Time of making charcoal. Coal making equipment

Charcoal is a completely organic material used as a fuel. Its high environmental properties are known for the fact that when smoldering, it does not emit toxic and toxic fumes, since it consists entirely of carbon.

In industry, it is widely used by metallurgical complexes and chemical plants, in agriculture it is used as a mineral supplement. This high demand for carbon fuels, combined with its unique qualities, has contributed to the development of technological processes for its manufacture.

Charcoal is produced by a soft charcoal system, which is characterized by a low temperature regime. There are three main types of charcoal:

Black, obtained from wood processing soft rocks.
White, made from hardwood.
Red, produced from coniferous trees.

When receiving coal, any wood waste(waste paper, furniture industry, stumps, branches). Moreover, white coal is valued in Japan, and red - for private use.

This universal product has found adequate application in almost all spheres of human life. Being alternative view fuel, it is still actively used in household. The industrial dimensions of its application are huge and multifaceted, they affect the following areas of its active use:

metal smelting;
water purification;
as a trap for harmful and toxic gases;
in medicine in case of poisoning;
feeding for animals and birds;
in catering systems;
as a fertilizer.

Depending on the quality, it is divided into three grades, assigning letter designations A, B, C.
The technological process of obtaining this product is simple, but requires additional knowledge and skills. Therefore, this type of activity is often used as profitable business. But, it should be borne in mind that with a clear understanding of the role of correct observance of all stages of the process, the percentage of output of a quality product increases.

Production technology charcoal standardly includes 4 main stages: drying, pyrolysis, calcination, cooling. More recently, its production brought serious harm to the environment. But modern technologies solved this problem by introducing new unique equipment.

Equipment for the production of

basis production process for the production of charcoal is the following mechanisms:

Hydraulic wood splitter.
Chainsaws.
Scales.
Charcoal oven.
Electricity generator.

For the construction of the furnace, an open and level area should be equipped, the furnace itself should be of high quality, ensuring the impossibility of oxygen penetration. Otherwise, part of the raw material will not be processed, but burned.

Video: charcoal oven.

A good furnace is designed in such a way that the gases that appear during oxidation are fed into the furnace, burned out there and sent to maintain the required temperature. Such energy savings are environmentally friendly and economical.

There is also equipment in which it is possible to use only one container. In this case, the continuity process technological production charcoal is broken and downtime appears. This situation is solved by the presence of removable containers in which you can separately dry, oxidize firewood and leave it to burn out.

The modern technologies used to make charcoal are waste-free, environmentally friendly and ergonomic. The equipment does not need additional and specific care. In production, as a rule, 3 people are responsible for the continuity of the process and the automatic adjustment of machines.

Equipment differs in its variability, but they can be grouped into 3 main types:

Mobile units;
Stationary mechanisms;
Auxiliary equipment.

The first and second groups of equipment differ in the presence and absence of the possibility for its transfer. Moreover, some of the types of equipment have a single function for drying and pyrolysis.

Charcoal kilns have a weight of 6 to 80 tons. When choosing mobile equipment, you should take small models that will allow you to change their location. The choice in their favor is due to the lack of the ability to systematically supply consumable to a specific place. Mobile installations consist of modules, are quickly assembled and dismantled. They can be located without creating additional sheds and protective rooms.

Stationary installations, on the contrary, require the allocation of a separate adapted room, which can be used simultaneously as a storage finished products.

Installation of equipment must be carried out by specialists and comply with the provisions of GOST. All installations must meet the requirements of safety and environmental friendliness, since waste and carbon residues are burned in the furnaces.

Auxiliary equipment is desirable for acquisition, since it significantly reduces costs, primarily of a temporary nature. Such mechanisms include a weighing and packing batcher, a separator.

Use of the oven

The central mechanism of the whole process is the oven. A modern charcoal kiln, or, as it is also called, a retort kiln, differs significantly from its predecessor from the beginning of the 20th century. Its transformation took place against the background of the growth of scientific and technical knowledge, as a result of which the equipment used now is excellent as external characteristics, and the quality of the output.

Various modifications of furnaces are used, differing from each other in the way the heat carrier is supplied to the raw material. Since it is located in an isolated chamber, the contact with the flue gas is leveled. The process of material supply is carried out through the hopper and activation compartment. For the supply of raw materials, a trolley is used as an auxiliary mechanism.

Loading depends on the type of equipment selected and may involve manual or automatic feed. In automatic mode, it is produced by means of a mechanical type conveyor. After full loading, the trolley is driven into the chamber for drying-pyrolysis.

Chambers equipped with separate furnaces can accommodate three trolleys at the same time.
After laying, the raw materials are dried, the gases emitted in the process are transported to a separate chamber, burned there.

In order to improve production efficiency, the heat remaining from the pyrolysis compartment is sent to the drying chamber. Further, the chambers change roles and drying performs the functions of pyrolysis. All condensate is discharged through specially equipped nozzles. Thus, the dual operation of these chambers saves time and energy resources. After finishing this technological stage, trolleys leave the chambers with finished products.

The separator helps to sort finished product in the size of the pieces. With the help of a weight dispenser, you can quickly pack large coal into bags. If the production provides for the use of a packing dispenser, then fine coal is used for packing and it is carried out in an open package.

The finished material can also be briquetted, for which auxiliary equipment is used.

The production of charcoal briquettes also consists of the sequence of following the steps - grinding coal, creating a briquette mass, pressing briquettes, drying and calcining.

One of the most specific materials used by many people in Everyday life, is charcoal, it is also called activated carbon. The use of such raw materials as fuel has been practiced since ancient times. At that time, simple, time-consuming manufacturing methods were used in its production, coal production volumes were small. But as you know - demand creates supply!

Now, especially in the forest regions, the industrial production of charcoal is developed. The technology, equipment, new ideas and solutions used today are modern and diverse. In a complex - this situation allows you to quickly get high-quality raw materials, such a business is profitable, has great prospects.

Properties of charcoal

Charcoal is a solid, porous, high-carbon raw material. The production of charcoal comes from wood material, by heating in the absence of oxygen (possibly with a small amount of it), retorts, furnaces, heaps are used for this. The raw material mainly consists of carbon, which combines its properties with coal.

Both of these substances are obtained from wood. Only in the case of coal, the starting material is wood of natural origin, which decomposes in the absence of air over several centuries. Coal is obtained by partial combustion of wood, with limited air access. Such raw materials are recognized as one of the best views fuel, it is distinguished by environmental friendliness, the smoke emitted during combustion does not carry harmful effects for environment.

The raw material has a high porosity, which explains the good sorption properties. This allows you to purify water, gases, alcohol. It is important that the chemical physical properties raw materials may cause spontaneous combustion (included in active interaction with oxygen). The substance has a high thermal conductivity, which is significantly affected by humidity and temperature, it is almost the same as that of coal.

High-quality raw materials after the end of the production cycle have a clear sheen with a bluish tint. When crumbling such a product, you can see that the wood structure is preserved, the raw material is dotted with cracks.

The output when processing dry wood material will be up to 40% of the original mass.

There are special criteria for assessing the quality of charcoal

Scope of charcoal and its types

Charcoal is of the following types:

Red- light charcoal of needles is used in the production.
Black- made from aspens, willows.
White- use: oak, beech, birch, ash, hornbeam. On the initial stage production, there is a slight charring, then a jump to a high temperature (1000 degrees). At the same time, unlike other species, white charcoal does not retain the bark.

Raw materials of various kinds received wide use in a variety of fields, both for purposes National economy, as well as in industrial production in the production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals.

The raw material practically does not contain phosphorus, sulfur - which makes it invaluable for metallurgy.
Metal products are carburized with coal, which allows you to increase the carbon content, thereby improving their properties, avoiding oxidative processes. The largest share in terms of consumption of raw materials is occupied by enterprises producing carbon disulfide and silicon products.

There are a number of areas that are in dire need of charcoal, let's name the main ones:

Chemical industry, in the manufacture of:

varnishes;
paints;
artificial fibers;
glass products;
chemicals and poisons;
plastics;
filter elements;
cellophane products;
antiseptic agents.

Building sector as a means of adsorbing moisture and odors.
In electrical engineering raw materials are valued for their resistance to radiation, toxins - they are used to create various parts, conductive elements, electrodes.
The medicine distributes raw materials in tablet form as a remedy.
The agricultural industry uses raw materials in the following areas:

food supplement for birds;
food supplement for cattle;
food supplement for small cattle;
promotion nutritional properties topsoil.

Floriculture as an organic element.
food industry- as a dye, marked on the package finished product letter and number E 153.
The cosmetic industry uses raw materials in products for the face, skin, body, and hair.

Within the territory of Russian Federation- the classic purpose of raw materials, it is fuel for kindling home stoves, in the preparation of food. The production of birch charcoal makes it possible to get heat, without the appearance of a flame. It is not recommended to light a fire with chemicals while avoiding harmful and unpleasant odors. Twist the paper, put the wood chips around in the shape of a hut. When the hut ignites, it is necessary to enclose wood material. After that, cover the structure with coal. As soon as the coals have flared up, distribute them evenly over the entire area, wait until the last flames disappear, and the coals become gray.

Exist different technologies charcoal production

Production technology

The production of charcoal consists of a series of sequential operations:

Drying of the raw material.

Despite the fact that dried wood can be used in the production of charcoal, it is necessary to remove moisture residues from the material, which, one way or another, are present in the base raw material. So immediately after reducing the size of the base raw material, it is subjected to a drying process. In order to effectively dry the raw material, it is placed in a special container, which is specially designed for coal, then the raw material is processed using hot smoke. To reduce costs, the drying vessel is placed as close as possible to the pyrolysis oven, which provides the required heat.

pyrolysis process.

Processing of raw materials at this stage involves heating it to a certain temperature. Pyrolysis assumes that the process takes place without air access, while the raw materials are processed at high temperatures to coals, and ignition is excluded.

Calcination.

During calcination, the temperature rises to more than 400 degrees, the process allows you to completely exclude resin and gases from the raw materials.

Cooling of raw materials.

This is the last step in the manufacture of charcoal, it is that the raw material is gradually cooled.

Upon completion of the cooling process, the raw materials are packaged and transferred to the warehouse. Described technological operations make it possible to produce high quality products, which can be simply packaged in paper containers of various sizes for deliveries to the market.

The production technology, despite its simplicity, requires strict adherence to safety regulations and fire fighting measures. Be sure to install fire alarm, have on hand required amount fire extinguishers to ensure safety, these measures will allow in the event of a fire to localize it quickly.

Most suitable material for the production of charcoal is a tree in chocks up to 60 cm in size. When buying a solid log material, an additional worker is needed, whose task will be to grind the material to the required size.

Charcoal can be produced both on an industrial scale and at home.

Making at home

It must be understood that home production- this is perfect solution if a small amount of raw material is needed. Such ecological fuel is great for small blacksmith industries, barbecue and barbecue, the purchase of raw materials for these purposes costs a penny. Charcoal kilns for the production of charcoal, used in mass production, have large dimensions and a high price - they are not suitable for home conditions. In practice, the following methods are widely used:

burning in a metal barrel;
burning wood in a pit.

Using a metal barrel oven

Let us analyze in detail how charcoal is obtained using metal barrel. The barrel must be made of metal of great thickness. It is unacceptable to use a container from under chemicals. If previously oil-containing products were stored in the barrel, the container must be processed.

Temperature-resistant bricks are placed at the bottom of the container, in the space between the bricks, a fire is placed until the coal is at the height of the bricks. After that, it is necessary to install the grate, wood material is tightly laid on its surface.

Fill the barrel, wait for the flame to appear. Cover the container with a massive sheet of metal, leaving a small gap.

To speed up the process, a small hole must be made in the lower part of the container, through which air can subsequently be supplied with a vacuum cleaner. But this part is not of particular importance for the overall process.

Control the color of the smoke coming out. After it is bluish in color, the clearance from above must be eliminated. Next, the container is left until completely cooled, after which the resulting raw material is sieved and packaged.

Burning in a hole

The ancient technology of producing charcoal using a pit is discussed in detail below. To the benefits this method can be attributed to its simplicity, lack of additional costs for the manufacture of raw materials. It is necessary and sufficient to prepare wood material, dig a hole in the shape of a cylinder.

The vertical sides of the pit must be made sheer, the radius of the pit is 40 cm, and the depth is up to 50 cm. The lower part of the pit must be carefully compacted, this will prevent mixing of the soil and finished raw materials.

A fire is made directly in the pit, it is important - do not use chemistry. After the bottom of the pit is completely filled, pre-prepared (peeled and sawn into pieces up to 30 cm) wood material is placed in it.

When the laid wood burns out, it is necessary to replenish it with a new portion, repeat the bookmark until the pit is finally filled with coals. This method takes about 3 hours.

A completely filled pit is covered with grass and earth, compacted. The raw material is allowed to cool for 48 hours, after which the finished coals are sifted and packaged. From one pit, up to 2 bags of raw materials come out. The quality of the raw material depends on the observance of all the nuances of the technological process, but the type of wood chosen to obtain the raw material has a greater influence.

Production on an industrial scale

The industrial production of charcoal takes place today according to two technologies, which require different equipment:

burning wood material using continuous cycle kilns;
burning wood with cyclic kilns.

Which equipment to use depends on:

method of organizing the process of firing the original product;
what type of wood is used to obtain the finished product.

Not so long ago, there was an acute shortage of equipment for the production of charcoal on the domestic market. There were two main areas: affordable Chinese-made stoves, which entrepreneurs bypassed because of dubious quality; much more expensive analogues from European countries - entrepreneurs simply could not afford the purchase of such equipment.

Today there is a way out - equipment from domestic manufacturer, in terms of cost and quality, the product is well suited for the Russian consumer. Thus, the issue of acquiring high-quality and affordable equipment is solved simply. However, the issue of complex organization of profitable industrial production of charcoal is a more difficult task.

In the production of charcoal, fire safety rules must be observed

Safety regulations

In accordance with safety regulations, the minimum volume of coal that can be subject to spontaneous combustion is 100 cubic decimeters. When working with volumes that are higher than indicated, measures are necessary to prevent spontaneous combustion of raw materials.

It is unacceptable to strictly restrict raw materials from interaction with oxidizing substances. It is also important to prevent the accumulation of dust from coal.

In the production of charcoal, it is necessary to adhere to the rules of labor protection R O-00-97.

When moving finished raw materials, steel barrels, paper bags, polypropylene are used. Store charcoal in closed warehouses, special containers, the purpose of which is to protect raw materials from precipitation. Transportation is carried out in packages, or simply in bulk in closed wagons or trucks.

Production costs

It takes about 1.5 million rubles to start a charcoal production business. Main part Money necessary for the purchase of equipment (650-900 thousand rubles). Of the equipment of domestic production, we recommend furnaces OD-30, OD-60, these installations are used for the production of high quality raw materials.

The following costs must also be taken into account:

renting a room - up to 400 thousand rubles;
purchase of wood - up to 100 thousand rubles;
salaries, payment of taxes - 600 thousand rubles;
advertising, transport - 50 thousand rubles;
payment of utility bills - 50 thousand rubles;
paperwork - up to 10 thousand rubles.

As a result, 1.8 million rubles are needed for a confident start of industrial production of charcoal.

The sale of 1 kg of finished products brings profit in the range from 18 to 35 rubles. Monthly net profit will be about 80 thousand rubles from 100 tons of raw materials.

Activated carbon is a product of value for various spheres of human life. As an environmentally friendly fuel, charcoal will occupy an increasing share of the world market, despite the prevalence of gas and oil. Raw materials can be sold, if not for the needs of the domestic market, then for export. It is useful to know the process of charcoal production at least to meet your own needs for raw materials, although its industrial production seems to be a promising and profitable business.

Man uses different kinds energy daily. And, characteristically, every year the need for it increases more and more. Therefore, the need for fuel, which generates this energy, also increases.

Charcoal is a biological type of fuel, environmentally friendly and absolutely safe for the atmosphere. This explains its popularity among consumers and the expediency of organizing an enterprise for its manufacture.

This type of fuel is indispensable in industrial production as a reducing agent in the smelting of especially rare valuable metals.
With the direct participation of charcoal, the processes of regeneration of water and air in a closed space are carried out.
known to everyone Activated carbon- a product of wood processing, saves from poisoning.
It is indispensable for cleaning gas emissions from enterprises and industrial effluents.
The material is widely used in agriculture - for feeding cattle, pigs, poultry, as a top dressing for growing crops.
In everyday life, charcoal is used in fireplaces and barbecues.

As you can see, the use of coal is extremely diverse, which explains the rapidly growing demand for it.

Selection of premises and equipment

Ideally, knowledge should be located close to sources of raw materials, this will significantly reduce transport costs.

In order to start buying equipment, you should have at least a general idea of the charcoal production process. In special ovens, the raw material is subjected to oxygen-free burning and then dried. Further, the matter is small - to pack the coals and pack (manually or using specialized equipment).

The production capacity of an oven suitable for a small business is up to 400 kg per day. As practice shows, manual packaging is extremely time-consuming and inefficient. Therefore, the list necessary equipment in addition to the incineration furnace (worth 800-850 thousand rubles), packaging equipment is being added.

It is not advisable to purchase a furnace with high productivity right away. At the stage of business development, it will be difficult to find buyers willing to purchase charcoal in large quantities.

Necessary raw materials, its main varieties

The main raw material for the manufacture of the described products is wood waste. The specific type of raw material should be selected depending on the region where the business is located. As a rule, workshop owners enter into agreements with forestry enterprises for the supply of timber. It would not be superfluous to establish contacts with a furniture factory or sawmill, if any, nearby.

The quality and characteristics of the resulting finished product depend on the type of raw material used in production.

There are three types of charcoal:

Red– at the heart of its production are breeds only coniferous trees. The finished product is obtained by soft charcoal at a minimum temperature.
White- a product of processing hardwoods (deciduous: elm, poplar, stone tree, hazel, maple, etc.).
Black- it is easy to guess that this type of coal is obtained by languishing softwoods (deciduous: chestnut, willow, aspen, alder, etc.).

The varieties of trees described above are divided into groups based on the density of wood. So, for example, the output of coal from linden or aspen will be much less than from acacia or birch.

Technology and production stages

To date, there are several technologies for the manufacture of wood fuel. The choice of a particular one is determined by the raw materials used and the desired quality of the finished product.

At the heart of any of the technological processes is the use of retort charcoal kiln. This stage is aimed at burning wood without oxygen. This process is called pyrolysis. As part of this stage provides for the laying of wood in retorts, as well as sending them to drying chamber pyrolysis. Upon reaching a certain temperature in the combustion chamber, the combustion of wood without oxygen begins. Gases released during the process heat treatment, go to maintain combustion inside the chamber.

Upon completion of the pyrolysis, the retorts with charcoal are transferred to metal grates, where they are finally cooled down.

The equipment, the use of which is necessary for coal production, does not contain heaters and fans. This minimizes energy costs.

The state-of-the-art method of making charcoal is aimed at processing wood briquettes (rather than solid wood, as standard technology suggests). The resulting finished product differs more high quality, and its production can be called waste-free.

You can learn about how this product is made from the following video:

Sales channels

In our country, the consumption of such coal is at a low level. That's why the best option sales will be the search for foreign partners. In European countries, such products are very popular and in incredible demand. If you do not have "exits" to a foreign market, buyers can be found in your own country:

One option is to organize wholesale.
Do not forget about the smelters and blacksmith shops.
You can safely add gas stations, grill bars, restaurants and barbecue houses, as well as specialized shops for summer holidays to the list of prospective partners. Demand will be seasonal. In summer it will be twice as high as in winter.

An important condition for business development is the creation of a memorable company logo, which must be applied to each bag. So, having used your product once, the buyer is more likely to give preference to it again.

You should also conduct an active marketing policy, advertise on billboards and on the Internet, where buyers will find you themselves.

Financial plan and profitability of production

For our country, this business is relatively new, but, no doubt, promising. Global environmental awareness is driving the switch to charcoal. Starting a business does not require significant costs. The production technology is quite simple, does not require the construction of large-scale complexes.

Essential equipment for obtaining 32-35 tons of products will cost monthly 500 thousand rubles, this amount includes:

retort-type charcoal kiln costing 35-82 thousand rubles;
industrial measuring device worth up to 10 thousand rubles;
gasoline or electric saws worth 10-12 thousand rubles;
electric generator costing 25-35 thousand rubles;
optional: hydraulic wood splitter and packing equipment - as needed.

Do not forget about legal side question. Registration will take no more than a month. With the expected income, the entrepreneur will transfer taxes to the state for.

To produce 32-35 tons of coal monthly, the following raw materials will be required:

chopped firewood - 1.5-2 thousand rubles / cubic meter;
bags (nets) for packaging finished products - 12-15 rubles / pc.

The wages of working personnel (5 people will be enough for a start) will amount to 85-100 thousand rubles per month. Advertising and transport costs can fluctuate slightly from month to month.

Subject to the implementation of the planned implementation plan, monthly income will be 75-80 thousand rubles at the cost of finished products 20-25 rubles/kg.

The objective advantage of the business of manufacturing and selling charcoal is a small initial investment, as well as minimal competition in this market segment. Even if there are problems with the sale of products, payback period of the project - 2 years. If it is possible to establish an export option, investments can pay off in six months.

Charcoal is still used in many areas of our lives, often being an indispensable product. First of all, you need to draw up a business plan that will help you start an excellent, profitable production.

Today, you can quickly establish the production of various types of charcoal:

black from softwoods (alder, linden, poplar, aspen);
white from hardwoods (hornbeam, birch, oak, elm);
red, obtained by soft charcoal.

Manufacturing technology

The charcoal business is the use of a special technology that allows the production of coal from raw wood, which is used today in many industries. In this case, the pyrolysis process is used, that is, the raw material is burned in a furnace without oxygen access. For such production, special charcoal kilns are used, consisting of a chamber for making coal and drying.

The process is as follows: the raw material is fed into the loading chamber, after which its burning begins.

After the sensors show that the coal has burned out and is completely dry, they begin to unload it to cool.

For the manufacture of charcoal, various raw materials can be used: knots, hemp, most of the waste from logging, furniture factories, other woodworking enterprises. The plan may also take into account the fact that ordinary firewood can also be used for production, although such raw materials are more expensive, and the quality of coal is higher. Approximate consumption of raw materials for the manufacture of one ton of products: birch firewood - 7-8 cubic meters, softwood firewood - 11-12 cubic meters.

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Approximate expenses for the organization of production

When drawing up a coal production plan, we take into account the following financial costs:

Purchase of equipment for the production of charcoal:

a special charcoal kiln, the cost of which ranges from 17 to 100 thousand rubles;
hydraulic equipment for chopping firewood and raw materials, an ordinary cleaver. Cost - from 55 rubles. a piece;
electronic scales costing from 5 thousand rubles;
chainsaws cost about 5 thousand rubles;
electric generator cost about 12 thousand rubles;

Purchase of raw materials (plan - 30 tons of products per month):

chopped firewood. The cost is from 1200 rubles. up to 1700 per cu. m. You can save money by using the waste of a logging company, the cost here is much less, but the quality of the coal is lower;
bags for packaging production. The cost is from 7-10 rubles per piece.

Salary for production workers: based on five people - 75-100 thousand rubles. per month.
Documents required to register a business. The cost is from about 10 thousand rubles.
The plan should then include the following costs:

rent of a workshop room for production and a warehouse - from 20 thousand rubles;
advertising, transport and other expenses.

In total, the minimum plan for the production of charcoal and its implementation requires an initial investment of 500 thousand rubles. The cost of a kilogram of coal is 17-20 rubles. The average income per month that such a business can provide for entry level, is approximately 70 thousand rubles.

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Business payback

Any business development plan must necessarily take into account the payback. In the production of charcoal, in order to have a great initial start, you can start with a capacity of about 30-40 tons per month. To do this, you can buy the most various ovens, it depends on what kind of initial capital you have. Some charcoal kilns are more expensive, there are models that have a low price, but the main thing is to correctly calculate their power and consumption of raw materials. It is recommended that you first plan for more economical production, gradually increasing capacity and identifying new markets.

The total cost of starting a business of your own, such as a charcoal business, including the purchase of equipment, registration necessary documentation, renting a room or plot, hiring employees, can range from about 700 thousand rubles. up to one million, depending on the equipment and performance. Such a plan must necessarily include the costs that will be needed for the installation of equipment, the storage of finished products, and the transportation of coal. Usually requires a plot of 150 to 200 square meters. meters.

Maintenance personnel for one shift can be from two people, usually special training for working with furnaces and separators is not required. It is possible to place production even within the city, since the continuous process of making charcoal practically does not harm the environment, that is, the emission harmful substances minimal.

The profit received per month depends on how well the planned business is organized. If you preliminarily organize not only the production of charcoal, but also its packaging and sorting, this will make it possible to sell products more profitably and expand the customer base.

With properly established production and the output of finished products in the form of charcoal from forty tons per month, the payback period for investments will be only up to 9 months, that is, the business will begin to make a profit within a year.

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Raw materials for processing

When drawing up a business plan for the production of coal, you need to take care of the procurement of raw materials. Depending on which technology will be chosen for this, the raw materials may be waste from the logging industry, birch wood and other raw materials pressed into large briquettes. Any wood can be purchased for charcoal kilns, but it must be remembered that it is more expensive than other types of raw materials, and the charcoal that is obtained from this is not of very high quality.

When organizing such a business, one must remember that the waste from the logging industry is more profitable as a raw material for charcoal. The length of briquettes made of such material is ideal for ovens, that is, they do not need to be further processed, usually the parameters are 0.4-0.55 meters. It is also well suited that the percentage of end area rot here is only up to 15, while the split line is up to 18 cm. For production, it is ideal to use raw materials from windbreak, growing forest, burnt wood, deadwood.

The business plan must also contain data on the volume of raw materials purchased, its quality. The indicators depend not only on the required production volumes, but also on what type of equipment will be used, what plan for the sale of products was drawn up.