How to grow garden strawberries at home. Growing strawberries at home - a good harvest all year round

Do you want to enjoy strawberries yourself all year round and have them for sale? It's easy - you just need to know the secrets of growing this diet food product indoors!

Home conditions help to increase the duration of the period of full development of strawberries, turning winter outside the window into summer under the roof. It should be emphasized that the presence in the rooms of pots and flowerpots, hanging planters or balcony boxes, vertical containers, plastic bags give the room an elegant decorative look.

Home conditions help to increase the duration of the period of full development of strawberries, turning winter outside the window into summer under the roof.

Not only benefits, but also beauty - this is an additional benefit from growing strawberries all year round on a balcony, window sill or wall. Usage remontant varieties neutral daylight strawberries ensures regular fruiting, provided that the illumination is provided by fluorescent gas discharge lamps. Their spectrum composition is not much different from sunlight. With the right choice of cultivation technology and good care you can get up to 5 strawberry crops during the year.

Selection of strawberry varieties for year-round cultivation

The preference for home grown strawberry varieties should be approached with special attention. It is necessary that they all be remontant (within 40-45 days they form inflorescences, ovaries and berries) and high-yielding. Dutch technology requires varieties that can be stored for a long time without losing their attractive qualities. Dutch seedling Frigo (Frigo) is very popular. It is able to give a bountiful harvest even after 7-10 months of cold storage. Also, high-yielding dutch varieties: Gloom, Polka, Darslek, Sonata, Marmolada, Tribute, Maria and others, which can also be stored in a dormant state for a long time.

For the usual technology of growing strawberries, without frequent replacement of seedlings, it is recommended to use the Queen Elizabeth 2 variety, which is famous not only for its high yield, but also for its ability to form berry ovaries 2–4 more times after the first harvest. An important note - you need to choose self-pollinated varieties, otherwise the difficulties in caring for strawberries will be added.

Growing strawberries at home

The harvest of strawberries depends on the application of biological technologies. It is they, first of all, who form all the conditions that allow year-round cultivation of strawberries with healthy, environmentally friendly berries.

In the absence of experience in growing any plants in an apartment, it is better to first start growing strawberries only for your own needs. But if it works out, you like it, you will like it - then you can think about the strawberry business. First you need to decide on the place where the juicy berries will grow. For them, a room wall, an insulated balcony or loggia, a window sill are suitable. Let's not forget about the advantages of closed ground:

• much less space is required for growing plants;
• no dependency on the weather outside.

Growing strawberries all year round at home should begin with a step-by-step and detailed methodology that will help create all the conditions for rich harvests. To make year-round strawberry cultivation a reality, you need:

• desire to do business;
• create the necessary conditions;
• apply special technologies.

No need to reinvent the wheel, you just need to start getting acquainted with the experience of people who really achieve high yields strawberries all year round practical guide below for you.

Strawberry seedlings planted in compact greenhouses using Dutch technology give excellent results. Its essence is simple.

Strawberry seedlings planted in compact greenhouses using Dutch technology give excellent results.

Otherwise, this technology of growing strawberries all year round is called distillation. Harvesting of berries is made possible by the constant planting of new seedling bushes every 30-45 days. Old seedlings are usually discarded. This technology imposes special requirements on the soil - it must be sterile without microorganisms and weeds- to lighting, watering and top dressing, strawberry varieties used. Dutch technology can equally be applied to the cultivation of strawberries on steep and horizontal surfaces. Advantages of the Dutch technology:

• seedlings can be planted in any containers: plastic bags, clay pots, wooden and plastic boxes, pallets and containers;
• the ability to grow strawberries on a balcony, wall, window sill, garage;
• berries are harvested every 1.5-2 months, which allows using this technique for business;
• the greatest efforts and costs are needed only at the initial stage.

Once, having launched a year-round production of growing strawberries at home, in the future it can only be maintained in working condition, spending little effort.

For this method, you do not need to harvest seedlings for future use. It is enough to plant varieties that are capable of producing several crops per season under good conditions. Their distinctive feature is to form ovaries of berries, regardless of the length of daylight hours. This method is best for growing strawberries all year round for your family's table. For this technology, pots, boxes, containers are considered the best containers. They will have enough space on the windowsill, loggia, or on the slopes of the windows.

Technology for growing varieties of neutral daylight hours

The main difference between this method and the Dutch technology is that seedlings are used for a year, and not for one or one and a half months. Otherwise, agricultural practices for care, feeding, watering, artificial pollination with all technologies are similar to each other.

Modern technologies greatly simplify the cultivation of many vegetables, herbs and berries at home. There is a wall-mounted economical FazendaGreen system, which is designed for year-round harvesting of an environmentally friendly strawberry crop. The FazendaGreen module consists of a wall-mounted shelf with 7 special pots on three shelves. On top there is a phytolamp with an ideal light spectrum for strawberry vegetation. Also in the upper part of the structure there is a container designed for 5 liters of water, and special system glaze.

Using ready-made automated systems for growing strawberries at home

Water flows down and flows to each of the 21 pots evenly, which creates the ideal microclimate for the growth and development of strawberry seedlings. There is a special sensor that automatically monitors lighting, temperature, amount of fertilizer and soil moisture. In case of deviations from the norm, he sends SMS to the owner's smartphone. The size of the whole structure is 1040x670 mm, and one portion of water is enough for 7 days of irrigation. This installation allows you to grow 6 kg of strawberries per month. There are a lot of materials on the Internet on the topic: strawberries all year round, grown according to Dutch technology.

Rules for growing strawberries in the house

To create good conditions in the apartment for the cultivation of strawberry seedlings, you need to know your preferences useful berry. Strawberry likes:

• abundance of light - the duration of daylight hours cannot be less than 14 hours;
• fresh light breeze - you need systematic ventilation of the room with the help of a window;
• comfortable temperature plus 18-22o C.

To create good conditions in the apartment for the cultivation of strawberry seedlings, you need to know the addictions of healthy berries.

To create specific favorable conditions for strawberry seedlings, it begins with the choice of a place (it is desirable that it has as much sunlight as possible). A good option is to place strawberry seedlings near the window. But, if you use fitolamps, strawberries can be grown in a warm but dark garage. Illumination is needed anyway. Practice has proven that daylight hours at 16 hours significantly accelerated the growth and fruiting of plants, and a day at 10 hours - all stages of growth and development of strawberry seedlings - lengthened.

Any containers can be used as dishes for seedlings. But, in the apartment it is not advisable to use plastic bags. It is good to use them in greenhouses where an optimal microclimate is maintained: uniform lighting, comfortable temperature and required humidity. At home, such conditions are difficult to achieve. For an apartment, pots, boxes, various containers are a good option. They are beneficial because they can easily organize the collection of excess water from irrigation. To do this, it is enough to put a pallet under them.

Instead of the usual soil, a special substrate is used, which consists of a mixture of disinfected high-moor semi-decomposed peat without weed seeds and microbes with various additives: perlite (to improve aeration), coconut fiber and mineral fertilizers(potassium chloride and superphosphate). But you can get by with improvised additives.

Instead of the usual soil, a special substrate is used

Here is an example of a homemade substrate. For 10 kg of peat, 2 or 3 tablespoons of dolomite flour are added (you can replace 200 gr. wood ash). All ingredients are thoroughly mixed. For storage, this mixture is poured into a plastic bag and poured from an old kettle with a specially prepared solution. Half a teaspoon is diluted in three liters of water blue vitriol and 200 ml of liquid mullein. Just before use, peat is mixed with 2 kg of small sawdust, previously moistened with a solution of urea (1/3 tablespoon of urea is diluted in 0.5 liter of water). A small amount (1/10 of the total volume) of coarse-grained river sand is also added.

With the Dutch technology of growing seedlings, a lot will be required. Therefore, you immediately need to decide the question: when and how to grow it? Where and how to store? If you have a garden and you are cultivating strawberries in the open field, you can grow seedlings yourself in summer months. To do this, strong, well-developed rosettes are selected in June and July and planted in peat containers. Varieties should be remontant (that is, yielding crops immediately a month and a half after transplanting into closed ground) and self-pollinated. If you don’t have your own plot, you will have to buy seedlings in specialized stores. She is not cheap.

If you have a vegetable garden and are into outdoor strawberry cultivation, you can grow your own seedlings during the summer months.

For storage for the winter in a cold way, strong rosettes are selected, in which 3-4 leaves have appeared. The thickness of the root neck should be at least 5 or 6 cm. The length of the root lobe is not more than 5 cm. Seedlings are neatly laid out in plastic or wooden boxes, the bottom of which is covered with wet moss. Top boxes must be closed with a lid. Seedlings are stored in the refrigerator: temperature - +1 or +2 degrees; humidity - 90%. In such conditions, it can be saved from 1.5 to 10 months.

You can grow seedlings yourself from seeds that are bought in stores for summer residents. This method takes time, effort and patience. Planting strawberry seedlings is done in plastic bags according to a checkerboard pattern: 25x25 cm into cut holes at an angle of 40 degrees.

strawberry care

To get a rich harvest of strawberries, you need to take care of it. Care is proper lighting, timely top dressing and watering. Additional lighting with fluorescent lamps is needed to extend daylight hours up to 14 hours. Watering and fertilizing is done using a drip system. It is this irrigation system that provides the optimal microclimate and best conditions for strawberry development. If the substrate has been prepared correctly and healthy strong seedlings are used, there should be no pest and disease control at home.

How to increase the yield of strawberries at home

Strawberries are very responsive to top dressing, moderate but timely watering, good uniform lighting. An important agricultural technique at home for a good harvest is artificial pollination. AT vivo strawberries self-pollinate with the help of wind and insects. At home, a fan can help. The best option it is considered a soft brush, which you need to touch the inflorescences.

Delicious, juicy, ripe strawberries are a delicacy for children and adults! On the beds in the summer northern latitudes she feels great. But using the technology described above, it can be successfully grown at home. Strawberries all year round are vitamins, delicacy, exotic! But, it can also be a profitable, exciting, enjoyable activity.

Year-round cultivation of strawberries at home at present, with advanced technologies and a rich selection of varieties, especially remontant, yielding crops throughout the entire growing season, is quite possible. By combining growing plants in a warm summer period year on the balcony, and cold winter - in the room, you can pick strawberries all year round at home, without bothering to go to the hypermarket or travel to the garden.

It cannot be said that this is an easy task. Forcing strawberries throughout the year using modern technology, which received the name "Dutch" in Russia, requires everyday work and quite tangible financial costs associated with the first initial stage- with investments in equipping the house of a place and containers for growing it, and in the future - for the purchase and renewal of the substrate, the purchase of fertilizers, the renewal of varieties (purchase of seeds or seedlings) and the electricity spent on artificial lighting and the operation of electric pumps supplying nutrient solutions to the roots of plants .

To this should be added the need for watering, fertilizing, trimming the "whiskers", artificial pollination and periodic replacement of fruit-bearing plants. In order to save money, you can grow seedlings at home from seeds yourself, but it also takes time and some effort.

In terms of comparability of financial and labor costs, such a hobby can be compared with keeping two or three aquariums with ornamental fish with a volume of 100-300 liters at home.

If you wish and have the skills to work with tools, you can automate the process of watering and metered artificial lighting to the maximum by assembling simple structures.

Where to begin?

From an assessment of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe balcony and living quarters of the house in which you plan to grow berries all year round. In articles on organizing space for growing various berry and vegetable crops on a balcony, we described in some detail how to plant plants: both in horizontal and vertical containers. The undisputed leader in saving space at home is the vertical placement of plants.

The substrate can be filled as elongated plastic bags (preferably made of thick black polyethylene film and plumbing pipes large diameter with holes cut into them. The second method is more suitable for year-round growing strawberries at home, since without the risk of breaking the bag, the pipe with the substrate can be moved into the room for the winter. And if it is decorated with a beautiful coating (polyethylene film, "hammer" enamel or other materials), then it will not spoil the design of the apartment, but will organically fit in as an element of gardening.

If the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe balcony and the room allows (they should be approximately the same), which you plan to occupy with containers for growing strawberries all year round, then it is advisable to place a “life support” system in combination with containers in the same area, which will allow you not to worry about timely watering or turn on the lights.

substrate

Forcing a strawberry house all year round usually does not involve the use of land (especially garden land) as such. Instead, at home, either coconut fiber is used mixed with peat and perlite, or peat with the addition of expanded clay sand (fine fraction) and perlite (vermiculite). This is due to the weight of the substrate. Containers filled with peat and perlite are several times lighter than those filled with garden soil. They are easier to move. The second argument for the use of artificial substrates is their "sterility". You do not run the risk of introducing strawberry pathogens or pest larvae with the ground. In the middle of winter, mosquitoes or midges hatched from garden soil will not hatch in you, and two-tails or caterpillars will not start running across the floor.

Another plus is the almost complete absence of dirt, which is inevitably washed out of the drainage holes after watering the plants. There will be no specific smell of damp soil at home. At any time of the year, you will be able to make a previously known composition of the elements of the substrate, which will be the most suitable for plant growth, and renew containers for planting new plants with it.

The most suitable varieties

For growing strawberries all year round in a balcony or room, at home, remontant and ampel varieties are the most suitable. There is no need to grow tall, strong plants that give upright flower stalks in balcony conditions. In any case, the berries will not touch the surface of the earth, and therefore they will be affected by all kinds of “rot” nesting in damp soil and will always be clean and smart.

Ampel varieties at home are convenient in that they will completely cover the container in which strawberries are grown with their lashes hanging down. And remontant varieties will provide you with an uninterrupted harvest. Modern breeding varieties will also include climbing varieties of strawberries, which are independently able to cling to a support and grow upwards, like a vine, forming a dense green curtain. But their cultivation on the balcony of the house is possible only during the summer season, since it is very problematic to move the plant into the room without damaging the shoots, and then equip the trellis in the apartment or pull the twine on which the plant's lashes could be located.

If everything is quite clear with the planting of the first batch of plants, then the subsequent replacement of plants that bear fruit requires explanation. It is recommended to replace the plant once a year. In order not to completely expose the container in which strawberries grow, and not to wait for the growth of seedlings, its flowering and fruiting phase, it is advisable to have plants in one container different term landings. Initially, it will be enough to plant seedlings with an interval of 6 months (spring and autumn), and the next year, replace 1/3 of the plants with new ones. Plants that bear little fruit or form a small number of ovaries are subject to replacement.

In no case should you allow sorting within the same container. Yes, close proximity different varieties on the balcony can lead to inadvertent pollination and degradation of the variety.

Growing 2-3 varieties at home, try to isolate them from each other as much as possible, especially on the balcony, when pollination can occur naturally either wind or insects.

Fertilizer use

No plant can survive all year round on an artificial substrate without an influx nutrients required for leaf growth and fruit formation. Therefore, growing strawberries at home, year-round, requires the constant use of organic and mineral fertilizers.

Taking as a basis ready-made mixtures of fertilizers "For strawberries and strawberries" or "For berry crops» Initially, during the period of intensive growth and before flowering, they should be applied according to the manufacturer's recommendations (on the package).

During the period of formation and ripening of fruits, their number should be reduced as much as possible against the technical standards that are recommended.

In the container, there is no intensive washing out of fertilizers by rain or after watering, they do not seep into ground water. When organizing drip irrigation almost all the moisture supplied to the container is absorbed by the roots. Consequently, the applied fertilizers are also absorbed. Therefore, there is no need to apply the recommended 5-10 grams per 1 m2.

strawberry care

The main plant care will be regular pruning of the "whiskers" - if it is not an ampelous variety and not remontant, which forms fruits on young mustaches, as well as periodic pollination during the entire growing season. Pollination can be either with a fan (cold hair dryer) or with a soft kolinsky (squirrel) art brush.

Use different brushes to pollinate different varieties of strawberries and never mix them up or store them side by side. Pollination with a brush is a rather laborious process that requires attention and time, but gives better results than using a fan or hair dryer.

Be sure to spray the plants with a spray bottle at least once a day, because both on the balcony - due to intensive air circulation and at home - due to the action of heating devices, the air is extremely dry, and this negatively affects the plants.

Organization of lighting

If there are no problems with the lack of lighting on the balcony during the summer months, then in the conditions of growing strawberries all year round in winter period required additional artificial lighting. The most optimal is the use of LED lamps with a balanced emission spectrum. AT last resort can be used fluorescent lamps"daylight" light in a combination of 1 - "cold" + 2 "warm" light.

So that the red-blue radiation of the LEDs does not irritate, the plants should be fenced off with a screen made of foil material (thermal insulation sold in construction stores) or crumpled food foil pasted on sheets of cardboard or fiberboard. This will allow more even distribution of lighting and increase its efficiency up to 50% of the power of the light source.

The time of additional lighting during the period the plants are in the room should be 12-14 hours. You can automate the switching process by connecting the lighting device to the simplest Chinese timer, costing 200-300 rubles.

Irrigation organization

If you are using a vertical planting system, it is advisable to use a drip irrigation system - either by placing a container with a nutrient solution (water) above the level of the container in which the strawberries are grown and ensuring that the solution flows through the tubes from the medical "dropper", or by initially laying in the design a tube located in the middle of the container and having a bottom (plug) and many small holes d-1 mm. along the entire length of the tube through which watering is performed.

In "advanced" irrigation systems, you can use a micropump for garden fountains or aquariums, which will pump a strictly defined volume of liquid, sufficient to moisten the soil. It can also be connected to a timer. Once every two weeks, instead of water, use a solution of mineral fertilizers for irrigation.

Summing up

The process of year-round cultivation of strawberries is permanent. It does not allow "forgetting" or postponing any of the above manipulations. However, this is the destiny of any agricultural production - work all year round without days off and holidays.

Modern agrotechnical methods and technologies have made it possible to grow strawberries all year round in non-standard conditions, for example, at home. Many amateur gardeners have seriously taken up this fascinating business, because by growing garden strawberries at home, you can provide yourself with tasty and useful product all year, regardless of the season. In this article we will tell you how to grow strawberries all year round in greenhouses and just on the windowsill.

Growing strawberries in greenhouses and at home all year round can be profitable business, if you establish a continuous process and increase volumes. In recent years, several new methods of commercial cultivation of berries have appeared, but for home conditions, the Dutch technology, based on growing strawberries exclusively in greenhouses, remains the most acceptable. rational use small areas.

For those who are not yet familiar with this technology and do not know how to grow strawberries in small room, having received the maximum yield, you should know that the technique is very simple. Its essence is the regular planting of new seedlings, which ensures continuous harvesting even in cold winters. Of course, this can only be achieved by creating favorable conditions for active vegetation, flowering and fruiting of strawberries.

Commercial cultivation of berries according to the Dutch technology involves the use of a stationary greenhouse with a full set of equipment that provides plants with additional lighting, drip irrigation, and regulates humidity and temperature. In addition, the required number of seedlings should always be available, which are planted to replace the old bushes (after the end of fruiting, the bush is simply thrown away). Such an enterprise requires financial investments, but its profitability is so high that all expenses pay off literally in the first months.

If you are not going to plant strawberries in such volumes, but plan to grow several pots on the windowsill for yourself, the Dutch technique may also come in handy. Growing strawberries at home in small containers does not require any additional investment, except for the purchase of seedlings or seeds for growing them, as well as the purchase of a substrate and pots. Rate usable area, planned for year-round cultivation, and decide on the placement of containers. According to the Dutch method, seedlings can be planted in any container, even plastic bags, which are very convenient to hang vertically.

Video "Growing at home"

From the video you will learn how to grow strawberries at home and get good harvest.

Seedling selection

For continuous collection of strawberries, you need to regularly (1 time / 1.5-2 months) plant new seedlings, so you have to buy it or grow it yourself. Of course, it is more profitable to have your own seedlings, since its cost is much lower than the purchased one, but this will also require a lot of effort. You can grow seedlings from seeds or harvest during the summer season if there is a garden bed in the open field.

The easiest way is to root the rosettes that form in the summer on the mustache of the mother bushes. In autumn, young bushes are dug up on the main plantation and placed in cold (0 ... + 2 ° C). Under such conditions, seedlings can be stored for up to 9 months, which allows for its continuous planting. In the absence of a plantation, seedlings can be grown from seeds, but this process will take longer and require a lot of attention.

Another popular way to get quality seedlings– cassette growing of seedlings. It involves placing already cooled sockets in plastic containers with a nutrient solution. With the cassette method, the roots grow very intensively, literally by the hour, and after 4-5 weeks the container is completely filled with roots. Without a doubt, such seedlings are very strong and therefore give a good harvest.

Varieties for the greenhouse

For year-round cultivation in greenhouses, you should choose remontant varieties that form the ovary with a neutral light day. This feature guarantees undulating flowering and fruiting throughout the season, which, with regular planting of seedlings, allows you to achieve continuous fruiting. For growing in the house, remontant ampelous varieties are more suitable, which will not only bring you a plentiful and continuous harvest, but will also become an interior decoration. Most ampel varieties are beautifully untwisted, they can also be planted in hanging planters.

Whichever variety you choose, it must meet the following characteristics:

• be self-pollinating, otherwise you will have to do this procedure manually;
• have high immunity to diseases and temperature changes;
• have a short growing season (ripe early);
• be large-fruited (the larger the berries, the higher the yield).

There are many varieties that simultaneously possess all these qualities: Pineapple, Selva, Honey, Queen Elizabeth, Geneva, Darselect, Arapaho, Tribute, from domestic ones: Moscow delicacy, Sakhalinskaya and others.

Preparing plants for planting

Before planting seedlings in a greenhouse or pots, they need to grow up and form a good root system. To do this, young bushes are transplanted into boxes or pots with a substrate, where they undergo forcing. For stronger growth upper layer soil should be fertile and always moist. In the open field, young rosettes can be transplanted to another area, the so-called nursery, where the plants will grow green mass and root system.

With a decrease in temperature to 0 ° C, the seedlings are dug up, the leaves are removed, and the roots are placed in a nutrient substrate and taken out into the cold (cellar, refrigerator). At rest, they are stored for several months before planting in the greenhouse. Cold storage of seedlings is the main condition for the successful cultivation of strawberries according to the Dutch technology. Its effectiveness lies in the fact that when it gets into warm conditions (in a greenhouse), seedlings quickly wake up and begin to grow actively, which leads to early flowering and ripening of berries.

Growing vertically

Vertical placement of beds significantly saves space, therefore it is considered the most rational. The method involves placing the beds in a vertical position: in layers, tiers, pyramids or by hanging. Suitable as planting container different materials: pieces of PVC pipes, polyethylene bags, plastic containers, wooden boxes.
There is nothing complicated in adapting all these containers for growing strawberries:

• bags or bags need to be filled with a substrate, make holes at a distance of 20-25 cm in a checkerboard pattern, plant seedlings in them and hang them;
• containers and boxes can be arranged in tiers or pyramids, and the substrate can be poured into the protruding parts and bushes can be planted.

A separate topic is a vertical bed of pvc pipes. For its manufacture, materials will be needed, and the process itself will require time and effort. Of the materials, pipes will be needed: large (15-20 cm in diameter), and thin (about 5 cm), as well as fasteners, plugs and other small things. Holes with a diameter of at least 10 cm at a distance of 20 cm are made in a large pipe - seedlings will be planted in them. Small holes (2-4 cm) are drilled in a thin pipe, it is placed inside a wide pipe and used for uniform irrigation along the entire length of the structure.

Further, drainage and soil are poured into the space between the pipes, after which seedlings are planted in the holes. The lower edge of the pipe is closed with a plug, and in the upper part, water is supplied to the thin (inner) pipe. Thus, the strawberries are evenly moistened and give an excellent harvest. In addition to the fact that the beds from the pipes take up little space, they also look very decorative.

growing at home

Year-round growing strawberries at home can take place on a balcony or windowsill. For planting seedlings, you can use any containers that are unnecessary in the household, but, of course, they look most spectacular flower pots. A pot should be chosen at the rate of 3 liters of soil volume per 1 bush. Drainage should be laid at the bottom of the pot, and then pour in a soil mixture consisting of humus (5 parts) and hardwood soil (3 parts). At home, it is convenient to use hydroponics. Coconut fiber is best as a substrate, but you can also mineral wool, perlite.

When planting plants in a large container, do not plant more than three bushes. But it is also important that all the bushes are of the same variety - regrading will have a bad effect on the quality of the crop.

Seedling replacement is not carried out as often as in greenhouses: ordinary remontant bushes require updating once every six months, and ampelous varieties - once a year.

Plant care is standard, but strawberries should be watered exclusively by drip method (using a drip system used in medicine). Ampel varieties need to be supported and tied up, as their long lashes grow very quickly. This is how, with little investment of time and effort, you can grow a real garden with fragrant berries on the windowsill of the house.

Video “Growing all year round”

From the video you will learn how to grow strawberries all year round.

Sweet fragrant strawberries are loved by children and adults. During the long winter months, people look forward to the summer when they can enjoy its taste. Why wait so long? You can grow strawberries in the winter in a greenhouse. Moreover, a profitable business will bring considerable income.

What is the benefit

This is how nature decreed that the mass ripening of this tasty and beloved berry falls on the beginning of summer. But, strawberries are grown and sold by many summer residents and farmers, so the competition between them is huge. However, at the end of the season, the berry is not found. Stores sell frozen strawberries. But it cannot be compared with a berry plucked from the garden.

An enterprising person can start growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round and will not be disappointed in choosing a business. The main thing is to plant commercial varieties of berries that will be profitable. For reference: the consumption of strawberries by Russians increases from year to year up to fifty percent. This means that growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round can serve good investment own funds for the future. Of course, strawberries are a demanding plant. However, with proper care, this crop gives good yields and does not require significant costs.

How to register a business?

If you are convinced that growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round is starting to bring in a good income, start registering your business. This business is classified as an individual form of entrepreneurship and has the category of a producer of agricultural products. On such a single tax is charged, not exceeding six percent. To grow strawberries in a greenhouse all year round as a business, one registration is not enough. You need to stock up on several certificates:

• Belonging of a berry to a certain variety.
• Type of fertilizer with a brief annotation of the composition of the mixture.
• License for the sale of strawberries.
• Declaration of conformity of the GOST berry with information on the quality of the product and compliance with all required standards.
• Sanitary certificate.

Profitability of the berry business

This concept means the return on all costs. This is the ratio between the profit received as a result of the sale of the product and the cost. Moreover, the business depends on the cost of all funds spent, plus a trade cape. If you first decided to start growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round, you need to draw up a business plan taking into account all the pros and cons. It is better to turn to specialists for help.

The cost price includes all costs: the price of seedlings, fertilizers, wages for strawberry care workers, rent for premises, and so on. The Dutch method of growing berries is less expensive, which means that the costs will be significantly reduced. If the business is not large enough, you can not hire employees, do it on your own. By saving on salaries, employees also save cash. So, for example, the average cost per kilogram of strawberries in 2012 was one and a half dollars.

You can easily make a significant profit during the period when the berry season ends if you grow strawberries in a greenhouse all year round. The photo presented to your attention reminds of a tasty and fragrant berry, especially in winter, when it is not easy to get strawberries. Therefore, you can set the desired price for the product, and thereby make a profit.

Implementation of strawberries

The entrepreneur has grown and harvested a good harvest of berries that meet all the requirements. There is a question about its sale. Some do it on their own, having organized several points of sale in advance. But this is not always beneficial. During the winter season, up to eighty percent of strawberries are sold by supermarkets. If you are growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round as a business, then long before harvest, look for future customers for your products.

It should be borne in mind that stores have very high requirements, especially for appearance berries: it should be clean, without leaves and twigs, one-dimensional coloring. If it is not possible to sell strawberries through the store, you can sell them in bulk to processors: producers of juices, jams and other semi-finished products.

Growing strawberries in bags

How to grow strawberries in bags. And watering and lighting, and pollination is easier to carry out using Dutch technology. First you need to find and equip a room, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich depends on your needs. You can use the balcony if its area allows. It is essential to maintain temperature regime: during the day - twenty-five degrees, at night eighteen. You also need to stock up on patience, since growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round is a troublesome business.

In polyethylene bags, longitudinal holes are made in a checkerboard pattern, only four rows. The length of the hole is eight centimeters, and the distance between them is twenty-four. In these holes, young strawberry bushes are planted. Bags, fifteen centimeters in diameter and up to two and a half meters high, are placed on the floor in one tier. If they are smaller or the height of the room allows, multi-tiered placement is allowed. 2-3 bags are placed per square meter of area, filled with a substrate from a mixture of peat and perlite.

Sowing seeds directly into bags is inefficient. It is better to buy seedlings or grow them yourself. Before landing, she must be in hibernation. For this use freezer or cold cellar. In this matter, the prospect is encouraging: after the harvest of the first year, you will have your own seedlings.

Future landings need to be provided with food. For this, an irrigation system should be built. Tubes for droppers are suitable, which lead to each bag: from below, from above and in the middle at a distance of 55 centimeters. The ends of the tubes are connected to a pipeline located above the bags, each of which requires two liters of water per day.

Lighting plays an important role in growing strawberries. It should be adjusted so as to bring it as close to natural as possible. For 8-12 hours a day, the lamps should be on, and the rest of the time - off.

Strawberries in a greenhouse. Advantages

• The possibility of growing berries all year round.
• No dependence on weather conditions. It's no secret that rain and dampness reduce yields by 25 percent. The berry in the greenhouse is not subject to these phenomena.
• There is no need for additional land resources.
• The costs associated with growing berries pay off in just one season.
• Strawberries grown in a greenhouse are better accepted by supermarkets.
• The high demand for berries in the winter makes it possible to make decent money.
• Caring for a crop in a greenhouse is easier than in an open-air garden.
• The profitability of a business can be close to one hundred percent.

Disadvantages of growing strawberries in a greenhouse

If you decide to build a berry business, the question will definitely arise how to grow strawberries in a greenhouse all year round for sale. Do not rush to answer and do not accept hasty decisions. The fact is that here, as in any business, there are problems.

• First you need to solve the problem with heating. If it is not available due to limited funds, you can immediately forget about the idea of ​​​​growing strawberries year-round.
• For growing crops in greenhouse conditions at the initial stage, funds will be required, and considerable ones. First you need to build a greenhouse with a system of artificial lighting, irrigation and pollination. Buy everything necessary equipment and planting material.
• The problem lies in the constant care of plants. Not everyone can do it on their own. Sooner or later, the question of hiring auxiliary workers will arise. And this additional expenses. It may be cheaper for someone to grow strawberries in the open field. Everyone evaluates their own capabilities.

Types of greenhouses

• Premises with a film covering. Such greenhouses for growing strawberries require a minimum of costs. Perhaps that is why they are available to novice gardeners. But, there is a huge minus: the film does not protect plants from frost in winter. The greenhouse cannot be properly heated. So in a harsh climate, using such greenhouses is very risky.
• Glass greenhouses are rather bulky structures that need a foundation. But they can be heated, and the walls are transparent.

• It is advisable to build polycarbonate greenhouses for organizing a serious business on long years, since such premises have a long service life, they are durable and lightweight, although the most expensive.

How to grow planting material?

First you need to plant a plant, and then start growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round. Business directly depends on the quality of planting material. His preparation has some peculiarities. Self-grown seedlings will reduce the cost of its purchase. There are many ways to get a plant for planting.

One of them is the use of young rosettes, for which in the fall, before the onset of frost, you need to carefully dig up the rooted young tendrils from the mother plantations. Freshly harvested seedlings with open roots should be stored in a basement or refrigerator, with an air temperature of 0-+2 degrees. But, some experienced field farmers-entrepreneurs consider it unprofitable to divert special areas for mother plantation. It brings losses.

Cassette seedlings

Based on the rich experience of Russian plant growers, more than suitable option is to use cassette seedlings if you start growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round. The yield when planting this type of seedlings is much higher. Overgrown root system quickly takes root and fully provides useful nutrition to the plant. It will take about one and a half months to get cassette seedlings.

To do this, young tendrils are separated from mother plants and placed for a period of one hour in a cool room, 0-+1 degrees for cooling. Then they are planted in plastic containers with cells, after filling them with a nutritious earth mixture. After 2-3 days, the roots grow by 3-4 centimeters, and after 10 days the root system is fully formed.

In the first month, it is necessary to ensure that direct sunlight does not fall on the seedlings. Only after five weeks, young plants can be taken out into the sun. By this time, the cell is filled with roots, and may well transfer the transplant to permanent place growth. Growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round should begin with the use of self-pollinated remontant varieties, such as Korona, Kimberly, Florence, Marmolada, Honey, Anannasovaya, Selva, Sakhalinskaya and others. Otherwise, you will have to manually pollinate each flower. Chamomile, Junia Smides is ideal if you are growing strawberries in a greenhouse all year round in Siberia. These varieties are typical representatives of the high-yielding industrial type of this crop.

Berry business in a greenhouse

It is possible to successfully build your indoor strawberry business with sufficient funds to do so. A year before planting in the greenhouse, it is necessary to start preparing planting material in the open field. The soil should be chosen slightly acidic, loamy or neutral. It should have enough humus. For reference: to occupy 1 hectare of the greenhouse area, you need to lay a mother plantation in the open field of 150 square meters.

Specialists and amateur gardeners know several ways in which you can get planting material. But, the most fruitful are seedlings from two-year-old plants. They are transplanted in autumn, in October-November according to the scheme of 20x30 centimeters. In dry weather, young plants should be watered.

Greenhouse strawberry care

When does it start rapid flowering The greenhouse needs regular ventilation. This reduces air humidity and associated plant diseases. At this time, top dressing is carried out using carbon dioxide. After its implementation, fruiting occurs earlier and the yield increases.

Strawberries are demanding on moisture. But water should not fall on the plants, watering is carried out at the very root. In Western countries, the soil in the greenhouse is covered with a black film. It does not allow the berry to come into contact with the ground, weeds grow more slowly, and the ground retains heat better than a film of a different color.

In the greenhouse, the procedure of artificial pollination of strawberries is carried out. On small plantations this is done by hand 2-3 times a day. After a few days, pollination is repeated. If the greenhouse occupies huge areas, then at the time of flowering, beehives with bees are placed in it.

Strawberries are harvested from mid-March to the end of April; without it, the berries are harvested at the end of March - mid-May.