How to draw up a proposed plan for the production of bakery products. The degree of influence of the competitive environment
When the question arises: “which business is better to invest in?”, We start looking for the best ways with minimal cost and high financial returns.
Today we will consider such an area of investment as your own bakery.
Ready-made bakery business plan will give you a clear understanding of what this production is.
Why is a bakery a profitable business?
General consumer products are always in demand. As they say, bread is the head of everything, and therefore it is almost impossible to remain without customers.
Reasons to invest in the bakery business:
- Most bakeries are located close to the point of sale, because products arrive on the shelves “only from the oven”, which increases its demand.
- A small number of points of sale will allow you to study and adjust the demand for products, and it is also easy to change the assortment of the bakery depending on the indicators by quarter.
- Direct supply of raw materials without extra charges.
For the production part does not require highly qualified personnel.
Employees receive all knowledge within 2-4 days of practice.
Quick installation and setup of bakery equipment.
To forge manufacturing process, 25-30 calendar days is enough.
Installation companies will help you set up your equipment and train your staff before you even get started.
Constant demand for bakery products.
Rising prices for maintenance large enterprises makes large plants unprofitable.
Small and medium businesses that can fill this niche to the fullest and provide the market with a high-quality product.
Bread is a socially significant product, because you can get government support.
In the event of a shortage of raw materials or other problems, you can rely on.
High performance turnover, due to the short terms of the sale of bread, will allow receive payment from buyers within 5-10 calendar days.
Retail sales give you a steady stream of cash.
According to the legislation of the Russian Federation for LLC, the amount of cash in the cash desk of the enterprise should not exceed 2,000,000 rubles.
Given the constant turnover of funds and payment for raw materials, the business plan of the bakery provides full control and exemption from unnecessary financial transactions to withdraw cash from the current account.
Bakery business plan in detail
Average profit per year: 180 000$
The level of profitability of the bakery business plan: 620%
Payback period: 5-6 months.
Where to begin? From analysis of points of sale and features food products for which there will be the highest demand.
To determine the type of goods and production volumes, spend 1 - 2 weeks researching the location and nearby competitors.
Development tactics in the bakery business plan should pursue the following goals:
- Improving production by realizing the potential of equipment and personnel.
- Affordable prices without significant damage to the bakery's profits.
- Taking into account the wishes of ordinary consumers regarding the variety of bakery products.
- Increase in sales volumes.
- Search for a bakery.
- Employee training and customization feedback with the consumer.
- Advertising campaign.
- Development of the competitiveness of production by adjusting price indicators and the quality of products.
For your bakery business plan to be successful, all of the above conditions must be met.
Today, the price of the product has become an important competitive condition. The tactics of conquering the market must follow the trends to increase the profitability of your business.
1. Marketing tactics.
Any business begins with determining the directions in which production lines and product range will develop.
It is important for a bakery to analyze trends in the growth / decline in demand for different kinds baked goods throughout the year.
A marketing analysis of a bakery business plan should:
- Determine average sales volumes different varieties product in your potential sales outlets.
- Consider the sales volume of the product by competitors located in your area.
- Determine the criteria for ordering products.
- Find out the strengths of your competitors.
- Take into account trends in demand for bakery products throughout the quarter.
Find out which products are in high demand among buyers.
How much does quality affect the sale of a product?
Information about buyers will make it possible to occupy your segment of the product sales market, and data on other firms will make it possible to adjust the product to the most competitive indicators.
General knowledge of the sales market is aimed at improving the position of the bakery in the future and ensuring favorable economic conditions for business development.
What methods to apply:
- Identification of the pain points of the business and the strengths of the bakery.
- Market segmentation.
- Positioning of manufacturers and product lines.
- Methods of statistical calculations.
Research should be limited to the territorial factor. The analysis of nearby areas of the product sales market is considered optimal.
In the course of the analysis, it is necessary to find out which aspects buyers give more importance to.
The data graph should contain (%):
- freshness;
- taste qualities;
- external indicators of the product;
- the benefits of the product;
- price;
- availability of packaging.
The information will allow you to highlight the main points that you should pay attention to. Special attention to attract the maximum number of customers.
It is also necessary to take into account the place where customers prefer to buy bakery products. If this is a kiosk, then a reasonable solution would be to conclude contracts with just such points of sale.
For a total advantage in the bakery business plan, as many market research factors as possible should be taken into account.
Practice has shown that the priorities are such areas as advertising and pricing policy.
A positive impact on the business and the expansion of the range bakery products. Much attention should be paid to the types of pastries that are in high demand in other cities, but so far little mastered in the bakeries of your locality.
2. Production calculations for the business plan of the bakery.
Work planning cannot be imagined without a production component.
Although the methods of making bakery products are not a secret, it is worth taking a very detailed look at each component.
The quality of raw materials will affect both the product itself and its demand. The correct definition of proportions will make it possible to appropriately distribute financial flows allocated for the raw material base.
The main stages of the technological process of the bakery:
- Sift the main component - flour premium.
- Throw all the ingredients into the dough kneading machine.
- Keep the mixture.
- Cut into portions.
- Add special components to improve product quality and send to the seaming machine.
- Build a product.
- Let the test stand.
- Bake items.
- Distribute into trays.
Depending on the type of pastry that the bakery produces, the production plan may vary slightly. All components must be of the best quality.
a) Accounting for bakery equipment in a business plan
The best option would be to hire a specialist who will help you choose high-quality equipment at an affordable price.
*The table above shows the average cost of equipment by country.
The information in the table is presented in foreign currency for convenience. Inflation is constantly changing, so prices in dollars will give more accurate data on upcoming expenses.
Installation and configuration are usually free. Some supplier companies conduct training courses where your employees will learn how to operate the equipment. The cost of classes, as a rule, is symbolic.
b) Bakery space
Depending on the scale of the enterprise, the size of warehouse and other premises may vary upwards.
Arrangement of equipment, taking into account the possibility of its maintenance in the future, will increase the occupied area to 60-70 m 2 .
The data in the table shows the average size with a margin of 10 - 20 cm 2. The preferred width and length of the workshop is 7 m × 10 m. Height - within 3 - 4 m.
In addition to the production line, you will face the problem of storing raw materials and finished products. Dough components must also be kept separate from flour.
Total + 3 rooms.
Additional storage areas of the bakery:
flour storage.
A small bakery should have at least 7 days of raw materials in their business plan.
To meet these needs, space is needed with total area more than 22 m 2 and 3.5 m high.
Bakery bakery storage.
Depending on the mode of operation and the daily amount of finished products, a room of the required size is selected.
Minimum 10 m2.
Blend Item Storage(seasonings, cereals, dry yeast, etc.).
An area of 7 - 8 m 2 will completely accommodate a weekly supply of additional raw materials for production.
Taking into account all the premises, yours should be focused on 90-100 m 2 of production space.
In addition to size, attention should also be paid to the requirements of the SES. Without their approval further development business can stall for 1-2 months.
SES requirements for the production areas of the bakery:
- It is forbidden to equip a bakery in basements or places with high dampness.
- The floor must have a layer that does not allow water to pass through.
- Walls should be tiled or painted.
- Availability of hot / cold water + sewerage.
- Utility rooms for employees and raw materials.
- Correct ventilation.
By taking care of the above conditions in advance, you will save a lot of time in the future and get rid of problems with sanitation services.
c) Documents for the production part of the bakery
Documents that are necessary for equipping the premises and starting production must be collected after the purchase / lease of the premises and repair.
You will be pointed out the shortcomings and given 1 month to correct.
Terms are floating, it all depends on the number of problematic issues that arise during the verification process.
What documents are needed:
- An act authorizing the conduct of activities from the SES;
- Fire inspection permit;
- Admission to activities from the environmental commission.
Terms of receipt - from 2 weeks to 2 months.
If all checks were passed successfully, the bakery business plan can be implemented as quickly as possible.
3. Financial plan for the bakery.
An essential component of your business plan.
Where will the costs go, how to bring production to high level profits, where to find raw materials at the lowest price - all these calculations should make your bakery a highly profitable business.
a) Organizational costs
To get a plus, you will need to draw up an optimal work schedule that will not contradict sanitary requirements.
It is better to focus on increasing the productivity of equipment, which can lead to additional expenses.
Optimal bakery production plan:
- Work in 3 shifts with a rotating schedule for employees.
- Shift 1 is an 8-hour work day.
- In 1 working day, 2 shifts are allowed according to the plan.
- A floating schedule will allow you to use the equipment 30 calendar days per month.
- The average baking rate is 6,000 units.
- The mass of 1 unit of production (bread) is 400 grams.
Thus, the annual plan for the manufacture of goods will exceed 120 tons.
The calculations did not take into account the production of other bakery products, such as buns, rolls and more.
b) Major items of expenditure
is a costly business. Payment for the work of employees, the purchase of equipment, certificates for trade are far from all the expenses of an entrepreneur.
Full set of equipment was considered above and in its value reached 72,000 conventional units.
If we take into account additional elements such as knives and special clothing, the final amount will rise to $73,000 - $74,000.
Apart from technical equipment 3 more documents are required:
- Quality certificate.
- Hygienic certificate for the goods.
- Permission production activities for business.
To obtain a hygiene certificate, you will have to give several samples for examination to the nearest state laboratory. Product analysis will take no more than 3 calendar days.
The price for this package of documents is about $80. Please note that you will need to update permissions at least once a quarter.
Another important cost item in a bakery's business plan is raw materials.
The cost of flour, yeast, seasonings and other baking ingredients should be included in the calculations of the financial plan.
More detailed information can be seen in the table below:
| RAW COST CALCULATION | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| TOTAL cost of raw materials per 1 ton of finished products | 287,8 $ | ||
Type of raw material | Consumption of raw materials per 1 ton of products, kg | Cost of 1 kg of raw materials, USD | The cost of raw materials per 1 ton of products, USD |
| Premium wheat flour | 760 | 0,30 | 228 |
| Pressed yeast | 31 | 0,8 | 24,8 |
| Salt | 16 | 0,15 | 2,4 |
| Sugar | 16 | 0,6 | 9,6 |
| Margarine | 9 | 2 | 18 |
| improver | 5 | 1 | 5 |
The average cost of raw materials per 1 ton reaches $220 - $270. It is better to take indicators with a margin of 2 - 3% and focus on high-quality raw materials to obtain the appropriate product.
Compensation of workers of the enterprise depends on the quality of work and calculations included in the business plan of the project.
To support the production process of the bakery in 2 shifts and on a 30-day schedule, a minimum of 27 employees will be required.
The amount of salary should not be lower than the subsistence minimum established by the state.
Fig.1 - Monthly labor costs.
The monthly deductions include taxation. The bakery will have to count 38% in Pension Fund and to pay the unified social tax.
This will be: 0.38 * 3620 \u003d $ 1375.6 per month
Equipment that works around the clock, sooner or later will become faulty. Fund depreciation takes into account these factors and allows you to prepare the ground in advance for solving such problems.
Calculated as 9% for 1 year of the total cost of purchased equipment.
This will be: 0.75% * $72,000 = $540
Property tax provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation for all manufacturing enterprises including the bakery.
Currently, this fee is 2.1% per year of the cost of equipment.
This will be: (2.1% / 12) * 72,000 / 100% = $ 126 for 1 month
Quality certificate What you received at the beginning of work should be updated quarterly. This expense item should also be taken into account in the financial part of the bakery business plan.
This will be: 180/3=60$ every month
In addition to the specified expenses, you should take into account transport and other petty expenses for running a bakery that need to be mapped to enterprises in advance.
Below you can see a list of all monthly expenses:
Putting everything together, we get a tidy sum of $ 36,000. This is how much you will have to pay per month for the maintenance of the bakery.
Of course, enterprising people will find how to save money, but the operations performed should not affect the quality of the product. The level of sales will fall - business income will decrease.
c) Calculation of sales revenue and total profit
To calculate the amount of revenue, we turn to the average cost of bread in the country - $ 0.22.
Working according to the standard schedule, the bakery produces more than 5,500 units per month (only bread is taken into account).
Revenue will be: 5,500 * 2 * 30 * $ 0.22 = $ 66,000
Given the diversity of the range of goods, production costs will increase, but income will also increase proportionally. It all depends on the priority areas of production lines, which are determined in the marketing component of the bakery business plan.
- All organizations are required to pay to the country's treasury 1% of the fund for wages your business.
- Taxable Income, which decreases due to the deduction of fees on the gross profit of the bakery.
- General income tax of 25% on the amount of funds received.
Gross profit of the bakery.
The indicator is the difference between revenue and cost of goods.
As a result, we will get residual profit, which is most rationally spent on improving the equipment and technological processes of the enterprise, especially at its start.
The financial plan of the bakery business plan should provide for a clear distribution of residual funds from the bakery's income.
Many private bakeries prefer to transfer residual funds to current bank accounts at a rate of 2 - 3% per annum. All must be taken into account possible options capital growth.
d) Efficiency Study
How quickly the business will pay off is the main question of every entrepreneur before. Previous calculations were the basis for calculating this particular indicator.
In addition to the main indicator of business growth, there are 4 secondary ones. They should be taken into account in the business plan of the bakery to adjust and correct problematic production lines.
Additional profitability criteria:
Product profitability.
Indicates the ratio of net financial return to one currency unit.
Thus, the financial plan of the bakery business plan will show information on the quality of the use of financial resources.
Formula: Profitability \u003d Net profit / Cost of goods
In our case: 17,000/36168.67= 0.47
Capital productivity.
It is expressed in relation to the quantity of goods to the price per 1 currency unit.
The value gives an idea of the amount of profit from each ruble spent in your business plan.
Formula: Return on assets \u003d Revenue from the sale of goods / Total price of funds
In our case: 66,000 / (72,000+100) = 0.915
For every dollar invested, we get $0.915 in profit.
Capital intensity.
Inverse rate of return on assets.
Indicates how much funds from funds must be invested to receive 1 currency unit.
Formula: Capital intensity \u003d Total price of funds / Revenue from the sale of goods
In our case: (72,000 + 100) / 66,000 = 1.09
Spending for 1 currency unit of the product.
Display in the business plan of the bakery the amount of money spent on getting $ 1 from the product.
Formula: Cost per unit = Cost of goods / Revenue from the sale of goods
In our case: 36168.67 / 66,000 = 0.548
Additional components of the financial plan will help you evaluate the correctness of decisions and suggest potential options for the development of the business as a whole.
To see a visual result, use an iterative formula that displays the difference between the funds spent and received for 30 calendar days.
| PAYBACK BUSINESS PLAN BAKERY | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Interest charged by the banking system for taking out a loan | 0,02 | ||
Months of operation of the enterprise | Net income USD | Business income, USD |
|
| 0 | 0 | 72 100 | -72 100 |
| 1 | 17000 | 73 442 | -56 442 |
| 2 | 34 000 | 74 911 | -40 911 |
| 3 | 51000 | 76 409 | -25 409 |
| 4 | 68 000 | 77 937 | -9 937 |
| 5 | 85000 | 79 496 | 5 504 |
| 6 | 102 000 | 81 086 | 20 914 |
According to the table above, we will be able to assess the profitability and payback of the bakery business plan.
If you did not borrow money, but invested yourself, you can get rid of the extra 2% deposit rate, reducing the payback by almost 1 month.
Fig 2. - Payback business plan for a bakery.
According to the schedule, the first predominance of profit over costs falls on end of 5th month. This means that our bakery in a fairly short time will allow you to get back the money invested and get a profit.
If the amount of money spent in the business plan still seems too large for you, you can use an alternative option - renting a bakery.
You will reduce costs by 2 - 3 times due to the availability of equipment and ready-made premises that correspond to sanitary standards. The payback of such a bakery business plan will be 2 months.
4. We take into account the environmental component and risk factors in the business plan of the bakery.
Tolerance environmental services is an important part in organizing the work of the bakery.
The commission report should indicate the main advantages of your business compared to large analogues - this will simplify the process of obtaining a certificate and save you time.
What is the burden on the environment:
- Electricity consumption for stable operation of equipment and lighting of production areas.
- The use of fuel for the transportation of finished goods to points of sale.
- Utilization of secondary raw materials and other industrial waste.
Unlike large-scale production, the bakery does less harm. environment on all of the above. Rational placement reduces emissions harmful substances into the atmosphere by 50-70% compared to other large enterprises.
Always consider risk factors.
The business plan of the bakery should contain a separate financial section, which will provide for the allocation of 2 - 3% of monthly profits to secure possible problems in the future.
Risk factors for a bakery business plan:
Rising prices for raw materials.
To prevent problems, long-term contracts with suppliers on favorable terms should be concluded.
High competition.
No one can forbid building another bakery 50 steps away from you. The struggle for points of sale will begin.
To prevent the loss of the customer base, it is necessary to constantly expand the range and monitor the quality of bakery products.
The expansion of the bakery and the opening of new outlets will strengthen your position in the market and make your business even more profitable.
Not always the concept of "bakery" is limited to the production of bread.
An excellent example of this is the Bulki institution:
Whatever area of investment you choose, having a business plan is the most important component of the successful implementation of the project.
Planning items of expenditure and activities will prevent unpleasant surprises that may await you in the future.
We hope reviewed bakery business plan will help you in opening a personal business which will bring a stable income for many years.
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Baking is a popular product that is in demand at any time of the year by consumers. different ages, professions and financial situation. Therefore, a mini-bakery can be interesting as a business, and profitable and stable.
If you are attracted to the baking business in general, then you may be interested in the idea. If the volume of your investments is limited, or you are interested in the concept of a small enterprise, then opening a mini-bakery is more suitable for you, which will be discussed later.
Check out a few ready-made mini-bakery business plans:
1. Business plan for a mini-bakery with a payback period of 5 months. Download the mini-bakery business plan
2. Business plan for the Pyshka mini-bakery with a production and financial plan. Download the business plan for the Pyshka mini-bakery
3. Business plan for a mini-bakery with a detailed description of the organization of work. Download the mini-bakery business plan
4. Business plan for a mini-bakery from a fairly detailed term paper with financial accounts. Download the mini-bakery business plan with calculations
How to open a mini-bakery
A mini-bakery can exist both separately and as part of shopping centers or hypermarkets. Some entrepreneurs who have opened a mini-bakery prefer to sell their products through mobile points of sale (these can be small vans or car trailers).
Business registration
To register a mini-bakery, the form of individual entrepreneurship is best suited. In some cases, it will be more expedient to register a limited liability company immediately, especially if you plan to expand your business in the near future or establish a company not alone, but together with a partner (s). When filling out the registration forms, you will be required to enter the codes for the activity that you are going to engage in.
Please note: if you plan to sell products in the same place where you will manufacture them, then you should specify the code “Activities of restaurants and cafes”. As additional activities enter the code "Retail".
Location and size of the room
When choosing the location of a future bakery, it is worth considering the fact whether baking will be sold in the bakery itself. If you organize production in such a way that freshly baked products will be delivered to other points where they will be sold to the final consumer, then the choice of the location of the bakery should be based, first of all, on the possibility of fast and trouble-free delivery of baked goods.
And if you sell pastries in a bakery, then it is important to find a place characterized by high traffic. The city center, places near recreation parks, shopping centers, office centers are ideal. When you have decided on the area, it is worth talking with its owners about the prospect of buying out the premises, of course, if you plan to do this business seriously and for a long time.
Regarding rental prices, it is difficult to determine specific figures, since prices in different cities and even regions can vary significantly. For example, in Moscow, the cost of renting premises for a mini-bakery will be approximately from 8 to 30 dollars per square meter.
In order to accommodate all the equipment for baking and organize the hall small size for sale, it will take up to 140 square meters. There are also very small bakeries (that's why they are "mini"), which cost a much smaller area.
Sanitary and epidemiological station and fire inspection move to the premises standard requirements: obligatory presence of a ventilation system, sewerage, utility rooms, a bathroom, whitewashed ceilings.
Purchase of raw materials
In this business, it is important to establish contacts with suppliers who will provide high quality raw materials and deliver them to you on time. However, keep in mind that every food product tends to deteriorate, so buying raw materials in huge quantities will not work. You simply do not have time to make pastries from it and sell it before the raw materials are already unusable. It is recommended to purchase the first batch of raw materials immediately before the start of the mini-bakery.
The main raw material is flour, and if you want to achieve High Quality finished products, use only the highest grade flour. You will also need yeast, oil plant origin, regular and vanilla sugar, salt, baking powder and thickeners.
Your products should be of interest to the consumer with their diversity, so use all kinds of additives both for decoration and for giving special taste properties to the product. It can be raisins, almonds, dried apricots, peanuts, fruits, berries, chocolate, jams.
Staff
The main person who will organize and direct the entire work of the mini-bakery in the right direction is the technologist. A good technologist is indispensable if you want to be successful in this business. The rest of the bakery staff will be bakers, cleaners and cashiers.
As a rule, the business owner himself manages the mini-bakery, but if this enterprise is not his only one, then it is worth hiring a director or manager. Since the mini-bakery is a small business, there is no need for a full-time accountant either. Typically, bookkeeping is given to or hired by an accountant on a part-time basis.
Equipment for a mini-bakery
To answer the question "How much does it cost to open a mini-bakery", first of all, it is worth considering the cost of equipment. All the equipment necessary for a mini-bakery can be divided into two types: one that is intended for the production of products, and one that is intended for its implementation.
The price of equipment for mini-bakery can be different, depending on the manufacturer. Prices given in brackets are average for this type of equipment. For direct baking you will need:
1. Furnace (15 thousand dollars);
2. Machine for kneading dough (7 thousand dollars);
3. Prostoynyy electrical cabinet(1 thousand dollars);
4. A special table for working with dough, for example, for cutting it ($1,000);
5. Apparatus for rolling dough (500-600 dollars);
6. Flour Sifter ($300):
7. Trolleys for finished products ($200).
For a mini-bakery, one piece of each equipment is enough. For the implementation of baking, you will need to purchase shop equipment, namely:
1. Showcase;
2. Cash register;
3. Cabinets for storage of finished products;
4. If desired, tables and chairs for visitors, if the size of the room allows.
It will take about 4-5 thousand dollars for all commercial equipment.
The success of any business is largely due to the presence of high demand for the goods sold. The sphere of production of bakery products is one of the most demanded throughout the country. To own production brought profit, it is necessary to make mini-bakeries with calculations. It will allow not only to estimate the amount of costs, but also to calculate the payback period, profitability and other important financial indicators.
Opening a mini-bakery franchise
If a person has never been in business, but wants to open his own bakery, he does not have to do this alone. Any business sector has its own characteristics and difficulties. If you don’t want to spend your own time and money on this, then you can turn to more experienced bakery owners and buy a franchise from them. This format of cooperation has its own characteristics:
- the level of profitability will decrease due to the need to pay royalties, an initial fee to the franchisor;
- a businessman receives a ready-made brand under which he can work, spending less money on advertising and promotion;
- the availability of a ready-made production technology (it does not have to be certified, and the employees of the franchisor's company will help to implement it);
- risks are reduced;
- the franchisor accompanies its franchisees at all stages of cooperation.
Some franchises involve supplier relationships industrial equipment, raw materials. This allows you to save some money. The franchisor can assist in finding wholesale buyers or establishing retail.
The danger in opening a bakery franchise is more related to the success and integrity of the franchisor. It is not easy for a beginner to find a worthy partner.
If we are talking about opening a bakery, it is worth considering first of all the following popular Russian franchises:
Tandoor bread Dobropek pretzel Franchise launch year 2014 2013 2016 Entrance fee Missing 500 000 rubles 290 000 rubles Royalty 15,000 rubles per month, starting from 4 months of work 5% of received revenue 10 000 rubles per month Start-up capital 205,000 - 750,000 rubles 2,500,000 - 3,000,000 rubles 1,500,000 - 2,400,000 rubles Possible areas of work Retail and wholesale, delivery of finished products Retail bakery shop These franchises have become very popular in Russia due to a well-established business model, high profitability, and a thoughtful and ready-to-implement concept. But opening a bakery franchise has its drawbacks:
- inability to develop their own brand;
- the presence of recipes and a range of products that cannot be changed;
- restriction of actions of the entrepreneur;
- additional expenses(particularly noticeable lump-sum contributions for famous franchises, their cost can reach several million rubles).
For an entrepreneur, opening a mini-bakery franchise can be the first step in business. It will help him gain experience, learn all the processes from the inside. At the expiration of the franchise agreement, it will be possible to open your own bakery, but you will have to start from scratch.
Location
The choice of a place to operate a bakery is important if an entrepreneur plans to carry out retail business. Then the premises should be located in the city center. If the volumes are not very large, and the competition is small, then you can also settle in a residential area among apartment buildings. This will save on rent and increase the size of the final profit.
When opening a bakery for wholesale sales, everything will be even easier - just find a suitable area in an industrial area. You only need to take into account ecological situation, availability of convenient access roads, remoteness from wholesale buyers (the closer they are, the more you can save on the delivery of products).
An entrepreneur can buy or rent industrial premises. Each of these options has its pros and cons:
If an entrepreneur plans to work and develop his bakery, in any case, he needs to think about buying a premises. This is a great option for investment with profit. If the capital is not enough, it is necessary to conclude a long-term lease agreement in order to protect yourself from moving to a new place in the near future.
Requirements for the premises of a mini-bakery
When choosing a room for work, you need to evaluate the required production capacity. For the manufacture of 300 kg of finished products per day, an area of \u200b\u200b50 m 2 will be required. And it should not be one room, but several:
- workshop for the production of dough / finished products;
- 2 warehouses for storage - one will contain raw materials, and the second - finished products, they cannot be stored together;
- bathroom with equipped sink and toilet;
- locker room for staff;
- loading room;
- office.
A mini-bakery is an enterprise that manufactures bakery products and carries out retail sales.
The concept of the mini-bakery is baking fresh bread according to unique recipes, as well as creating a homely and warm atmosphere in which visitors can eat without leaving the cash register.
The target audience of the bakery is residents of neighboring houses, as well as people who take care of their health and prefer bread without artificial additives.
Main competitive advantage bakeries is an advantageous location that allows you to cover two residential area with a population of about 30,000 people.
The assortment of the mini-bakery includes three main areas: standard products, exclusive bread, as well as French croissants. Each direction consists of three product names. This structure allows you to meet the demand of the entire target audience, as well as get by with a minimum amount of production equipment.
The average check of a mini-bakery is 100 rubles. Permeability during the day can be up to 1000 people, which guarantees reaching full production capacity within 3 months of work.
2. Description of the business, product or service
The obvious advantage of opening a bakery is that despite the general decline in household spending on goods and services, the demand for bread remains stable. In addition, similar imported products increase in price, and products of domestic bakeries are not able to compete with bakery products in terms of taste.
In the production of baked goods, we focus on the quality of the products used and the preservation of the unique recipe of each product.
Bread sold in large stores is usually tasteless and contains a lot of vegetable fat and sugar. As for similar bakeries, they focus on making pies and practically do not have dietary products in their assortment.
The assortment is presented in three areas of baking: French pastries, specialty bread for those who adhere to healthy eating, Russian bread. In each direction, we produce three types of products.
3. Description of the market
The target audience of the project is divided into two segments:
- residents of nearby houses who find it convenient to buy fresh pastries in our bakery;
- people who follow a healthy diet, watch their figure and are interested in buying branded bread according to unique recipes.
The bakery competes with similar companies in the following ways:
- Product quality: it is necessary to use high-quality ingredients and a unique recipe for cooking.
- Price of products: typical products are sold at the average market price.
- The assortment is presented in three areas of baking: French pastries, branded bread for those who adhere to a healthy diet, native Russian bread.
- Location: residential quarter (yard type bakery), convenient parking (possible access from the main street).
- The presence of a window in the workshop, which allows the consumer to observe the process of preparing products
SWOT analysis of a mini-bakery
Strengths of the project | Vulnerabilities of the project |
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Opportunities and prospects | Threats of the external environment |
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4. Sales and Marketing
5. Production plan
The sale of goods is carried out in the trading floor. Delivery of goods at the project launch stage is not provided.
6. Organizational structure
At the stage of launching a bakery, as well as at the initial stage of operation, you can get by with a minimum number of staff.
Manager monitors the organization of the process of production and sale of products, is responsible for the continuous operation of the bakery and timely troubleshooting. In addition, he performs the functions of a freight forwarder, maintains document management, accepts cash every day, and determines the company's development strategy. Since the turnover of the bakery at the initial stage will be relatively small, it can be assumed that the combination of these duties is possible within the same position. This position assumes a 6-day work schedule from 10.00 - 19.00 with a lunch break of 1 hour.
Seller-cashier in charge of customer service and cash handling. Every evening, the salesperson-cashier fills out a special journal in which he registers cash, and also keeps a record of all transactions supported by the presence of checks. In addition, the seller-cashier accepts finished products from the workshop, puts the goods on the racks, keeps order in the trading floor. The working day of the seller-cashier coincides with the opening hours of the bakery and lasts from 8.00 - 20.00. Lunch break in the work of the seller-cashier is not provided, but since the flow of customers is not uniform, he has time to rest. Work schedule - 2 days of work alternate with 2 days of rest.
Baker starts at 6:00 am and ends at 4:00 pm. The baker fully controls the production cycle: from keeping records of raw materials in stock to production finished products. His responsibilities also include maintaining cleanliness in the workshop, timely write-off of spoiled products, as well as keeping logs for cleaning the hood. The baker's work schedule is 2 days of work alternating with 2 days of rest.
The salary of each employee consists of two parts: salary (a fixed amount) and piecework (percentage of revenue).
In the future, the possibility of introducing additional non-financial motivation is being considered. key personnel- additional training for chefs.
For reporting, we intend to use the services of an accountant on outsourcing.
With an increase in production, as well as the expansion of services provided, new vacancies will appear in the company: a driver, a cleaner, an administrator, a pastry chef.
A detailed payroll calculation, taking into account the bonus part and insurance contributions, is presented in the financial model.
7. Financial plan
Calculate the initial investment required to start a bakery. They amount to 1,589,811 rubles. Let's take a closer look at their composition.
Equipment:
| Name | Quantity | Price for 1 piece | total amount |
| Cash register | 1 | 15 000 | 15 000 |
| glass showcase | 1 | 25 000 | 25 000 |
| Cabinets for GPU | 1 | 15 000 | 15 000 |
| Safe | 1 | 3 000 | 3 000 |
| Bake | 1 | 250 000 | 250 000 |
| Fridge | 1 | 40 000 | 40 000 |
| dough mixer | 1 | 50 000 | 50 000 |
| proofing cabinet | 1 | 40 000 | 40 000 |
| flour sifter | 1 | 25 000 | 25 000 |
| Dough cutting table | 1 | 35 000 | 35 000 |
| dough sheeter | 1 | 45 000 | 45 000 |
| Baking trolley | 1 | 40 000 | 40 000 |
| Table for visitors | 2 | 10 000 | 20 000 |
| Chairs for visitors | 6 | 2 500 | 15 000 |
| Fire-fighting equipment | 1 | 50 000 | 50 000 |
| Other equipment | 1 | 50 000 | 50 000 |
| Total: | 718 000 |
INTRODUCTION
In a market economy, a business needs planning to become viable and profitable.
In the current rapidly changing economic situation, it is impossible to achieve positive results without planning their actions and without predicting the consequences. Only careful and responsible business planning can significantly help in the survival of enterprises, and ultimately in achieving consistently high results. To the greatest extent, business planning is necessary for small and medium-sized enterprises that operate in conditions of high uncertainty and, as a result, have less room for error. Thus, one of the main program documents of an entrepreneur who wants to start or expand his business is a business plan.
A business plan is a document that allows you to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of investing in a commercial project. It is designed for:
- message about the idea interested parties;
– attracting cash and other funds in the form of investments for the implementation of the project;
— assessment by the investor of the reliability and attractiveness of their investments;
— effective project management.
There are no strictly regulated forms and structure of the business plan, however, sections such as:
1) summary - general characteristics firms, the main idea and goals of the business, the essence of the project, the main economic and economic indicators, the need for financial resources, their supposed sources;
2) analysis of the market situation - characteristics of goods (services), their advantages, consumer qualities; characteristics of the industry, identification of potential buyers, market capacity; characteristics of competitors, assessment of the competitiveness of the enterprise;
3) marketing plan - marketing goals and strategies, pricing, sales promotion, advertising, distribution channels;
4) production plan - a description of the production technology, the necessary equipment, suppliers, calculation of the cost of production;
5) organizational plan - should contain the features of the organizational and legal form of the enterprise, the scheme of the organizational structure of management, the need for personnel, labor stimulation, legal support economic activity enterprises;
6) risks of the company's activities - a list of possible risks of the project, their characteristics, methods for minimizing them;
7) financial plan - calculation of production volumes in physical terms, proceeds from the sale of products, net profit, determination of payback periods, profitability of production.
Object of this control work mini-bakery "Sdobushka", engaged in the production of bakery products and their sale without intermediaries in the city of Voronezh.
The reasons for choosing this type of enterprise is that even in times of crisis there is a demand for bakery products. In terms of profitability (50-60%), bread production is one of the most attractive business areas. According to experts, with any market development forecast, the profitability of bread production will not fall below 25%. The demand for bread does not depend on the weather, season, government policy.
1.SUMMARY
The essence of the project: the opening of a mini-bakery.
Type of activity: production and sale of various bakery products of traditional recipes.
Price segment: medium and low.
Sales of products: 100% retail release through our own store at the bakery.
Region: city of Voronezh.
Type of ownership: rent.
Maximum design capacity: 500 kg/day.
The planned sales volume in the first two months of operation of the enterprise will be 40% of the maximum capacity.
The volume of the market of bread and bakery products in the city of Voronezh is 350 tons / day.
Short-term goals of the project:
- effective survival in a competitive environment;
— consolidation in the market of bakery products in Voronezh.
Long-term goals of the project:
- expansion of production;
- creating a circle of regular customers;
- Increasing the value of the company.
Project benefits:
— stable income(the demand for bakery products does not depend on the season, weather, government policy);
- mobility of production (a mini-bakery can easily change the assortment in accordance with market needs);
- fast payback competent organization work.
The required amount of investment is 768,690 rubles.
Sources of financing:
- own -383 690 rubles.
- borrowed - loan "Kommersant" in VTB24 bank branch No. 3652 (Contacts: 394030, Voronezh, Koltsovskaya st. 31, www.vtb24.ru) in the amount of 385,000 rubles. for 12 months at 30% per annum, a commission for issuing a loan of 2% - 7,700 rubles.
Return on sales will be 49.2%.
The payback period for capital investments is 6 months.
It is planned to use a simplified taxation system (STS) at a rate of 6% of income.
Mini-bakery activities do not require mandatory state licensing.
2.ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET SITUATION
2.1 Product characteristics
LLC "Sdobushka" will produce and sell bakery products of traditional recipes from rich yeast and puff pastry. No dyes, preservatives or other chemical additives will be used in the production process.
It is expected to produce the following range of products:
1) bread from a mixture of flour varieties (rye, wheat 1 s.);
2) wheat flour bread:
- wheat bread (wheat flour 1 s.);
- long loaf for tea (wheat flour 1 s.);
- braid with poppy seeds (wheat flour);
- sliced loaf (wheat flour);
3) bakery products (high quality wheat flour):
- ordinary muffin;
- puff with jam;
- puff with poppy seeds;
- bagel with poppy seeds;
- bun "Moscow";
- cinnamon bun;
Table 2. Assortment structure
The average price of bakery products is 56.375 rubles. for 1 kg.
Manufactured products have such properties as:
- freshness;
- low price;
- attractive appearance;
- quality;
- natural ingredients.
Table 3. Advantages (disadvantages) of the offered goods (services)
2.2 Market
Bread and bakery products are essential food products, i.e. are products of everyday demand and are considered socially important goods. According to the historically established tradition, bakery products occupy special place in Russian national cuisine. The main raw materials for the production of bakery products are wheat and rye flour.
According to official data, large bakeries in the city of Voronezh do not fully satisfy the daily need of the population for bakery products. Therefore, the creation of private bakeries is a natural consequence market relations. The main advantage of a mini-bakery is the mobility of its production: you can easily change the assortment, following the trends in demand. This means that there is always an opportunity to meet the demands of the market.
Market analysis of bread and bakery products in last years showed that the main criterion in choosing a product by the consumer is its freshness. This allows us to conclude that mini-bakeries are able to compete with large bakeries.
The main criterion for choosing the location of a mini-bakery with a store located in it is proximity to the areas of residence and work of the main category of product consumers. It is supposed to rent a room at the intersection of Plekhanovskaya and F. Engels streets. The advantages of this place are as follows:
— the bakery will be located at the crossroads, so large quantity people, having seen the sign, will know about its existence;
– the bakery will be in the square residential buildings, which is formed by Plekhanovskaya, F. Engels, Nikitinskaya and Srednemoskovsk streets, and all other shops are no closer than across the road, which creates a clear inconvenience for children buying bread without adult supervision;
- the bakery will be located near several bus stops, which are places where people gather;
- on the opposite side of the street. Plekhanovskaya is located Central clothing market, his service staff, as well as buyers can easily use the services of a bakery shop;
- on the opposite side of the street. F. Engels is the Sozvezdie concern, whose employees can purchase bakery products at lunchtime;
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In our country, gradually an increasing number of entrepreneurs and businessmen are transferring their assets to a business that will always be in demand. And that is why today more and more mini-bakeries appear in cities that offer competitive quality of bakery products that seem quite familiar to us. Bread is a product that will always be bought. We suggest that you also join the ranks of those who have already opened their own mini-bakery, but first you need to find out about the business plan for opening a mini-bakery.
Mini bakery as a business
Today we invite you to open your own small bakery, in which you will produce high-quality and very delicious bread and bakery products.
In this case, you will have the legal form of doing your business as an individual entrepreneur. This is necessary in order to minimize taxes and simplify your own bookkeeping.
The success of the enterprise, let's say right away, will be quite high. Bread is in constant demand. First of all, you will need to figure out which niche this business most suitable for entry with the lowest initial cost. This can be done very simply. You just need to visit the famous mini-bakery and try their assortment. If you are at least a little versed in this area, then it will immediately become clear to you what to focus on in your case. Perhaps there are few recipes for dietary bread in your city, and you know that people will buy it.
Description of a mini-bakery as a business
In our case, a mini-bakery is opening, which will bake bread and bakery products. Your bakery is supposed to work around the clock in two or three shifts.
Description of mini bakery services
In our case, a standard organization of a mini-bakery is assumed, which will produce bread and bakery products, distribute products through various retail stores. Products will be delivered to kiosks, supermarkets, grocery stores, etc.
Mini bakery business plan
It is important to consider that the room is connected to gas, electric and water networks Or was it possible to make such a connection in the future.
Together with the premises, we begin to look for the necessary equipment. Here's exactly what you need:
- flour sifter
- proofer
- kneader
- filling dispensers
- baking oven
- cutting tables.
You can find all this equipment from local suppliers - usually in big cities there are enough companies that supply equipment for bakeries.
Next, we are looking for staff for our mini-bakery. On average, a small bakery that produces from 500 to 1500 kilograms of products per day will need 4 employees who will work in two shifts. Additionally, you will need to hire a driver and a manager who will sell your product.
Sales plan for bakery products
This mini-bakery business plan provides for the sale of products directly by the manager himself, who will conclude contracts with retail stores. A hired driver will deliver the products.
Financial plan
Now we will consider the most basic financial aspects that appear when you open your own mini-bakery.
Expenses:
Rent - about 450,000 rubles. in year
Purchase of equipment - 600,000-1,300,000 rubles. in year
Salary to employees - about 1,300,000 rubles. in year
Total: 2,350,000-3,050,000 rubles. for the first year of operation.
Income:
The sale of products is 3 rubles from each unit of production, which will approximately be from 6,000 to 15,000 rubles.
Business plan for opening a mini-bakery
per day, depending on the capacity of the bakery. It turns out, from 120,000 to 450,000 rubles. per month.
How to open a mini-bakery?
A mini-bakery is one of the types of businesses that are not subject to influence economic crisis. Whatever the situation in the country and even in the world, people willingly give money for homemade cakes.
Opening a mini-bakery is a sequential and multi-stage process. It all starts as standard, with the registration of a business. And it would be quite useful to draw up a business plan for a mini-bakery in advance with calculations in order to understand what the business is waiting for ahead.
Registration and registration of a mini-bakery
Anyone for whom a mini-bakery as a business from personal experience will immediately say that there are two possible options:
- registration of individual entrepreneurship (IP);
- registration of a limited liability company (LLC).
Other forms of entrepreneurship will not suit such a type of business as a mini-bakery due to its small scale. If the founder does not plan to enter large volumes and generally opens his own business for the first time, then the option with an individual entrepreneur is much better suited.
When registering a mini-bakery in the form of an individual entrepreneur, it is necessary to indicate the type of activity of the enterprise in the documentation. In this case, you should select classifier 15.81, indicating that the organization is engaged in the production of bread and flour confectionery with a short shelf life.
Learn about all types economic activity possible in a special all-Russian classifier- OKVED.
A mandatory step is to create a current account for the future bakery.
Bakery business plan
Most of the clients of such an enterprise are the owners of retail grocery stores and supermarkets, and for them the transfer of funds to the current account will be the most acceptable method of payment.
After the registration procedure, you need to decide on the taxation of the mini-bakery.
How to open a mini-bakery - regulations and acts
The mandatory list includes 5 documents. You need to be prepared to spend a few days going around all these organizations and getting permission from them for a bread and confectionery business:
- permission from the fire inspectorate;
- certificate of conformity issued by the federal agency for technical regulation and metrology;
- sanitary and epidemiological conclusion for production - issued by the sanitary epidemiological station, this permit gives the right to start manufacturing products in a mini-bakery;
- sanitary and epidemiological conclusion for products - also issued by the sanitary and epidemiological station, this permit gives the right to sell products made in a mini-bakery;
- permission document from environmental expertise.
After passing through all the formal procedures in the mentioned instances, you can proceed directly to opening a business. Start by choosing the right space.
Choosing the right space to open a mini-bakery
The Sanitary and Epidemiological Station presents an extensive list of restrictions on the parameters of the premises in which it is planned to open a bakery. Therefore, it is important that the selected location meets all of the following requirements:
- placing a bakery is not allowed in the basement of houses;
- the use of semi-basements is also prohibited for such enterprises;
- the presence of an air conditioner in the room is mandatory;
- walls up to a level of 175 centimeters from the floor must be made of porcelain stoneware or, at least, painted in bright hues. Above the specified level, whitewashing should be applied, the same applies to the ceiling;
- the floor of the bakery must be water resistant, porcelain stoneware is an excellent durable material with this property, its rough texture contributes to this;
- personnel should have a separate dressing room, as well as a toilet and sink;
- in the premises of the bakery, it is imperative to establish water supply and sanitation;
- a separate room is required for the storage of raw materials used in production (butter, sugar, flour, etc.)
You can opt for a room that is not suitable for a number of points and subsequently bring it up to accepted standards, however, in this case, additional time and cost should be taken into account. After determining the place where the mini-bakery will be opened, it is necessary to equip it properly.
Mini bakery staff
At the initial stage, a mini-bakery will only need 4 workers:
- technologist;
- baker;
- assistant baker;
- cleaner.
A mini-bakery is often a family business, so at first all these duties can be performed by members of the same family, which will save money. Later, with an increase in sales, you can find hired workers and, if necessary, increase their number.
Equipment for a mini-bakery
When buying equipment for a mini-bakery, you should rely on a number of key factors:
- the cost of technology;
- production capacity of the proposed equipment;
- parameters and dimensions of the previously selected room.
If the organizer of the enterprise is limited in funds, then the most suitable equipment for affordable price should be sought among domestic manufacturers. With the proper approach, it is possible to choose equipment that is not inferior to imported counterparts, while saving on cost from 3 to 5 times.
As for used equipment, it is not worth taking risks and purchasing used equipment so as not to spend extra money on its repair or not to look for a new one if this one becomes completely unusable in a short time.
The price of mini-bakery equipment will directly depend on its production capacity. It is necessary to pre-calculate the scale of production in order to select the appropriate equipment. On average, the optimal production for a mini-bakery is about 50 kg of bread per hour. Equipment of such power will cost about 350 thousand rubles.
Mini-bakery product range
The variety of products depends on the choice of equipment for the bakery, the parameters of which will determine what products can be made in it:
- bread is the main type of product due to which the mini-bakery exists;
- bakery products - if technology allows, you can produce a wide range of different buns and cheesecakes with fillings;
- bread with additives - there is a category of gourmets who are happy to buy bread with seeds, bran and other fillers.
Having chosen the premises and equipment, you can proceed to the selection of personnel.
Sales and advertising of mini-bakery products
Since the business plan of the mini-bakery was previously drawn up with calculations, the costs for advertising and development were already included in it. The first step is to build a display window in the bakery and put up a sign to let people know that fresh bread can be bought here. Many buyers want to purchase bakery products from the oven.
The next step is to arrange delivery with grocery stores. It is necessary to seek contact with the owners of outlets, arrange a meeting in order to demonstrate all available certificates and, preferably, give products for testing.
At first, you need to be ready to give the goods for sale in order to achieve loyalty and trust from the client and provide conditions better than those of competitors. It is necessary to offer buyers something that other participants in this market cannot do.
Mini-bakery taxation system
At the initial stage, a simplified taxation system (STS) is best suited for such an enterprise. The principle of calculating the simplified tax system is transparent and simple - the amount of expenses is deducted from the income from activities, and the amount received (profit) is taxed. The rate under the simplified system is 15%.
As for the formal part, after registering and choosing a taxation system, it remains to receive a number of regulatory documents and acts necessary to move to the opening stage. All this will be understood and made even easier if there is a person who already has a mini-bakery as a business from personal experience, and who can prompt and advise.
Income and expenses of a mini-bakery
Income will depend on the size of the initial investment in this business. In the presence of large volumes of production and a wide range of goods, the profit will be higher and more tangible.
It is necessary to spend about 800 thousand rubles to open a bakery from scratch. It should also be taken into account that the first 2-3 months, while the establishment of production and relations with consumers, can be unprofitable.
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