Tree liana or wisteria: planting and care in the open field. How to propagate wisteria, grow wisteria from seeds

With the onset of spring, white and light lilac brushes of beautiful buds begin to bloom in the gardens. It pleases the eye with its wisteria bloom. Planting and caring for a weaving plant is on the shoulder of every summer resident. It can be planted near the gazebo, decorate the entrance gates and walls of the house with a liana. Abundant and prolonged flowering of wisteria creates on personal plot fairyland atmosphere.

plant species

The second name of the plant is wisteria. It belongs to a rare genus of deciduous vines belonging to the legume family. grows in natural conditions in the Caucasus, in East Asia, Crimea and America. Successfully growing wisteria in open ground in the south of Ukraine and Russia, since these regions have quite warm winters and hot summer.

Until recently, residents of a more severe climate had to carefully cover the vine with the onset of cold weather, but despite such care, it often froze and died. Now this problem is solved. Breeders bred a frost-resistant variety of wisteria, which received the poetic name " Blue Moon". It can withstand air temperatures down to -40C, and now tree liana can be safely planted in middle lane Russia, the Urals and southern Siberia.

Wisteria has 9 varieties. The most popular among summer residents, in addition to frost-resistant variety are considered as follows.

• Chinese wisteria. Liana grows up to 20 meters, blooms almost all summer with pale lilac flowers, the brushes of which reach 30 cm;
• Japanese wisteria. This is a low liana. It grows to a length of about 9 meters, but compares favorably with other varieties with larger leaves and flowers;
• Great wisteria. It trudges up to 10 meters. Blooms in June with white or bluish flowers.

Other varieties of wisteria are less common, and they are rarely used for landscaping in our country.

Planting creepers

Before planting, you need to consider that wisteria - perennial, so the place for it should be carefully chosen. Growing wisteria will be more successful if it is rooted in a sunny, wind-sheltered area with nutritious slightly alkaline soil. The plant is planted in open ground in the spring, when the last frosts end and the earth warms up well. If this is done earlier, tender seedlings may not take root.

1. The plot of land where it is planned to grow wisteria must be dug up on a spade bayonet, having previously saturated the soil mineral fertilizer. The recommended dose is 20-30 g per sq. m area.
2. Then dig a hole 50 cm deep and wide, pour inside thick layer broken brick or expanded clay and sprinkle lightly with earth.
3. Then pour a bucket of water into the recess. Wait until it is absorbed, and put a seedling there.
4. Sprinkle it with earth from the garden, gently pressing down with your hands, and moisten the earth again.

Get ready for the fact that at first the wisteria will not actively grow. Do not stop regular care, and gradually it will begin to release thin shoots. The first abundant flowering can be seen no earlier than in 4-5 years.

How to properly care

Competent care consists in gartering young shoots. Cultivation of vines should take place next to a durable and powerful support that can withstand gusts of wind and the weight of an adult plant.

It is advisable to tie the wisteria to the support yourself. If she begins to trail herself, then it will then be difficult to unravel and lay on the ground before frost.

Wisteria care is impossible without regular watering. Make sure that the ground is always moist, but without stagnant water under the bush. From the beginning of flowering until autumn, watering should be slightly reduced. Waterlogged soil can cause wisteria blossoms to fall off. The next day after moistening, do not forget to carefully loosen the ground under the vine so that a crust does not form in the hole that prevents the plant from developing normally. In extreme heat, it is useful to spray the shoots with water from a hose. Such care washes away dust from the leaves and refreshes well.

When the last leaves fall from the wisteria, you need to start preparing for the winter.

1. Since most varieties of wisteria do not tolerate severe frosts they need to be insulated.
2. To do this, spud the root part high, untie the shoots from the support and carefully lay them on the ground.
3. Sprinkle the plant with a thick layer of dry grass and spruce branches on top.

Young shoots are vulnerable to low temperatures, so be sure to cover wisteria in central Russia and in the Ural region.

pruning

In order for the care to be complete, the plant needs pruning. Without it, the wisteria will not bloom well and for a long time. Most wisteria flowers bloom on last year's and the year before last's shoots, so it is important that the color buds on them form correctly. To do this, all the branches of the vine in May are shortened by 2 cm.

Autumn care also includes pruning. In September, the tops should be cut off from young shoots, counting 4 buds from above. By following these recommendations, you will achieve maximum splendor of a flowering plant.

After flowering, do not forget to remove dry buds, and regularly get rid of diseased old branches.

How best to feed

Growing wisteria is impossible without systematic top dressing. During active growth and flowering, they should be produced once a week. Experienced gardeners recommend alternating mineral and organic fertilizers.

Well established "Kemira Lux". He is at long time provides the plant with useful elements. Fertilizer is sold in liquid form and in granules. To feed wisteria, it must be diluted and used strictly according to the instructions.

From organic dressings mullein solution is ideal for wisteria.

1. To cook it, you need a large barrel. Place a bucket of cow dung that has had time to rot there, and pour 5 buckets of water.
2. Stir and leave for 2 weeks for the fertilizer to infuse.
3. After half a month, the top dressing is ready, and it can be used.
4. Before use, dilute the organic solution with water in a ratio of 1:10 and pour wisteria under the root.

In the middle of summer, you can once feed the plant with chalk. To do this, grind 100 g of chalk into powder, dissolve in 10 liters of water and moisten the soil under the growing vine.

If you want to see lush blooms, use nitrogen-containing fertilizers with care. Their excess in the soil will lead to the fact that wisteria will increase its green mass and grow rapidly upwards, but will completely stop blooming.

Reproduction by seeds

Growing vines from seeds is rarely practiced, since the method is quite complicated and not always successful.

1. You will need to prepare soil mixture for landing. Take one part of sand and soddy earth, add four parts of leafy earth to them and mix well.
2. Place the soil in a special box with holes in the bottom, sow the seeds and sprinkle the soil with water from a spray bottle.
3. Cover the top of the box with polyethylene or glass. Put a kind of greenhouse in a warm, dark place for 4 weeks.

During this period, do not forget to raise the glass for ventilation and watering. During this time, the first sprouts will hatch in the box. After a month, they can be put on a lighted windowsill and provide routine care. When the plants form 2 leaves, they need to be transplanted into large containers along with a clod of earth on the roots. During the winter, continue growing seedlings on the windowsill. In the spring they are rooted on the street. They take root well in open ground, but often do not bloom for a long time.

Reproduction by layering

The easiest way to get a new plant is by layering. In May, pick up a healthy young shoot about 15 cm long. Make an oblique cut in the middle with a sharp knife. Next to the liana, place a wide container with fertile soil. Tilt the prepared branch and dig in a pot. The tip of the escape must necessarily remain free. If the layering is provided with complete care, including potassium-phosphorus fertilizing and watering, it will gradually take root and grow.

By autumn, the layering grows well, and it has several branches. Excess shoots must be ruthlessly cut off, carefully separated from the adult wisteria layering and bring the plant in a pot for the winter in the cellar. In the spring it is transplanted to a new place.

In addition to these two methods, some craftsmen manage to propagate wisteria by grafting on roots or cuttings. Methods are ineffective and rarely give a positive result.


In Siberia, wisteria is often grown in summer in large pots, which are placed in the backyard. When late autumn comes, the plant is brought into the cellar, where it stands until spring. On the next year the vine is transplanted into a wider pot and again taken out into the street.

Wisteria looks great in landscape design. It perfectly masks unsightly walls, decorates fences or arbors. Be sure to plant this unpretentious plant and in a few years your home will be completely transformed.

Wisteria is a heat-loving plant, the optimum temperature for which is 18 degrees. That's why growing wisteria in open ground is possible only in regions with mild winters . In colder areas, the flower can be grown in a tub. In autumn, the plant is brought into a room where the temperature will be within 10 degrees. In the summer they are taken out into the open air again.

Important! Temperatures below 20 degrees below zero are detrimental to wisteria.

Watering

The flower does not like excessive watering, this can lead to shedding of leaves and buds. If the spring is dry, wisteria is watered abundantly, from the beginning of flowering until autumn, watering is reduced so that the soil is moist. In hot weather, it is better to spray. In autumn, watering is practically stopped.

Light

Wisteria is a photophilous plant. An ideal option for the location of the flower is the southern windows or the glazed balcony.

Priming

The flower loves fertile and well-permeable soil, so the substrate is well loosened before planting. Optimal composition soil for wisteria: humus, sand, peat, clay and soddy soil in a ratio of 1:1:1:3. This mixture contains many nutrients, which promotes active growth and flowering. The plant does not tolerate calcareous and damp soil, so it is desirable that there is a water outlet. In this case, chlorosis can develop - the leaves lose their color and brighten.

pruning

Pruning is a must for stimulation. abundant flowering. The first pruning is done in the summer immediately after the wisteria has faded. Everything side shoots shortened by a third.

The second pruning is carried out after the plant has shed its leaves in late autumn. All shoots are shortened so that up to 5 buds remain on them. They produce flowers in the spring.

You can grow a stem tree. To do this, choose one shoot, and the rest are removed. When the shoot reaches a certain height, it is cut off, allowing the crown to form in its upper part.

top dressing

During the period of bud formation and flowering, the plant is fed liquid fertilizer once a week. It is advisable to alternate mineral and organic top dressing.

Pot

For growing wisteria at home, it is better to choose clay pot. If the plant requires a transplant, the container is selected 2 cm larger in circumference than the previous one. Before planting, it is advisable to wash the pot and scald it with boiling water.

Transfer

1. Pre-flower is watered abundantly.
2. The holes at the bottom of the pot are covered with drainage, then sand is poured, and then filled with earth by about two centimeters.
3. The plant is carefully removed from the previous pot without touching the root system.
4. The roots are freed from the previous substrate and the plant is placed in the soil layer of the new pot.
5. The space between the walls is filled with moist soil.
6. At the end of planting, the soil is watered and the flower is placed in a dark place. When the wisteria gets stronger, it is returned to its original place.

reproduction

Horizontal layering

This method is the most favorable.

1. For this, annual shoots are suitable. In the middle of such an escape, an oblique incision is made, bent to the ground and placed with an incision on a pot with clay-soddy soil.
2. Fix the tap in this position and drop it, leaving the top.
3. It will be possible to separate the rooted cuttings only next spring. During this time, it will form root system and it will be easy to separate the seedling.

seeds

Seeds are sown in late November or early December.

1. Sowing is carried out on the surface of the soil and sprayed with a spray bottle, and then covered with a film.
2. The pot is placed in warm place keeping the soil slightly moist. Seed sprouts can be observed after 4 weeks.
3. When the seedlings have grown stronger and they have a couple of leaves, they are transferred to separate containers along with a clod of earth.
4. After that, water with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Reference! Wisteria from seeds is grown more often for the garden. At home, seedlings will begin to bloom only after 7 years.

cuttings

In late autumn, the vine is cut from the bush and divided into cuttings., bind and store in a wet substrate in a cold basement.

1. For cuttings, one-year mature shoots 25 centimeters long are chosen.
2. They are rooted in early spring in the soil, which consists of soddy soil, peat, humus and sand in a ratio of 3:1:1:1.
3. At the end of summer, cuttings that are rooted can be planted.

Inoculation

Reproduction by grafting is carried out in December. They do it on the roots, since the wood of wisteria is loose and grafting will not work. Grafting is getting a new variety on your own.

For vaccination, the following sequence must be followed:

1. Seedlings of off-grade wisteria are grown from seeds and transplanted into the ground.
2. In late autumn, the seedlings are dug up and the roots are separated from the stem.
3. The roots are placed in pots with sand and placed in a dark and cool place.
4. At the end of December, the seedlings are transferred to heat. Two weeks later, start vaccination.
5. Wisteria cuttings to be grafted must be at least 6 cm long and have a pair of mature buds. A 3 cm cut is made above the lower bud, and the same cut should be on the roots of the seedlings. They are connected with adhesive tape, placed in the ground to the place of inoculation and covered with a film.

Within a month, shoots from axillary buds appear. This indicates a successful vaccination. In spring, the plant can be transplanted into a flowerpot or outside.

The nuances of planting and care in the garden

• Wisteria is a photophilous plant and should be at least 6 hours in the sun. The best place to land is South side Houses. For shoots, you should choose a solid support.
• Shoots must be tied up. If this is not done, they will braid around the support and, when removed for wintering, the shoots can be damaged.
• Before planting, a hole is made and filled with the same mixture of soil as for planting in flowerpots.
• Once a season, it is necessary to water the plant with chalk water at the rate of 100 g of chalk per bucket of water.
• Young seedlings need shelter for the winter. They are untied from the support, laid on the ground and the shoots are covered with agrofiber or dry leaves, and the root part is sprinkled with earth. The older the plant, the less shelter it needs.

The propagation methods are the same as for growing Chinese wisteria at home.

Flowering and appearance in the photo

Chinese wisteria begins to bloom at the age of 3 years April and continues throughout the summer. The buds open at the same time. The plant has light purple, rarely white flowers. When the flowers begin to fade, the inflorescences are removed.

In these photos, wisteria during the flowering period is especially good:

Pests and diseases

Wisteria is resistant to pests and is rarely attacked. It could be aphids or clover mites. In the first case, insecticides will help, in the second - acaricides. If the plant grows in alkaline soil, it may develop chlorosis, which will cause the leaves to turn yellow. Root top dressing with iron salts will help.

White tulips, purple hyacinths and yellow daffodils are perfectly combined with wisteria in the garden. These flowers will emphasize the beauty of the Chinese beauty. If the climate does not allow growing a plant in open ground, there is no need to despair. It can be grown as a stem tree.

Wisteria, or wisteria, is a flower of stunning beauty, this plant belongs to the legume family. It is very thermophilic, however, it is possible to grow a decorative vine in a temperate climate. The main thing is to carefully care for the culture and give it a little time.

This plant grows slowly, however, its life expectancy is more than 10 years. The stems are tree-like, the brown bark looks attractive against the background of tender young shoots. Leaves of rich green color reach a length of about 30 cm, and the flowers are collected from the inflorescence. They exude a delicate fragrance attracting gardeners and lovers of decorative vines. Before acquiring wisteria seeds, you should learn more about its varieties.

Wisteria profusely flowering

Connoisseurs of such a liana ornamental plants called floribunda, and in height it reaches 10 meters if the growing conditions are favorable. The leaves are large and complex, the purple-blue flowers bloom gradually and look very beautiful.

Meet in the gardens decorative forms floribundas include white, pink and lilac double flowers. This wisteria tolerates frost well. In Japan, there are alleys consisting of these amazing vines, and in Russia, the plant feels good in the Crimea and the Caucasus.

Wisteria profusely flowering

Chinese wisteria

The plant grows wild in China. It has dense and large foliage. complex shape, and creeper shoots often cover walls and other structures. This species blooms in May, June and July. covered with inflorescences purple, white specimens are less common. The aroma of flowers spreads throughout the garden, you can see them a few years after planting Chinese Wisteria. Its most popular variety is "Blue Sapphire" characterized by blue inflorescences.

Chinese wisteria

Wisteria shrub

IN favorable conditions this species reaches a height of more than 12 meters, and is climbing plant with hanging branches. small leaves and flowers blue tint attract the attention of gardeners from the southern regions, and the liana also feels good in a tub. You can meet the described species in Moldova, Romania and other warm countries., rarely grown in the Crimea.

Wisteria shrub

Gallery: wisteria (25 photos)

Wisteria japonica

A spectacular liana with white flowers is thermophilic, it does not tolerate cold well and can be damaged in winter even on the Black Sea coast. Such a plant grows no higher than 8 meters, and its large leaves and bright flowers snow-white, pinkish or pale lilac shade attract attention. The species is distributed exclusively in warm countries, but even there it hardly survives frosts.

Wisteria japonica

wisteria beautiful

This species requires careful care and needs timely pruning, and its leaves and stems are covered with tiny light fibers. The velvety liana will become woody with age, therefore it is important to choose a reliable support for it when growing on a terrace or balcony.

In May and June, airy and light inflorescences of a soft pink hue can be observed, reaching a length of more than 40 cm. Their sweet, musky aroma is one of hallmarks kind.

wisteria beautiful

wisteria

This species was first caught in the area North America, its cone-shaped snow-white inflorescences can reach a length of about 1 meter. Such wisteria served as the basis for the development of a special Blue Moon variety, which is resistant to cold and adverse factors. environment. Nevertheless, large wisteria is often grown in warm countries and southern regions of Russia.

wisteria

Rules and terms of planting wisteria

Seedlings of plants older than 1 year should be planted in the ground. Wisteria must be provided with a well-lit place with loose and fertile soil, as well as strong supports and reliable winter shelter. It's important to know that sunlight necessary for the creeper and at least 6 hours a day it must be under ultraviolet rays. And here drafts will adversely affect the health of wisteria, the best choice for her there will be a south or southeast side of the site.

If the soil in your area is too acidic, lime it, however, you should not add too much of this component. Supplement the clay soil with organic matter, then dig a deep hole with the addition of humus, river sand, leaf ground. The ideal time for rooting a seedling is spring, in southern region at young plant great chance to settle down in a new place.

How to grow wisteria (video)

Fascinating wisteria care

The plant is easy to care for. Liana needs to be watered in time, fed and protected from the negative effects of the environment.

In the open ground

Wisteria is a moisture-loving vine, therefore, from the first days of flowering, it is necessary to spray it warm water from a spray bottle. Frequency water procedures are determined based on the air temperature in summer, and with the onset of a cold snap they are stopped.

It is important to know that wisteria do not tolerate excess moisture, but love regular watering. Excessive moisture often causes leaves and buds to fall off, a lack of fluid often causes greenery to wilt. After the formation of flowers, irrigation is made moderate, and in the fall they are completely reduced to a minimum.

Liana is growing rapidly, which means that it needs to be well fed - over the summer, shoots grow by 1 meter. Every 3 weeks in spring and summer it is useful to apply the following fertilizers:

• rotted cow dung;
• compost;
• chalk solution (100 g per bucket of water).

Wisteria is a moisture-loving vine

Thanks to top dressing, the leaves and flowers will have a lush appearance, thereby the liana will decorate the garden throughout the summer.

With proper care, wisteria develops intensively and blooms beautifully, growing in width. Summer residents are advised to give the liana the desired shape by pruning and removing dry and damaged shoots. If you want to receive clearstem tree, select the only strong stem and delete the rest, but for vertical gardening suitable wisteria without long lateral processes. So the plant will direct all its forces to the formation of buds. At the end of flowering, give it the necessary shape by cutting off the shoots on the side by 20 cm. It is best to trim the vines 2 times a year, starting after 1 year of the plant's life.

On the fresh air wisteria under attack harmful insects extremely rare due to its toxic properties. Occasionally, holes from caterpillars or aphids appear on the leaves, a one-time treatment of the plant with insecticides helps to solve the problem and preserve the beauty of the tree.

A colorful liana is used as a living decoration for arbors and walls of houses.

Caring for room wisteria at home

A colorful plant is used as a decoration for winter gardens and halls, it also feels good in an apartment. In autumn, bring the wisteria, cut in the form of a standard tree, into a cool place. unheated room from high humidity air and leave there until mid-January. With an increase in the length of the day, you need to gradually transfer the vine to a warm and bright room, watering moderately. And here at the end of February, feel free to move the wisteria to the living quarters.

In March, be sure to cut the young shoots of home wisteria and form a crown. The plant is very fond of light, so place the pot on the sunny side of the house. exotic creeper in the apartment has high requirements for watering, it should be moderate from April to September, while the soil should not be allowed to dry out. In October, irrigation is minimized, and with the advent of heat, it is resumed again.

During the flowering period, the vine should be fed with any liquid fertilizer for indoor flowers. Young specimens are transplanted annually, and adults as needed.

How to plant wisteria (video)

Features of growing wisteria in the Leningrad and Rostov regions

Residents of the middle zone and adjacent regions of Russia, surprised by the violent flowering of vines in the Crimea, want to plant such a plant in their country house. When choosing a multi-flowered or Chinese wisteria, you are making a mistake, because seedling in best case will give several inflorescences, and in the worst case, it will die in winter.

A good choice for summer residents moderate climate zone countries will become a large-cluster liana variety "Blue Moon" so choose best seedlings for planting in June. Shortly before the arrival of frost, the plant is removed from the support and carefully covered with lutrasil.

Growing wisteria in Belarus and Ukraine

In these countries, the climate is milder than in central Russia, so summer residents can choose more heat-loving plant varieties. For instance, Chinese wisteria will bloom in June, July and August, when the weather is stable and a large number hot days that liana loves so much.

A seedling older than 1 year is planted on sunny place in April or May, when the air and soil are warm enough. In the warm regions of Ukraine, you can plant more delicate varieties of vines, but with the advent of autumn, it is better to cover it with warm material.

During the flowering period, the liana should be fed with any liquid fertilizer for indoor flowers.

Tree propagation methods

The liana reproduces well with semi-lignified shoots of the current year, and root formation can be accelerated by treating the lower part of the cutting with a weak solution of Heteroauxin (100 mg of the drug per 1 liter of water). The selected cuttings are placed in the liquid with their lower ends to a depth of about 5 cm, keeping them in this position for a day. Next, future plants are rinsed clean water and planted in a greenhouse using wooden boxes up to 20 cm high. Loose substrate should consist of a mixture of peat, earth and river sand. When planting, the cutting is buried in the soil, moistened and left in a warm environment, placing the container in partial shade. Roots will successfully form if the humidity of the earth and air is high.

For 1 month, protect plantings from direct sunlight and water them daily, but after the shoots appear, irrigation is minimized. annual plants transplanted to permanent place from April to early June.

Occasionally, the liana is obtained from seeds. They are sown in a greenhouse in winter (in December or January) or in open ground in early spring, if the climate of the region allows. The seeds germinate late, the sprouts have pinnate leaves and from the first days they adapt to the environmental conditions. Wisterias obtained from seed are highly resistant, but bloom for the first time only 5 or more years after germination.

Propagation of wisteria by seeds (video)

Despite the fact that shoots when propagated by seed appear after a few weeks and require a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C for development, the resulting specimens sometimes surpass their parents in beauty. In the spring, a stronger bush is transplanted to a sunny place in the garden or in a greenhouse for further growth.

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