Organization of a construction company from scratch. How to start a construction business from scratch: a plan, step-by-step instructions and recommendations

The market economy introduces significant changes not only in the economic activity of most enterprises, but also in the very perception of life by a modern person.

For many of us, it is no longer enough to just have a good job with a stable income, but we want to open our own business enterprise. A business started and built from scratch with your own hands is the cherished dream of truly enterprising people.

In the present conditions, one of the most profitable and promising types of business is considered to be construction. If you have chosen this type of commerce, then you need to know how to start a construction business, this will help you avoid many of the typical mistakes that most novice entrepreneurs tend to make.

Features of the construction business

Like any modern commercial enterprise, the presented business is divided into several main categories, these are:
— the sphere of civil engineering;
— road construction;
- industrial construction of buildings.

Services of a construction company can be divided into two types:

- basic services, including such types of work as: the construction of residential buildings, garages, baths, warehouses, and so on, on a turn-key basis, and: installation, dismantling, repair of apartments and other premises;
- additional services - leasing of personnel and equipment, sale of building materials, training of personnel from other companies.

To start a construction business from scratch you must adhere to the following algorithm of actions:

- writing a clear business plan;
— preparation of all registration documentation;
- collection of permits;
- purchase of inventory, equipment, machinery;
— recruitment of qualified personnel;
- Finding existing and new clients.

For successful commercial activity in the chosen direction, you will need to draw up a good business plan. This is necessary not only for organizing a company, but also in order to get a loan from a bank.

It usually contains everything you need to know about the liabilities and assets of your firm, as well as what methods will be chosen to increase profits.

With the help of a business plan, you will accurately calculate the payback and profitability construction company business.

Pros and cons of the construction business

The main advantage of engaging in the presented type of entrepreneurial activity is the opportunity to make a good profit, though after a certain period. On average, the profitability of the construction business ranges from 50 to 70%.

Among all types of private entrepreneurial activity, this result is called the most impressive. It is also worth noting that the presented type of commercial activity pays off on average within one year.

To start a construction business from scratch be sure to have large financial resources. Also important is the ability to attract qualified and conscientious personnel and possession of sound knowledge in the chosen specialty.

However, as in any other commercial activity, you may encounter some pitfalls and problems.

The most typical of them are the following:

1) A significant decrease in profits can cause problems such as difficulty in entering the market. A positive factor will be hiring employees who already have experience in this field, they will contribute to the fact that your company will have a good reputation in the market, you will not need to spend additional money on advertising. Also, hiring employees with experience is a great opportunity to avoid forced price cuts;

2) A company that has recently registered and is just entering a wide market may have serious problems obtaining a loan from large banking organizations. The fact is that banks doubt the stability and prospects of a young company. You can only convince them otherwise if you have a well-written business plan and significant assets;

3) When opening a construction company from scratch, be prepared for a high level of competition in the presented business area. To be successful, you must provide your customers with a good advantage over your competitors.

The financial component of construction activities

In order for your company to actively develop for a long time, you need to learn how to properly manage your accounting, without the correct calculation of profits and expenses it will be impossible to maintain stable development and make wise investments. What can we say about attracting new customers, and so on.

It should be noted that one of the important conditions for organizing a construction business is the implementation of constant large financial investments, the retention of money at the stages of construction that has not yet been completed. Compliance with these conditions will allow a novice entrepreneur to make a good profit after some time.

There is the following list of main attachments:
- purchase of construction equipment;
- purchase of special equipment;
– transport taxes, advertising activities, taxes;
— lease of office and industrial premises.

One of the ways to reduce financial costs is not to purchase special equipment in the property, but to rent it. Usually, a significant part of the funds from start-up entrepreneurs goes to the promotion of the company and investments in advertising activities.

A good solution is to create an Internet site for your company, which will present a complete catalog of services, projects, price list, and so on. Investments in the site and advertising are among the most important.

Collection of necessary documentation

Each construction company must have the following set of documents:
- certificate of state registration;
- certificate of registration with the tax authorities;
- the charter of the enterprise;
- seal;
— statistical codes;
- the decision to form an enterprise.
Licensing of the company includes the collection of the following documents:
- building permit - issued by the local government and the chief architect;
– license for engineering work;
— license for the design of structures and buildings.

Hiring

If you decide to organize your construction business from scratch, then you cannot do without hiring qualified and conscientious personnel. The reputation of the company, its performance and profitability will largely depend on this factor.

Depending on the specific conditions of doing business, the list of personnel may vary significantly, but usually it includes the following items:
- Purchasing Manager;
- designer;
- HR inspector;
- architect;
- foreman;
- lawyer;
- accountant.

If you plan to open a small finishing company, then the minimum number of people in one team is 4 people. Accordingly, they should include an electrician, a painter, a plasterer, and a carpenter. An important point is that in order to obtain a license in state institutions, at least more than half of the registered employees must have a higher construction education.

To increase productivity, be sure to provide your workers with all the necessary set of construction equipment and inventory. They must be in good condition, regularly undergo technical inspections, and also comply with safety standards and requirements. It is best to give your preference to an expensive, but high-quality tool than to purchase a cheap low-quality inventory.

How to attract new customers

For the successful development of any modern commercial enterprise, it is essential to be able not only to win your group of regular customers, but also to attract new customers. The implementation of this task will significantly expand the capabilities of your company, and reach a new level of development.

For start-up entrepreneurs, the following ways to find clients are suitable:
— creation of own base of potential clients;
– the beginning of independent development of the site in order to further sell real estate on the market. You can start selling at any stage of construction - both at the initial and final stages;
- A good way to attract new customers is to receive orders after winning a government tender.

If you don't know how to open a construction business, then the presented material should definitely help you with this.

If you follow all the above recommendations and the proposed algorithm of actions, then starting this type of entrepreneurial activity should not cause any obstacles and difficulties. It is worth remembering that success comes only to businessmen who are strong-willed and able to strive to obtain new information.

Entrepreneurial structures for the uninitiated look the same from a legal and organizational point of view. It may seem that you can create a construction company in exactly the same way as opening a cafe or a store. In fact, with all the similarity, these processes are the same only in some moments.

A construction firm can be established as a limited liability company, a joint-stock company, or a small private enterprise. But for builders, some permits are needed, for public catering establishments - completely different ones. What restaurateurs need in terms of business organization is useless for architects. Therefore, you need to be aware of the nuances.

Relations with the state

An entrepreneur from the very beginning of his activity, or rather, even before it begins, necessarily interacts with the state on many issues. It all starts with the registration of a company, because you cannot start work without an officially created structure, the legislation in Russia considers such a procedure to be mandatory.

Before you open a construction company or a TV repair studio, you need to come up with a name for the company, choose an office (legal address) for it, decide on the size of the authorized capital and the composition of the founders, if it is a limited liability company. After completing a small number of documents required by law, it's time to go to the registration authority and go through all the necessary procedures. If you want to save time - you need to contact a specialized company, if you want money - do everything yourself.

The next step is obtaining permits for certain types of activities. For construction companies, they are not so few, but also uncritically many. What exactly should be received depends on the intended type of activity.

There is such a SRO document (self-regulatory organizations) that is needed by those who intend to build buildings of four floors and above, block residential buildings of eleven blocks or more. There are also restrictions on the area and the number of living families. If all the indicators are below those described, the SRO is useless.

The right to design various objects must be confirmed by a license, as well as the right to conduct survey work. Local authorities issue a permit for the construction of any building or structure. If there is no such permission, buildings and structures are considered to be unauthorized construction, with all the ensuing consequences.

Market research

The start of any business projects is necessarily preceded by a thorough study of the market in which you have to work. It is necessary to find out how possible it is to organize a particular enterprise in a given territory, including from a technical point of view. For example, if there is no gas pipeline in the settlement, it is possible to build a brick factory in it, but the cost of supplying gas will be included in the construction costs.

So, for a construction company, it is important to determine:

• whether there are appropriate resources in the area;
• the demand for certain construction services;
• How intense is the competition in the market?
• what are the statistics of the construction of construction projects;
• Is there a sufficient number of specialists with the required qualifications?

This does not exhaust the necessary information, the more of them, the better. The main thing is to analyze the information received correctly, drawing conclusions about which niche in the market it is worth applying for.

See also: How to open a construction company and make money on it

Planning

It has already become a tradition that for a novice entrepreneur, planning is a business plan. Many consider such a document to be something like confirmation of status or simply a necessity for obtaining funding from banks and other financial institutions.

In fact, a business plan is not a formal reply, and not even a tradition. This is the document that the entrepreneur himself needs. It contains calculations of all the nuances of a project. Without calculations, a business turns into amateur activity, which usually ends up in bankruptcy rather quickly.

Equipment, machinery and methods of its acquisition

How to open a construction company if there is no equipment and machinery? Almost nothing, because cooking food for customers on a fire is not welcomed by the sanitary and hygienic services, as well as with construction.

The easiest and cheapest way to purchase equipment is if the company will only deal with repairs. But even in such cases, rollers, brushes and buckets alone are not enough, you still need transport and some devices. A serious construction company needs a solid in quantity and in total a very expensive set of equipment.

What exactly is worth buying? You should proceed from the same business plan and think about buying only what you need necessarily and constantly. Construction equipment is expensive to maintain and operate, so every extra, say, a truck crane, will be a heavy burden on the cost of work and services. If some machine or mechanism is used occasionally, it is better to rent it. Special equipment rental services are not uncommon. You can rent almost everything - from an airbrush to a panel carrier, and it will be less expensive than keeping, for example, a drilling rig so that once a year it will come in handy for something.

In this article, we will guide you about the features and nuances of the question "how to become a contractor for a construction company."

How to become a partner of a construction company

The ubiquitous and steadily growing construction business seems attractive to many professional managers and investors. But what is needed to start this activity, and how to become a contractor or subcontractor in the construction or repair of newly created or modernized facilities?

To understand the aspects of this type of employment and earnings, it is necessary to more systematically understand how the construction process works, how the distribution and further production of construction contract work is carried out in the construction services market. To start construction work, it is most logical to become a partner of a construction organization that already has sufficient scope of work and established experience in relations with key customers.

How contractors and subcontractors work in construction

In construction, with rare exceptions, there are no enterprises that independently carry out the full range of work undertaken. Therefore, the concepts of General contracting for construction work and partial or full subcontracting have developed. In order to understand how contractors work, it is advisable to study open tender procedures announced on trading floors, to analyze the documentation offered by Customers for the construction of various facilities. In the package of competitive materials, there are often special individual parameters that the selected contractor must comply with. Often, in order to win a tender or competition, it is required not only to have experience, to have a specified number of completed and handed over objects, but also to have specific resources. This can be: special construction equipment, human resources, contracts with manufacturers of building materials. To understand how subcontractors work in construction, in the documentation for the facility, you can see separate lists of work, as a rule, not related to the implementation and timing of other work packages that can be transferred to other contractors. Often the general contractor selects subcontractors for himself also through competitive procedures. In this case, you can familiarize yourself with the documentation and the main parameters for subcontracting work.

What do you need to become a contractor or subcontractor?

In order to become a contractor in construction from scratch, you need only three important conditions:
Availability of resources;
Proven experience;
Competitive price of the offered works.
In addition to these conditions, in order to undertake certain types of work, permits may be required. For a whole set of certain types of construction work, this is membership in SROs (self-regulatory organizations), which carry out the control required by law for the availability of the required qualifications and competencies of performers, and also issue permits for the production of these types of work. Some types of work, such as the handling of certain hazardous substances, work with high voltage, other hazardous work, must be carried out under the supervision of specialized state organizations. This also requires certificates and permits from both the staff and the organization as a whole.
Many types of construction work are not subject to legal regulation and require only the organization of compliance with the rules of work and safety.
Customers, choosing an organization for the construction or repair of an object, pay great attention to the experience of successfully performing similar work. Therefore, the easiest way to get involved in such a business is to start by partnering with an experienced organization as a subcontractor. Subcontracting works performed with high quality and on time will also be included in the portfolio of successful projects and, over time, will become a hallmark for receiving independent orders.

How do construction contractors make money?

It will be easy for a manager from any business segment to understand how contractors earn in construction, since the main task of a contractor is the competent organization of all construction processes and their provision with materials. The contractor formally may not produce any volumes of direct construction at all, subcontracting them. Very often, organizations retain only the functions of supplying construction materials and providing special construction equipment. All other works can be transferred to other organizations.
The construction business is a very structured type of activity, therefore, in order to become a contractor or subcontractor in construction, it can be recommended to start the first steps with some specific types or compositions of work. It can be: electrical work of low-voltage networks, erection of walls, finishing or plumbing work, etc. In addition, it is extremely useful to become a subcontract partner with a large construction organization, taking on a feasible list of works from a general order.

The construction process in any settlement does not stop for a minute. Some companies build high-rise buildings and cottages, others build shopping centers and factory shops, and others are engaged in the repair and decoration of apartments. Therefore, many entrepreneurs are thinking about the possible prospects for such activities and the income associated with it.

But how to start a construction business for a beginner? To answer this question, you need to consider all the stages of creating an enterprise, including a preliminary assessment of the demand and activity of competitors, the search for a free niche, recruitment and purchase of equipment. But the most important thing is understanding the structure of the industry, the ways in which construction companies interact, the principles of division of labor and responsibility, as well as the mechanisms of legislative regulation. Without this knowledge, a novice entrepreneur runs the risk of repeating the mistakes of his predecessors and even losing the money invested in the business.

Types and features of business

The number of possible lines of business in the construction industry is in the dozens; even a novice entrepreneur will be able to find a suitable option among this variety, based on personal preferences. The scale of the projects being implemented in this case is determined by the volume of capital investments in the enterprise:

• Large business with investments from 100 million rubles involves the construction of residential areas and high-rise buildings, industrial enterprises, educational and medical institutions, railway stations and airports, highways and railways, bridges and other similar facilities;
• Medium-sized businesses with investments of more than 20 million rubles include the construction of private houses, cottage settlements, the repair of multi-storey buildings and pavement, the production and wholesale supply of building materials;
• Small business with investments from 500 thousand rubles is mainly repair and decoration of apartments, construction of country houses and outbuildings, production of building materials on a "garage" scale, as well as work as a subcontractor with a narrow specialization (for example, roofing, installation of engineering networks, installation of windows and doors, insulation of buildings).

Industry structure

The construction of any object includes designing, obtaining permits, drawing up estimates, attracting specialists to perform various kinds of work, and purchasing building materials and equipment. Very few companies are able to cover all these areas at the same time. Therefore, when considering the features of the construction business, it can be noted that there is a certain specialization in this industry:

1. Architectural and design bureaus are engaged exclusively in the development and execution of project documentation. Such activities require not only experience, education and special knowledge, but also obtaining numerous permits and permits. Therefore, this type of business is not available to novice entrepreneurs;
2. General contractors assume the bulk of the responsibility for the project, as they determine its cost, completion dates, assess possible risks and select subcontractors. Running a construction business of this magnitude requires having your own fleet of various special equipment, material and technical base and a staff of experienced specialists;
3. Subcontractors specialize in performing a narrow range of specific work and work under a contract with a general contractor. In the question of how to develop a construction business from scratch, aspiring entrepreneurs should pay attention to this particular area of ​​activity: in order to create such an enterprise, it is enough to form a small team and purchase equipment;
4. Suppliers assume obligations to provide construction materials of the required range and quality in the required volumes.

Choice of direction

An entrepreneur creating a new construction business must first of all determine the priority areas of the enterprise. Of course, it is somewhat more difficult for companies with a narrow specialization to find customers, but also attempts to over-expand the range of services without proper experience will lead to an unjustified expenditure of funds and resources. Therefore, it would be more expedient to focus on one of the main types of construction business, including:

1. Civil engineering. The direction includes the construction of multi-apartment and private residential buildings, cottages, office buildings, hotels, garages, railway stations, shopping and entertainment complexes;
2. Industrial engineering. This area includes the construction of industrial buildings, workshops, warehouses, factory buildings;
3. Agricultural construction. This type of activity involves the construction and equipping of poultry farms, livestock and greenhouse complexes, vegetable stores, elevators;
4. Road construction. This business includes the construction and reconstruction of transport infrastructure facilities - roads and railways, bridges, tunnels, subway lines.

How to start a construction business from scratch if the amount of start-up capital is limited? In this case, the most accessible area may be the repair and finishing work in apartments and commercial premises - an enterprise with such a specialization does not need heavy construction equipment, or a separate office, or a large staff. Among the business ideas in the construction industry with minimal investment include:

• Construction of private houses and prefabricated buildings;
• Construction of garages, bathhouses, gazebos and other outbuildings;
• Re-planning, repair and finishing of apartments or private houses;
• Front works, warming of buildings;
• Electric installation work;
• Installation of ventilation, heating and water supply systems;
• Installation of stretch ceilings;
• Painting works, applying decorative plaster;
• Laying of all types of floor coverings;
• Laying ceramic and granite tiles;
• Installation of plasterboard structures.

Advantages and disadvantages

The construction business in Russia is complex and multifaceted. Each direction has its own characteristics, without studying which it is almost impossible to create a successful enterprise - for example, the construction of cottages becomes popular during periods of economic growth, and budget apartment renovation is relevant during a crisis. Nevertheless, the overall prospects for the construction business in 2018 can be assessed on the basis of positive and negative factors that have a direct impact on this industry as a whole. Benefits include:

• High level of income - even with a profitability of 15–20%, the profit of a construction company amounts to hundreds of thousands of rubles;
• Ability to work with both private and corporate clients;
• Constant demand for services - apartments, houses, commercial and industrial buildings need regular repairs, and developers continue to commission new microdistricts;
• Opportunity to receive income not only from the construction of facilities, but also from their design;
• Regular involvement of companies that have proven themselves from the best side to work on projects across the city or region;
• The possibility of implementing a large number of building business ideas from scratch - among the many areas of activity, any entrepreneur will find the right one for himself.

Of course, the construction business in 2018 also has certain disadvantages, which sometimes significantly limit the freedom of action of the owner of the company:

• The need to join the SRO to perform many types of work;
• The need for heavy construction equipment, the purchase or rental of which is accompanied by significant costs;
• Difficulty in finding qualified and decent personnel;
• The presence of a certain seasonality of demand - the main construction work is carried out in the warm season;
• Difficulty in raising borrowed funds - banks and investors carefully assess the prospects of the construction business and are reluctant to lend to start-up entrepreneurs who have not yet earned a positive reputation for themselves.

Registration and registration

In the construction business, the path from scratch begins with the registration of an enterprise and the execution of various permits. This process includes:

• Actually, the registration of SPD - an individual or legal entity;
• Obtaining a building permit from the local government. Permission is not required for the construction of structures that are not related to capital objects - utility and auxiliary buildings, garages, country houses, kiosks, baths;
• If necessary, join one or more self-regulatory organizations (each of them specializes in a certain type of activity).

Company registration

The process of registering a new enterprise is standard: before starting a construction business from scratch, you need to choose the legal form, types of activities in accordance with OKVED, and the taxation system. Highly specialized companies and entrepreneurs engaged in repair and finishing works may prefer individual entrepreneurs on a simplified taxation system at a rate of 6% or 15%. Expenses accompanying the registration of an individual entrepreneur - payment of a state duty in the amount of 800 rubles.

For larger-scale activities, an LLC is suitable: of course, the legislation imposes increased requirements on such a legal form when preparing documentation and submitting reports, however, such inconveniences are offset by a simplified procedure for obtaining various permits and licenses, the high status of the enterprise, as well as the possibility of attracting investors as co-owners of the business. The expenses accompanying the registration of an LLC are the payment of a state duty of 4,000 rubles and the formation of an authorized capital (10,000 rubles).

The need to join the SRO

To date, works related to design and construction do not apply to activities subject to mandatory licensing. However, an entrepreneur studying how to open a construction business may pay attention to the existence of a system of permits for responsible or dangerous work issued by self-regulatory organizations.

The SRO is a community of construction experts, working professionals, and business owners whose training enables them to determine which newcomers are qualified for the job. To obtain admission, you need to find a suitable SRO according to the profile, contact its representative and give him:

• Application for membership in the organization in the prescribed form;
• The main documentation of the enterprise - certificates of registration and registration with the Federal Tax Service, the charter of the LLC and a copy of the minutes of the meeting on the appointment of the director;
• Copies of diplomas of specialized education for management;
• Copies of work books to confirm the length of service of employees.

Joining an SRO is a rather expensive procedure for an entrepreneur starting a construction business from scratch.

Membership-related costs include:

• Entrance fee (50 thousand rubles);
• Contribution to the insurance compensation fund (300 thousand rubles);
• Monthly installments (5 thousand rubles);
• Training of at least three specialists (21 thousand rubles);
• Annual contribution under the liability insurance contract (5 thousand rubles).

It should be noted that not all construction work requires obtaining an SRO permit. For example, the official list does not include:

• Repair of apartments, not associated with a change in the load-bearing structures of the building;
• Design, construction and repair of structures that do not require a building permit;
• Construction of individual housing up to three floors high;
• Construction of townhouses up to three floors, including up to ten blocks.

Office space

To open a construction company from scratch, it is not necessary to develop a business plan taking into account the need to rent an office: in many cases, this is not required, since all negotiations and work are carried out on the territory of the customer. If the scale of the enterprise requires its own premises, then a suitable option can be found on the outskirts of the city or in an industrial area.

To accommodate administrative staff (director, accountant, estimator), an area of ​​​​20-25 m² is enough, but another 150-180 thousand rubles will have to be invested in the purchase of office equipment:

• Computers and printers;
• Phones and faxes;
• Work tables and armchairs;
• Chairs for visitors;
• Cases and racks for documentation.

The requirements for storage facilities will be determined by the size of the material and technical base of the enterprise: if an ordinary garage is suitable for storing hand-held power tools, then hangars or specially equipped sites will have to be rented for heavy equipment and building materials.

Equipment

Due to the high cost of special equipment, few large companies can afford to maintain a full fleet of machines. Therefore, in the construction industry, the practice of renting bulldozers, excavators and cranes has become widespread. Considering how to develop a construction business, it is possible to provide for their phased acquisition in the future: in order to recoup such investments, the equipment will have to be operated daily. The minimum list of heavy equipment includes:

1. Dump truck on KamAZ chassis (from 1.83 million rubles);
2. Truck crane Ivanovets (from 4.17 million rubles);
3. Komatsu caterpillar excavator (from 2.2 million rubles);
4. Wheel excavator Hyundai (from 4.4 million rubles);
5. Bulldozer Shehwa (from 4.64 million rubles);
6. Mobile trailer for workers (from 150 thousand rubles).

However, you can start a construction business with a small investment - it is enough to have at your disposal:

• Measuring tool - roulettes, levels, rulers, rangefinders, plumb lines, levels and squares of different sizes;
• Power tools - saws, grinders, wall chasers, punchers and drills, welding machines, vacuum cleaners, jack milks, compressors, building hair dryers, lifting equipment, concrete mixers and plastering stations;
• Hand tools - hammers, crowbars, hacksaws, sealant guns, shovels, buckets, stretchers and wheelbarrows, wrenches, screwdrivers, pliers, pliers, trowels, rollers and brushes;
• Protective equipment - goggles, respirators, overalls and footwear, gloves and helmets;
• Scaffolding, ladders, ladders;
• Lighting fixtures - lamps and spotlights.

Equipping the brigade will cost 450-500 thousand rubles. In addition, for the transportation of workers, equipment and building materials, it is desirable to have your own vehicle - a minibus or a small truck.

Personnel composition

In the construction business of 2018, many types of work that do not correspond to the profile of the enterprise are subcontracted. For example, when building a private house, drilling a well or connecting a building to engineering networks is easier and more profitable to entrust to a third-party contractor. Thus, it is enough for a small construction company to have in its state:

• Bricklayer;
• Specialist in plumbing and heating systems;
• Electrician with a tolerance up to 1000 V;
• Finishing specialist;
• Tiler;
• One or more auxiliary workers.

Both piecework and fixed wage systems are used for working personnel. The staffing of the enterprise in the second case may look like this:

staffing

Financial investments and profitability

The amount of initial investment in the construction business is to a certain extent determined by the list of necessary equipment, which, in turn, depends on the chosen field of activity. The minimum level of investment is about half a million rubles: with such capital, you can do repair and finishing work or low-rise construction. It is impossible to determine the maximum limit: for example, the value of the assets of the PIK company (the largest Russian developer) is 117 billion rubles. The costs of setting up a small business may include:

Initial investment

The main part of the current expenses of the company is the remuneration of employees. Therefore, at the initial stage, only the most necessary specialists should be hired, and in the last place - personnel not directly related to the production process.

Current expenses of the enterprise

To determine the approximate amount of income, you should take into account the average market value of construction work. For example, a company specializing in the repair of apartments may set the following rates:

• Cosmetic repairs - from 1500 rubles / m²;
• Economy class repair - from 2800 rubles / m²;
• Luxury renovation - from 4000 rubles/m²;
• Renovation - from 7500 rubles / m².

In order for the entrepreneur’s net profit to amount to 100 thousand rubles, it is necessary to repair at least 130 m² of residential premises within a month, which is equivalent to two or three medium-sized apartments: with parallel work on several sites, this is quite possible.

Search for customers

When learning how to create a construction business from scratch, where to start preparing for the launch of an enterprise, it should be understood that the main factor determining the success of a company is the presence of a client base. The most effective ways to attract customers can be considered:

• Placement of advertisements in specialized publications and on the Internet. Even a small company should develop its own website - the list of services provided and examples of completed objects are more visual for consumers than abstract advertisements in newspapers;
• Recommendations from satisfied customers. Each person who speaks positively about the level of service and the quality of work can thereby attract two or three new customers, so even low-budget orders should not be neglected;
• Cooperation with well-known companies. Some of the clients of such enterprises can be quite large customers who will certainly pay attention to a subcontractor who quickly and efficiently solves the tasks;
• Participation in government and commercial tenders. Of course, this method of finding customers must be taken with all responsibility, because even in the event of a loss, the company will be able to declare itself, and in case of victory, it will have to assume all obligations to complete the project.

Many existing companies have been in the construction industry for decades, making it incredibly difficult for a newcomer to break into this market. Such problems are especially relevant in large cities, where the winners of tenders and executors of orders are usually known in advance. In order to find your consumer in such a competitive environment, you should:

Determine whether you have sufficient funds, the ability to take out a loan to start on your own, or whether you need to attract investors. If you already have funds, you can create an individual entrepreneur; to attract a large amount from outside, the organization of LLC will be the best choice.

Study the demand for real estate in your area. Depending on this, you should choose the direction of activity: the construction of townhouses, cottages for sale or wooden houses on order.

When drawing up a business plan, seasonality, the average cost of housing in your area and the purchasing power of the population should be taken into account. The demand for housing construction is very high, but it is better to start with a narrow specialization and choose the most popular options that allow you to reach payback in the shortest possible time.

Main risks

The construction industry is highly competitive. A beginner needs to choose a narrow specialization and offer customers the highest level of service. Your advantage is the ability to focus on the little things. Large construction companies do not have such an opportunity due to the peculiarities of the management organization.

Dependent on the season. All stages of the construction of cottages can be carried out in spring and summer. With the right organization of work and the availability of sufficient funds to ensure the turnkey construction in full, you can start selling your house in the fall. If these conditions are not met, the risk of freezing construction until the next season is very high. Before starting work, make sure that you have everything you need to deliver the object by the scheduled date.

Location

The office of the company must be located in the central or business district of the city. Here you will hold meetings with clients and partners. Also, designers, accountants, customer and supplier managers will work in the central office.

The facility for storing equipment and manufacturing prefabricated wooden houses should be located in an industrial area or on the outskirts of a city. Suitable for production and storage facilities. An important point is convenient transport interchange and the ability to bring the communications necessary for the activity.

If you specialize in the construction of cottages or townhouses and their subsequent sale, the question of finding a site for construction is added. Examine city development plans. It is unprofitable to build houses in a remote village that lacks modern infrastructure and convenient transportation. Look for vacant sites in a crowded area, with communications and in close proximity to schools, shops, medical institutions and other infrastructure facilities.

Sign a contract with a realtor who will provide you with information about the average cost of housing in each of the areas. Having chosen interesting sites, order a soil analysis from the geodetic service.

Equipment

Buying expensive construction equipment is not worth it. Depending on the project at each stage of work, you can rent the necessary equipment with personnel from companies specializing in providing such services. Buy only those tools and equipment that are necessary for your work at all times.

If you are planning to sell finished wooden houses, the situation is different. The team of lumberjacks must be equipped with chainsaws and other equipment for logging. Means for transporting wood to the assembly site can be rented. Assembly, which is best done in winter, is also done using chainsaws, electric planers and a standard set of carpentry tools. To work, you need a mini-power plant. The approximate cost of a set of equipment for the work of one team is 50-60 thousand rubles.

Personnel

For the construction of frame houses, it is necessary to hire a team of lumberjacks (5 people) in the summer. The assembly must also be carried out by 5-6 qualified specialists, who are hired by the owner of the company on a full-time basis.

For permanent work in a company specializing in the construction of turnkey houses, a few people are enough:

Supervisor.
- Foreman.
- Manager.
- Accountant.
All other employees can be involved on a contract basis, depending on the stage of work.
Look for firms and teams with a narrow specialization:

Design.
- Excavation.
- Building walls.
- Internal work.
- Laying of power supply and communications.
- Water supply.
- Finishing work.
- Landscaping.

There are a lot of suggestions for each of the items. Having chosen the best options in terms of the cost of services, the quality and timing of the work, you can further conclude cooperation agreements with each of these teams or firms for the construction of the following facilities.

Documents and licenses

For low-rise construction, you do not need to obtain a license and become a member of the SRO. It is enough for the owner of the company to register an individual entrepreneur or LLC in the tax office and choose a convenient type of taxation.

If you have permanent employees, you need to register a company with the employment and social insurance service. Building permits are issued by local authorities. When designing an object, you must coordinate all the nuances with the architectural bureau and the fire safety service.

Payback

Much depends on the average cost of housing in a particular region. On average, the cost of building a small house for one family, subject to cooperation with wholesalers of building materials and proper organization of work, is about 2 million rubles. The selling price of such houses fluctuates around 3 million rubles. During one season, you can earn 1 million rubles on the construction of one house.

The profitability of building finished wooden houses reaches 30-40%. With the correct organization of the company's activities, it is realistic to reach payback in a year and a half.

Marketing

The main condition for success is quality, comprehensive service and speed of work.

Summary

The home building business is highly profitable. By developing a real business plan and choosing the most popular direction, you can attract investors and reach payback within 1-2 years.

The construction business is one of the most profitable in Russia. This is not the first year that the so-called "construction boom" has been going on and it will last for more than one decade. Not only residential buildings are being built, but also municipal buildings, factories, shopping centers. Even a young company can win a tender for the construction of a facility and earn a lot of money from it. You can find out how to participate in tenders.

Where to begin?

The first thing you need to do to open a company - determine the direction of work. Today, the following types of construction companies are distinguished:

1. Architectural and design firm . Such a company is exclusively engaged in the design and execution of projects. For such firms, not only experienced, but also talented employees are important.
2. General contractors . They are engaged in both redecorating the apartment and building large residential complexes. Opening requires powerful equipment and a large staff.
3. Subcontractors-specialists . They are engaged in a certain list of works or perform construction work on a small scale. It is best to start a business with the opening of just such a company. For its work, only a small team of specialists is needed.
4. Subcontractors-suppliers . They are mainly engaged in the supply of construction equipment and materials.

It is best to start as a specialist subcontractor. Then you can gradually expand the business.

Team Recruitment

First of all, a construction company should consist of specialists with specialized education. Diplomas, work books - all this is taken into account when joining the SRO.

To get started, you need to assemble a small team, which will include:

• mason;
• plumber;
• electrician;
• painter-plasterer;
• tiler-finisher;
• high-altitude installer (if necessary).

At the same time, it is important that at least half of the employees have diplomas of special education, work experience of at least about 2-5 years.

A high-altitude fitter must have a work permit and pass a medical examination. An electrician must also have the same medical board and a certificate of admission to work with a class mark.

The main requirements that must be presented to employees:

1. Having work experience;
2. good faith;
3. Ability to complete assigned tasks within the given time frame.

After you have orders and start making money, you can gradually hire employees with little or no work experience.

Company registration

After you have more or less formed a team, you can start registering an enterprise. This includes:

1. Registration as . It is best to register as an LLC, as this will allow you to work for legal entities and government agencies. Registration will cost from 10,000 to 25,000 rubles.
2. Building permit. You can get it by contacting local authorities. It is issued with the participation of the head of the municipality and the chief architect of the city or district.
3. Joining the SRO - a self-regulatory organization.