New business ideas. Food production shop how to open a business

There are many studies online that claim that chocolate is extremely unhealthy and a source of many diseases, but there are also studies that claim that chocolate is good for health and significantly improves mood, especially for people who are depressed.

Recently, a strange trend has developed in the world, often main trend, is accompanied by trends that seem to be opposite. But if you dig deeper, it turns out that these trends not only do not interfere with each other, but also help to exist together.

It's no secret that buying a "pig in a poke" is a very dubious undertaking. Gone are the days when bright packaging or the original name of the product attracted buyers who were ready to buy an unfamiliar product without looking.

Were you scared by the name of our business idea? Or maybe on the contrary, it surprised you? In our article, we will talk about a new drink that began to be made in Holland - Liquid Smoking.

Liquid Innovations believes that for a person who is very hungry, the main dish to satisfy hunger will be a meat dish. But, unfortunately, in order to satisfy your hunger with a meat dish, you must have at least a place where you can safely eat it and time to cook this dish.

known to all Domino's Pizza launched a new advertising campaign, which is called "You have 30 minutes to ...", this company in its concept is aimed at increasing pizza orders that can be made using the Internet.

If you have a big love for beer, then you can make a business out of it! The brewing business has a fairly high potential for profit growth, and besides, it's good for the soul.

Marketers all over the world are constantly striving to improve a person's life, which they just haven't come up with so that our life is simple and comfortable. It is especially difficult to do this now, when the client has gone choosy and difficult to persuade, that is, when it is almost impossible to convince him that this is the thing he needs most of all. After all, a person almost always clearly knows what he needs and what he does not want.

Who doesn’t complain about the global financial crisis, because if earlier money simply flowed into a bank account, today, in order to earn money, you have to “turn on” your brain, come up with new business ideas and implement them, and reorganize an existing business.

You see in front of you, a unique invention - these are energy chips, which have no analogues in the world, they are a new kind of entertainment for those who love to chew something while watching TV.

Quite often we think or hear from people that “I don’t want to dig in the ground in the garden, it’s easier for me to go to the market and buy”. And since there are such people, then you can think about your business, before putting it into practice, let's estimate the numbers? For example, the selling price of one kilogram of potatoes is ten rubles. What kind of food is a man’s friend, of course - sausage, but a smiling sausage will surely be the most best friend person. Namely, this is the basis of the business idea of ​​the “advanced” employees of the Feldhues company, who are engaged in the production of sausages with cheerful faces in the cross section.

Home production ideas are gaining unprecedented popularity today. The reason is the expansion of programs to support small and medium-sized businesses, production in the regions and at the federal level and an understandable, understandable desire to work for yourself, individually or family contract. The main thing is to competently resolve the issue of organization by resolving legal issues. And (most importantly) to find working idea, original or popular. In the latter case, one must be prepared for the fact that at the initial stage, entrepreneurship will take all the time of a novice businessman, since it is not easy to overcome the barrier of competition and enter an industry where the idea is already being successfully implemented by others. But directly in production, this problem is most easily overcome, since this area of ​​activity has been mastered by less than 25%, and the idea here can be expanded and adapted by changing working conditions, offering fundamentally new products to the consumer.

Opening home production

Having decided on the subject, direction, you should think about the organizational and legal form of the case.

If the production is small, and there are enough funds to start on your own, you can start by registering as an individual entrepreneur.

It is cheap (the duty is 800 rubles, it is not difficult to understand the nuances of registration). In the absence of even basic knowledge in the field of jurisprudence, you can order the service of opening an IP. Depending on the region, it will cost 2,000 - 10,000 rubles.

If a manufacturing business a pool of shares is opened, and there are several founders, the easiest way is to register as an LLC (legal entity).

There is another advantage to this choice. Unlike an individual entrepreneur, which is liable for obligations and debts with the personal property of an entrepreneur, such liability does not apply to an LLC, therefore, there is less risk. On the other hand, an individual entrepreneur can manage his current account and cash desk at his own discretion, while for an LLC, expenses for personal purposes of these assets are unacceptable.

Feedback from the entrepreneur: We decided to produce wardrobes with a brother-in-law, since both he and I worked in such a production as workers for different owners. One by one, there was not enough money for equipment and materials; having formed, it was possible to score at the start. At first they wanted to organize an LLC. But then they changed their mind. So you won't see your money.

It is difficult to withdraw, a competent accountant is needed, and at first we could not afford such expenses. They organized an individual entrepreneur for me, fortunately, everyone trusts each other, they are satisfied, expenses have been reduced, business has gone uphill.

Viktor Afanasiev, 42, Nizhny Tagil

Production at home in the village

Improvement of the summer cottage territory and a country house is the task of summer residents and homeowners. Businessmen can use this postulate as working business- ideas. For its implementation, directions are used.

Small business in the garage: ideas that work

Production of paving slabs

Well-groomed territory, dry and clean - it's easy. The main thing - simple idea and its implementation. Rubber crumb, concrete base as a blank for slabs produced on site at the customer's place or at home, in a separate utility room, building. Starting capital (rubles):

• equipment (forms, presses) - 100,000;
• raw materials - 10,000 or more, old tires can be accepted for recycling free of charge, which serve as the basis for crumb rubber plates;
• commercial, organizational expenses - 5,000 and more.

Profitability - 70 -120 percent, payback - six months.

Production of garden landscape elements

The basis can be polystyrene, gypsum, clay, plastic synthetic masses, various combined bases.

In order to open such a production, a separate site is required, equipped with electricity, heating, a modern exhaust and ventilation system with an area of ​​at least 50 m2.

Implementation will not be difficult - you can sell finished products to neighbors or ship goods directly from the workshop (no trade permit is required). In most cases, as technical means normal hand tools are sufficient. Starting capital - 30,000 rubles, profitability - 60 - 110 percent, payback - from the first month.

From personal experience: On my own suburban area did everything by myself, from home to landscape decorations. Guests and neighbors liked figurines and lanterns. When the reduction in the main job went, he decided to work in the country, to make "gnomes". It turned out great, after two months it paid off all the investments, after a couple more it turned out to be a good plus.

My net income is 100-200 thousand, depending on the season. Two and a half times higher than "uncle's". The main thing is that the hands and head are in place.

Sidchenko Roman, Kolomna, entrepreneur, 39 years old.

Manufacture of cabinet and prefabricated furniture

Materials, bases - varied. Vine, wood, rattan, chipboard, MFD panels. The main thing is the accuracy, functionality of the manufactured products. You can produce furniture from blanks, large factories offer such an idea. Inexpensive franchises are also practiced in this direction of production. home business. For example, "ARGUTUS" with an initial capital of 60,000, "Nadezhda" - school and office furniture: 300,000, "Wicker House" - from 1,000,000.
Profitability - at least 100%, payback - from the third month.

Ready business plan: Own business - sauna (bath)

Raising young poultry is a rational business today. An egg can be taken from the population, and 1-10 day old quails, ducklings, chickens can be sold to neighboring villages or poultry farms. Profitability - 80%, payback - 4-5 months, net income - 100-200 thousand rubles / month.

Production at home in the city

You can implement these directions in the garage, or by renting a small detached space near your home.

Production of door and window fittings

Handles, latches, larvae, locks, slopes and ebbs - the assortment is varied. A simple tool that does not require serious initial costs plus a high level of demand will make it possible to recoup small (at least one hundred thousand) initial investments in 4-6 months, reaching a profitability of 100-120 percent.

Opening a meat shop

Production of semi-finished products, a range of finished products (sausages, sausages, stewed meat).

Since this type of activity relates to the field of public catering, the implementation of the idea will require obtaining permits from the relevant services: Rospotrebnazdor, Veterinary Control and others.

Advantages - high demand, cons - significant start-up costs, for the purchase of equipment, starting from 300,000 rubles. Payback - six months to a year, profitability - 120 percent or more.

Feedback from the meat producer: Successfully opened in the summer, in season. They offered "branded" kebabs, kupaty. In autumn, the assortment was expanded with minced meat, homemade sausages, semi-finished products (azu, goulash, entrecote). The secret is recipes, the population of the microdistrict immediately switched from the products of the nearest hypermarket to our brand. He turned to the administration for help - they helped to establish sales and get a cheap loan.

The most laborious and cheap way canning fruits and vegetables is drying. You can start your own business in the production of these food products by buying an inexpensive drying cabinet to start with. Implement through cafes, children's institutions, canteens, restaurants, markets.

Despite the emergence of a huge variety of products fast food, crispy potatoes will still be in constant demand. For its production, you need a suitable room, special equipment and raw materials.

Drying mushrooms is the simplest and most affordable way their processing. Dried mushrooms will always be in good demand among the population. If you purchase the appropriate equipment for processing such food products, buy them from the manufacturer, dry them and sell them, you can open your own business and receive a good income at the same time.

Chips are very popular among the population of our country. They have become more in demand with the advent of a variety of flavorings. For the production of chips, it is necessary to purchase special equipment, raw materials, rent a room, obtain certification, etc.

If you are raising bulls or pigs for meat, the production of canned meat can bring you good additional profit, you just need to purchase special equipment.

Often in settlements there are problems with the sale of milk, even at low prices. You can open your own business by processing milk into dairy products, such as cream, sour cream, cottage cheese, etc. To do this, you need to purchase suitable equipment and open a mini shop.

The production of condensed milk at home for subsequent sale can be a good profitable business if you purchase special equipment that suits your capabilities.

Considerable progress has been made in Russia in the development the latest technologies cheese varieties. The main studies of the developers are aimed at the development of new types of hard cheeses. After all, cheese is always in demand by the buyer, and the tastier and cheaper, the greater the demand.

Dragee is a sweet round-shaped confectionery product, which is covered with a shell of sugar, and is used as an indispensable addition to tea. To produce such sweets, you need to purchase specialized equipment, rent required area, which will meet sanitary and hygienic standards, purchase raw materials, issue certification of production and the products themselves, and organize sales.

Produce processed cheese not difficult, the components of which are relatively inexpensive, there are many combinations for its preparation. The business of such production is very promising, profitable and brings a lot of income, but there is a need to purchase the appropriate equipment or a mini-factory.

Fish preserves are a modern canning without sterilization of products, in which all useful properties, vitamins and minerals. The production of fish preserves will require special equipment, a suitable room, a cold store, product marketing, and certification.

In the production of smoked products using "Liquid Smoke", all costs are minimal, and the products are of higher quality, which contain much less carcinogens.

It is not at all difficult to organize the baking and sale of pita bread, even if you do not have a large start-up capital. The secret of a successful lavash shop is selling freshly baked products, as opposed to stores that sell already cooled goods.

Food production in general is quite profitable business, and release and sale sugar cookie will always bring a fairly stable income.

The mobile workshop is the ideal solution for small businesses. Having mastered the technological process of milk processing, you will be able to get butter, sour cream, cottage cheese or cheese, whey and buttermilk from milk. The ratio of manufactured products can change in the direction you need.

Since the time of the Soviet Union, catering establishments have attracted not only lovers of tasty and quick food, but also entrepreneurs, since this investment can bring good profits.

Opening a mobile fast food outlet is a very promising business idea, despite the rapid growth of the fast food segment, so hurry up to find your niche!

Bakery sales idea own cooking- a great opportunity to realize themselves to culinary specialists and creative people. At the same time, your business will require minimal cost with a high percentage of payback in the shortest possible time.

Organization of a food production workshop

Food production project
Basic requirements for the premises
Characteristics of the premises for the production workshop or factory

Chocolatier»)

Microbiology and chemistry of modern food production

Packaging for food production
Required permits and requirements for food production
Priority areas of food production

Marketing.
Advertising.


Financial plan.
Investments
Payback
Additional profit
Summing up

Opening any food production in Russia can become a very profitable business. Despite the fact that the stores offer a wide range of products of the food group, the state encourages an increase in the diversity of the consumer basket. In particular, we are talking about products that are consumed by Russians on a daily basis. Of course, the goal is to reduce prices and improve the quality of the entire range of food products.
If you analyze the assortment on the shelves in Russian Federation and, for example, in Italy, it can be noted that, despite the abundance, prices in the Russian Federation are quite high and manufacturers do not seek to reduce the cost, while the products are quite monotonous. There is a variety of labels on the shelves. In practice, we can say that many Russian products lack their own identity. And we are not talking about image solutions that are presented as part of advertising campaigns, but about unique nutritional qualities products.

If we consider the dynamics of development and production of products in the food industry, then there is a constant and intensive growth in production. As is known, in 1996-1998 the level of production fell by almost half in relation to the volume of production in the USSR, now the industry has been practically restored, but has not yet reached the previous level in terms of production.

One of the ways to increase the volume of food production, of course, is to attract small and medium-sized businesses to the industry, which are able to provide regional markets and create the necessary variety of goods included in the consumer basket. At the moment, food production in the Russian Federation is represented by large food factories and even their associations, which often reduces all antimonopoly measures to a minimum efficiency.

Against the background of this situation with large producers, the state creates conditions for small full-cycle production - for farms or their cooperatives, which have equipment for processing products at their base. Of course, such farms face difficulties in implementation and relationships with large retail chains that control the food market in a mass share. Trading networks it is more profitable to deal with a large supplier with a wide range than with small farms in the regions. This is not only due to the complication of economic accounting, but also the inability to dictate the cost in the market. It is also not profitable for large enterprises to “let in” small regional consumers to the market, since due to the potential improvement in the quality of products of farmers or small industries, there may be a decrease in demand for factory products.

At the same time, there are always opportunities for the development and opening of a small, highly profitable food production with a small initial investment. We will consider this issue in the proposed review.

While there are general principles food production organization certain types business is characterized by a number of features. If we consider the food industry, we can identify a number of areas that are most beneficial for small and medium-sized businesses. As part of the review, we will consider food production and its efficiency using the following examples, which are highly unique.

Confectionery: production of sweets according to unique (“old”) recipes
The peculiarity of this business will be in the quality of the raw materials used: cocoa butter, cocoa powder, high-quality milk powder, which do not contain chemical ingredients, including trans fats. At the same time, the manufactured products can be divided into products for children, adults - men and women, diabetic products and others. This approach will simplify the choice of products.

The main problem of large confectionery factories is that they produce the same type of products according to the same recipes, which also have a high cost and often quite low quality with chemical additives. In a small production, it is possible to implement various recipes preparation of chocolate and confectionery products with a short shelf life based on natural ingredients, having developed our own specifications ( specifications).

Production fermented milk products: cheeses, yoghurts, sour cream based on French starters
The features of this type of production consist in offering consumers an expanded range of dairy products with a short shelf life. The main goal is to offer consumers a diverse range of national fermented milk products based on natural starter cultures.

On the shelves of supermarkets, you can mainly see long-term yoghurts that do not differ in original taste, foreign and national producers, in turn, seeking to reduce the cost of production for raw materials (high costs for maintaining large-scale production). Small businesses are not burdened by large infrastructure, so they can offer small batches of fermented milk products with unique qualities. The same situation is observed in the production of cheese.

Here are the names of fermented milk products that can be produced by small production:
. yoghurts: "Francesca" for weight loss, Greek yogurt (often used as a cream filler in confectionery), Turkish Valide yogurt, bifid yogurt, fitness yogurt, Matsoni yogurt, Tan (Ayran), Katyk;
. curd mass: curd mass "Theme", cottage cheese "Laktonik", curds in chocolate;
. kefirs: bifidum, treatment-and-prophylactic, biokefir, acidophilus, acidolact turak, ryazhenka ibifidoryazhka;
. cheeses: Formaggio Fresco cream cheese, Philadelphia, Mascarpone, Feta, Mozzarella, brynza, long-term storage brynza, Roquefort, Dor Blue, Stilton, Gorgonzola Dolce , Jugas, Camembert, Brie, Cheddar, Parmesan, etc.

The main problem of mass production in unified specifications, due to which the original taste of the product and the applied recipe is lost. In addition, in order to reduce risks, factories produce only “hot” goods and use substitute ingredients. Similar products from different industries have an almost identical price. This situation not only does not imply competition (and therefore does not contribute to lower prices), but in general does not imply an increase in the diversity of the consumer basket. Meanwhile, dairy products are categorized in high nutritional value.
Small production facilities are more mobile and can offer small batches of fermented milk products with a wide variety of assortment. In the given example, the possible assortment is based on starter cultures for the manufacture of fermented milk products sold by BK Guilini (Germany), Sacco (Italy), Vitamax-E, Caglifitsio Clerici (Italy), Kargil (Ivory Coast), Lactina (Bulgaria), Meito.

Bakery production: hot and fresh bread and biscuits
Bread in the old days was considered the main product in Russia. After the appearance of the potato, the consumption of bread decreased, but it is still the most consumed product. Opening a small bakery for baking fresh bread is a good start for anyone who wants to open their own business. As an additional assortment, biscuits made according to the original national recipes, which can attract a wide range of regular customers and provide a very decent income.

Production of canned food and fruit wine: jams, jams, syrups, fruit wine
It is recommended to open a workshop for the production of canned products in the southern regions of Russia or regions with extensive forests, where there is an abundance of fruits or wild berries. In these regions, the harvesting of fruits and berries has been simplified. In many villages and cities of the south, pears, apples, cherries, apricots are practically “junk” goods that can be bought up at low prices for the purpose of further processing.
As a rule, jams, jams and marmalades in stores do not have a variety of tastes. On the basis of a small production, it is possible to arrange the production of jam according to traditional, national and author's recipes. Berries and fruits can become raw materials for the manufacture of berry wine, liqueurs and tinctures. Traditionally, such products are in great demand.

The food industry is one of the areas most controlled by the state. First of all, strict control concerns the sanitary and epidemiological sphere. Sanitary standards are not only becoming more complicated every year, but in general, the number of standards is growing.

Perhaps this is the only thing that will be difficult to master for a novice manufacturer. But the abundance of norms does not imply that it is impossible to understand them and comply with the requirements, receiving a sufficiently high profit. Sanitary norms and requirements concern three components of the future food business: premises, equipment and personnel.

The premises for food production must be equipped in accordance with approved requirements. Rospotrebnadzor is the main supervisory authority over the process of design, construction and commissioning.

There are two options within which the conditions for the production of food products will be created in accordance with the law. The first is the simplest, you will need to find an empty room in which food production was previously located. Obtaining documents from the owner of the rented building will greatly simplify the process of registration.

The second option involves the re-equipment and, accordingly, the redesign of the premises specifically for food production. The project must be done by an architectural bureau that has certain experience in this area, the appropriate permit and license for the design of public catering establishments and Food Industry.

A workshop located in the city may have a store; when placing a workshop in an industrial zone, when planning, it is necessary to take into account the costs of opening a store in the city. Opening a retail outlet for the sale of products will cost 500,000-3,000,000 rubles.

Food production project.
A food production project should have standard sections for non-residential buildings:
- architectural and construction, which contains plans and diagrams of premises and features of redevelopment for new production;
- technological, implying a layout plan production equipment;
- a section covering the power supply system;
- Ventilation and air conditioning;
- heating and water supply system;
- Fire safety;
- occupational Safety and Health.

The finished project must be submitted for approval to Rospotrebnadzor. The supervisory authority, for its part, must check for compliance with the project sanitary standards. The project must be coordinated with a number of controlling services: fire department, management of communal services, energy supply, department of architecture of the city. After approval of the project, the reconstruction should be carried out construction organizations licensed and / or included in the relevant SRO.

Basic requirements for the premises.
Here are some existing requirements for a food production facility that are valid for everyone who wants to open a workshop:
1. The premises must comply with the current hygiene standards, the walls must be lined with glazed tiles at least 2.5 meters from the floor. When laying, non-toxic mixtures are used, which is reflected in the project. The rest of the surface is covered with a special paint for food production without toxic fillers.
2. Walls in warehouses must be treated with lime.
3. Special attention the project focuses on ventilation and lighting, in all production areas there must be a maintained level of humidity.
4. The water supply and sewerage systems in the workshops are divided into three components: the main elements of the production water supply, built-in personal hygiene items, and a drain for washing the floor. Sewerage must be protected from blockages.
5. Equipment and furniture must have sanitary certificates of SES. Equipment with metal or plastic surfaces is recommended.
6. It is required to take into account the parameters of electrical and fire safety and implement protection against electrical shock, the cables are laid at a height of 2.5-3 meters in thermal protective casings. The production should have a centralized switch, as well as automatic system shutdowns.
7. The main requirement for food production facilities is the presence of a buffer zone between the office and production areas.

Characteristics of the premises for the production workshop or factory.
As production premises for a small workshop, any object with an area of ​​​​200-100 square meters can be selected. meters, maximum 500 sq. meters. Of course, the size of the room depends on the needs of production. The premises should have an office, warehouses for raw materials and finished products, and direct production. A small factory can fit in an area of ​​1000 square meters. meters. When choosing a room, it makes sense to invite an expert from Rospotrebnadzor.

Many equipment suppliers offer their services for the design and installation of equipment. In Russian conditions, this project can only be taken as a basis. As mentioned, the design of food production is carried out by bureaus with the appropriate permission for these types of work. If a package of equipment with specific requirements is installed at the future enterprise, the project of the equipment supplier should form the basis of the project, which will subsequently be agreed with Rospotrebnadzor.
Let's consider examples of a complete set of the shops offered in examples.

Shop for the production of confectionery ("Chocolatier»)
Making chocolatiers or sweets according to author's recipes is now just coming into vogue. Several stores have appeared in Moscow, but there are still very few of them, and prices are often very high. At optimal combination prices and recipe, the products will sell well. Of course, the equipment for the production of "Chocolate" can be supplemented with equipment for the production of mass chocolate products, for the workshop you will need:
- to maintain temperature and humidity, the Mitsubishi Heavy air conditioner of the SRK ZMP-SInverter series is enough - 2600 rubles;
- industrial refrigerator - 24,000 rubles;
- induction cooker - 3000 rubles;
- planetary mixer for 4-6 liters - 28,000 rubles;
- tempering machine (with a volume of 200 kg per month) - 340,000 rubles;
- pyrometer - 4000 rubles;
- a guitar for cutting fillings (from 200 kg / month) - 50,000 rubles;
- hairpin for 10 cells - 10,000 rubles;
- industrial tables - 3 pieces, 30,000 rubles;
- stainless steel trays - 10,000 rubles;
- inventory - 50,000 rubles.
Total: with a production volume of 100 kg / month of chocolate - 189,000 rubles, with 200,000 kg / month - 631,000 rubles

The equipment is designed for the work of 1-2 confectioners who can make chocolatiers at the rate of 100-200 kg of chocolate, a room with an area of ​​up to 100 m2 will be required. The workshop needs a washing area.

The shelf life of sweets depends on the fillings. To increase the period, you can use ready-made fillings, but the quality of the sweets will be worse. On average, the shelf life of truffles is from 1 week to 6 months. Advice on doing business is provided on the Chocolatier.ru website. The company supplies equipment, chocolate from Callebaut (Belgium) and Cacao Barry (France), as well as all the necessary range of fillings and packaging.

Workshop for the production of fermented milk products
The choice of equipment for the production of yogurt is determined by the technological process, which involves:
1. Reception of raw milk and its purification by means of a special filter.
2. Prepared milk is separated and normalized, the process allows you to leave right amount fats;
3. The mixture is made according to the recipe and dispersed until smooth;
4. Pasteurization is carried out at 95-98°C, the mixture is cooled and the leaven is added. The fermentation process lasts 2-7 hours. Fillers are also added.

Required equipment:
- unit for pasteurization and cooling of the dairy product;
- milk mixing unit;
- packing line.
Total: the equipment will cost 2,800,000-4,400,000 rubles.

You will definitely need several refrigerators - 28,000 * 3 = 84,000 rubles. The workshop can serve 4-5 people, the production volume based on raw materials is 2-4 tons of milk, the product yield is 1.9-3.8 liters of yogurt. Starting investments 4600000 rubles.

Shop for the production of bakery products - mini-bakery
For baking bread you will need (minimum configuration, home format):
- dough mixer (PRISMAFOOD IBM 5) - 40,000 rubles;
- convection oven (Unox XF 023) - 28,000 rubles;
- freezer(DELFA DCFM-300) - 14500 rubles;
- in the absence of electricity, the FORTE FGD6500E - 36000 generator.
Total: 50,000 rubles.

For a mini-percarney, you can rent a small room in a supermarket, convert an apartment into a retail space. It is recommended to rent or buy a room in a residential area. Minimum size workshop premises - 50 sq. meters, in addition, you need to take into account office, retail space, as well as a warehouse for flour and finished products. The volume of production is 200 kg of bread per day.

It should be noted that shops with a capacity of 60-250 kg of products per hour or 0.2-3 tons per day are considered small bakeries. For comparison, the bakery produces 40-50 tons of bread per day.

Mini-bakery with greater productivity:
- flour sifter (PV-250) - 24,000 rubles;
- dough mixing machine (PRISMAFOOD IBM 5) - 40,000 rubles;
- dough divider (А2-ХТН) - 60,000 rubles;
- Rounder (Vitella SE M 37) - 160,000 rubles;
- dough molding machine (JAC UNIC) - 42,000 rubles;
- proofing cabinet - 32,000 rubles;
- bread machine - 20,000-108,000 rubles;
- trays, baking sheets, forms;
- scales;
- industrial tables 3 pcs. - 30,000 rubles.
Total: 496,000 rubles.

The baking shop should be about 40 sq. meters, you will need a warehouse for flour - 20 square meters. meters.
Some companies sell kits for mini-bakery equipment. For example, a complete set of a bakery from the ProdTechnika company up to 50 kg per hour will cost 206,939 rubles.
Some companies, for example, the Le Pysh trademark, offer the construction of a turnkey mini-bakery, the package of documents includes technology, recipes, equipment, and a room design. The equipment is provided on lease (this is a special form of credit, when the equipment becomes the property upon full payment of its cost to the supplier).

Workshop for the production of canned products from berries
When purchasing workshop equipment, you can focus on production lines created by manufacturing enterprises for small businesses. As such an example, we can cite the equipment of the canning mini-workshop "Yagoda" of the company "Prombiofit".
Production of jam from berries grated with sugar, with hot pouring into plastic cups, euro-twist glass jars, plastic buckets, production volume up to 1250 kg/shift.
The total cost of turnkey equipment: 1184400 - 1352900 rubles.
The company also offers production lines:
- for packaging dairy products "Moloko" - 259,400 rubles;
- for packaging vegetable oil "Oil" - 254,900 rubles;
- for the production of bottled water "Aqua" - 219,000-314,900 rubles;
- for packaging honey "Medofit +" - 200,000-264,000 rubles.

Opening a small food production, of course, involves hiring staff. On average, mini-workshops employ from 2 to 10 people. The productivity of the equipment can be increased if the workshop will work in 2 shifts, in which case additional workers will be required. Let's continue the consideration of the proposed examples.

Shop for the production of confectionery ("Chocolatier"), employees:

- with volumes up to 200 kg of chocolate / month - 1-2 confectioners - 2 * 35,000 rubles;
- with volumes up to 350 kg of chocolate / month - 2-4 confectioners - 4 * 35,000 rubles;
- HoReCa driver/distributor - 25,000 rubles +%;
- with volumes up to 350 kg / month, assistant distributor - 15,000 rubles +%;

- administrator of the online store - 20,000 rubles +%;
- online store courier - 12,000 rubles +%;
- in the presence of outlet and a coffee shop will need 2 sellers and 2 waiters - 2 * 20,000 + 2 * 13,000 rubles, the amount is below the average, since it does not mean a full working week.

Thus, when opening a shop for the production of "Chocolate", the working infrastructure depends on the volume of products produced and methods of implementation. In this case, the figures are given for a workshop that sells products in the HoReCa segment through delivery through an online store and with the help of its own outlet and cafe. With the features of how to open a cafe-restaurant can be found at the link.

As a result, the monthly costs of the confectionery shop for personnel will be:
- the volume of chocolate processing is up to 100 kg / month, the equivalent of 250 kg of sweets sold in HoReCa and through an online store - 228,000 rubles;
- with a volume of up to 350 kg per month, up to 875 kg of sweets sold in HoReCa and through an online store and in your own cafe - 370,000 rubles.

Workshop for the production of fermented milk products, employees
The following personnel will be required for the dairy products workshop:
- director - 70,000 rubles +%;
- 4-5 employees - 5*35000 rubles;

- watchman / cleaner - 2 * 11,000 rubles;
- if there is a Dairy Kitchen outlet at the workshop, 2 sellers will be required - 2 * 20,000 rubles.

The average cost for the personnel of an enterprise engaged in the production of yoghurts and dairy products with its own outlet "Dairy Kitchen" will be 321,000 rubles / month.
Shop for the production of bakery products - a mini-bakery, employees
The mini-bakery will require the following staff:
- director - 70,000 rubles +%;
- 2-3 bakers - 3*22000 rubles;
- driver/distributor in stores like "Discounter" - 25,000 rubles +%;

As a result, the monthly cost of wages in a mini-bakery will amount to 192,000 rubles.

Shop for the production of canned products from berries, employees
The cannery for the production of jam will require the following personnel:
- director - 70,000 rubles +%;
- 2-3 employees - 3*22000 rubles;
- driver/distributor in stores like "Discounter" - 25,000 rubles +%;
- watchman / cleaner - 11,000 rubles;
- if there is a retail outlet at the workshop, 1 seller will be required - 20,000 rubles.

As a result, the monthly cost of wages in the canning shop will also amount to 192,000 rubles.

Please note that these figures do not include payroll taxes that are borne by the business. Final Settlements must be carried out by an accountant. Food production is in the zone of strict control by government agencies, so the use of "gray" accounting methods is inappropriate. The work of the technologist should be entrusted to the director or the head of the food production workshop.

Food production processes.

The principle of any production is based on a number of well-known physical processes, which are used in the technology of processing raw materials into food products.

Among the processes of food production it is customary to distinguish:
- kinematics of hydrogravitational settling;
- processes of mixing liquid media;
- fluidized bed hydrodynamics;
- extraction processes;
- distillation processes;
- processes of heat treatment of food products.

The theoretical basis of food production is based on a certain processing technology, which must be purchased or developed in accordance with existing requirements. Based on the existing technological process, it is formed and technological line processing of raw materials. Optimization of production can relate to both increasing the nutritional value of the product - meaning the maximum preservation useful substances and the use of natural ingredients and additives that add value - and improve the efficiency of the production process.

As a result, food production must rely on the technological process and normative documentation. Previously, GOST and industry standards were used, at the moment enterprises can develop TU - technical specifications. TU implies some modification of the production process described in GOST, OST, GOST R. TI - technical instruction should be developed as part of TU.

The sale of products should take place on the trading floor or should be carried out using delivery, the sales processes should also be reflected in the TU and TI. These documents must be coordinated with Rospotrebnadzor and the Center for Standardization and Metrology (CSM). It should be noted that Rospotrebnadzor has a procedure for agreeing to specifications, which implies non-disclosure of information about the product recipe.

After approval, the technological process at the enterprise should be reflected in the following documents:
- in the catalog sheet of products approved by the CSM;
- TS portfolio agreed with Rospotrebnadzor and CSM;
- sanitary and epidemiological conclusion issued by a subordinate body of Rospotrebnadzor.
Also available upon request expert opinions CSM and Rospotrebnadzor.

The use of modern chemistry and microbiology in food production in some cases makes it possible to increase profits at times. In turn, consumers who are familiar with such “scams” ​​prefer organic products that are prepared according to traditional technologies and using natural ingredients. Why is this happening? To answer this question, it is enough to look at some examples that have become possible thanks to modern chemistry and its application in food production.

High costs Russian industries motivate some manufacturers to overuse chemicals. For example, boiled pork, smoked meat can be processed using a water-soy substance, as a result finished product increases its mass by 2-3 times.
A classic example is smokeless smoking, which was proposed in 1814 by V.N. Karamzin, as a result, the period of smoking fish or meat is reduced from 6-7 hours to 4-6 minutes. Surrogate smoking is achieved by ionizing the product in a strong electric field. Obviously, the nutritional value of the product is minimal, and its natural origin is in question.

The food industry also widely uses animal blood proteins, which are processed in meat processing plants in order to reduce the cost of the production process. The blood contains three categories of proteins - albumins, fibrinogen, globulins, which are extracted and used as an ingredient in food products. In the food industry and the agricultural sector, canned whole blood is actively used, as well as separate parts: hemoglobin, plasma, fibrin-free plasma and fibrin.
Dried plasma proteins are used in food production instead of expensive egg white e.g. in confectioneries, sausage shops and bakeries. Whole blood replaces beef and is added to the product, saving on 1 ton is 150,000-180,000 rubles.

Most meat industries use the so-called enricher, which is made from 1 part of blood and 3 parts of skimmed milk (waste), it is added to boiled sausages and pates to give a pink color to the product.
Microbiological methods of extracting a protein product are being actively introduced, which is especially important in the context of a declining natural biological protein. Refining just 2% of annual oil production with microbiological methods into protein can give 25 million tons of protein product, which is enough to feed 2 billion people during the year.

There are also quite rational microbiological technologies that allow increasing the nutritional value of products. A striking example is the hematogen, which is obtained from defibrinated and stabilized blood mixed with food glycerin. Hematogen is a valuable food additive, since its use allows you to increase the production of red blood cells, which is especially indicated for weakened people. They also make a confectionery product - a children's hematogen.

The use of modern food ingredients in food production is the manufacturer's choice. Still, small industries can produce organic products high quality with a fairly high rate of return and use only proven natural ingredients. Despite the higher cost, the products will be consumed, as they are designed for a narrow circle of customers and are produced in small volumes.

Production of food ingredients
Within the framework of food production as a business, it is also necessary to consider the production of food ingredients that are used in the manufacture of final products. The main advantage of this line of production is wholesale and almost guaranteed sales. Also, food ingredients have a longer shelf life, which has quite definite advantages when planning a business.

Food technology involves the processing of fresh foods into dry, extractable mixtures. The mixtures can be used as additives, be reconstituted for the subsequent production of the final food product. A wide variety of ingredients is offered and the list of proposals is not only constantly updated, but is always in demand.

An example is the processing of fresh fruits into dry mixes. For example, pear, peach, cranberry in the form of powder, pieces, small fractions is used for the manufacture of dietary supplements and tea, baby food, confectionery, berry fillings. It makes sense to place a workshop for the production of food ingredients based on low-temperature and vacuum drying in places where there is a large number of non-processed fruits. It should be noted that such processing involves unsorted raw materials, respectively, its cost is low.

Baking soda and table salt are also popular food ingredients with an unlimited shelf life and guaranteed sales. Production facilities are created in places of accumulation of fossil natural resources.

For example, the Krym Soda enterprise produces heavy and light soda ash from the following raw materials:
- high-quality limestones of the Crimea;
- brines of Sivash lake;
- coal - from anthracite of Donbass;
- ammonia water - waste of chemical plants.

Edible salt can be made from salt water, for example, Sea of ​​Azov, or rock salt deposits. It is processed into “Extra” grade salt, enriched salt (iodized) is also produced.

Packaging of products in food production according to well-developed and marketed options allows you to produce products not only packaged in accordance with sanitary standards and rules, but also create a bright image.

Packaging must comply with current sanitary and hygienic standards. Here are the basic requirements for packaging material SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01:
- the absence of highly toxic substances with cumulative and specific effects on human body exceeding current standards;
- should not change the organoleptic properties of the product, i.e. be neutral;
- the material used in the packaging must be included in the list of permitted packaging materials, ensure high-quality storage during the entire shelf life.

Packaging is divided into technological and packaging. It's about both about the packaging of products in the final container, and technological packaging that allows you to transport the goods and deliver them undamaged. There is a range ready-made solutions which are offered at competitive prices. The packaging market is constantly expanding.

Necessary permits and requirements for food production.

Basic regulations regarding the production process at food enterprise, are contained in GOST R 50762-95 and in GOST 30389-95 Catering. Classification of enterprises.

To put into operation in production, you will need:
- coordinate the construction project with Rospotrebnadzor and controlled services that control the compliance of food production characteristics with current standards;
- agree on the portfolio of specifications and approve the list of products;
- obtain a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion of Rospotrebnadzor form N 303-00-5 / y for the entire list of products manufactured in accordance with GOST, OST, GOST R and TU;
- together with Rospotrebnadzor, an action plan is being developed production control workshops;
- certification and declaration of products, if necessary.
Strict sanitary and epidemiological requirements relate to the organization of work in the workshop and the rules of personal hygiene of workers. All employees must receive a sanitary-technical minimum, and a sanitary pass must be organized at large enterprises.
The main requirements for an employee include:
- short-cut nails, hair tucked under a scarf or cap, personal hygiene;
- employees must work in special overalls;
- during the manufacture of products can not be touched with bare hands and work without gloves;
- employees must undergo a medical examination.

Priority areas of food production.

The state constantly creates incentives for the development of the food industry in order to ensure the food security of the country. At the moment, the segment of food production is actively expanding due to mini-productions and attracting small and medium-sized businesses to the sector of the economy. For these purposes, preferential tax terms.

To priority species production activities according to the Government of the Russian Federation include:
- production of dairy products and sour-milk products of the "premium" category, including fortified products;
- production of baby food;
- meat production;
- production of bread and bakery products;
- production of semi-finished products;
- production of confectionery products.

Given the interest of the state, developing business in the proposed areas, you can count on receiving benefits, subsidies, soft loans and other privileges.

Marketing.
Marketing activities for small food production are reduced to the development of several sales directions. We are talking about the HoReCa restaurant segment, deliveries to hypermarket chains, supermarkets, discounters, and sales through our own retail outlets.
As a rule, small-scale production is designed for regional sales and consumption, therefore, it is of great importance individual work with a potential consumer and design material for advertising products in the field retail sales, the so-called POS-materials.

Advertising.
Advertising of food production is carried out extremely rarely and only within the framework of trademark and brand. To advertise products in partner outlets, you will need various POS: posters, posters, price tags, flyers, wobblers, etc. These types of printing work are used for effective advertising in places.

If you have your own outlet, you need to distinguish it from other stores. This can be done with signboards and city lights. To promote goods in the HoReCa segment, make booklets and brochures with information about your production, and a product map where you can order and select the desired products.

Total advertising costs
Printing products, the volume of production for the year:
- price tags, wobblers, shelf-stockers, calendar cards and business cards (at the rate of 1 sheet of A2 format, circulation 1000 pieces, Arktika grade cardboard, 200 g / m2) - 32,000 rubles;
- A4 booklets 1000 pcs. - 8000 rubles;
- production prospectuses 8 pages A4 with a cover - 16,000 rubles;
- posters-posters 1000 pcs. A2 format - 20,000 rubles.
Total: 76,000 rubles.
The figures are approximate, as prices in design studios and printing houses vary significantly.

Search for customers and conclusion of contracts for the supply of products
The portfolio of wholesale buyers is the key to the financial stability of the enterprise. Wholesale supply must be built in such a way as to ensure that the workshop reaches the break-even point. Wholesale in the sale of products by a mini-workshop can reach 30-70% of the output. Typically, the conclusion of contracts is carried out by sales representatives, who, in addition to wages at a rate, receive a percentage of sales from the existing trade margin. This form of organizing the work of distributors motivates employees to work better.

Financial plan.
As part of this review, we considered a number of examples of the opening of small food production by small enterprises. Now let's try to evaluate the benefits, including in relation to each other.

Investments.
Production shop "Chocolatier»
Room costs:
The cost of opening a shop for the production of sweets handmade will cost the following:
- production volume up to 100 kg / chocolate - 189,000 rubles;
- production volume up to 200 kg / chocolate - 631,000 rubles;
- production volume up to 350 kg / chocolate - 836,000 rubles.
Staff costs will be:
- production volume up to 100 kg / chocolate - 228,000 rubles / month;
- production volume up to 200 kg / chocolate - 228,000 rubles / month;
- production volume up to 350 kg / chocolate - 370,000 rubles / month.
Advertising costs: 76,000 rubles/year.
The cost of opening a retail outlet and re-equipping the premises for opening a workshop is 2-3 million rubles.

Workshop for the production of fermented milk products
Equipment costs: 2800000-4400000 rubles.
Staff costs in the presence of the Dairy Kitchen store - 321,000 rubles / month.
Advertising costs (can be reduced, usually consumers remember products well) - 76,000 rubles / year.
The cost of opening the "Dairy Kitchen" and re-equipping the premises for the opening of a fermented milk products shop is 500,000 rubles.

Shop for the production of bakery products, mini-bakery:
Equipment costs:
- mini-bakery "Home", volume up to 200 kg / day - 50,000 rubles;
- mini-bakery "Prodtech", up to 50 kg/hour - 206939 rubles;
- mini-bakery, up to 3 tons / day - 496,000 rubles;
Staff costs in the presence of the Bakery store - 192,000 rubles / month.
Advertising costs (may be reduced or eliminated due to sale through your own outlet) - 76,000 rubles / year.
The cost of opening a bakery and re-equipping the premises for opening a mini-bakery is 500,000 rubles.

Workshop for the production of canned products, jam:
Equipment costs:
- technological line "Yagoda" of the company "Prombiofit" - 1352900 rubles;
Staff costs: 192,000 rubles / month.
Advertising costs: 76,000 rubles / year.
The cost of opening the re-equipment of the premises for the opening of a canning shop with its own store is 500,000 rubles.

Please note that the investment plan should include the salaries of employees for 2-6 months. For retail outlets and a workshop, two categories of premises were considered - in the city center and in residential areas, which implies different opening costs.

Payback.
The final calculations are carried out, taking into account all the features of the mini-shop being opened. Primary investments include the cost of acquiring raw materials for production, recipes, a formalized portfolio of technical specifications, employee training, tax costs, rent of premises and utilities, as well as employees' salaries for 3 months. On the analyzed examples, it is possible to evaluate the payback.

Production shop "Chocolatier»
When purchasing equipment at the Chocolatier club and manufacturing according to the recipes provided. The cost of production is 600-1000 rubles per 1 kg, the average price of handmade sweets is 2000-2500 rubles.

Total costs (estimated), including the salaries of employees for 3 months and the opening of a retail outlet "in the center" - 3,949,000 rubles.

We accept the implementation equal to 70% of the maximum capacity of 0.7 * 250 kg of sweets = 175 kg / month. The average revenue will be 350,000 rubles. In this case, the profit will be about - 175,000 rubles. Estimated payback period is 22 months. On average, the Chocolatier club estimates the payback of the confectionery shop at 1-2 years.

Workshop for the production of fermented milk products
Starting investments: 4,600,000 rubles (equipment and premises) + 321,000 rubles*3 (staff). Total 4921000 rubles.

The volume of production is 3.8 tons of yogurt / day and 91 tons / month. The selling price is 200 rubles/kg. The proceeds will be 18200000 rubles. We take the average revenue at 70% load of the shop - 12,740,000 rubles.
The cost of yogurt is about 31 rubles per 1 kg, the cost of sales is on average 300 rubles per kg (Greek yogurt is taken as the basis).

To make a competitive price for consumers with high profits, we reduce the selling price by 30%. We receive revenue of 891,000 rubles / month, with a sales cost of 210 rubles, the cost of production will be about 130,000 rubles. Thus, the estimated income will be (-321,000 wages) - 440,000 rubles / month.
The payback period of the workshop is 11 months.

Shop for the production of bakery products, mini-bakery
For evaluation, let's take the Prodtech mini-bakery, investments:
206,939 rubles (cost of equipment) + 3 * 192,000 rubles (staff) + 75,000 (advertising) + 500,000 (refurbishment of the premises) = 1,357,000 rubles.

The cost of 1 loaf in 1 kg is about 10 rubles. With a monthly production volume of 12 tons of bread, the revenue will be (average selling price of 1 kg - 30 rubles) - 360,000 rubles. The income will be 240,000 rubles, after the payment of wages - 48,000 rubles. Payback 28 months.

The low profitability of the bakery is obvious due to the high cost of flour, in this case it is necessary to optimize the workflow and reduce staff costs by increasing the volume of productivity. It is also permissible to increase the cost of bread.

Workshop for the production of canned products, jam
The total cost of starting production, including wages for 3 months: 2,504,000 rubles. The production volume is 1250 kg/shift, respectively, 30000 kg with a six-day working week. Obviously, this production is seasonal, so for the annual volume without conditions for long-term harvesting, work in 6-8 months should be taken. A full year of work may be subject to the availability of greenhouses or the purchase of fruits supplied from abroad. In this case, the income will be estimated approximately, since in different time year there will be a different cost of jam.

Production volume for 8 months: 240 tons of jam. The selling price is 87 rubles/kg. The annual revenue will be 20880000 rubles. The cost of production in the canning industry is constantly changing, so we will conditionally accept the figure of 43.5 rubles / kg. The proceeds will be 10440000 rubles. Salaries for 8 months 1530000 rubles. Conditional income 8910000 rubles.
The payback period of the workshop is about 3 months, on average - 1 summer season.

Economic volatility and the problem of import substitution have a detrimental effect on the development of new market sectors. It should be noted that the negative trend almost did not affect the food production sector. Food is not only an integral part of human life, but also a source of inexhaustible consumer demand. Every day more and more projects are being implemented aimed at the production of food products and their distribution. As a rule, they specialize in the production of:

• cheese;

• sausage products;

• bakery products;

• semi-finished products, etc.

When starting your own business, pay attention to the profitability of the chosen business idea for food production. First, determine the initial capital that you can invest at the start-up stage. Financial opportunities are often decisive when choosing an idea for a business.

Secondly, the location of the workshop plays an equally important role in the implementation of a successful enterprise. Pleasant interior decoration and convenient transport location largely determines the success of future sales.

In the future, using a good premise, you will be able not only to produce, but also to sell the food produced by yourself. It is worth noting that correct selection premises can also significantly enhance the image of a start-up food production.

Thirdly, do not forget about competitors, the presence of which puts your idea at risk. Competent business planning will help you increase guarantees and minimize production risks.

cheese business

Today, cheese is not only a favorite food item, but also a goldmine for aspiring entrepreneurs. The number of representatives of cheese making in Russia is not numerous. In this regard, the competitive advantage of this business area is obvious:

• high consumption of cheese products;

• low level of competition;

• Guaranteed return on initial investment within 1 year.

To start production activities, you need to find a room, the size of which will be at least 400 square meters. On the territory it is necessary to correctly place several utility rooms, a food production workshop and a warehouse for storing finished products.

The next step is the purchase of specialized equipment, which can be classified into domestic and foreign.

Experienced managers believe that it is more profitable to purchase domestic equipment. This is due to the fact that the devaluation of the ruble and the unstable pricing policy of foreign currency can at any time affect both the cost of acquisition and maintenance of the production line.

To open a cheese mini-factory, you will need equipment for the following purposes:

• sterilizers;

• sourdough enzyme;

• equipment that feeds and molds the product;

• containers for storage of raw materials;

• buffer tanks;

• molding for industrial use.

A business idea and the cost of its full implementation can vary from four to eight million rubles.

Sausage shop

Today, successfully implementing a food production business idea is not easy. Beginning entrepreneurs often try to surprise the buyer by offering a new product.

To take a stable position in the sale of finished products, it is necessary to cooperate with restaurants, hotels or mini-markets.

The food production business idea has already gained popularity among entrepreneurs. Beginning businessmen often neglect the rules of successful food production and end up at a loss.

Success is not framed only by the quality of raw materials. Today, successful distribution channels are also important. The product range can be presented in the following format:

• diet or chicken;

• home;

• raw smoked;

• boiled and others.

The successful implementation of this business idea can cost an entrepreneur from 5 to 7 million rubles.

Bread is the head of everything

Today, more than 60% of the market is focused on consumer products. While the remaining 40% is still open to developing business ideas.

Dietary bread is considered the main trend of this year. It not only perfectly satisfies hunger, but also cleanses the body. Special grain, fruit and even vegetable additives not only add new taste sensations, but also have a beneficial effect on the intestinal microflora. By producing dietary bakery products, You are guaranteed to provide an increase in the profits of your company.

The production of bakery products can be carried out fully and partially. By maintaining partial technological equipment, you can save up to half initial capital. While the cost of a full-fledged line varies from 3 to 5 million rubles.

Semi-finished products

The manufacture of semi-finished products can be safely called one of the proven business ideas. Currently, people appreciate not only the quality of food, but also the speed of their preparation.

Among buyers of semi-finished products, the following blanks are in greatest demand:

• vareniki;

• dumplings;

• cutlets;

• vegetable preparations;

• fruit preparations.

The range of future products should be carefully thought out and based on current market trends. With the right guidance, a manufacturing business idea can significantly reduce manufacturing risks and guarantee the success of a company.

The cost of opening a line for the manufacture of semi-finished products starts from 2 to 3 million rubles.

Whatever business you choose to implement, remember that the main competitive advantage has always been and remains the quality of the services provided.