We create favorable conditions for growing orchids “Cambria. How to transplant cumbria

Beginners acquaintance with exotic world orchids, we advise you to start not with phalaenopsis, as one might assume, but with unpretentious Cambria. Interspecific hybrids with this name are created for breeding at home, their pedigree is a mix of the genetic material of many species - Oncidium, Miltonia, Brassia, Odontoglossum. Cumbria orchid has attractive qualities - gorgeous flowering, endurance, good growth energy. Being, by and large, a hybrid oncidium, cambria prefers home care similar to that of the parent.

The unique and many-sided asterisk Cumbria

The first hybrid bearing this name was created over 100 years ago by a Belgian breeder. It turned out so successful and adapted that the cumbria orchid, thanks to easy care at home, quickly became popular.

The plant belongs to the group with a shoot (sympodial) type of growth, consists of several pseudobulbs. Vegetation occurs according to the following scheme. At the base of the mother bulb, a young sprout hatches, which forms a bush of 4–5 long narrow leaves light green. Inside the outlet, a bulb is formed and begins to grow; in adulthood, it is large, oval in shape, slightly flattened. Flower stalks emerge from the axils of the lower leaves, usually two. Here, at the base, young shoots appear.

The cambria orchid blooms beautifully, its photo amazes with large (up to 20 cm) flowers of variegated color, shaped like stars. Up to 15 buds can be laid on each arrow, the palette is different - a lot of white, all shades of red, purple, even brown. The petals are covered with dots, careless strokes, spots, as if someone splashed paint without looking.

Popular types

The unique hybrid orchid has absorbed the best features of its parents - large flowers from Odontoglossum, shape and unique aroma - from Miltonia, their abundance, unpretentious care - from Oncidium. IN flower shops under the Cambria brand, you are likely to be offered popular hybrids.

Nuances of cultivation and care

Caring for Cambria is as easy as caring for members of the oncidium group. Consider the main nuances.

Life cycle features

The physiological processes of a plant proceed cyclically, conditionally they can be divided into periods.

Light and temperature preferences

It is believed that the hybrid orchid is less whimsical to lighting than its natural relatives. The plant feels comfortable on the northeastern, western windows, and loves bright light - just not midday scorching. In a room with a southern exposure, it is better to remove the pot from the window or close the blinds during the hot hours.

The temperature range of the content is due to the moderately warm preferences of the parental group of the hybrid. Temperatures of 22–25⁰ C during the day and 4–5 degrees lower at night are ideal for vegetation and uninterrupted flowering. Between heat and coolness, the cumbria orchid will prefer the latter option, but preferably not lower than 15-16⁰ C.

Advice! When choosing a location for a plant, remember that one of the conditions for flowering is to keep it colder at night. In a room with bright sun, it is easier to achieve a temperature difference than in a room shaded around the clock.

Be careful with water!

The root system is the weak point of Cambria. If for some reason they stop consuming moisture (cold, hot, stress), but are in a moist substrate, there is a high probability of decay. This feature is due to the mode of water procedures.

• Between waterings, the bark should dry out completely, and not just on top.
• The best method of watering is immersion in warm water(30–35⁰) for 15–20 minutes.
• The frequency depends on various factors - temperature, humidity, composition of the substrate. Tentatively, once every 5–7 days in summer, 10–14 in winter.
• The orchid is kept drier than usual when the bulbs begin to grow - this is due to the laying of the peduncle. The second dry period is immediately after flowering, so that the plant rests before forcing the young shoot.
• You need to be careful with water when the young sprout has just started. While it has no roots, it feeds on the pseudobulb and does not need additional moisture.
• If the flower is healthy, the dip can be replaced from time to time warm shower. Imitation of rain stimulates physiological processes, flowering. The procedure is contraindicated if there is a danger of rotting of the roots or bulbs.

Cumbria orchid does not require high humidity, at home, the usual 35-40% is enough. You need to increase it in the heat to compensate for the evaporation of moisture from the leaves. Spraying the leaf area with mist is effective, installing a container with water next to it.

Advice! Hybrids of the Cambria group are susceptible to soil salinity, so water for irrigation should be High Quality- purified, distilled, boiled or settled.

Top dressing scheme

Home care for cambria includes top dressing, but due to susceptible roots, fertilizers should not be overdone. When do plants need nutritional support?

• During the growing season of a young shoot, before the beginning of the growth of the pseudobulb. As soon as the bulb appeared, feeding is stopped.
• Continue when the orchid began to expel the flower arrow and until the first bud blooms. During flowering, you do not need to feed.

Fertilizing frequency - for the second, third irrigation, targeted fertilizers containing NPK in equal proportions or with a predominance of the phosphorus-potassium group. In order not to burn the roots, alternate root dressing with spraying on leaves and stems. In the latter case, the concentration of the solution is reduced to 25% of the norm.

Secrets of flowering

The flowering of hybrids of this species is not tied to the time of year, it depends on the maturation of the bulb. Each arrow blooms for 1–1.5 months. If the bush is large, consists of bulbs of different ages, then the peduncles can replace each other.

Advice! If the orchid kicked out the arrow in winter, you should worry about additional lighting, otherwise it can dry out the buds.

When is a transplant needed?

Caring for cambria at home involves transplanting. The plant does not like to be disturbed for no reason, it likes small pots - a maximum of roots and a minimum of substrate. There are several reasons for transplantation:

• unsuitable substrate - salted with minerals, sour, caked;
• problems with the root system;
• the orchid has outgrown the pot - the bulbs have nowhere to grow;
• the desire to divide the overgrown bush.

The substrate for planting is taken the same as for phalaenopsis. Put on the bottom large pieces, from above fall asleep small. Pots are suitable plastic, clay, there are special ones - with side holes for air circulation.

The optimal transplant time is the beginning of growth, when the new shoot has reached 5–7 cm and has begun to grow roots.

Born in England, the Cumbria orchid carries the genes for beauty, brilliance and unpretentiousness of many magnificent representatives of the orchid species, such as Oncidium, Miltonia, Odontoglossum, Odontioda, Brassia. It can be said with certainty that the first years of the twentieth century - the beginning successful way into the world of a diverse and charming hybrid species - the Cumbria Orchid.

Description and characteristics

Cumbria flower - the owner of long dark green leaves that grow up to half a meter and are located on a pseudobulb, which has an oblong shape. Usually there are 2 or 3 such sheets. The size of bright flowers, decorated with light spots, is about 10 centimeters in diameter. Each bulb usually produces 2 peduncles.

Important! A beautiful orchid blooms every 9-10 months. Regardless of the time of year.

Kinds

The contrasts of colors and shades of these types of Cumbria should be appreciated according to merit:

1. Colmanara is the charm of combined red and yellow colors that delight gardeners for 3 months a year.
2. Odontocidium is an overflow of dark patterns on fifty flowers of a yellow or red hue. An amazing combination of 3 different types.
3. Beallara is a delicate, pink-purple wonder with unrivaled streaks and specks.
4. Burrageara is the bearer of red and yellow flowers filled with the scent of January rose.
5. Degarmoara is a triple hybrid that pleases the eye large flowers different shades.

Care and care

Cumbria orchid - unpretentious plant, but also for her good growth and flowering should follow some rules for care.

Light

Caring for cambria at home involves correct location flower in relation to the light source, since direct sunlight is detrimental to this beauty. A clear sign of improper lighting -. At active flowering you need to use additional lighting.

Important! Ideal will be morning light from the east side or diffused lighting from the west, or light shading from the south side.

Temperature regime

The unpretentiousness of Cumbria allows gardeners not to observe the temperature difference between the day and night phases, which is so important for other orchids. That is, the orchid grows and pleases with flowering at a temperature stability of 18 to 28 degrees.

Air humidity

Another excellent quality distinguishes cambria from other species - undemanding to elevated level air humidity. Except, in winter period rest, when the level of moisture in the heated air of the apartment drops, the plant can be installed near a water source, or the substrate can be replenished with an adsorbent. Excessively dry air can still negatively affect the plant. In the photo we see a young shoot, wrinkled due to dry air.

Soil and nutrient media

Novice growers should buy a ready-made mixture for this species, while experienced gardeners can make the mixture on their own.

The soil for cumbria can be very diverse, but at the same time, the composition should strive for one indicator - good level aeration and the ability to remove excess moisture.

This is facilitated by a mixture of:

• charcoal;
• pine bark;
• fern roots;
• memzy.

Important! A high-quality substrate for cambria is the basis for the growth and beauty of a flower.

With the beginning of the growth of pseudobulbs, fertilizers are applied to the soil mixtures for orchids, and by the beginning of the flowering period, feeding is suspended. The types of nutrient media for orchids are very diverse, so you need to skillfully alternate root and foliar fertilizers. Feeding frequency - about 1-2 times a month.

Important! Excessive feeding can turn into sad consequences for Cumbria.

Watering and flowering

Cumbria orchid blooms every 9-10 months and requires certain conditions for this. These conditions are directly related to the correct watering. Cumbria should be watered with settled, soft water. Before watering, it is very important to make sure that the soil is practically dry, as the flower does not tolerate waterlogging. Watering should be as careful as other types of orchids - so that moisture does not get into the inflorescences.

As soon as the peduncle appears, Cumbria's need for light grows.

The method of immersing the pot in a container of water for up to half an hour is considered very convenient. drainage system after that will allow excess moisture drain. The frequency of watering can be adjusted depending on the drying rate of the substrate.

Important! During the period of growth and formation of pseudobulbs, it is worth increasing the frequency of watering, and then greatly reducing it until the peduncle appears.

With improperly organized watering, the plant does not bloom at all. After flowering, a dormant period begins, and watering practically stops. In the photo on the left, we see an already faded flower bulb.

Reproduction and transplant

Cambria at home breeds well. The method of choice is reproduction by division. It is important that when dividing the bush, at least three bulbs remain on each part. Separate the pseudobulbs carefully so as not to damage the roots. The tool must be treated with antiseptics, and the cuts must be rubbed with charcoal. After separation, the cut parts are strengthened in the ground and left completely alone for a week without watering. After 7-8 days, you can start both watering and feeding.

Planting and care is painstaking, careful work, so it should always be approached with particular seriousness. Transplantation of Cumbria is carried out only when there is a clear need, as it is associated with many risks.

Pests, diseases and important details

Since it is not difficult to care for cumbria, flower growers sometimes make simple mistakes. For example:

Excess moisture and improper watering are the main causes of fungal infections in Cumbria. The first sign of the disease is yellowing of the leaves. It is worth noting that there is also a natural death of a cumbria leaf, as in this case in the photo.

If a disease is detected, you need to remove the plant from the container, dry and process antifungal drugs. After treatment, the soil must be re-mixed and in no case be transplanted into the old one.

Bacterial cumbria infections are caused by insect infestations. Usually these are the following types:

Whitefly. The larvae of this insect often nullify the care of the cambria orchid at home, sucking juices from the leaves. This makes the plant very weak. Treat with solutions laundry soap or bactericidal drugs. With a mandatory repetition in a week.

Worms. Small white lumps that can be very damaging to your pet. The leaves are peeling mechanically followed by an alcohol wipe.

Spider mites. Easy white coating on the leaves indicates their appearance. The leaves wither due to the loss of moisture that these pests suck out from there through tiny punctures. To combat them, increase the level of humidity and treat with bactericides.

Thrips. They can affect not only the above-ground organs of orchids, but also the roots. Very clearly visible if the container with the orchid is transparent. The flower is treated as well as with whitefly lesions.

Important! Curing cumbria is more difficult than preventing the disease.

Important Details

Lack of experience and inattention, improper care of the cumbria orchid lead to sad consequences for the flower. It can be significantly affected, combining damage to both the above-ground and root systems. When the roots rot, Cumbria is resuscitated.

This is what dead plant roots look like:

And this is what healthy roots should look like:

The flower is taken out of the container. Affected roots are removed with a sterile instrument, and the sections are treated with antiseptics. After that, they are fixed on a transitional substrate.

Important! If all the roots are removed, you need to know that cumbria without roots does not need watering.

Spraying once a week will suffice. The cumbria orchid does not give new roots soon, so you need to be patient. Pay attention to how the young roots of Cumbria look.

A bright representative of harmoniously combined species is a true decoration of an apartment, house, greenhouse. The Cumbria orchid is described in this article in many aspects, such as care, cambria transplantation, treatment, recovery, etc. We hope the information will be useful.

Doesn't exist at all. Surprised? But have you heard this name in flower shops? All right. Sellers so call the brightest spotted flowers, which, in fact, are complex hybrids of several varieties of tropical beauties.

Variety of varieties

More than five different varieties hiding behind common name"cumbria". An orchid with fragrant large flowers was obtained as a result of selection of wild-growing brassia. The petals of these flowers taper towards the edges, so they are easy to distinguish by outward signs. Varietal hybrids of miltonia look very presentable. Outwardly, their flowers are a bit like domestic pansies. Less common varieties are colmanars, wilsonars and beallars. Their flowers come in the most outlandish colors and shapes. But at the same time they do not exude a pleasant smell. Another type of cumbria is a hybrid with the complex name vuilstekeara. Large flowers can be red, pink or burgundy. Each cambria orchid (the photo clearly proves this) is beautiful in its own way.

Where to place the flower?

If you were presented with one of the most beautiful Cumbria hybrids, then first of all you need to choose the most appropriate place in an apartment for growing a flower. Almost all of the listed varieties are suitable for approximately the same lighting conditions. Cambria is a photophilous orchid, but the lighting should be diffused. Bright rays will burn not only the leaves of the plant, but also instantly dry the delicate buds. It is best to place the pot on an east or southeast window.

In winter natural light Orchid may be missing. At this time, she can plunge into a state of rest. This is fine. She needs to rest after flowering and gain strength. But if this did not happen, and buds continue to appear on the peduncle, artificial lighting will be required. It is necessary to lengthen the daylight hours with a fluorescent lamp up to 15-18 hours.

How often do you need to water?

Watering these flowers has several features.

1. Its frequency depends on the formation of pseudobulbs. Until the cumbria (orchid of any variety or hybrid) has formed a pseudobulb near the base, it requires abundant and frequent watering. But as soon as it is fully formed, it is necessary to take a break of up to three weeks between waterings. So you can achieve the appearance of a new peduncle. As soon as it began to grow, watering resumes.
2. Like other types of these tropical plants, orchids should not be watered under the root or left in the water for a long time. They must be immersed for half an hour in prepared water about once a week. The soil should dry out between waterings. In winter, you can water it once every two weeks due to a decrease in temperature and a decrease in the level of moisture evaporation.
3. Plain tap water not suitable for irrigation. It should be at least filtered or settled. Moreover, it is worth knowing that the plant gets used to a certain water and reacts sharply to a change in its quality.

• Recommendation: do not allow water to enter the pseudobulb to exclude the possibility of its decay.

Can flowers be fertilized?

Responds very well to organic feeding cambria orchid (photo clearly demonstrates the abundance of flowers on a healthy plant). But you need to fertilize only in a certain period, dosed.

Basic feeding rules:

1. The right time to apply a dose of fertilizer is the period of development of young leaves, peduncles and buds.
2. As soon as flowering begins, fertilizing is excluded.
3. To prevent a chemical burn of sensitive roots, the recommended dose is halved and diluted with the indicated amount of prepared water.
4. It is not worth fertilizing the plant very often, the most optimal scheme is that ordinary watering alternates with watering with the addition of organic elements.
5. While the pseudobulb is being formed, it accumulates in itself all the necessary substances for flowering, therefore, during the flowering of cumbria, it does not need additional feeding.

What temperature is suitable for growth?

Cambria grows at home at temperatures from +15 to +22 degrees Celsius. The higher temperature in summer period will cause all flowers and buds to fall off. A slight temperature fluctuation at night is allowed, but not more than three degrees. It is this mode that contributes good development root system and the formation of new inflorescences. If in winter the air temperature drops to +14 ... +16 degrees Celsius, the plant can go into a dormant state. However, it is impossible to take out non-blooming cumbria on the balcony. Temperatures below +14 degrees will be detrimental to the plant.

Do I need to repot cumbria?

After a beautiful representative of the tropical flora has been on your windowsill for one or two years, she needs to change the pot and substrate. Since during this time he fed on the remnants minerals which oxidize over time. In addition, fragments of the soil can overheat and crumble. Another reason is the increase in the volume of the roots. They have grown and no longer fit in the pot.

When is the best time to transplant?

Transplantation of orchids (cambria in this case is the subject of our conversation) is carried out at the moment when new roots on the pseudobulb are just about to appear. Pick up a pot of opaque plastic or ceramic a little larger than the previous one and prepare the soil. Suitable ready-made substrate for orchids or chopped pine bark.

1. The plant is carefully removed from the old pot.
2. The roots are cleaned of soil residues and carefully examined.
3. Sick, dried or rotten roots are cut with a sharp knife and sprinkled with charcoal on the cut.
4. Drainage or a larger piece of bark can be placed in the bottom of the new pot to improve air circulation.
5. Next, the plant is placed in a pot and the roots are carefully sprinkled with new soil.
6. Please note: bulbs should not be covered from above.

A transplanted orchid does not need to be watered for a week.

Is it possible to propagate a hybrid at home?

How is the cambria orchid bred? Reproduction occurs by dividing the bush. If during transplantation you notice that the plant has more than one pseudobulb, it can be divided and planted in different pots. After removing the plant from the pot, it must be divided in half, trying to damage the delicate roots as little as possible. If this happens, they must be sprinkled with charcoal powder. Further, the separated bushes are planted in separate pots in the usual way.

• It is important! Divided specimens can not be watered for a week and fertilized for a month.

The plant does not flower. What to do?

Usually varietal cumbria bloom once a year. Flowering time is three to seven weeks. If your cambria orchid has faded, care for it needs to be strengthened. Dry peduncles are cut off, the period of feeding and drying begins. That is, the orchid continues to be watered as usual, with the addition of fertilizers to the water until the process of forming a new pseudobulb is completed. As soon as this process is over, the plant is stopped watering altogether for two to three weeks. During this time, flower stalks are formed, which soon appear from the base of the bulb. The dormant period and the growth of a new bulb in total may be up to 10 months.

The beautiful cumbria at home feels great and can bloom for more than one year. The main thing is to follow specified conditions agricultural technology.

Cumbria is a domestic beauty, an artificially bred variety of orchids. It is used only for reproduction at home.

Species and varieties

- consists of many bright flowers. Each flower has a large lower petal with cherry small dots and two times smaller (in width) upper petals with crimson spots. A bright yellow center appears from the center, similar in shape to the tongue.

- narrow petals look like raspberry stars without shine, with a cream contour. The leaves are long, narrow with a slight kink and quite flexible.

("Bartley Schwarz") - top part The flower has bright red overflows while the lower large petal has a snow-white surface.

- the snow-white edges of the petals are replaced by cherry spots towards the core, from which a round yellow spot is visible. Only the lower petal has a rounded shape and a wide plate, while the rest are narrow, elongated petals with a pointed end.

- has a crimson spotting on the surface of the petals. The lower, larger petal is covered with spots only up to the middle, and then there is a scattering of dots of the same color. A yellow core can be seen from the center of the flower, more like a square in shape.

- flower petals are scarlet, only the lower one has red stains up to the middle of the length, and then it is filled with dots. Yellow stripes come out of the core.

Along with cumbria, there are also other hybrid types of orchids: burrageara , beallar , kolmanara , calantha and others, which were previously considered quite rare specimens, and now have become very popular for home growing and are a wonderful decoration for any window.

Cambria home care

Unlike other orchids, cumbria does not need temperature changes in the morning and evening, and also depending on the season. The optimum temperature is considered to be in the range of 18-24 ° C, and this is known to be standard room temperature.

Cumbria claims bright lighting, but at the same time, direct sunlight is unacceptable, which will not only lead to wilting of the flowers, but also to burns on the leaves and premature drying of the roots. Given that in winter the number of daylight hours is much less, however, as well as the quality (cloudy days), then you need to organize additional source light (lamps).

It is necessary to protect the flower from drafts, but Fresh air should still come in.

Cumbria watering

Watering should be carried out no more than once a week, while not flooding the flower too much, otherwise the delicate roots will quickly rot. It is also fraught with drying out of the soil.

It is best to supply water not from above, but from below, by dipping the orchid pot in a bowl so that the water fills 3/4 of the pot. We stand in this position for 10-15 minutes, then pull it out and let the water drain freely. Be sure to drain excess water from the pan.

In order to determine when to water your precious orchid, there is a simple way: with a simple wooden stick (thin), gently pierce the soil in the pot to the very bottom, then pull it out, and if the stick is wet, only 1/4 of the height of the earthy coma. The main thing is not to damage the roots, move the stick slowly and closer to the wall. Water should be soft, purified or boiled.

soil for cumbria

The substrate is selected large with a slow degree of decomposition. For a particular variety of orchid, the use of a large amount of bark is fraught, since when it decomposes, oxidation occurs, which harms the plant itself.

Useful components in the composition of the orchid mixture will be peat (or penza), moss and coal - to improve the aeration of the root system. Flower shops sell ready-made mixtures for cambria. Of course, let's not forget about good layer drainage at the bottom of the pot. Fertilizers are applied in spring and summer.

Cumbria transplant

Transplantation is not recommended, only in exceptional cases. The plant does not like to be disturbed once again. A transplant can be carried out, for example, if the Cumbria has become crowded in a pot and its roots have begun to crawl out of it.

In this case, the growth of the plant may stop, which is best avoided, so transplantation is allowed. An important condition, is that after transplantation, the first watering is carried out no earlier than a week later.

Pot for cumbria

The pot should be well ventilated, but not transparent, so you can give preference to ceramic.

The size of the container for planting is chosen not large, approximately the size of the roots, they should completely fill the container, and have only a little freedom.

cumbria orchid reproduction

When buying this type of orchid, pay attention to the fact that the key to normal growth and lush flowering is the presence of at least three bulbs.

Cambria is propagated by dividing the rhizome, so that each division has at least three pseudo bulbs, if less, then most likely the plant will not take root. Treat the cuts with charcoal.

Each copy is placed in a separate pot with a substrate. Please note that at first, before rooting, the flower needs support, so you can place 1-2 wooden or plastic sticks around it and fix the orchid. As with transplanting, and during reproduction, the first watering is carried out only after 5-7 days.

Diseases and pests

Frequent causal appearance dark spots on the leaves may be over-wetting. It is necessary to try to reduce the frequency (interval) of watering, perhaps the roots do not have time to dry out properly and as a result, they begin to rot.

If the edges of the leaves begin to turn yellow means the plant is getting too much sunlight. Thus, it is depleted, loses its vital juices, begins to turn yellow and dry out.

Cambria can be affected by bacterial and fungal infections. In addition, it is possible that such pests can settle on orchid leaves: Red spider mite, weevil, whitefly, aphids, scale insects, thrips .

Instruction

The main advantage of Cumbria orchids is that they regularly need a constant temperature ranging from 18 to 25 ° C. While other orchids need a sharp temperature drop day and night. sunlight, as, indeed, and orchids of all kinds, cumbria also loves. However, she does not demand it, like kottley, in in large numbers, and, on the contrary, prefers light shading.

To guess with the time of watering cumbria, you can use in a simple way. Take a long wooden stick, lower it into a pot, periodically stick it out and check. It is worth watering the flower in winter, when the stick is 3/4 dry, and in summer - 2/3 sticks are dry. Better fit dipping watering. To do this, take a container of water and lower the flower pot into it for a short time for 10-15 minutes. Water should not reach the edges of the pot.

Cumbria needs fertilizers regularly - from early spring to mid-autumn. For this, specialized fertilizers for orchids are suitable. It is fruitful for the development of the roots of a flower to be poured with weak warm tea or coffee. This procedure is best done monthly. In addition, such dressings improve chemical composition substrate.

For Cumbria, frequent transplants are highly undesirable. But it is better to carefully transplant the flower, not to let it die in unfavorable conditions. It is worth resorting to at least with a sour substrate and poor ventilation due to compacted soil. It is better to carry out this manipulation in March - April, when new young roots appear on the plant.

It is better for a capricious beauty to choose a dwelling in the form of a breathing ceramic pot. If you still chose plastic, it should not be transparent. The optimal size will be the one in which root system almost completely fills the container. In no case, during transplantation, do not disturb the roots of the orchid in vain, do not straighten them along the walls of the pot and do not turn them inward.

The optimal substrate is a mixture of tree bark and coal. Coal prevents soil acidification. You can add pieces of peat, with frequent drying of the substrate. Too wet should be diluted with pieces of penza or clay shards. In general, the composition should be such that it dries up within a week. For the full growth of cumbria, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation of its roots. They are usually very thin and too delicate. Such an orchid is easy to ruin with improper watering: the roots rot very quickly. Like all beauties, cambria is capricious, but for the fulfillment of her whims, you can admire the amazing colors.