Help for small businesses from the state. Ways to get government assistance

The development of individual entrepreneurship is one of the priority areas of the domestic economy. An individual entrepreneur (IE) at the first stage of developing his own business, as a rule, is not able to cope with a number of emerging legal, financial and social difficulties - and here the government comes to the rescue. Of course, the assistance of individual entrepreneurs from the Russian state in 2019 is strictly regulated by law. But, at the same time, it is quite large-scale and versatile.

Assistance to small businesses from the state is provided regularly and in various forms. There are many government programs aimed at developing small and medium-sized businesses. Their introduction into practical reality takes place within the framework of the current law aimed at developing the designated segment of the economic space in the Russian Federation. The mentioned normative act quite carefully regulates the forms and methods of providing state support for individual entrepreneurs who are at the stage of initial development of their business project, or in critical economic conditions.

Support for small and medium-sized businesses by the state can be carried out in several main directions. Namely, these are the following segments of the development of a specific business project:

Information support;
free legal advice;
preferential taxation system;
a system of simplified regulation of the life of individual entrepreneurs by fiscal and other regulatory authorities.

In addition, it is important to create in the state system an atmosphere of loyalty towards the entrepreneur, when a person feels that his efforts are not only approved, but also encouraged. And, in any case, the practice of piling up the bureaucratic complexities of previous years must be gradually abandoned.

An entrepreneur must feel the freedom of his economic activity and feel state support in this area, but not pressure.

Support for small businesses in 2019 should become a priority task of the modern economic model, and this main priority, in turn, should become a determining factor for choosing the ways and methods for developing the domestic economy.

Legal relations in the field of small business development are regulated by the Civil Code, as well as such special sections of law as:

civil;
tax;
labor;
financial;
land.

In addition, there is still a huge package of sectoral legislation that regulates highly specialized segments of financial and economic relations.
If you decide to open your own business and do not know where to start, we recommend that you contact a lawyer who will help you deal with many important issues, in particular:

the procedure for compiling the relevant registration documentation;
the process of direct registration of IP;
choosing the optimal taxation system;
the procedure for closing an IP that has a certain debt to the fiscal system.

You can get such a consultation for the development of your business for free.

Features of the procedure for registration of IP

Opening an individual enterprise is associated with many legal subtleties. In particular, it is important to fill out an application correctly and choose the taxation system that suits you best in order to obtain a business permit.

In addition, it is important to determine the priority codes of OKVED (All-Russian classifier of types of economic activity).

Correct execution of the procedure makes it possible to obtain registration and immediately start legal business activities. At the same time, formal omissions when filling out certain forms can lead to a denial of registration and the emergence of further legal difficulties in registering an individual entrepreneur as a subject of the legal field.

Assistance to small businesses from the state, in this case, is the provision of free legal advice. Points for the provision of such services should be located in each regional center and large city of the Russian Federation, and the number of employees in such points is nominally determined by the number of residents of the city and region.

The government is interested in expanding the network of free legal advice for the development of small businesses, so we should expect an increase in the number of these points. However, the quantitative indicator is not always directly related to the qualitative integral. Therefore, turning to this consultation, be prepared to double-check the information received and take it critically. Although, as experience shows, in most cases the system of free consultations works effectively. The development of your business in 2019 with the help of government support methods can demonstrate a significantly more intensive pace.

Small business is not only an opportunity for effective self-employment and the removal of part of the social responsibility from the state apparatus. This is, first of all, the creation of new jobs and the payment of taxes, which will not only replenish the state treasury, but also contribute to the further economic development of the region.

The state is interested in increasing the segment of small and medium-sized businesses, and the latter, in turn, needs state support. This is a kind of cycle, where each element of the system is in its place and performs a specific function. In return for his economic loyalty, the entrepreneur must know that in difficult times he has the right to expect support from the state.

The state actively provides assistance to small businesses, as it is interested in its development.

It has been proven that regions with actively developing small businesses and a large number of individual entrepreneurs are economically more efficient and socially prosperous than large industrial regions, where the priority of the state is given to the development of large corporations.

At the same time, it is important to remember that state support should be manifested not only in the form of written and oral declarations, but also in a system of specific practical actions aimed at improving the social and economic situation of individual entrepreneurs in the Russian Federation, as an equal subject of economic relations. To get the first profit from your business, you need to invest a lot of effort and time - therefore, state support at this stage is a very important factor.

Simplified taxation: a step forward for sole proprietorship

When registering an individual entrepreneur, you can choose a simplified taxation regime, which will greatly facilitate the system of financial interaction with fiscal control authorities and receive some additional economic benefits. Simply put, you choose a single six percent or less (depending on the intricacies of local legislation) income tax scheme.

The scheme for determining and paying a simplified tax for individual entrepreneurs is detailed on the official website of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation.

It should be noted that IP is one of the most promising and creditworthy taxpayers in the state financial system. Therefore, the system of state support for individual entrepreneurs is especially relevant. This is the segment of the economically active population that is most adaptable to change, dynamic and willing to respond.

Planning: the key to success

An entrepreneur, starting the registration procedure, must clearly understand the goals and objectives of implementing his business project. To open a successful enterprise, it is not enough just a general idea, no matter how brilliant it is. In the best case, you should have a carefully crafted business plan on hand, in which all economic forecasts and expectations will be displayed step by step, including items of unforeseen costs and other negative factors.

All this is quite difficult to implement if you do not have the proper experience. But this is exactly what state assistance is intended for - professional specialized consultants working with the fiscal services will help you cope with the initial difficulties and successfully pass the registration stage.

It is important to understand that a novice entrepreneur really needs support, both financial, legal, and psychological. Each of us needs to be aware that he is not alone in his plans and intentions, and, in case of difficulties, he will have somewhere to turn for help and support.

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Any state is interested in the development of entrepreneurship. An increase in the number of active small enterprises causes an improvement in the quality of life of citizens and an increase in economic indicators in general. In addition, huge corporations cannot quickly respond to changes in the market situation and are unable to meet the changing needs of the population in time.

Support for small businesses 2018, state programs to promote private entrepreneurship is a fairly common practice in Western countries. Most often, the authorities are interested in small local companies that improve the economic situation in a single city: providing them with various benefits and subsidies makes it possible to increase the competitiveness of products and the investment attractiveness of the region.

In Russia, this form of assistance is less common: local self-government bodies usually do not have the budget necessary to implement such measures. Nevertheless, domestic entrepreneurs can take advantage of an alternative option - the SME development assistance program being implemented at the federal level, which includes many ways of both financial and infrastructural support for newly created businesses.

Who can count on help?

Studying the state policy towards private entrepreneurs, it can be noted that the current programs of financial and non-material support are focused mainly on representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. To find out if a particular company belongs to this category, it is necessary to take into account the average number of employees and the volume of annual turnover:

Enterprise Format

Thus, only the indicated business entities can apply for state assistance in 2018, provided that they meet some additional requirements:

Term of existence - no more than two years;
The SME entity is registered with the tax service;
The company has no debts on tax and fund deductions.

Funds are distributed unevenly among applicants: in order to increase the likelihood of success in attracting third-party funding, an entrepreneur must work in one of the priority areas today:

Production of essential goods;
Ecological tourism services;
Various directions of folk art;
Agro-industrial sector;
Department of Housing and Utilities;
Social entrepreneurship;
Scientific and technical sphere.

Where can you get help?

Many institutions and organizations have the authority to resolve issues of providing assistance to entrepreneurs. Each of them operates in a designated area and has its own budget:

City Administration. In the department of economic development, you can get information about all types of federal and local programs of financial support for small businesses in 2018;
Entrepreneurship Support Funds. Conduct an examination of projects submitted by entrepreneurs and, based on the results obtained, allocate funds for financing small enterprises;
Chambers of Commerce and Industry. Provide free consultations on marketing, finance, legal support and certification, as well as help to take part in various federal and international exhibitions;
Business incubators. Provide infrastructure support to start-up entrepreneurs, provide space and equipment for doing business;
Venture funds. The most promising startups are identified and grants are allocated to support small businesses in 2018. Priority for the funds are scientific, technical and innovative projects.

Types of programs

State support programs for entrepreneurial activity in 2018 are implemented at different administrative levels. In accordance with the scale and volume of funding, they can be classified as:

Federal programs:

Designed for implementation nationwide;
Characterized by large amounts of financial support for small businesses in 2018;
Operate funds mainly for large-scale projects;
Implementing a development strategy for already operating enterprises.

Regional programs:

Operate within the boundaries of administrative regions;
Operate with the budget of a particular region or region;
Designed for the development of regional infrastructure.

Local Programs:

Implemented for city or district entrepreneurs;
Have a relatively small amount of funding;
Solve local economic problems.

Direct Financial Assistance

When subsidizing, funds under the 2018 Small Business Support Program are issued to the entrepreneur free of charge. In other cases, we are talking about concessional loans and loans provided for a long period at a reduced interest rate. However, any form of financing has a specified purpose and is accompanied by documentary reporting in the prescribed form. So, money can be spent on:

Renting premises or land;
Purchase of fixed assets;
Purchase of raw materials and consumables;
Purchase of production equipment.

Grants

This type of financing is available not only for businessmen starting to register their first enterprise, but also for those who have been engaged in commercial activities for no more than two years. Competitions among entrepreneurs and distribution of grants are carried out by:

Department for Entrepreneurship Development;
Department of Economic Development;
Local governments;
SME support funds;
Unions of Entrepreneurs.

Local authorities at the beginning of each year clarify the list of priority activities: this information can be found on the website of the entrepreneurship support center. Most often, scientific developments (30% of the total amount of funding), projects with high social significance (30%), production and the agro-industrial sector (20%), and trade (12%) are preferred. In accordance with the law, grants cannot be received by enterprises that produce excisable goods, work with real estate or investments, extract minerals or carry out gaming activities.

Of course, the amount of funding depends on the budget of the region. So, in Moscow, Samara or Perm, an entrepreneur can count on 500,000 rubles, while in other regions the grant is limited to 300,000 rubles. It is assumed that these funds will be used to cover 30-50% of the total project budget. The businessman will have to find the rest of the money on his own.

In order to confirm the validity of your claims for a grant, you must use documents to prove that the company belongs to the SME category in terms of the number of jobs and the amount of annual turnover.

In addition, the entrepreneur must:

Provide documentary evidence of the absence of other financial assistance;
Submit the Registration Certificate, constituent documents, business plan;
Confirm the availability of own funds with a bank statement;
Request a positive credit report from the National Bureau.

Concessional lending

Concessional lending is one of the possible ways out for those who cannot count on other ways of financial support from the state to small businesses in 2018. As with the allocation of grants, the likelihood of obtaining a loan with a minimum interest rate is higher for those who work in priority areas for the state. These include innovation, the production of essential goods, knowledge-intensive industries, and agriculture.

For lending, you should contact not only government agencies and funds, but also directly to banks or lending communities: many of them develop their own products for entrepreneurs. Target spending of money is checked in any case - it can be:

Financing the acquisition of fixed assets, production equipment for the implementation of new projects;
Reimbursement of current expenses associated with the project (up to 30% of the loan amount);
Replenishment of working capital.

The loan is provided in the form of a one-time payment, revolving or non-revolving line in the amount of 50 million to a billion rubles. The term of the contract can be any, but the preferential program is valid for a maximum of three years. Also, to participate in it, an entrepreneur must invest his own funds in the project in the amount of:

20% for loans in the amount of 500 million rubles;
20% for loans, the repayment of which is expected from the profit received as a result of the launch of the funded project;
Without restrictions - for other investment projects.

Interest rates for using a loan are set for small enterprises at the level of 11–11.8% per annum, for medium ones - from 10% per annum.

Microloans

In some cases, entrepreneurs do not need large-scale financing in the amount of tens of millions of rubles to implement projects. An alternative for those wishing to receive from 100,000 to 3,000,000 rubles can be another form of support for small businesses in 2018 - the provision of microloans. To qualify for this assistance, a business must operate in one of the following industries:

Agro-industrial production;
Construction;
Commodity production and processing of products;
Innovative and scientific activity;
Services sector.

The loan is issued for a period of three months to three years at a rate of 10% per annum. The intended purpose of such funding involves:

Replenishment of inventory and working capital;
Lease or purchase of commercial real estate;
Repair of real estate objects;
Rent or purchase of commercial vehicles;
Purchase of machine tools and technological lines;
Purchase of raw materials and materials;
Refinancing of previously issued loans.

The financial institution may require the entrepreneur to secure the loan with collateral. With an amount of up to 300,000 rubles, either movable and immovable property, or a guarantee is used as such. For lending volumes exceeding the specified limit, these types of guarantees are used together.

Indirect financial assistance

There is nothing surprising in the fact that entrepreneurs are primarily interested in the question of whether. However, the state allocates much more funds for the implementation of other types of support: this circumstance makes us think about a more careful study of alternative types of assistance to SMEs.

tax holidays

The first two years of operation of a small business can be considered the most difficult - at this stage, the company's expenses significantly exceed income. Therefore, the state SME support program provides for special tax incentives for small businesses in 2018:

For individual entrepreneurs using the simplified tax system - the possibility of reducing the rate from 6% to 1%;
For individual entrepreneurs using PSN - a decrease in the amount of potential income from 1,000,000 rubles to 500,000 rubles per year;
For individual entrepreneurs using UTII - the possibility of reducing the rate from 15% to 7.5%.

Start-up entrepreneurs can receive benefits in 2018 without restrictions, as the law extends the duration of the program through 2020, inclusive. Additionally, the rules for the application of tax holidays are established:

The reduction of the rate is allowed only for enterprises registered for the first time. Existing individual entrepreneurs cannot receive such a benefit;
To apply a special tax rate, an enterprise must switch to UTII, STS or PSN no later than two years after registration;
The benefit can be assigned for a period not exceeding two years;
Tax holidays in 2018 are provided to entrepreneurs working in the social, industrial or scientific fields. At the same time, the share of the company's income from these types of activities must exceed 70% of the total profit.

Compensation rates on loans

It is difficult to find any type of entrepreneurial activity that does not require periodic lending. Turning to banks, the owners of companies, in the absence of an alternative, are most often forced to accept not the most advantageous offers. At first glance, it seems that it is impossible to correct the situation, however, there is a way out here too: the corresponding program of state support for small businesses in Russia in 2018 allows, to a certain extent, to reduce the credit burden.

Of course, reimbursement of the body of the loan is still the main task of the entrepreneur. But it is possible to partially compensate for the interest rate for using the loan at the expense of the state. Assistance is provided in the scope of:

1/3 of the refinancing rate set for 2018 (7.75%) for contracts with a term of less than two years;
1/2 of the refinancing rate for loans issued for a period of 2 to 3 years;
2/3 of the refinancing rate for loans issued for a period of more than three years.

The purpose of lending is also important in this case: the funds should be directed to the acquisition of fixed assets, the purchase of equipment, raw materials and materials, the expansion and reconstruction of production. The assessment of the expediency of allocating assistance is carried out on the basis of the data on the social and economic benefits of the project given in the business plan. Social criteria include:

Creation of additional jobs;
Increasing wages for employees.

Equally important are the economic criteria for the effectiveness of the project:

Growth in financing for the purchase of fixed assets;
Increase in the scope of work;
Quantitative increase in the volume of goods produced.

Loan guarantee

Banks, in an attempt to improve their financial performance and reduce risks, regularly tighten requirements for SME borrowers. For this reason, the number of company owners who managed to get around all the bureaucratic obstacles and get the desired funding is constantly decreasing.

Meanwhile, entrepreneurs can use an effective way to solve the problem - the state program to support small businesses in 2018 in the field of providing loan guarantees. Today, it is being implemented by entrepreneurship assistance funds financed from the federal or regional budgets.

Their priority areas are:

Production of products;
Folk crafts;
Scientific developments, innovations;
Construction;
Social business;
Housing and communal services;
Transport services;
Communication and telecommunications;
Domestic tourism.

Businessmen working in these industries are provided with the maximum guarantee, which allows them to receive up to 70% of the required security; accordingly, the entrepreneur must find the remaining 30% on his own. For non-priority industries, guarantees are somewhat less - within 50%. In addition, the service is paid: for its provision, the fund charges 0.75–1.25% of the guarantee amount.

In any case, a loan is issued by a bank participating in the state program, therefore, the borrower must first of all meet the requirements of the financial institution chosen for cooperation. As for guarantee funds, their conditions are somewhat more loyal:

Before applying to the fund, the enterprise must operate for at least six months;
The entrepreneur should not have debts for taxes and payments to the FIU;
The applicant must provide a security deposit of 30-50% of the loan amount.

Compensation of lease payments

As an alternative to rent, leasing has become not only a very popular way of obtaining equipment among entrepreneurs, but also a separate effective tool in the list of support programs for small and medium-sized businesses in 2018. In fact, company owners are offered a mechanism for partial subsidization of leasing payments: to receive such assistance, an entrepreneur must apply to the regional office of the Ministry of Economic Development. Reimbursement is made on a shared basis with certain restrictions:

Partial compensation of the first installment under the concluded leasing agreement in the amount of up to 50%. However, the amount of compensation should not exceed 500,000 rubles;
Partial compensation of regular lease payments up to 2/3 of the refinancing rate. The total amount of the subsidy should not exceed 5 million rubles.

Support can be obtained by business entities that have concluded contracts for the leasing of production equipment, machine tools, production lines, trucks and light vehicles and machines. The subsidy is not available:

Companies purchasing equipment for trading activities;
Enterprises forced to pay penalties under the contract;
Entrepreneurs who have not demonstrated the proper level of social efficiency and have not created one job for every million rubles of compensation;
Companies operating in the areas of lending and insurance, audit, financial management of depositors, gambling and sweepstakes, real estate and trade.

Help for farmers

State support for small businesses in Russia 2018 includes a separate program to assist entrepreneurs working in the agro-industrial sector, which is a priority for the country. Novice farmers are compensated up to 90% of the total documented amount of expenses for:

Purchase of agricultural land;
Construction of a house and home improvement;
Design of production shops and warehouses;
Purchase and repair of production shops and warehouses;
Construction of access roads to production facilities;
Connecting workshops and warehouses to engineering networks;
Purchase of agricultural and cargo machinery, production equipment;
Purchase of planting material;
Purchase of fertilizers and herbicides.

A subsidy can be received by a farm only once - in the first six months of the enterprise's operation. The maximum amount of financing reaches 1.5 million rubles: the funds transferred in 2018 must be disbursed within 18 months.

Assistance for entrepreneurs creating family livestock farms looks somewhat different: in this case, the grant amount increases to 3 million rubles, however, the applicant must provide evidence of his own funds in the amount of at least 40% of the total project cost. You need to spend money within 24 months for predetermined purposes:

Farm design;
Construction and equipment of the farm;
Construction and equipment of workshops for product processing;
Purchase and installation of farm equipment;
Purchase of farm animals.

The State Commission conducts a mandatory competition among applicants. The training of farmers is assessed according to the following criteria:

Higher education, work experience in the agro-industrial sector or running your own subsidiary farm for 10 years;
Quality business plan;
Own funds in the amount of 40% of the declared cost of the project;
Contracts concluded with consumers of products;
Successful entrepreneurial activity for 6 months.

In 2018, there will be changes in the mechanism for issuing grants for farmers. It is expected that the state will transfer money to the enterprise's account not in one payment, but in stages, as the previous parts are mastered.

Other types of assistance

In addition to direct or indirect financial state support for small businesses, in 2018, other types of assistance are also available to entrepreneurs, which involve the creation of more comfortable conditions for doing business.

Rental of municipal property

Federal and local governments often have real estate that is underused or not used at all. The developers of the SME assistance program considered it expedient to lease such municipal facilities to start-up entrepreneurs on a preferential basis.

Business owners can receive similar property support when concluding a lease for a period of more than five years. Basic rates are determined based on the opinion of independent appraisers, formed in accordance with the situation on the real estate market. This data is then used to calculate the preferential rate for the first three years of the lease:

During the first year, the tariff is 40% of the rent;
During the second year - 60%;
During the third year - 80%;
For the fourth and subsequent years, the entrepreneur pays the full rate.

Compensation for participation in exhibitions

Even entrepreneurs who have information about existing business support programs often do not know about this type of assistance. In fact, the SPM subject can post factum compensate up to half of the total costs associated with exhibition activities, provided that the amount of the subsidy does not exceed 150 thousand rubles a year. Reimbursable expenses include:

Rent of space, installation of stands, creation of exhibition infrastructure;
Transportation of exhibits to the place of demonstration and back;
Organization of negotiations, presentations, printing of promotional materials;
Translation services.

To receive compensation, you must submit an application, an agreement with the organizers of the exhibition, a copy of the document on payment for participation in the event, as well as a certificate of completion to the local Center for Entrepreneurship Support.

Tuition reimbursement

Many newly created enterprises face the problem of insufficient qualification of employees. Expenses for their training in various trainings, seminars and courses at first can be an undesirable burden on the business. Meanwhile, in this case, there is a program of reimbursement of expenses: you just need to submit to the appropriate authorities evidence of training in the form of paid bills, diplomas or contracts concluded with training centers. Subsidies are subject to 50% of the costs in the amount of not more than 40 thousand rubles a year.

Of course, the management of a large enterprise is unlikely to consider such a relatively small compensation as a serious motivation. However, it should be remembered that almost all companies are forced to regularly send their lawyers and accountants to various seminars, and therefore a partial reimbursement of tuition fees can be considered an incentive bonus for growing small businesses.

Small Business Help: Organizational Support System + 4 Detailed Options.

A small business that gives its owner financial independence is the dream of everyone who does not want to work for his uncle.

Unfortunately, not everyone can boast of having a decent amount on their account to start a planned project.

Of course, there is always a way. In this case, there are several of them - to be patient and earn capital, to take a loan or loan from relatives / friends / acquaintances,.

But there is also an option like small business assistance which is of several types.

So, today we will talk about how our state supports the development of beginners and experienced entrepreneurs.

State assistance to small businesses: an organizational system for supporting entrepreneurs

The main regulatory act that you need to rely on in matters of our article is Federal Law No. 209 "On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation."

Its full text can be found by clicking on the link: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_52144

Also, each region has its own body, which is responsible for the implementation of measures to help entrepreneurs.

A complete list of them is available on the official website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation in the "Small Business" section: http://economy.gov.ru/minec/activity/sections/smallBusiness

Why is it important to support entrepreneurs?

So, in Russia, only thanks to small and medium-sized businesses, more than 16 million citizens are provided with jobs (and this is a quarter of the entire employed population).

In addition, 20% of GDP is accounted for by SMEs, although in the world this figure is close to 35%, so we have room to strive.

The role of SMEs in the economy of the whole country is very significant. Briefly describe its importance:

creation of new jobs;
formation of healthy competition in the market and adequate pricing for goods and services;
revenues to the budgets of all levels;
filling those niches where big business cannot fit in (provision of household services to the population, small wholesale, marketing).

But owners of small and medium-sized businesses have to constantly face problems and difficulties:

economic instability in the country;
lack of financial resources for both opening and developing a business;
a large tax burden and the complexity of compiling financial statements;
constant changes in legislation;
lack of personnel (qualified specialists prefer to work for the “sharks” of business, ignoring entrepreneurs);
difficulty in obtaining loans (not every bank wants to deal with a small business).

Agree, not every experienced businessman will be able to withstand the difficulties described above, what can we say about beginners.

That is why the state should provide assistance to entrepreneurs.

In 2016, more than 11 billion rubles were allocated from the Russian budget to support SMEs.

But, unfortunately, the amount of assistance to small businesses from the state tends to decrease.

So, in 2014, about 20 billion rubles were allocated to support SMEs, and already in 2015 - 17 billion. In 2016, it was planned to provide financial assistance in the amount of almost 15 billion from the federal budget, but in fact it turned out to be 11 billion.

In 2017, this downward trend in financial assistance continues. The state is ready to provide only 7.5 billion rubles.

Therefore, those who rely on it will have to make a lot of efforts to get it.

The structure of spending on helping small businesses in 2017 looks like this:

Expenses	Amount, billion
Formation of infrastructure for the development of SMEs	3,06
Measures to support single-industry municipalities	0,74
Creation and development of information and consulting support	0,72
Creation of an infrastructure to support SMEs operating in the field of innovation and industrial production	0,69
Completion of capital construction projects	1,6
Promoting the development of youth entrepreneurship	0,23
Creation of multifunctional business centers	0,135

We have figured out the facts and figures, but what is the assistance to small businesses from the state?

So, there are such forms of support for SMEs:

financial - providing financial resources for the opening and development of small businesses (compensations, subsidies, grants, soft loans);
property - provision of state property to entrepreneurs on the rights of use (land plots, industrial premises);
information and consulting- formation of information systems, as well as free consultations on doing business (trainings, seminars, courses);
infrastructural- formation of comfortable conditions for doing business, as well as the creation of business incubators, multi-purpose funds, centers of entrepreneurs;
organizational- assistance in participation in exhibition events and fairs.

Help for small businesses: who can count?

The priority areas that the state is ready to help are:

area of food and industrial production;
innovation;
provision of household and communal services;
healthcare;
tourism, in particular ecotourism;
folk craft and creativity.

Assistance to small and medium businesses: 4 types

In general, there are 4 types of material assistance to small and medium-sized businesses from the state. Let's consider each of them.

1. Money from the employment center (self-employment grant).

In order to combat unemployment and informal employment, the state is ready to provide one-time financial assistance to start a small business.

The amount of assistance in 2017 is 58.8 thousand rubles.

If your business can provide work for one or more citizens, then the self-employment grant can be increased by 58.8 thousand rubles. for each hired employee.

The action of this program applies exclusively to the opening of individual entrepreneurship and cannot be applied to:

minors (under 16) and pensioners;
full-time students;
operating individual entrepreneurs or founders of LLC;
citizens with disabilities belonging to the non-working group;
young mothers on maternity leave;
those who work under an employment contract;
those who refused the work offered at the employment center.

In addition to the documents that must be submitted in order to register with the employment center, in order to receive government assistance for small businesses, you will need:

statement;
a copy of the bank account;
project.

If you are unemployed and want to get start-up capital to start your own business, you will need to follow these steps:

So, your application is approved, after that they will conclude an agreement with you that you received money to open a business. The funds received should be spent only for the intended purpose and you need to move strictly according to plan.

You need to appear within the time limits set by the employment center to provide reports on the funds spent.

In case of violation of the terms of the contract (misuse, premature termination of business activities), you will have to receive assistance.

2. Grants for start-up entrepreneurs.

This option of helping small businesses from the state is suitable for those who have some money for its opening and development.

That is, the funds are ready to compensate for part of the costs of opening a business in the amount of up to 500 thousand rubles.

The grant scheme is as follows:

Drawing up a strategy.

This includes drawing up a detailed business plan that will address production, organizational, financial, and marketing issues.

The study of public funds.

On the website of the ministry, you can find bodies and funds that are ready to support.

Familiarize yourself with the directions and requirements for candidates for which organizations work.

Preparation of documents and drawing up an application.

This stage must be approached with all responsibility, because in the absence of even one document or with an incorrectly completed application, the commission may reject your candidacy.

Sending an application and waiting for the decision of the commission.

The commission draws up a certain scoring system, according to which it evaluates the submitted projects.

The person with the most points will be the recipient of the grant.

The funds received can be spent on the purchase of equipment, equipment, raw materials, rent coverage, but not for paying salaries to employees. In any case, the use of money should be targeted.

Unfortunately, not everyone can receive such a grant for opening a small and medium-sized business.

For the rational distribution of financial resources, the state may determine various requirements for candidates:

entrepreneurial age no more than 2 years;
passing basic courses on entrepreneurial activity;
business should not be related to gaming, banking, insurance activities, as well as the provision of intermediary services and the resale of goods;
no debt to the state;
employment of a certain number of people.

dismissed from the previous place of work;
university graduates;
single mother;
retired military;
invalids.

Ideas that the commission will consider for issuing grants:

innovation;
socially significant industries;
Agriculture;
export-oriented production;
education;
tourism;
advertising, marketing.

3. Credit on preferential terms.

Getting a loan from a bank is a rather complicated and painstaking work, which does not always end in success.

Therefore, why not try your luck and ask for a loan from the state, but on favorable terms?

The essence of obtaining a preferential loan is as follows:

Guaranteed lending support is provided by the Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises.
As of now, preferential rates for lending to small businesses are 11%, for medium-sized businesses - 10% (for comparison: you can take a loan under normal conditions at 24-25% per annum).
The maximum loan amount is 1 billion rubles, and the term is 3 years.
Loans are issued to those entrepreneurs whose successful activity lasts about six months.
Loans are not given to those who are on the verge of bankruptcy, who have outstanding debts and questionable credit history.

A loan on favorable terms can be issued for the following purposes:

increase in working capital;
purchase of real estate and transport for doing business;
participation in government contracts.

4. Subsidizing small and medium businesses.

Assistance to small businesses from the state in the form of subsidies is carried out on the basis of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1605: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_173683

For those who do not know: subsidies are the receipt of a certain amount of funds for specific purposes.

As a rule, money is issued on a gratuitous and irrevocable basis. Unlike a grant, the amounts of which are received in tranches, the subsidy is received in one amount at once.

To help small and medium-sized businesses, the following types of subsidies are issued in the following amounts:

Type of subsidy	Sum
Subsidies for reimbursement of interest on loans	Compensation of 3/4 of the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation as of the date of conclusion of the loan agreement (up to 5 million rubles and not more than 70% of the actual costs incurred)
Subsidies for reimbursement of part of the costs under financial lease (leasing) agreements	5 million rubles (but not more than 30% of the value of the leased asset)
Compensation for part of the costs associated with training and (or) advanced training of employees	75% of the cost of training, but not more than 90 thousand rubles, for each trained employee
Reimbursement of part of the costs associated with the payment of the first installment (advance) when concluding an equipment leasing agreement in order to create and (or) develop and (or) modernize the production of goods (works, services)	100% of the paid installment (advance) of the equipment leasing agreement, but not more than 3 million rubles.

The amount of subsidies may differ in different regions, but the scheme for issuing them is approximately the same:

Compliance check:
- the period of activity of the enterprise is not more than 2 years;
- lack of debt;
- the candidate himself is able to cover the costs of the project in the amount of 50% of the total amount.
Filing an application
Application acceptance
Competitive selection
Receiving a subsidy, providing reports on the targeted use of assistance to small businesses.

The new state program provides an opportunity for beginners

entrepreneurs to start their own business.

How to get this help is explained in detail in the video:

Small Business Assistance Program

In 2017, the following programs of assistance to small businesses from the state will operate:

"Cooperation" - you can get up to 20 million rubles. for business development, namely: improving the quality of the goods produced or the service provided;
"Development" - the maximum amount of assistance to small businesses can be 15 million rubles, which must be spent on improving production and creating new jobs;
"Start" - carried out in 3 stages: 1 million rubles, 2 million rubles. and 3 million rubles. This small business assistance program is focused on creating new products and technologies.

The proposed list does not end there, as there are many other programs, as well as funds that provide support to entrepreneurs.

Help for small businesses not limited to the state. There are many foreign, venture, investment funds that are ready to cooperate with young and promising entrepreneurs.

You just need to knock on all the doors, and not wait for someone to want to sponsor your idea.

Of course, those who produce a socially significant product or make an innovative breakthrough are more likely to succeed. But again, everything is in your hands, so do not be lazy and start acting.

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Despite all the difficulties and bureaucratic obstacles, more and more Russians are striving to become independent and open their own business. We have long been taught to perceive the state not as an assistant, but as an insurmountable barrier to profit. What are the chances that money for business from the state in 2018 will still be in your budget?

What help can you expect

The time when small businesses were left to their own devices is long gone. Today, the development of this sphere is a priority in the domestic policy of the state.
According to new changes in legislation, individual entrepreneurs can count on the following benefits:

cash subsidies;
covering the costs of training (often, however, only partial);
internships;
leasing on preferential terms;
free or preferential outsourcing service;
grants;
discounts for participation in exhibitions, fairs;
partial compensation of interest on loans;
provision of guarantees and guarantees by state funds, which simplifies access to borrowed resources.

It is also worth noting that not only government funds are involved in supporting small businesses. Investment funds, public organizations, business schools, government agencies are among those who provide assistance to newcomers. They are the connecting link between the state and entrepreneurs.

Subsidies for start-up entrepreneurs

The business support decree applies to everyone who has a USRIP record sheet. These individuals may apply for cash grants.

The main condition is that the registered enterprise should not be more than two years old. It is such a business that is considered as a start-up and can enjoy the privileges of the entrepreneurship support program.

The amount of assistance is set depending on the region in which your company is registered. The maximum assistance that can be received in the capital is 500,000 rubles. In the regions, no more than 300 thousand are allocated. However, it is worth considering that due to the crisis in the country, money to support small businesses is transferred from the state budget quite slowly, so not all funds accept applications for subsidies.

It should also be understood that the individual entrepreneur receives the allocated money for business development from the state on the terms of co-investment. It is impossible to organize your enterprise only with state money; you will also need to make personal savings.

In addition, the subsidy can only be used for strictly regulated purposes:

payment for the rent of the premises;
equipping the workplaces of employees;
purchase of materials and raw materials for production (only 1/5 of the assistance received can be used).

You will need to report on how much and where you spent the money fund. For verification, the regulatory authority will require receipts, certificates, contracts. In addition, you must first familiarize yourself with the financing conditions in your region in order not to violate the requirements of local laws.

Support for the unemployed

Support for business by the state can be implemented in another way - through the employment center. To receive assistance, you must first register with the local employment center as unemployed. Then it is reasonable to refuse all the proposed vacancies, draw up a business plan for future activities and submit it for consideration along with other necessary documents.

If everything is done correctly, you will be allocated funds to bring the project to life. The amount of assistance, of course, is not too large - 58,800 rubles. But if you have a viable idea and a strong desire to implement it, this should be enough to start.

An important condition for obtaining this type of assistance is constant (quarterly) reporting on the expenditure of funds to the employment center. If it turns out that the money for business from the state was directed not for the purposes provided for by the business plan, the entrepreneur will be obliged to return the subsidy. He will be blacklisted and will no longer receive government assistance in the future.

Other help options

There are a number of other options for state support.

Free education

The most common cause of business failure is a lack of knowledge about running a business. They, in turn, are difficult to acquire due to the high cost of the relevant educational services. As a grant, the state provides aspiring entrepreneurs with the opportunity to attend various courses, seminars and lectures free of charge.

Rental discounts

State support can also be expressed in the form of discounts on rent for premises for office or production. True, such assistance is possible only if the building or premises being rented is on the balance sheet of the state fund. If you want to get it, be prepared to participate in the competition for the title of the most deserving tenant. If you win, you will be additionally allocated a subsidy for connecting all the necessary communications.

Many people dream of starting their own business, which will later bring a stable passive income.

However, often the desire to work for yourself is hindered by the need to attract start-up capital. Finding funds can be a big problem, because in order to get a bank loan, you need to collect a lot of formal documents and it’s not a fact that the manager will approve the loan.

Loans in microfinance organizations are an unprofitable source of financing for starting a business.

There remains the only option that anyone can use - this is a state subsidy for starting a business. Getting funding to open and promote a small business is a very real source. What should someone who plans to take advantage of the subsidy program know?

What is a small business subsidy?

"Subsidy for small business" is the transfer of a certain amount of money to a businessman.

At the same time, a businessman must clearly follow a predetermined plan for investing resources.

As a rule, government subsidies are provided free of charge and are non-refundable.

The main goal of state programs to support small businesses is to develop the country's economy by creating a favorable climate for starting your own business.

Should we expect real help from the state?

The answer to this question is definitely positive. The state pursues its hidden interests by issuing subsidies. This is the opening of additional jobs, and the overall development of the country's economy. It is not for nothing that well-known economists call small and medium-sized enterprises the "lungs" of the country.

The most convenient option for obtaining assistance from the state in starting a business is a subsidy on an irrevocable basis.

All support for small and medium-sized businesses is regulated by a single program for the development of entrepreneurship, which is approved by the Duma.

When applying for state aid, it is recommended to be guided by the points of this program.

Residents of rural areas have good chances to receive a subsidy for the development of entrepreneurship. For example, a very popular activity is breeding bees. Subsidies for such business are given almost unconditionally. It must also be remembered that a well-written business plan plays an important role in obtaining a subsidy for starting a business.

Varieties

How to get support for small businesses from the state? Today in the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Russian Federation) there are several types of subsidies for small and medium-sized businesses.

Their main difference lies in the intended purpose of funds.

State assistance is provided strictly in the specified areas of activity for specific purposes. Thus, the state develops a sphere that is beneficial to it in the short or medium term.

Programs to support small businesses are also not the same for different regions of the Russian Federation. The main document that defines targeted support for industries in the region is the Federal Law on the Development of Small Business.

The most common subsidy programs are cash transfers for the opening and development of a business.

How to get government assistance?

State subsidies for start-up businessmen are issued by various self-government bodies.

There are subsidies that are issued to unemployed citizens at the Employment Centers at the place of residence or registration.

If a person registers at the Labor Exchange as unemployed, then he has every right to one-time state assistance to open his own business.

However, obtaining this type of subsidy requires preliminary preparation of a business plan with a detailed description of the project for which funds are taken and the subsequent submission of a report on the expenditure of money.

The issuance of targeted subsidies for starting or developing a business is carried out by the Centers for Supporting Small and Medium Businesses, which operate in each region. As a rule, these state institutions are closely connected with the system of municipal self-government.

To receive a subsidy for opening a business, you must register at the Employment Service at the place of registration.

After that, a citizen who applies for a subsidy must write an application. The next stage is the preparation of a project plan with the calculation of the payback period and the overall profitability indicator. The business plan is considered at a special meeting of the commission.

If the business plan meets all the criteria, then the Employment Center gives a positive decision regarding the issuance of a subsidy. After the approval of the terms for the payment of funds, the recipient of state assistance to small businesses is obliged to register an individual enterprise. The subsidy is transferred upon the fact that a citizen of the Russian Federation provides documents on state registration of a business.

To receive a subsidy for the development of an already operating enterprise, its owner must provide documents. The subsidy is issued only for individual entrepreneurs and LLCs.

There are also some separate programs for issuing subsidies for individual entrepreneurs in different regions of the Russian Federation.

The age of the company under which state aid is issued should not exceed one year (for some programs - two years).

If the company operates in a priority area for the region, then the receipt of a subsidy is 100% guaranteed. In all other cases, officials may reject the application for a subsidy. Priority areas of activity are often published on the official websites of individual regions of the Russian Federation. An entrepreneur who has received a subsidy is obliged to use the funds strictly for the intended purpose with the provision of an expense report.

The standard goals for using state aid are as follows:

payment for components and raw materials for the production of products;
purchase of equipment and consumables for it;
purchase of programs, production technologies or patents, as well as other types of intangible assets.

Almost always, the period of use of funds under subsidies is limited to two years from the date of their issuance. However, there may be exceptions in some cases.

Most subsidy programs have a prerequisite, which consists in the businessman investing his own funds (a certain percentage of the subsidy amount) in the business. For example, the recipient of a subsidy must invest at least 45% of the amount of state assistance in starting his business.

The specific ratio of borrowed and own money is established for each federal program separately.

Some enterprises in Russia, despite the form of their activity, cannot qualify for state subsidies.

These include alcohol and cigarette companies. Also, the subsidy is not provided to firms that rent equipment for short-term lease (hire).

When compiling a business plan for obtaining assistance, it must be borne in mind that its evaluation will be carried out according to certain criteria. The main one is the profitability of the organization. Also, the lower the risk of losing money, the higher the probability of obtaining a positive decision in issuing a subsidy.

An important criterion in approving a subsidy is the desire of the entrepreneur himself to create new jobs. The future businessman must in every possible way demonstrate to the loan commission his interest in business development.

What could be the reason for rejection?

A common and very common reason for denial of a subsidy is the inconsistency of the applicant's project with the field of activity supported by a particular fund. If a person has requested too large an amount, then the public service may lower the “bar” or even refuse to issue a subsidy.

The Fund for the issuance of subsidies gives an answer, as a rule, not earlier than six months from the date of writing the application. Therefore, if you really need funding, then you can apply for a subsidy to several funds at once.

Fund for the issuance of state subsidies

Another typical reason for rejection is a dubious or poorly written business plan. The grant committee must make sure that the money will be used for its intended purpose. Subsidies are not issued for projects that are outside the Russian Federation. Also, the refusal to issue subsidies is likely to await the unemployed, who has already received state assistance once.

Before applying to an institution for obtaining a patent or subsidies, it is imperative to think through everything to the smallest detail and collect documents. – content and summary, market analysis, financial calculations.

Perhaps this will come in handy for you - read everything about obtaining an extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities online.

And here you will learn how to find an investor to open a promising business. Where to start the search and how to draw up contracts correctly?

Support provided by the program

Assistance under the subsidy program, as described above, is issued for the opening or development of a business. The money under the subsidy can be spent on financial assistance to an enterprise for the purchase of raw materials, on benefits for placing advertising materials or renting a room / land plot, ordering urgent legal assistance, etc.

List of documents

A citizen who has written an application for a subsidy is obliged to prepare the following documents:

internal passport of the Russian Federation or another document replacing it;
work book (except for young specialists);
diploma of education or certificate;
an order from the Employment Center that this citizen is unemployed.

In addition, you will also need a business plan, as well as copies and originals of the constituent documents for the enterprise.

Expense Report

A citizen who has received a subsidy is obliged to account for the money spent to the last penny. An appropriate report is generated.

Small business loans from the state

An alternative to subsidies are bank loans from the country's leading financial institutions. There are special loan products for small businesses, for example, in Sberbank. The total amount provided by banks can range from 5 to 12 million rubles. The loan term and the annual interest are considered in each case separately. The business itself often acts as collateral for a loan.

In order to find out the effectiveness of the production and sale of the company's products, special calculations are used. , read carefully.

Read about organizing a coffee to go franchise. Is it beneficial?

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