Rosehip - description, useful properties. Nutritious salad with spicy chicken and grapes

Useful properties and contraindications of wild rose have long been studied in folk medicine. No wonder the people call this shrub "healer of the forest." Rose hips are a storehouse of vitamins and microelements, useful biologically active substances. Therefore, it is so valued in traditional medicine and used in the treatment of many diseases. In the old days - this was the first salvation from scurvy. Rose hips were highly valued, they were exchanged for jewelry, expensive fabrics and furs. Today, the fruits of this plant are also widely used in confectionery and alcoholic beverage production. They make marshmallows, jelly, marmalade, sweets, liquors, fortified candies. Also, the perfume industry cannot do without the aroma of a wild rose. Decoctions, infusions, rosehip oil are a valuable cosmetic product.

Features of a medicinal plant

May rosehip. Botanical illustration from O. V. Tome's book "Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz", 1885.

This is medicinal plant- "pride" of Russian flora. It is prepared not only by experienced herbalists and healers, but also by people who are completely far from traditional medicine. Everyone knows that rose hips are rich in vitamin C.

area

Rose hip - perennial shrub occupying a wide area. Many of its species are endemic - they can only be seen in a limited area. Rosehip can be found throughout Europe, in the Crimea and the Caucasus. Many of its species grow in Siberia, Baikal, Altai, Kamchatka, Japan and China. Some are found in the Pamirs, in the Himalayas and in the Tien Shan. This shrub grows in Central Asia, India, Pakistan, North Africa, North America. Some varieties can be seen in Australia and New Zealand. He likes sparse deciduous, coniferous, mixed forests, woodlands, plantings. It takes root well in the forest-steppe zone, is found along roads and rivers, on plains and meadows, in ravines. It can also be seen on rocky cliffs, in the mountains it grows at an altitude of up to 2200 m above sea level. It is noteworthy that the fruits of shrubs growing in the northern regions and the middle lane contain more vitamin C.

Rosehip cinnamon, or May. Dog rose, or dog rose.
Rosehip wrinkled.

Types of wild rose

Daurian rosehip, or Daurian rose.

The variety of species of this plant is striking. Among them there are dwarf bushes up to 30 cm, and huge, tree-like shrubs reaching a height of 10 m. About 200 species of wild rose are described in detail. They are divided into 9 varietal groups. Many shrubs have healing properties - wrinkled, loose, Dahurian, spiny, Begger, Albert, Fedchenko, Webb and others. However, among them there are species especially rich in vitamin C, which belong to the cinnamon section. They are widely used in folk and traditional medicine.

• Rosehip cinnamon, or May. Reaches a height of 2 m. The branches are brown with a reddish tinge, shiny. Non-flowering stems have thin and straight thorns, while flowering stems have denser and curved ones. The leaves on the stems (5 or 7 pairs) are oval, medium-sized, dark green or light green above, depending on the place of growth, bluish below. Large single flowers can be of different shades - from pale pink to dark red.
• Dog rose, or dog rose. It looks like a cinnamon rosehip, but the bush is taller and spreading. It has many varieties, the fruits differ in shape and color. It is ubiquitous in the European part. This shrub is well known in Ukraine, hence most of its popular names come from - shipchak, blackthorn, glog, dog rose hips, shipshina.

The average lifespan of a shrub is 40 years. However, there are also “long-livers” among them. The oldest wild rose in Europe grows in Germany. Its height is 13 m, the girth of the trunk is 50 cm, the estimated age is from 400 to 1000 years.

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Not only the fruits are considered valuable in the shrub, but also the roots, seeds, leaves, rosehip flowers. But still, when it comes to the preparation of this medicinal raw material, berries are meant.

• When is the rosehip harvested? Fruit picking time - autumn (September-October). Harvest before the first frost. Frozen black rose hips lose their healing power and quickly deteriorate. The fruits should be firm, without black spots, bright red or orange in color, which indicates their maturity.
• How to collect and dry rose hips? Gloves must be worn when picking up so as not to cut your hands. It is important to remove whole berries, do not crush them. The collected fruits must be dried as soon as possible, otherwise the beneficial properties of the rosehip will be lost. Dry the fruits in an oven or a special dryer with good ventilation to evaporate moisture at a temperature of 80 ° C. Berries need to be mixed so that they do not burn. Properly dried fruits should not be dark, they acquire a dark red color, pleasant aroma, do not stick together, do not stain hands.
• How to store? Dried rose hips are packed in linen bags. Protected from moisture, stored for 2 years.

In Europe and Asia, the shrub is cultivated for industrial purposes. Usually, rose hips are grown on plantations, which gives a high yield.

healing action

Medicinal properties of wild rose:

• hemostatic;
• immunostimulating;
• vasodilating;
• vascular strengthening;
• diaphoretic;
• antidiabetic;
• bronchodilator;
• diuretic;
• secretory;
• antiseptic;
• astringent;
• anti-inflammatory;
• wound healing;
• regenerating;
• antiscorbutic.

Chemical composition:

• vitamin C, or ascorbic acid;
• other vitamins: A, E, K, P, a group of vitamins B;
• rich composition of minerals;
• pectins;
• citric, oleic, malic, linoleic and other useful acids;
• Sahara;
• phytoncides;
• wax;
• flavonoids;
• carotenoids;
• pigments;
• essential, fatty oil;
• tannins.

Most vitamin C is found in mature dried fruits. In fresh berries, its content is lower. Rose hips are a natural multivitamin complex of our region. Therefore, it is so valued in pharmacology and scientific medicine.

List of indications

For what diseases is this medicinal plant prescribed?

• Gastrointestinal tract. Since ancient times, people have known that wild rose is a useful medicine for the liver, stomach, gallbladder, bile ducts, and intestines. They are treated with gastritis with low acidity, stomach and duodenal ulcers, ulcerative colitis, cholelithiasis. It is given for diarrhea, to normalize digestion, stimulate intestinal motility.
• urinary system. This mild diuretic helps with kidney pyelonephritis, cystitis, urolithiasis, kidney stones.
• Metabolism. The tool stimulates the production of hormones, has antidiabetic properties, lowers blood sugar levels. It is also prescribed to normalize metabolic processes, to reduce weight, to remove excess fluid.
• The cardiovascular system. Decoctions and infusions of this medicinal plant normalize blood circulation, prevent the development of atherosclerosis, and are good for the heart. However, contraindicated in heart failure and endocarditis. It is prescribed for permeability, fragility of blood vessels, high cholesterol in the blood.
• Hematopoiesis. Rosehip is often prescribed for anemia to stimulate hematopoiesis. It is recommended for physically weak people, adolescents, patients who have undergone surgery. Vitamin K promotes blood clotting, so the remedy is effective for various types of bleeding - uterine, nasal, intestinal, pulmonary, renal, and stomach ulcers. Some herbalists write about the successful treatment of blood cancers with rose hips.
• Nervous system . It is useful to drink with neurosis, irritability, constant stress, severe fatigue and drowsiness.
• Musculoskeletal system. The high content of vitamin C in this plant helps to remove salts from the body. It is drunk with gout to reduce salt deposits, relieve inflammation, swelling and pain in rheumatism.
• Outdoor use. Vitamin C contributes to the rapid regeneration of soft and bone tissues, acts as an antiseptic and wound healing agent, and relieves swelling. The plant has a wide range of external applications: wounds, fractures, bruises, tumors, burns, trophic ulcers, bedsores, cracked lips, nipples, rectum. It is used in dermatology for eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis of various nature, erysipelas. Also, its infusions treat bites of poisonous insects and snakes.
• Antioxidant. Removes radionuclides, heavy metals, toxins and slags. Thanks to vitamin C, it belongs to the group of antioxidant herbal preparations. Helps with various types intoxications that occur at high temperatures and dehydration, food, chemical, alcohol poisoning, irradiation.
• Prevention of scurvy and beriberi. Rosehip - the most popular and affordable folk remedy for the prevention of spring beriberi. In adverse conditions and with insufficient nutrition, it helps to get rid of scurvy, supports immunity, improves vision. It is also taken to support the body with ARVI, colds, flu, bronchitis, pneumonia, and tuberculosis.

About use in hypertension

Does rosehip increase blood pressure? In herbalists, you can read information that this medicinal plant normalizes blood circulation, acts as a vasodilator. However, its pharmacological action depends on the dosage form. Alcohol tinctures are indicated for hypotensive patients, that is, they contribute to an increase in blood pressure. Rosehip lowers blood pressure if prepared in the form of teas, infusions, decoctions, compotes. It can be taken in complex therapy for hypertension. It is necessary to consult a doctor before taking. You also need to know that with prolonged use of this remedy, a withdrawal syndrome may occur, that is, with a sharp abolition of rose hips, pressure may increase.

What are the contraindications of wild rose? Vitamin K increases blood clotting, so the remedy is strictly prohibited for thrombophlebitis. Also, it can not be drunk in any form with gastritis with high acidity, endocarditis, individual intolerance, damage to tooth enamel, acute forms of gastrointestinal diseases. Overdose and long-term use can lead to liver dysfunction, withdrawal syndrome, an allergic reaction in the form of itching, swelling, and urticaria.

Features of the use and preparation of wild rose

For the preparation of medicines, fruits, leaves, seeds, flowers and roots are used. They are used to prepare various dosage forms. Many drugs can be purchased at the pharmacy - dry fruits, tea, oil, syrup. And some cook at home - decoctions, infusions, tinctures, juice.

Dosage forms

• . It is widely used in cosmetology, has anti-aging, whitening, tonic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic effect. It is also taken orally as a choleretic, tonic. Used for local treatment in dentistry, otolaryngology, dermatology. Contraindicated in pregnancy and children under 12 years of age for oral administration.
• Tea . It is sold in the pharmacy in the form of filter bags (usually 2 bags are taken per glass of boiling water). Rosehips also make good vitamin teas with the addition of berries and leaves of blackcurrant, hawthorn, raspberries, and blueberries.
• Decoction. Prepared at home using pharmacy or own prepared raw materials. Medicinal decoctions are obtained from the fruits, which are taken for all the above indications. Leaf decoctions are a good remedy for flatulence, spasms, colic of the stomach and intestines. It has an astringent effect in dysentery. Decoctions from the root help with inflammation of the joints, gout, rheumatism, weakness and pain in the muscles, paralysis, convulsions, as well as stones in the gallbladder, bladder, kidneys. Read more about the use of rosehip root. Seed decoctions are a good remedy for the prevention of colds, kidney stones.
• Infusion. Cooking for water based and apply in the same way as decoctions. Infusions usually do not boil. Berries are poured with boiling water and insist. Infusion, like compote and tea, is a good general tonic. It can be taken for a long time in preventive doses during the cold season.
• . It can be purchased at a pharmacy (a version of the syrup is Holosas), but it is also prepared at home. Most often prescribed for diseases of the gallbladder and liver, for colds, viral infections, overwork, exhaustion, for the prevention of vitamin deficiency, normalization of metabolic processes in the body, cleansing of toxins and toxins. Often prescribed to young children and pregnant women. In addition to general contraindications, there is one more thing - diabetes mellitus (due to the sugar content in the preparation).

Rosehip juice is rarely prepared due to the difficulty of separating the prickly seeds of the fruit. They must not be allowed to enter the gastrointestinal tract. According to the content of vitamin C, fresh juice is inferior to decoctions and infusions, which are prepared from dried berries.

Brewing rules

How to brew rosehip? There are many options for the preparation of this drug. Some herbalists say that the fruits should not be boiled, because most of the vitamins are lost during heat treatment. In other recipes, on the contrary, the decoctions are boiled. Thirdly, they first insist, after which they boil over low heat. Sometimes the berries are steamed in a water bath. What are the basic rules for brewing?

• You can not boil, but pour whole or peeled fruits with boiling water, then insist in glass, enameled dishes.
• The time of infusion can be different - from 2 hours to a day.
• If the fruits are not boiled, they are insisted longer - up to 12 hours.
• After boiling, the decoctions insist less - from 2 to 4 hours.
• The ideal and most convenient option is brewing in a thermos.
• To preserve vitamin C and medicinal properties, it is recommended to peel or grind the berries, then pour boiling water over them.
• Crushed berries must be carefully filtered so that the prickly pulp does not enter the body.
• Fresh berries can even be poured with cold water and infused for a day.
• Decoctions and infusions are stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

Benefits for women and men

• For women . Rosehip in any dosage forms is useful for women of mature age - in the premenopausal period. Infusions and decoctions relieve nervous tension, irritability, normalize sleep and hormone production. Women often use rosehip oil for cosmetic purposes - for massage, when caring for dry, aging skin, with brittle, dry hair. Often, rosehip infusions and teas are prescribed for expectant mothers with edema in the last trimester, and also as a general tonic. Read more about rose hips during pregnancy. Wild rose decoctions are allowed while breastfeeding. However, rose hips do not have lactogenic properties. It is useful to drink it during lactation as a vitamin supplement, but in reasonable doses.
• For men . The tool is useful for stimulating the gonads. It is shown to men of mature age for the prevention of diseases of the genitourinary sphere. It is also recommended for those men who are engaged in heavy physical labor. Thanks to its multivitamin properties, rose hips quickly restore the body's strength.

Benefits for children

What is useful rosehip for children?

• First of all, it is prescribed as a multivitamin remedy to strengthen immunity in the cold season.
• It is also given to children to normalize hematopoiesis, metabolism, with anemia, diseases of the liver and gallbladder.
• Babies from 2 years old are recommended to take rosehip syrup.
• It is useful to introduce decoctions, teas, compotes from wild roses into the diet of schoolchildren, they help with mental and physical overwork, loss of strength.
• For infants (after 6 months), some pediatricians recommend introducing decoctions and teas from wild roses into complementary foods.
• There is another opinion - do not rush with this drink, especially in children prone to allergies.
• You can also read the information that rosehip decoctions are prescribed even for newborns to remove bilirubin in jaundice.
• Decoctions and infusions have a diuretic property, so they should not be given to children at night.
• An overdose of wild rose should not be allowed, this can negatively affect the tooth enamel of milk and permanent teeth.
• Uncontrolled intake can lead to leaching of nutrients from the body, increased absorption of iron.

Children often have side effects with long-term use of rose hips, which manifest themselves in the form of constipation and an allergic reaction.

Safe reception

How to drink rose hips so as not to harm your health?

• Any dosage forms of this plant are taken as prescribed by a doctor.
• Do not exceed the dosage and course of treatment.
• Decoctions are drunk ½ cup 3 times a day, compotes and teas can be taken 1 cup 2 times a day.
• Prolonged secretory action of wild rose can have the opposite effect - complications on the liver.
• Vitamin C is known to promote the absorption of iron, and its excess can be hazardous to health, especially in some types of anemia.
• An excess of ascorbic acid can harm the body and negatively affect mineral and carbohydrate metabolism.
• Rosehip enhances the effect of some groups of antibiotics and, conversely, weakens the effect of hormonal contraceptives.
• The doctor should be aware of all medications taken when prescribing rose hips.
• Rinse your mouth with water after each dose to protect tooth enamel from the damaging effects of acids.

With the correct dosage and course of treatment, side effects from taking are rare. Manifested in the form of such symptoms: indigestion, itching, rash, redness of the skin.

The benefits and harms of wild rose, its medicinal properties have been thoroughly studied in pharmacology and traditional medicine. This medicinal raw material is most often prescribed for the prevention and treatment of beriberi, scurvy, colds, SARS, influenza. Rose hips help with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary, cardiovascular system, metabolic disorders and hematopoiesis, skin lesions, rheumatism and gout.

One of the main botanical characteristics of the wild rose plant, which distinguishes it from its closest relative, the rose, is the color of the shoots. If they are always red in roses, then when describing the rosehip plant, it is necessarily specified that the young shoots of this shrub are painted exclusively green. It is not difficult to create favorable conditions for growing wild rose in the garden, so these bushes are planted in almost every area.

Where does wild rose grow and plant characteristics

The rosehip plant belongs to the Rosaceae family, its homeland is the regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Rosehip is a wild shrub. The people often use the name - wild rose. For a long time it was used for food, medicines and paints were extracted from it, beautiful flowers and the fruits served as an ornament, its thorns were used as protection.

Where does rosehip grow in vivo? This shrub grows in the warm and temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere. Individual species of wild rose penetrate north to the Arctic Circle, and south to Ethiopia, Arabia, North India and the Philippine Islands, in North America to Mexico. Especially favorable conditions for its growth are in the area from the Mediterranean to the Himalayas and further in East Asia, where it forms extensive thickets. The largest thickets of this plant can be found in regions dominated by the steppe terrain. At the same time, it will be much less in the steppe itself than in small forests and plantings growing in this territory. In addition, wild rose bushes can often be found in ravines.

As can be seen in the photo, wild rose bushes grow singly or in groups along the edges and in the undergrowth of coniferous, deciduous and mixed forests, in light forests, floodplain and ravine forests, along rivers, near springs, in wet meadows, on rocky and clay cliffs, on plains and in the mountains at an altitude of up to 2200 m above sea level:

Rosehip is mainly confined to the forest zone, but forms a shrub layer in larch forests along the river valleys of the Siberian continental tundra, in the urem forests of the Trans-Ural steppes, for example, in the northern part of the valleys of the Ural and Emba rivers. Some types of wild rose form shrub areas of steppes and even deserts. Some species are found in the mountains up to the subalpine belt, up to an altitude of 2000–3500, and in tropical countries up to 4000 m above sea level.

Wild rose hips are frost-resistant, drought-resistant and undemanding to the soil. The most productive rosehip bushes are found on loamy, moderately moist soils. On dry and too wet soils, rose hips do not grow.

Here you can see photos of flowering rose hips of different types:

In the course of evolution, the wild rose has developed spines and bristles as a mechanical defense against being eaten by herbivores. But this did not prevent some animal species from adapting to this protection and thus having an advantage over other species. Camels, sheep and goats are known to easily cope with the most thorny plants. Juicy, bright rose hips that stand out against the background of green foliage serve as food for birds, mammals, rodents and reptiles. Animals leave indigestible rosehip seeds on the ground along with excrement, often at a considerable distance from the plant itself, and contribute to its spread.

Rose hips serve as food for black grouse, hazel grouse, gray partridge, gray crow, jackdaw, nutcrackers, starlings, Muscovite tit, thrush-missile. The rose hips are eaten by the hare, the yellow-throated mouse, the bank vole, and the fox. In predators such as the fox, juicy fruits are a constant admixture to animal food. The bank vole takes away seeds and succulent fruits of plants and makes small stocks of them.

Most species and varieties of wild rose in the temperate and cold zone bloom for a short time - from May to July. Subtropical wild roses bloom continuously. The fruits ripen in August, gradually acquiring a yellow, red color and remain on the branches until winter.

These photos show what the wild rose looks like in its natural habitat:

What flowers, leaves and berries of wild rose look like, photo of flowering bushes

Here you can get acquainted with botanical description wild rose - a shrub with a height of 1 to 2 meters or more.

This photo shows that the leaves of the wild rose are complex, pinnate, have from 3 to 11 elliptical ovate leaflets:

Blossom in June - the first half of July. The fruits ripen in August - September, red, pink or dark red.

The roots penetrate to a depth of 1–2 m.

Look at the photo - rosehip flowers are regular, most often fragrant, sometimes with pronounced doubleness, collected in corymbose or paniculate inflorescences, almost always with a pleasant aroma, white, pink, purple or yellow:

The most common are the following wild roses (wild roses): R. dog (R. canina), r. daurian (R. dahurica), r. spiny (R. acicularis), p. cinnamon (R. cinnamomea), p. gray-gray (R. glauca), p. wrinkled (R. rugosa), p. femoral (R. pimpinellifolia), etc.

The most important and useful part of the wild rose is the pulp of the berries. It is in it that valuable substances and organic acids accumulate. In addition, rose hips are a storehouse of macro- and microelements: magnesium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, silicon, copper, manganese and many others. For example, these berries contain 50 times more vitamin C than lemons, 10 times more than currants, and 100 times more than apples.

How to distinguish a rose from a wild rose? Here is how a gardener with many years of experience and the author of numerous books G. A. Kizima answers this question: “Very simple. The young shoots of roses are always red, while the young shoots of wild roses are green. She then goes on to talk about proper cultivation rose hips: “All roses and wild roses prefer greasy black clays. If you don’t have these, then mix well-rotted compost, and even better manure (you can’t bring fresh manure for planting roses!) In half with the clay that you have. It is better to plant them so that the morning, that is, the eastern sun, falls on them, and at noon there would be an openwork partial shade above them, then they will not fade and quickly fade. But better midday sun than partial shade. In the shade, roses bloom very poorly.

Many gardeners ask the following questions.

Why are rose hips not eaten fresh?

Raw, they are not consumed because of the hairs in the seed box. The fruits are removed until they become soft, dried and brewed with boiling water, making a vitamin drink.

How to distinguish wild rose hips from real, vitamin ones?

The fruits of this vitamin rosehip are easily distinguished from the fruits of the wild or any other rose hips by the sepals that remain on the fruits.

Pay attention to the photo - the rose hips of vitamin varieties are directed forward, while in the wild or decorative they are bent back:

Can rose hips be used as a hedge?

Of course you can. Rosehip, gradually growing, forms whole thickets, impenetrable and prickly, through which it is difficult to break through. But only this hedge must be monitored, aging stems should be cut to the ground about once every 3-4 years, otherwise your hedge will gradually turn into dead wood.

Gooseberry growing conditions, planting and care

Rosehip has an important feature: it has the ability to form new branches every year. This allows you to restore the ground part in a fairly short time if it was damaged or died. It is best to plant a shrub on fertile and moisture-rich soils, as the plant is warm and light-loving. The wild rose has a low need for the duration of winter organic dormancy, therefore, with prolonged thaws, the winter hardiness of this plant usually decreases, which can lead to freezing after the onset of cold snaps in the spring.

New flower buds, the basis of fruiting next year, are partially laid on the branches of two to three-year-old branches, which have the least winter hardiness.

For ease of care when planting, rosehip seedlings are best placed on a plot with a flat surface or a gentle slope without microcavities. It is desirable that the slope of the surface is directed to the south or southwest side. Valleys and floodplains with fertile soils and a high content of humus and phosphorus are also suitable for planting wild rose, if they are not flooded for a long time. Rose hip - moisture-loving plant, so the yield will be high only if this plant is regularly provided with soil moisture.

Soil preparation should begin six months before planting. During this time, it must be carefully dug up (mid-end of summer), having previously fertilized with manure at the rate of 10–12 kg per 1 m2. Further, until autumn, you should keep the site clean from weeds and periodically loosen.

In autumn, it is necessary to dig planting pits 30 cm deep and 50 cm wide and add a kilogram of rotted manure into them. The distance between the pits in a row should be 1 m, between the rows - 3 m.

Immediately before planting, the roots of the seedlings must be dipped in a mixture of equal parts of clay, humus and water. This is done to prevent them from drying out. Then the seedlings should be placed in the pits and sprinkle the roots with earth, compacting it at the same time. After this, the plants should be watered abundantly, and the soil around the seedlings should be sprinkled with dry earth and mulched with peat, sawdust or finely chopped straw. Planting is best done in the fall, before the onset of frost and freezing of the soil, or in early spring, until the buds have blossomed.

In order for the plants to better pollinate, it is necessary to plant several varieties of wild rose (2-3), alternating their rows. It is desirable to have at least one family of bees on the site, since these insects are the best pollinators for wild rose.

The rosehip has a strong root system, it grows quickly and can be used to strengthen the soil and control soil erosion (if the need arises).

Rosehip loves lit areas where there is a lot of sunlight. It will grow best in elevated places with fertile soil in which there is no stagnant groundwater. Rosehip roots go very deep into the ground, so do not plant it on swampy and lowland soil - it will quickly wither and die. In terms of the growth of the root system, wild rose is similar to raspberries: after a few years of plant life, its roots grow in the upper layers of the soil and begin to occupy vast areas. To prevent it from spreading, you need to enclose the bushes with a small ditch 20–30 cm deep or dig pieces of slate to the same depth.

Rose hips can be planted along the border of a personal plot (to protect it) or in separate bushes in the most inconvenient places: compost heap or next to an outbuilding.

Seedlings are planted in autumn and spring. Before planting, the site is prepared as usual. The distance between plants is 1.5–2 m. For planting, pits are dug with a diameter of 60 cm and a depth of 50 cm. The earth from the upper plant layer is mixed with 10–15 kg of organic fertilizers, 3 tbsp. spoons of superphosphate, 2 tbsp. spoons of potassium sulfate and 2 tbsp. spoons of urea. The prepared mixture is filled with a pit and a seedling is planted.

During the cultivation of wild rose when caring for shrubs for growing season carry out loosening of the soil, thinning of bushes, pruning of old, weak and broken shoots, root and foliar top dressing.

Root top dressing is carried out before and after flowering and after the full harvest of fruits: dilute 1 tbsp for 10 liters of water. spoons of urea, nitrophoska and 3 tbsp. spoons of liquid organic fertilizer "Effekton for berry crops". The consumption of the solution is 10–15 liters per bush.

The second root dressing is carried out immediately after flowering: 10 liters of water are diluted with 2 tbsp. spoons of "potassium humate" for fruit crops and 3 tbsp. spoons of liquid organic fertilizer "Effekton-2": up to 15 liters of solution are poured onto 1 bush.

The third dressing is the last: for 10 liters of water, 2 tbsp. spoons of superphosphate and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of potassium sulfate, consumption of 10 liters per 1 bush.

To increase the yield and quality of fruits when growing wild rose, foliar top dressing is carried out after flowering 3 times with an interval of 10 days: 2 tbsp. spoons of "potassium humate" universal.

Rose hips are harmed by green rose aphids, leafworms and spider mites. Rosehips are sprayed against these before flowering and after the fruits are fully harvested by natural means: they take 500 g of garlic, pass it through a meat grinder, then dilute this pulp in 8 liters of warm water, add 1 tbsp. a spoonful of tar or laundry soap and insist 5-6 hours, then filter and spray. This procedure is carried out before flowering, and after flowering, they are sprayed with garlic, they also take 500 g or more. effective drug Iskra DE (1 tablet per 10 liters of water).

Some types of wild rose are affected by rust. In this case, you need to sprinkle with Topaz: 1 ampoule (2 ml per 10 liters of water). From black spot, spray with 1% Bordeaux liquid or copper oxychloride (Hom) (20 g per 10 l of water) when signs of the disease appear.

You can see how to grow rose hips in the video below:

Varieties of wild rose: photo and description

Rose hips unite about 400 species, distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere. Especially a lot of it in the north of the European part of our country, in the Middle Volga region, Western and Eastern Siberia, in the Far East. The most pronounced medicinal properties of cinnamon rose hips (May) and wrinkled.

Recently, new varieties of wild rose have been created by the method of interspecific hybridization. They differ in larger size, yield and content of biologically active substances.

The most common and valuable are the following varieties:

Vitamin VNIVI, Anniversary, Large-fruited VNIVI, Vorontsovsky 1, 2, 3, Russian 2.

Anniversary

A variety of medium ripening, is a strong and powerful bush up to 1.5 m in height. The fruits of the plant are large, round-bulb, orange-red, sweet and sour in taste, rich in vitamin C.

See how beautiful the rosehip plant of this variety is during flowering - large pink flowers look just great on the bush:

The fruits are suitable for both jam and drying.

Oval

Medium maturity variety. Rosehip bush Oval grows small, the flowers are also not too large, white. The fruits are slightly flattened, red, with thick skin and sweet juicy pulp. The variety is frost-resistant, not susceptible to diseases, insects rarely damage the bushes. Berries are most suitable for processing, but are also suitable for drying.

the globe

The variety is a medium-sized shrub up to 1.5 m high with thick branches and large flowers. The fruits are spherical, bright red, characterized by a high content of vitamin C. There are so many of them that the shoots bend under their weight. Variety Globus refers to winter-hardy. This rosehip is suitable for making jam, jam and candied fruit.

Apple

Rosehip variety Apple usually does not grow above 1.2 m, however, it is not inferior to tall varieties in terms of yield. The flowers, like the fruits, are dark red. Rose hips of this variety are large and often grow in groups of 5-7 pieces. They have a flat-round shape and a sweet and sour taste. A bush with ripe fruits looks very elegant.

Vitamin VNIVI

An early variety of wild rose with large fruits and average maturity. The bush can grow up to 2 cm in height. The flowers are medium-sized, pale pink, collected in inflorescences. The fruits ripen red-orange in color, oval in shape.

When describing this rosehip variety, it is worth noting that it is disease resistant, tolerates frost well, and is rarely attacked by pests. However, it is worth taking note that the variety is not self-pollinated, which means that another rosehip bush of a different variety should grow nearby.

Vorontsovsky 1

The variety is an interspecific hybrid of the Webb rose and wrinkled rose. Oval-elongated fruits are not only high in vitamin C, but also in folic acid. Orange-red berries are good for drying. From an adult bush, you can harvest up to 3 kg of crop. Fruiting is long. A variety of medium ripening, relatively cold-resistant.

Titanium

Very effective variety with powerful shoots and large fruits. Rose hips of medium ripening. In height, the bush of the plant can reach 2 m, during flowering it becomes a real decoration of the garden. The Titan variety blooms very beautifully: delicate light pink flowers. Fruits are formed by brushes of 3-5 pieces. The variety is disease resistant and cold hardy. The fruits are best suited for drying.

Ruby

Rose hip early term maturation. Refers to vigorous varieties. Flowers small, delicate color pink. Orange berries of a round-oval shape become dark red when ripe. They have a sweet and sour taste and are good for drying.

rose cinnamon

It grows as a shrub up to 2 m high with thin brown-red shoots. Spikes are whitish, curved, more often arranged in pairs, the spines of the shoots are strong to weak.

The leaves are compound, pinnate, with 3-11 leaflets elliptical or ovate.

Flowers pink, solitary or 2-3 in an inflorescence. The fruits are orange-red, of different shapes.

Cinnamon rose is photophilous, grows well on the edges of forests, forest glades, floodplains and along their banks. The life expectancy of bushes is 20–25 years with the periodic replacement of individual branches, which grow old and die off by 4–5 years of age. Under natural conditions, cinnamon rose produces 1-3 kg of fruit per bush. The plant is winter-hardy.

rose wrinkled

Distributed everywhere. It forms well-developed bushes up to 1.5 m high. The branches are winding, covered with small, brush-like thorns.

The leaves are dark green, leathery and wrinkled, by the fall they acquire a beautiful lemon yellow color.

The flowers are dark purple, red, pink, white, up to 8 cm in diameter, very fragrant, bloom in May. Flowering continues until autumn.

Rose wrinkled - remontant plant. Its fruits ripen gradually, until autumn frosts in October, but most of them ripen within 20-30 days.

As you can see in the photo, the fruits of this dog rose are red-orange, fleshy, 2–4 cm in diameter, squeezed from the poles:

This plant is more productive than cinnamon rose. From one bush you can collect up to 3-4 kg of fruit.

When propagated by seeds, seedlings can vary greatly in yield and produce low-yielding forms, so selected forms or varieties should be used. The life span of plants is up to 20–25 years, with the periodic replacement of individual branches after 6–7 years.

dog rose

It is widely distributed in the Black Earth region. It grows in the form of a powerful spreading shrub with arched greenish or red-brown shoots, up to 1.5–3 m high. Its thorns are rare, hook-shaped. Leaflets are green, elliptical in shape, acutely serrate, 5–7 per leaf.

Pay attention to the photo of this rosehip variety - its flowers with pale pink petals are quite large, up to 8 cm in diameter:

Blooms in late May early June.

The fruits of this rose are oval-ovoid, red. They are medicinal raw materials for the production of holosas. They contain a lot of seeds and are not rich in vitamin C.

The bushes of this wild rose are very good to use for rootstock when propagating garden roses.

This plant is unpretentious, winter-hardy, least of all affected by diseases and pests.

Rose Webb

The birthplace of this wild rose is Central Asia. Represented by a bush with a height of 1–2 m. Its shoots are covered with straight spikes thickened at the base. The leaves consist of 7–9 leaflets, rounded, with serrated edges. The fruits are spherical, red, fleshy, rich in vitamin C. The species is winter-hardy and unpretentious.

rose lovely

The species is represented by a bush with a height of up to 2 m. Its flowers are pink, solitary or in the form of umbrellas, medium in size, up to 5 cm in diameter. It is a good honey plant and has excellent decorative qualities.

Look at the photo - wild rose bushes of this variety look great on alpine hills:

Rose needle

A shrub with a height of up to 2.5 m, the shoots of which are very densely covered with thin needle-like thorns. The flowers are small and medium, pink, pale pink, violet-pink, sometimes white. The fruits of this species are red-cherry in color and of various shapes: elliptical, pear-shaped, oblong and ovoid, spherical.

Rose rusty red

The species is represented by a bush, the young shoots of which are very densely covered with thorns of various sizes, they can be straight and curved. The flowers of this plant are bright pink in color, collected in dense corymbs. The fruits are orange-red. A distinctive feature of this rosehip is a strong aroma. fresh apples, which comes from the leaves, on the glandular hairs of the latter there are drops of fragrant resin.

rose apple

The species is represented by a rather tall shrub, with a height of up to 3 m. The leaves consist of oblong-oval leaflets. Flowers with a pink corolla. The fruits are quite large, almost the size of a wild apple, from which the species got its name.

Pay attention to the photo of this variety of wild rose - when its fruits ripen, they are yellow with toasty sides:

Rosa Daurskaya

The species is widespread in the Far East. It is represented by a short, highly branched shrub with a height of up to 1.5 m. Its shoots are covered with protruding, slightly curved thorns. Flowers of medium size, up to 4 cm in diameter, solitary or in inflorescences, pink or dark pink. The fruits are dark red, spherical-ovoid.

Rose Alpine View represented by a stunted bush with a growth height of not more than 1 m. distinguishing feature in that its shoots do not have any thorns, so the saying goes in vain that there is no rose without thorns. This wild rose grows in the mountains of Central Europe.

The photo of this type of wild rose shows that its fruits have an elongated spindle-shaped shape, are painted dark red, and look like earrings on the shoots:

rose french

The species is distributed in southern Europe, in the south of Ukraine and the European part of Russia. It is represented by a low-growing bush with a growth height of less than 1 m, with few branches, often forming entire thickets. It is the founder of many varieties of garden roses. The shoots are densely dotted with small spines and thorns. Flowers are large, bright red.

Here you can see a selection of photos of varieties and types of wild rose presented above:

The use of rose hips

Rosehip is a shrub from the pink family, which is popular with gardeners due to its external data and healing properties. This plant is widely used in medicine, and not only in folk medicine. Rose hips contain many vitamins and substances useful for the human body (ascorbic, malic, citric, linoleic, oleic and other acids, flavonoids, pectins, tannins, vitamins B1, B2, P, PP, A, K, E, iron salts, phosphorus, manganese, etc.).

For medicinal purposes, rose hips are best harvested in September. But it should be remembered that over time, the amount of vitamin C in berries decreases, and the amount of sugars increases. Moreover, this transformation is visible to the naked eye: the fruits begin to darken over time, especially autumn frosts and the first frosts contribute to this.

Rose hips are valuable ornamental shrubs suitable for single and group plantings, creations, borders.

Jam is made from petals of wild rose flowers, and raw materials for the perfume industry are obtained.

They are rootstocks for cultivars of roses. In medicine, rose hips are used as a vitamin raw material.

Rosehip is a wonderful honey plant, its beautiful and fragrant flowers attract many bees to the garden.

In autumn, rose hips will also decorate the site with bright fruits and foliage, in addition, its berries attract birds, which in turn will help you in the fight against pests in the garden and vegetable garden.

Pruning wild rose bushes (with photo and video)

In the first year after planting, rose hips are formed like ordinary roses. Remember that all types of wild rose need shaping and pruning, but almost no pruning is required. wrinkled and r. prickly. The shoot-forming ability of wild roses is high. In the first year of cultivation, young plants are heavily pruned, stimulating the mighty growth of basal shoots and the formation of a bush with shoots evenly spaced along the periphery of the crown. When pruning, weakly growing wild roses are pruned much more strongly than vigorously growing ones.

For almost all types of wild rose, thinning of the bushes is necessary after some time. To do this, almost all old branches are cut to the soil level and 5-6 healthy strong shoots are re-formed.

At the end of flowering, the rose hips shorten the shoots. In tall bushes with bare branches, each is cut to half the length. In the middle lane, it is best to do this in April.

Rose hips are pruned either in autumn, after leaf fall, or in spring, before bud break.

Formation is completed in the fourth year. After that, you can begin the annual pruning of unproductive branches, which are replaced by new ones formed from renewal shoots. When pruning, you should follow the basic rules, which boil down to the following:

1. Remove broken, heavily thickening bush and oppressed young branches.

2. Cut out low gains, unproductive obsolete branches, especially if they have a large number of withered fruit branches.

3. Cut off excess annual branches if they are not necessary to replace the old ones.

4. All branches frozen after the winter cold should be cut at soil level.

Watch the video "Pruning the wild rose" to better understand how to properly form a shrub:

Methods for propagating rose hips with seeds, seedlings and offspring (with video)

There are three ways to propagate wild rose: seeds, seedlings and root offspring.

Reproduction by seeds. It is advisable to collect seeds for planting in August, from unripe brown fruits. At this time, the seed coat has not yet had time to harden, so they will germinate better. The seeds themselves can be planted both in spring and autumn, but it is better in autumn period. Sprinkle rows with planted seeds with humus and sawdust. In early spring, in order for the seeds to germinate better, you need to install a frame with a plastic wrap. When the first two leaves appear on the seedlings, they can be seated.

The video of dogrose propagation by seeds shows how this agricultural technique is performed:

Propagation by seedlings. Rosehip seedlings take root best when autumn planting. It is desirable to plant them in October - November. Make a pit for planting with a depth of 20–22 cm. If the soil is acidic at the planting site, additionally apply lime fertilizers, add compost and rotted manure. Before planting, cut the seedlings short so that the thick branches are no more than 8-10 cm long. For better survival, root cuts can be made. To do this, shorten the roots to 15–20 cm. Then immerse the roots of the seedling in clay talker and plant, after straightening the roots, in a prepared hole. The neck of the rhizome of the seedling should be 5–8 cm below the level of the soil surface. After planting, water the seedling with water and sprinkle the surface with sawdust or peat.

Reproduction by root suckers. If you need to preserve the signs of the mother bush, another method of reproduction is useful - root offspring. It is necessary to harvest them from the healthiest and most productive bushes, in late autumn or early spring. This is usually done in two ways. In the first option, an offspring 25–40 cm high is selected and separated with a shovel from the mother bush. You can do this both in autumn and in spring. Using the second method, the adnexal bush is not separated, but periodically spud and watered. Due to this treatment, adventitious roots begin to form in the offspring bush. On the next year, in autumn, the bush is separated from the mother plant, but not transplanted, but left in place until spring. In the spring, it is transplanted to a new place, while trying not to damage the rhizomes of the seedling.

Description of the collection and drying of rose hips (with photo)

Rose hips are harvested only in dry weather so that the berries are not saturated with moisture. It is recommended to pluck them together with the stalk and calyx, which are easily disposed of after drying. It is advisable to stop your choice on finally ripened or somewhat overripe fruits. They are distinguished by bright orange, red-orange or red color. The ripening of various varieties of this plant occurs in late summer - early autumn. When describing the collection of rose hips, it is worth noting that by choosing the right time for harvesting, one can expect one hundred percent success when drying it. It is in ripe berries that the greatest amount of healing substances accumulate, and in dry form they acquire special flavor and sweet taste.

After the rosehip crop is harvested, it is prepared for drying. To do this, the berries are sorted and get rid of spoiled, rotten or affected by insects. The receptacle and stalks must be left, because without them, due to a break during drying, a considerable proportion of the juice will be lost.

Rose hips are carefully sorted out and washed with running water in a colander. It is advisable to do this even in cases where the crop was harvested outside the urban area: a lot of harmful inorganic substances located in rainwater, as well as dust settle on the berries everywhere. To dry the fruits in less time, they are first poured with hot water for twenty minutes. Many rosehip lovers even add a little sugar to this. As a result of this soaking, at the end of drying, the berries become much sweeter. Washed and peeled rose hips are dried from moisture in a well-ventilated area for about an hour. To speed up the drying process, wet berries are wiped with paper towels. Sometimes the berries are cut in half so that they dry out faster in the oven. And if there is time and desire, even before the wild rose is dried, it can be cleaned of all seeds. In such cases, after drying, the berries can be used not only for cooking medicinal tea but also as a filling for pies.

A very important point: during drying, the berries should not be exposed to direct sunlight, since in this case most of the vitamins are destroyed.

You can dry the berries in the oven. Prepared fruits in one layer are laid out on a baking sheet or a special grill. Well, if they do not touch each other. A baking sheet with fruits is placed in the oven, which must initially be cold. Indeed, otherwise, the rosehip berries may lose a large amount of juice and become covered with a too hard shell, which, during the drying process, will not allow moisture to escape. As a result, the fruits will be raw inside and may rot in storage. It is also important to know that the temperature in the oven should increase gradually - starting from room temperature and reaching sixty degrees. The preservation of useful properties in berries depends on this, and on a sharp change temperature regime they are destroyed. The total drying time of the fruits in the oven lasts about eight hours, depending on the size of the fruits and the thickness of the shell: small ones will reach the condition faster. Since the rosehip is dried for a long time, it must be constantly stirred for uniform drying. In the oven
Have necessarily must be air circulation, to leave moisture. To do this, open the oven door. It is best when the oven is already equipped with a convection function. But if it is missing, you can put a fan near the oven door.

Rosehip, the species of which we want to consider in our article, is a close relative of the garden rose. In addition, this beautiful bush covered with fragrant is a source of healing and beneficial fruits. The berries of the plant are so rich in vitamin C that even lemons and apples overtake this indicator.

Why is rosehip popular?

It would seem, who is interested in rose hips now, when thousands of the most beautiful varieties of roses with the most incredible colors, bud shapes and aroma have been created? Nevertheless, their wild ancestors still remained quite popular among gardeners. Although it should be noted that wild varieties are more respected by professional designers. And the reason lies in the fact that all types of wild rose have some advantages over noble descendants. First, the bushes retain their shape throughout the season. In addition, many types of wild rose (we will give photos and names below in the article) begin to bloom early and very strongly, and in the autumn they are beautifully decorated with bright fruits that can still be used as food or left for bird feed.

From a design point of view, wild rose bushes are more plastic, so they can be used as hedges, for down trees. Some types of wild rose have such an interesting and peculiar appearance that they are used in solitary plantations. There is an opinion that the bushes are completely unpretentious and do not need care. However, this is a big misconception. Rosehip, varieties and species of which are quite numerous, can freeze in winter and suffer from short thaws, get wet in damp summer period. Therefore, it cannot be said that wild roses are completely unpretentious.

The purpose of our article is to talk about what kind of rosehip plant is. The types of this culture are so numerous and diverse that you certainly want to tell about them. Meanwhile, many do not even know about the variety of varieties, believing that the bushes along the country roads are the same dog rose, in fact, not very beautiful. As part of our article, we want to tell you about what types of wild rose (with photographs) exist.

rose wrinkled

Perhaps the most popular among wild varieties. Her homeland is the Far East. The plant is characterized by a rather compact form of a bush, the growth of which does not exceed one and a half meters. Rose hips got such an interesting name due to large dark green leaves. Their shiny surface is indented with a large number of veins. There are so many leaves on the bush that under them you can’t even see the branches, on which there are many prickly thorns.

Rosehip: types and varieties, photo

The variety of wild roses is great. Each dog rose (we will list the types in the article) has its own characteristics. For example, wrinkled rose is characterized by a long flowering period: from June to autumn. She, like most wild plants of this species, pink flowers with a pleasant delicate aroma, arranged singly or in small groups.

In addition to this most common form in horticulture, there are many others that differ in height and shape of the bush, size and shade of flowers. Nevertheless, all species have a lot of similarities. For example, they all have erect bushes that are completely covered with recognizable "wrinkled" leaves. The following types of wild rose are very popular in landscaping (with the photographs presented in the article, it will be easier for you to navigate the varieties of plants): raspberry terry variety, white terry, an old form with red-violet large flowers, a low variety with dark pink flowers that brighten with time.

Currently, there are a large number of hybrid forms that are part of the collection. The most interesting of them is the group of carnation forms. They have small double flowers with serrated petals, collected in dense inflorescences. In this group there are raspberry, pink and white varieties.

Currently, Canadian wrinkled rose hybrids have become very popular, among them there are ground cover varieties that are often used to decorate slopes and garden paths. However, one significant nuance should be borne in mind: the more decorative the variety is bred, the less frost-resistant it becomes. It turns out that the wild rose. The species of which we previously mentioned (wrinkled rose and its most simple shapes), are the least whimsical, and therefore more adapted to the various surprises of nature in our latitudes.

Thigh-leaved (prickly) rose

Considering such a topic as wild rose, species and varieties (photos are given in the article) of this plant, you should definitely remember the femoral (spiny) rose. This is a very famous and widespread variety. Outwardly, it is a sprawling shrub with small beautiful leaves and pale yellow or white flowers that have a very strong aroma. Such plants bloom very abundantly, but not for long, as a rule, no more than three weeks. But their fruits have an unusual black color.

This variety of wild roses is very variable, the height of the bushes can vary from one to two meters. Coloring of flowers can also be, as well as pink. It is roses that are very popular in Scotland and England. It was in these parts that several hundred different varieties were bred. Among them there are terry, variegated, bicolor species.

This hybrid group is known throughout the world under the name Scottish roses. In our latitudes, the terry species is most common, the height of which is about two meters. It has one interesting feature: if you once planted this type of wild rose, then in the future you are unlikely to be able to get rid of it. Bushes throw underground shoots over considerable distances. And a small piece of the root, remaining in the ground, continues to germinate further. Therefore, it is very difficult to uproot such a rose, and it is also impossible to keep it from spreading throughout the site. For this reason, the femoral-leaved variety is planted in places where you can not worry about its "sabotage". At the same time, this kind of wild rose has its own advantages: frost resistance, drought resistance, the possibility of excellent strengthening of the slopes.

Rose gray (red-leaved)

In recent years, the gray rose (red-leaved) has gained popularity - this is a miniature European bush, whose height is not more than two meters. The branches of the plant have a red-brown hue, they have practically no prickly thorns. The leaves have a bluish-green tint with a reddish tint.

It is this unusual coloring that makes this species so attractive for use in landscape design, since the plant looks advantageous even in the absence of flowers. It can be combined with yellow leaf decorative forms, which will give brightness to the flower garden. Rose gray blooms with small pink flowers in early summer. The plant does not give offspring at all and does not freeze in the winter.

rose brilliant

A small American wild rose, brilliant rose, sometimes appears in our catalogs. The bush has a compact form with thin brown twigs, which are dotted with a continuous bristle of prickly thorns. The plant does not grow more than one meter in height. Rosehip leaves are small, but shiny, and by autumn they turn red. Flowers have a bright pink color (up to five centimeters in diameter), they bloom in June and delight with beauty for about a month. There is also a similar plant variety called Caroline rose (low rose), which has dull foliage. These miniature varieties are frost resistant. They are used, as a rule, to form low decorative hedges.

rose lovely

The lovely rose is another representative of the American wild rose. It has more impressive dimensions (up to two meters in height). Special decorative look it does not have, but it is reliable and easy to maintain. Bushes have a large amount of foliage, bloom with large pink flowers from May to June. The plant is perfect for decoration of decorative hedges.

dog rose

In the middle lane, different types are very common that are actively used in ornamental gardening. They have sprawling powerful shrubs up to three meters high with green trunks and hooked prickly thorns. The plants are covered with many green leaves. In June, wild rose blooms with white and light pink flowers, collected in brushes of three to five pieces.

Used as a rootstock for varietal roses. It gives a huge number of underground offspring, spreading across the territory. In the winter months, it is very susceptible to freezing, but it recovers very quickly. The culture does not like winter thaws, as they negatively affect it, so it is better to plant a rose in sunny, drained areas. The dog rose will require a lot of space for itself, in addition, it is very prickly, and therefore the best place to plant it is the far corner of the site. The plant is great for making hedges.

Rosehip: species used in medicine

Rosehip belongs to the species of especially valuable multivitamin plants, which are a source of carotenoids, P-active compounds, ascorbic acid. Different types of wild rose are so common in the middle lane that there are about a hundred of them. Among them there are even endemic species for certain areas. The most common and well-known are brown and May. Thirteen species are included in the pharmacopoeia, which are the most valuable for use in the preparation of medicines. In general, the description of the type of wild rose would not be complete without mentioning its useful and medicinal properties.

An interesting fact is that in Ancient Russia rosehip was not as common as it is now. Therefore, it was a medicine not available to all people. In the sixteenth century, special expeditions were even created with archers who harvested various types of rose hips. The found berries were kept under strict control in the Kremlin Aptekarsky order, and they were issued only by order of the tsar.

At present, the wild rose is the most common. It is the most commonly used in traditional medicine. This perennial plant grows up to two meters and does not require any maintenance. special medicinal value represent precisely the rose hips that ripen in August. They are bright orange or red in color. Inside them are hairy fruits in the form of nuts.

Useful properties of wild rose

Rosehip May plays an important role in medicine. Dried fruits, as well as preparations based on them, have antioxidant, immunomodulatory, wound healing, choleretic, astringent, tonic properties, which contributes to their widespread use. Well-dried fruits have a red-brown or yellow color. Rosehip extract is also often used as a regenerating and vitamin remedy for recovery from an illness.

What are the uses of rose hips in medicine?

Rosehip brown is used both in scientific and alternative medicine.

First of all, the high content of vitamin C is valued in rose hips. Rosehip dry extract includes a powerful vitamin complex, as well as biologically active substances. It is used to treat heart problems, urinary tract diseases and digestive system, with colds.

As for traditional medicine, not only fruits are harvested here, but also flowers and branches of the plant. Infusions are prepared from dry rose hips, and decoctions are prepared from twigs and roots. Seed oil heals wounds and ulcers well.

Dogrose got its name from the fact that it was previously used in the treatment of dog bites. Currently, it is used only in folk medicine for the treatment of the digestive tract, vascular and cardiac systems, as well as urolithiasis. Oil containing vitamins E and A is obtained from the seeds of the plant. Colds and metabolic disorders are treated with preparations based on this plant.

The wild rose grows in the north of Russia, in China, Japan and the Far East. It differs from other varieties in more miniature sizes. used in official medicine as a raw material for the manufacture of drugs. The fruits of the plant contain vitamins, carotene, flavonoids, etc. Essential oil is made from flower petals. But the roots are used in folk methods treatment.

Rosehip Duar grows in the Far East. Absolutely all parts of the plant are harvested as medicinal raw materials. Special attention given to fruits containing ascorbic acid. This type of rosehip is used for a number of diseases, but the main indicator of its use is beriberi.

As we could see, with all the variety of rosehip species, there are varieties whose fruits are colored black or brown. The amount of vitamin C in them is very low, because these varieties are not used in medicinal purposes.

Instead of an afterword

Rosehip is an amazing plant that is currently widely used for landscaping and landscape design plots. It has long been used by people for medicinal purposes, and such a medicine was highly valued and was not available to mere mortals. Many centuries have passed since then, but the medicinal characteristics of the plant are still widely used not only in folk medicine, but also for the manufacture of medicines of classical science. According to the content of vitamin C, rosehip is ahead of even lemon, for this reason, the fruits of the plant are used to increase immunity.

I would like to note right away that the age of certain species of such a plant reaches 400 years. It is the ancestor of all types of cultivated roses.

You can learn about this amazing, elegant, unpretentious plant, about its places of growth, about its benefits and much more by reading this article. Here you can also learn about how to propagate decorative wild rose and how to care for it.

A shrub with bright numerous flowers is a genus of wild plants from. As a rule, it is grown in gardens as a quality and for obtaining fruits with excellent beneficial properties.

Decorative wild rose: photo, description

The flower has many cultural forms that are bred with the name rose. It is valued for the beauty of the bush and the abundance of flowers and greenery. Among other things, wild roses are much more unpretentious than magnificent exquisite park roses.

Under natural conditions, they prefer warm temperate climate Northern earth hemisphere.

For the most part, these are shrubs, having a 2-meter height with slightly drooping branches. There are also species with rather long branches clinging to neighboring plants, or with creeping shoots along the ground. There are wild roses in the form of low but dense pillow bushes, very attractive and decorative during their flowering.

The plant got its name due to the presence of sharp and strong thorns on it, capable of causing certain troubles to any living creature.

Rose hips bloom from May to July, and its berries ripen in August-September, and the last fruits can remain on the bushes even until winter.

Large flowers, mostly solitary, have a size of 5 centimeters in diameter. The corolla usually contains five white, pink or dark red petals. There are also a huge number of stamens and pistils.

Toward evening, the flowers on the bushes fold their petals, and by morning they open again, and almost always at the same time. It should be noted that K. Linnaeus (Swedish botanist) included rose hips in the list of plants by which you can find out the time of day.

Rosehip branches studded with original berries look good in autumn flower arrangements and in dry bouquets. No wonder it is called a decorative dog rose.

Can you eat it? We will answer this question below.

Fruits: use

Spherical or egg-shaped fruits are usually orange or red, fleshy, containing a large number of small seeds (fruitlets). The inner part of the walls of the fruit is covered with small hairs, and the sepals remain on the upper surface.

Rosehip ornamental begins to bear fruit from about 3 years of age (sometimes from 2 years), and this plant has the most abundant harvest at the age of about 10-12 years. The fruits are usually dried, and in winter they brew and drink 1-2 glasses a day as a good vitamin drink. Also, the fruits can be used to make jam, marmalade and compotes. Rose hips are also good in the form of mashed potatoes and syrups.

Legend

There is one well-known and widespread among the Cossacks of the Kuban curious legend.

One young Cossack woman, who lived in ancient times, fell in love with a brave, beautiful young man. Their love was mutual. And they swore allegiance to each other for the rest of their lives. But the ataman of the village, who also liked the young Cossack woman for a long time, sent that young man to military service. At parting, the beloved gave the girl his faithful and reliable dagger. After seeing him off, the chieftain began to force the girl who was left without a betrothed to marry him. And yet the wedding did not take place due to the fact that the bride ran out into the courtyard right from the festive table and there stabbed herself with a dagger given to her by her beloved. At the place where the scarlet drops of blood fell, it grew surprisingly beautiful shrub with bright colors. The chieftain, who saw this beautiful plant, wanted to pick the flower he liked. But suddenly the whole bush bristled with very sharp thorns. He pricked all his hands so that he could not pick a single flower.

In autumn, the bush is covered with bright beautiful fruits. Somehow, an ailing old woman stopped near him and suddenly heard a barely audible voice that said: "Pick my berries, grandmother, and make tea with them. Do not be afraid of sharp thorns, as they are intended for unkind people." Grandmother obeyed, picked up the fruits and, having prepared an infusion from them, drank it. Immediately, she felt as if she had looked ten years younger at once. Since then, all people began to use the magical miraculous rose hips for medicinal purposes.

Places of growth

Only in Russia, botanists have identified more than 8 species of this plant. Prickly, surprisingly elegant bushes are found almost throughout the country. The only exception is the Far North.

Rosehip is a rather light-loving plant, therefore, in nature, it prefers open edges, edges of forest paths and roads, river and lake shores, thickets of shrubs and mountain slopes. Often its thickets, forming huge clumps, penetrate into settlements. Often they coexist with elderberry.

Types of roses often grown for decorative purposes are wrinkled rose hips (or virgin roses. Musk has taken root and is well distributed in Europe. All of them are decorative rose hips. Their varieties are discussed below.

The most common varieties

All wild roses and wild roses bear fruits of different shades: bright red, orange, purple, brown and almost black berries. However, not all of them are of equal quality.

Below are the most valuable (in terms of the content of useful substances) berries of the following rosehip varieties:

May, or cinnamon, which is the most common species that grows in central Russia. Individual bushes of this wild rose are found in forest glades and clearings. When grown in the garden, it is very unpretentious to any soil conditions. Typically, these species have high winter hardiness and excellent resistance to various diseases.

The prickly rose is also a decorative dog rose, which is often bred in city squares and front gardens. The bush is undersized, its branches are densely covered with thorns. During the flowering period, the plant is completely covered with fragrant snow-white flowers.

Rose dog, or - almost universally used as hedge. Light pink fragrant flowers bloom in June, and in autumn the branches are decorated with beautiful orange-red fruits. This species has rather tall and sprawling bushes up to 2.5-3 meters and a powerful root system. This wild rose is decorative, unpretentious, winter-hardy and disease-resistant.

French rosehip - the ancestor vintage roses garden ones, including the medieval pharmacy rose, famous in Europe. This species grows in Southern Europe, in the Crimea and in the European part of Russia. Small-branched, low-growing shrubs are less than one meter high and often form dense thickets. Large flowers of this species have a magnificent bright red color.

yellow rosehip

This unusual decorative wild rose with yellow flowers(photo below) grows in the Tien Shan, Pamir-Alai and Asia Minor. It grows, as a rule, in the mountains.

This plant is a very tall shrub (about 3 meters), with thin, long, often with arched, shiny, climbing brown-red shoots. All of them are densely covered with sharp straight spines, which alternate with small setae.

The odd-pinnate leaves of 5-9 ovate leaflets are up to 4 cm long. They are bluish-green in color from above, and pubescent bluish below. Terry flowers are usually solitary, rarely found in 2-3 pieces, up to 7 centimeters in diameter. Their color is yellow, inside it is reddish-red. Red fruits are spherical in shape.

This dog rose has not very good salient feature: its flowers emit an unpleasant odor, as well as leaves.

What is important in caring for this plant?

The main work on growing this bush is as follows: loosening the soil, fertilizing, weed control, watering and pruning. Being unpretentious, the plant still bears fruit well on soils saturated with nutrients and well crafted. Timely removal of old shoots contributes to a good restoration of the bush and a longer preservation of a beautiful decorative appearance.

Pruning of decorative wild rose is carried out before the start of growth only once a year (in early spring). It should be noted that a bush is considered more productive if it has shoots of different ages.

How do plants reproduce?

How is ornamental rosehip grown? Reproduction is mostly carried out with the help of root shoots, as well as layering, seeds and green or root cuttings.

The most common and easiest way is reproduction by offspring. To do this, they should be harvested in the fall, choosing them from the most productive bushes. Moreover, the length of the rhizome part on the offspring should be approximately 15 centimeters, and on the aerial part there should be a stump no larger than 5 cm in size. These offspring can be planted immediately in a permanent place, without any growing.

There is another way to grow decorative wild rose - seed propagation. To do this, it is necessary to collect ripe ones that have already begun to wrinkle, and put them in pots filled with moistened soil. After closing them, leave them outside for the winter period to ensure the impact on the fruits low temperatures to ensure successful seed germination. After frosts, you should pull the berries out of the pots, separate the seeds and use the water in the vessel to check them for germination. Instances that have drowned can be sown in boxes and grown in a cold greenhouse.

More about propagation by cuttings

What other way can be suggested to propagate decorative wild rose? Propagation by cuttings is convenient precisely during the autumn planting of this crop (in October-November). The landing pit should be about 0.2 meters deep. Rose hips do not respond well to acidic soil, and therefore liming the soil is necessary. You can add both compost and rotted manure to the pit.

More experienced gardeners recommend cutting rosehip seedlings short enough before planting (the length of thick branches should not exceed 0.1 meters). And the roots can be shortened to 0.2 meters, since the cuts on the roots contribute to the good survival of the plant.

After all these manipulations, the root system should be dipped in a clay mass, and then gently straightened. It should be planted so that the root collar is about 5 cm deep. Be sure to water the seedling and mulch it with sawdust and peat.

Pay attention to the gaps between adjacent seedlings. A living decorative hedge can be obtained with a distance between plants of 0.5 meters. Increasing the distance to 1 meter contributes to the growth of productivity.

What is useful rosehip?

Not only decoration in the gardens is a decorative wild rose. Its beneficial properties are known to many. Rosehip is valuable for its fruits, which are excellent natural medicine and tasty, healthy nutritional supplement.

Rosehip berries contain many vitamins and minerals necessary for the human body: rutin, carotene, iron, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, organic acids and antioxidants.

The use of wild rose in food helps to strengthen the immune system, increases the body's resistance to harmful bacteria and slows down the aging process.

Conclusion

Beautiful non-capricious wild roses gave rise to a huge number of species (more than 200) of amazingly beautiful roses that have been growing on Earth since ancient times (about 40 million years). These plants in their aroma and beauty are almost not inferior to cultivated varieties. They are widely used in landscape design.

Among the huge variety of ornamental plants, it is wild roses and their hybrids that are widely popular and especially loved by flower growers: standard and bush roses - for flower beds, especially in the foreground in planting groups with other flowers; climbing species - for original vertical gardening.

Different flowering periods of the plant and a variety of colors allow you to create fantastic decorative compositions from wild roses and roses.

You can talk about these amazing flowers for a long time. It should be remembered that ancient legends were invented not about a rose, but about a rosehip bush. Yes, and on the English royal coat of arms, preserved from the medieval times of the White and Scarlet roses, is not a garden rose, but a flower of an ordinary dog ​​rose.

Cherry tomatoes differ from their large counterparts not only in the small size of the berries. Many varieties of cherry are characterized by a unique sweet taste, which is very different from the classic tomato. Anyone who has never tasted such cherry tomatoes with their eyes closed may well decide that they are tasting some unusual exotic fruits. In this article, I will talk about five different cherry tomatoes that have the sweetest fruits of unusual colors.

Salad with spicy chicken, mushrooms, cheese and grapes - fragrant and satisfying. This dish can be served as a main dish if you are preparing a cold dinner. Cheese, nuts, mayonnaise are high-calorie foods, combined with spicy fried chicken and mushrooms, you get a very nutritious snack that is refreshed by sweet and sour grapes. The chicken fillet in this recipe is marinated in a spicy mixture of ground cinnamon, turmeric and chili powder. If you like food with a spark, use hot chili.

The question of how to grow healthy seedlings is a concern for all summer residents in early spring. It seems that there are no secrets here - the main thing for fast and strong seedlings is to provide them with warmth, moisture and light. But in practice, in a city apartment or a private house, this is not so easy to do. Of course, every experienced gardener has his own proven way of growing seedlings. But today we will talk about a relatively new assistant in this matter - the propagator.

Task indoor plants in the house - decorate your home with your appearance, create a special atmosphere of comfort. For this we are ready to take care of them regularly. Care is not only watering on time, although this is also important. It is necessary to create other conditions: suitable lighting, humidity and air temperature, make the correct and timely transplant. For experienced flower growers, there is nothing supernatural in this. But beginners often face certain difficulties.

Delicate chicken breast cutlets with champignons are easy to prepare according to this recipe with step by step photos. There is an opinion that it is difficult to cook juicy and tender cutlets from chicken breast, this is not so! Chicken meat contains practically no fat, which is why it is dry. But, if you add cream, white bread and mushrooms with onions to the chicken fillet, you get awesome tasty cutlets that both children and adults will like. In the mushroom season, try adding forest mushrooms to the minced meat.

Beautiful garden, blooming throughout the season, it is impossible to imagine without perennials. These flowers do not require such attention as annuals, are frost-resistant, and only sometimes need a little shelter for the winter. Different types of perennials do not bloom at the same time, and the duration of their flowering can vary from one week to 1.5–2 months. In this article, we suggest recalling the most beautiful and unpretentious perennial flowers.

Get from the garden fresh, environmentally friendly and fragrant vegetables all gardeners aspire. Relatives happily accept homemade dishes from their potatoes, tomatoes and salads. But there is a way to showcase your culinary prowess to even greater effect. To do this, it is worth trying to grow a few fragrant plants that will give your dishes new tastes and aromas. What greens in the garden can be considered the best from the point of view of a culinary specialist?

Radish salad with egg and mayonnaise, which I made from Chinese radish. This radish is often called Loba radish in our stores. Outside, the vegetable is covered with a light green peel, and in the cut it turned out to be pink flesh that looks exotic. It was decided, when cooking, to focus on the smell and taste of the vegetable, and make a traditional salad. It turned out very tasty, we didn’t catch any “nutty” notes, but it was nice to eat a light spring salad in winter.

Graceful perfection of radiant white flowers on tall pedicels and huge brilliant dark leaves eucharis give it the appearance of a classic star. In room culture, this is one of the most famous bulbs. Few plants cause so much controversy. In some, eucharis bloom and delight completely effortlessly, in others for many years they do not release more than two leaves and seem stunted. Amazon lily is very difficult to classify as unpretentious plants.

Kefir Pizza Pancakes are delicious pancakes with mushrooms, olives and mortadella that are easy to make in less than half an hour. There is not always time to cook yeast dough and turn on the oven, and sometimes you want to eat a slice of pizza without leaving your home. In order not to go to the nearest pizzeria, wise housewives came up with this recipe. Fritters like pizza - great idea for a quick dinner or breakfast. As a filling we use sausage, cheese, olives, tomatoes, mushrooms.

Growing vegetables at home is quite a feasible task. The main thing is desire and a little patience. Most greens and vegetables can be successfully grown on an urban balcony or kitchen window sill. There are advantages here compared to growing in open field: in such conditions, your plants are protected from low temperatures, many diseases and pests. And if your loggia or balcony is glazed and insulated, then you can grow vegetables almost all year round.

We grow many vegetable and flower crops in seedlings, which allows us to get more early harvest. But create ideal conditions very difficult: lack of sunlight for plants, dry air, drafts, untimely watering, soil and seeds may initially contain pathogenic microorganisms. These and other reasons often lead to depletion, and sometimes to the death of young seedlings, because it is most sensitive to adverse factors.

Thanks to the efforts of breeders, the assortment of coniferous perennials has recently been replenished with a number of unusual varieties with yellow needles. It seems that the most original ideas that landscape designers have so far failed to bring to life were just waiting in the wings. And from all this variety of yellow-coniferous plants, you can always choose the species and varieties that are best suited for the site. We will talk about the most interesting of them in the article.

Chocolate truffles with whiskey - homemade dark chocolate truffles. In my opinion, this is one of the simplest and most delicious homemade desserts for adults, unfortunately, the younger generation can only lick their lips on the sidelines, these sweets are not for kids. Truffles are made with different fillings, stuffed with nuts, candied fruits or dried fruits. Roll in biscuit, sand or nut crumbs. You can make a whole box of assorted homemade sweets based on this recipe!