Preventive sanitary supervision over the design and construction of food enterprises. Preventive sanitary supervision

Methodical manual for students of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine, teachers of medical universities, sanitary doctors

Under the general editorship of the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation,

prof. Yu.R. Tedder

Arkhangelsk, 2003

UDC 614. 31 (072)

O.A. Antsiferova, Yu.R. Tedder. Warning sanitary supervision for design and construction food enterprises / Methodological manual for students of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine, teachers of medical universities, sanitary doctors / Under the general editorship of the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, prof. Yu.R. Tedder. - Arkhangelsk: SSMU, 2003.- p.

Reviewer: Head. Department of Food Hygiene of the Central State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service in the Arkhangelsk Region P.P. Gordienko

Topic: preventive sanitary supervision of the design and construction of food enterprises

PURPOSE OF THE LESSON: to be able to state the purpose, tasks of preventive sanitary supervision over the design and construction of food enterprises, to learn how to conduct a hygienic examination of food enterprises projects.

Purpose, main tasks of preventive sanitary supervision over the design and construction of food facilities.

Preventive sanitary supervision at the stage of selection and allotment of a land plot.

Preventive sanitary supervision at the design stage. Types of projects. Components and elements of the project.

Preventive sanitary supervision at the construction stage

Preventive sanitary supervision at the stage of acceptance and commissioning of a food enterprise.

Purpose, main tasks of preventive sanitary supervision over the design and construction of food facilities.

The State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service carries out preventive sanitary supervision of food industry, public catering and trade enterprises.

Preventive sanitary supervision of food enterprises- this is the activity of a sanitary doctor, which consists in preventing, detecting and suppressing violations of sanitary and hygienic and sanitary and anti-epidemic norms and rules at the stages:

1. Selection and allotment of a land plot for construction.

2. Enterprise design.

3. Construction or reconstruction of the enterprise.

4. Putting the enterprise into operation.

Target preventive sanitary supervision of food industry enterprises: protection of public health and the environment.

Main tasks:

long-term planning for the development of the food industry;

providing the population with standard foodstuffs;

providing the population with good-quality food;

prevention of occupational diseases among workers;

sanitary protection of the environment;

When exercising preventive sanitary supervision of food enterprises, the food hygienist is guided by the current regulations and regulatory documents that determine the rights, obligations and content of the work of the sanitary and epidemiological service bodies in this section of work; normative documents on building design; standard projects that comply with sanitary norms and rules; sanitary standards and rules for the arrangement and equipment of food facilities; resolutions.

Methodical manual for students of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine, teachers of medical universities, sanitary doctors

Under the general editorship of the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation,

prof. Yu.R. Tedder

Arkhangelsk, 2003

UDC 614. 31 (072)

O.A. Antsiferova, Yu.R. Tedder. Preventive sanitary supervision for the design and construction of food enterprises/ Methodological manual for students of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine, teachers of medical universities, sanitary doctors / Under the general editorship of the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, prof. Yu.R. Tedder. - Arkhangelsk: SSMU, 2003.- p.

Reviewer: Head. Department of Food Hygiene of the Central State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service in the Arkhangelsk Region P.P. Gordienko

Topic: preventive sanitary supervision of the design and construction of food enterprises

PURPOSE OF THE LESSON: to be able to state the purpose, tasks of preventive sanitary supervision over the design and construction of food enterprises, to learn how to conduct a hygienic examination of food enterprises projects.

Purpose, main tasks of preventive sanitary supervision over the design and construction of food facilities.

Preventive sanitary supervision at the stage of selection and allotment of a land plot.

Preventive sanitary supervision at the design stage. Types of projects. Components and elements of the project.

Preventive sanitary supervision at the construction stage

Preventive sanitary supervision at the stage of acceptance and commissioning of a food enterprise.

Purpose, main tasks of preventive sanitary supervision over the design and construction of food facilities.

The State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service carries out preventive sanitary supervision of food industry, public catering and trade enterprises.

Preventive sanitary supervision of food enterprises- this is the activity of a sanitary doctor, which consists in preventing, detecting and suppressing violations of sanitary and hygienic and sanitary and anti-epidemic norms and rules at the stages:

1. Selection and allotment of a land plot for construction.

2. Enterprise design.

3. Construction or reconstruction of the enterprise.

4. Putting the enterprise into operation.

Target preventive sanitary supervision of food industry enterprises: protection of public health and the environment.

Main tasks:

long-term planning for the development of the food industry;

providing the population with standard foodstuffs;

providing the population with good-quality food;

prevention of occupational diseases among workers;

sanitary protection of the environment;

When exercising preventive sanitary supervision of food enterprises, the food hygienist is guided by the current regulations and regulatory documents that determine the rights, obligations and content of the work of the sanitary and epidemiological service bodies in this section of work; normative documents on building design; standard projects that comply with sanitary norms and rules; sanitary norms and rules for the arrangement and equipment of food facilities; resolutions.

The main role in ensuring rational domestic and drinking water supply belongs to preventive sanitary supervision.

Preventive sanitary supervision in the process of organizing centralized domestic drinking water supply provides for:

1) the participation of a hygienist in the choice of a source of water supply, the location of a water intake and head water supply facilities, as well as in establishing the boundaries of the WSS;

2) consideration of projects for the expansion and reconstruction of existing and construction of new water pipelines, including projects for the ZSO;

3) sanitary supervision during the construction of water pipelines;

4) participation in the commissioning of water pipelines and individual water supply facilities.

Preventive sanitary supervision begins at the stage of choosing a source of water supply. In this important work, which is carried out by a commission of specialists (hydrogeologists, hydrobiologists, hydrologists, specialists in the field of construction and water treatment technology, economists), the sanitary doctor is given special powers in accordance with the "Regulations on State Sanitary Supervision". The final conclusion on the suitability of a water supply source for household and drinking purposes is given by the sanitary and epidemiological service.

At the stage of choosing a source of domestic and drinking water supply, the sanitary doctor takes part in the collection of retrospective data on the sanitary condition water bodies and surrounding area in the area of ​​the future construction of a water supply system, determines the places and timing of water sampling. The right to conduct water analyzes during the selection of a source, in accordance with GOST 2761-84 "Sources of centralized domestic drinking water supply. Hygienic, technical requirements and selection rules", is also assigned to SES laboratories.

In the process of designing a water supply system, the sanitary and epidemiological service must provide the designing organization with information on the sanitary condition of the territory of future WSS of a water source and water supply system, taking into account development prospects National economy, housing construction and improvement. Great importance has expertise in projects for the construction of new and reconstruction of existing water pipelines.

Household and drinking water pipelines are built according to individual projects using standard solutions individual structures and units. During the consideration of the project of domestic and drinking water supply, it is necessary to assess the fundamental issues: is the capacity of the water supply system sufficient for uninterrupted supply of the population necessary quantity water, whether the flow rate of the water supply source corresponds, whether the water treatment scheme is properly designed based on the quality of the water source, whether the boundaries of the WSS are correctly marked and whether the planned measures to improve its territory are sufficient. All these issues should be considered taking into account the prospects for national economic development. locality or the area in which the water supply is being designed.

A sanitary doctor can give a correct assessment of the project only on the basis of his own materials about water resources given area, water quality, sanitary and epidemic state of the territory of the region, existing sources of pollution. This information is collected in the SES in the process of current sanitary supervision. Comments on the draft must be supported by references to the documents of the current health legislation(State standards, sanitary rules, SNiPs, government regulations).

The work of a hygienist at the stage of examination of a water supply project for a settlement consists of several stages:

1. Familiarization with the passport data of the project, namely the name of the project, the customer organization, the developer organization, the authors of the project, etc.

2. Verification of the completeness of the submitted materials, namely the presence of:

• an explanatory note with a description of the settlement and the prospects for its development, calculations of the total water consumption of the settlement, justification for the need to build or reconstruct a water supply system, the choice the best option water supply and water treatment schemes, with calculations treatment facilities, their comprehensive characteristics, characteristics of conduits and water supply network;
• graphic materials (situational plan of the area, master plan settlement, plan of the site of head waterworks, plan and profiles of water conduits and water supply network);
• Draft ZSO with a text part and graphic materials;
• applications.

3. Familiarization with official normative documents on the basis of which the examination of the project will be carried out.

4. Sanitary examination provided materials.

At this stage, the hygienist checks the calculations of the water consumption of the settlement, gives a hygienic assessment of the correctness of the choice of the source of water supply and the place of water intake, makes a conclusion on the correctness of the choice of the technological scheme of water treatment and the location of the site of the main water supply facilities, on the correctness of the calculation and arrangement of individual water supply and water supply facilities. networks. Gives a hygienic assessment of the ZSO project (the correctness of the substantiation of the boundaries of individual belts and the sufficiency of the envisaged measures).

5. Drawing up an expert opinion on the possibility and conditions for the implementation of the considered project. This completes the work of the hygienist on the project. The project may or may not be approved. In case of incorrect (erroneous) solution of fundamental issues in the project, it is rejected and sent for revision, indicating a specific reason.

Sanitary supervision during the construction of water pipelines. During the construction of a water pipeline, they supervise the implementation of design decisions, the integrated construction of treatment facilities and networks, and compliance with construction deadlines. Representatives of the state sanitary supervision must be present during the preparation of the act of acceptance of hidden works. In the future, the hygienist must conduct a quarterly sanitary inspection of the construction of the water supply system and draw up the results in an act.

Participation in the commissioning of water pipelines and individual waterworks. The last stage of preventive sanitary supervision is the participation of a sanitary doctor in the work of the working and state commissions for the commissioning of water pipes. The facilities must be in working order. The working commission checks the compliance of construction and installation works project documentation, gives a conclusion on the results of the trial operation of the equipment and hydraulic tests, decides on the possibility of presenting the object for acceptance by the state commission. The State Commission gets acquainted with the approved water supply project, expert opinion according to the SES project, checks the acts of hidden works, the act of acceptance of the working commission, determines the compliance of the constructed facility with the approved project and its readiness for operation. In addition to the water supply facilities, it is necessary to assess the correctness of the implementation of the measures provided for by the project for the organization and improvement of the WSS of the water supply source. After that, in the absence of comments, an act of acceptance of the object into operation is drawn up. If even minor flaws are revealed, the sanitary doctor does not have the right to sign the state acceptance certificate.