Do-it-yourself installation of flexible tiles: step-by-step instructions for the work. Do-it-yourself flexible tile installation technology, video How to properly lay flexible tiles

The service life of a house largely depends on the strength and reliability of the roof, and this is achieved by using high-quality roofing materials. One of these materials is shingles, and today I will tell you how to install shingles with your own hands, in accordance with the technology and introduce you to some of the nuances of this process.

Preparatory stage: calculation of materials

• The calculation of flexible tiles is based on the surface area of ​​the roof, plus a margin of 10%, since in the process of work, material waste ranges from 3 to 7%.
• Mastic is purchased based on the use of:
  • valleys - 200g / m;
  • ends - 100g / m;
  • junction points - 750g / m.
• Galvanized roofing nails - 80 grams per 1 sq. m. (9 mm cap, length 3 cm, 3 mm rod diameter).

For the device of a roof from a bituminous tile you will also need:

• Steam and waterproofing membranes;
• thermal insulation material mineral wool, extruded polystyrene foam or other type of insulation);
• Double-sided tape;
• material for arranging a base for bituminous tiles (chipboard, OSB-3, FSF, board);
• wooden bars for the counter-lattice.
• lining carpet.

Material consumption is calculated based on the roof area, plus a 10% margin.

Important! The rafter system must be strong, since the weight of the cake soft roof gets big enough.

Having prepared everything you need, you can proceed to the stage of laying the foundation and actually installing the roof from shingles.

Foundation preparation

The technology of installation of flexible bituminous tiles provides for several stages, the implementation of which is carried out in a certain sequence.

Important! Before starting work, all wooden elements structures must be treated with an antiseptic to prevent damage, damage by fungus or mold, as well as insects.

After the base flexible tiles is ready, you can proceed to laying the lining carpet under the shingles.

The nuances of working with lining carpet

At this step, it is important to take into account the angle of inclination of the roof - the installation technique and the required amount of underlayment will depend on this:

• With a slope of the roof slopes of 12–18 degrees, the lining carpet is mounted in a continuous sheet.
• With a roof slope of more than 18 degrees, only the overhangs of cornices, valleys, and slope junctions can be sheathed with lining material, however, it is still recommended to make a solid carpet over the entire roof.

First, the valleys are covered, then the strips of material are laid in two ways:

• horizontally, starting from the bottom and rising to the roof ridge - blocking the lower strip, the upper one prevents moisture from leaking;
• vertically - the carpet is rolled from top to bottom. Fastening is done with nails on the ridge, then the material is stretched and fastened in the overhang area.

The overlap of the hydro-barrier strips should be 15 cm to the sides and 10 cm in length. The joints are additionally smeared with bituminous mastic (if there is no special adhesive layer on the roll), and also fixed with nails in increments of 25 cm.

Important! Mastic must be applied thin layer, no more than 1 mm. If it is necessary to dilute the bituminous mastic, one should not overdo it with the solvent - neglecting this requirement threatens that the bituminous coating may swell.

Installation of cornice strips

Laying of eaves and end strips is carried out to prevent deformation of the material under the influence of temperature changes and protection wooden structures from adverse environmental factors.

Metal cornice strips are installed with an overlap of 5 cm, and fastened with nails or screws in a checkerboard pattern in increments of 10–15 cm. The joints are fixed with two screws or nails.

From the side of the ends, the fastening of the strips is carried out in a similar way.

Since the shingle has not big sizes, rows of shingles may be laid unevenly during installation. To exclude this possibility, preliminary marking is carried out on the surface of the roof.

• along the edges of the roof from top to bottom, with the help of a level, two vertical lines are drawn with chalk or a marker;
• then, perpendicular to them, longitudinal straight lines are drawn in increments of 25 cm.

Arrangement of the valley

When the lining carpet is ready and the end strips are installed, the valleys are covered with a special valley carpet, which is selected in accordance with the color of the tiles. The carpet is fixed using bituminous mastic, which is distributed along the perimeter of the canvas. The width of the mastic layer is 10-15 cm. Additionally, the valley carpet is fixed with roofing nails in increments of 15 cm. This process is described in detail in the video below:

Finishing the valley should start from the slope, which has the most gentle angle, or from the slope with a shorter length. On the carpet, parallel to the axis of the valley, it is necessary to draw or beat off two lines:

• the first at a distance of 5-7 cm - this will be the so-called gutter line, along which the shingles will be cut;
• The second at a distance of 30 cm from the axis - the last nail will be hammered along this line, that is, it is impossible to mechanically fasten the tile closer than 30 cm to the axis of the valley.

The tile shingles that reach the first line are cut off, and their upper edges are cut at an angle of 45 degrees. Mastic is applied to the tiles and the valley, after which they are pressed against each other. The second line is fastened with nails.

For roof pitches less than 45 degrees, one shingle is nailed with five nails. With a slope angle of more than 45 degrees, fastening is carried out with at least 8 nails.

Technology of laying cornice and ordinary tiles

According to the technology of laying flexible tiles, it is necessary to start the installation process from the bottom of the slope (with an indent from it of 2-3 cm). The first row can be laid in two ways:

• using a special eaves tiles;
• in the absence of such, petals are cut from ordinary shingles, and the resulting strips are used as cornice elements.

The strip is fastened with nails (the indent from the edge must be at least 25 mm, as in the photo above), or, if the installation is carried out in cold weather, the shingles are heated building hair dryer and glued to the cornice strip.

Arrangement of junctions to pipes

For connecting soft roofs to brick pipe there are several ways. The first is to install a metal apron that matches the material and color of the shingles. On sale there are special kits that include everything you need for installation.

The second is to use pieces of the valley carpet, from which the lower, side and upper elements of the junction with the pipe are cut.

Previously, a plinth or a triangular bar is laid in the base of the pipe, on top of which a lining carpet is laid. The pipe itself is plastered and treated with a bituminous primer.

The junction device takes place parallel to the installation of an ordinary flexible tile:

• The shingle adjacent to the bottom of the pipe is cut along a triangular rail and attached to the base;
• Next, the lower element of the junction, cut out of the valley carpet, is mounted first, then the side and upper elements. They are smeared with mastic and glued to the pipe (to a height of at least 30 cm) and the lining carpet (with an overlap of at least 20 cm);
• a strobe is cut out in the brick, into which a metal junction bar (apron) is inserted. Its fastening to the pipe is carried out mechanically, using nails, dowels or screws, and the joint is glued with polyurethane sealant;
• the remaining ordinary flexible tile shingles are laid over the adjoining element, glued to it with mastic, and additionally fastened with nails.

This whole process is illustrated in detail in the video:

If it is necessary to install ventilation or aerators, seal round holes in accordance with the illustration below:

Laying ridge elements

The device of the roof ridge made of flexible tiles is carried out using ridge elements. The sequence of actions is as follows:

If additional ventilation is required, a plastic ridge aerator can be installed on the ridge. It is attached to the roof with long nails, and is covered with tile tiles from above.

In conclusion, I suggest you watch a video where absolutely all the steps for the technology of installing flexible tiles are considered in detail:

It is now possible to implement any architectural idea and make the roof of a residential building reliable and beautiful with the help of flexible tiles. Particularly popular among all types of such material is Shinglas bitumen tiles, which have a fairly reasonable price, which significantly influenced its popularity. Consider how the Shinglas soft roof is installed, the instructions for working with which are given below.

Before we talk about how to work with flexible tiles, you need to familiarize yourself with it a little. Certain knowledge about it will help to decide whether it is worth acquiring such material for use in building a house and whether it will be possible to work with it on your own.

The Shinglas tile was developed by the specialists of the TechnoNIKOL company and since 2001 it has been produced at an enterprise built in Lithuania, and since 2005 at a plant in Ryazan on the territory of Russia. This roofing material was developed taking into account all the climatic features of the Russian Federation, and therefore is considered one of the best for creating roofs in private construction.

Shinglas - shingles

Flexible tile Shinglas consists of several layers and has a base made of fiberglass. Due to this, it acquires not only high strength and density, but also does not lose elasticity. On both sides, the fiberglass is covered with a bitumen composition - which is why soft tiles are also called bituminous. And the thickness of these layers affects the resistance of tiles to water, precipitation and other environmental factors.

The bituminous layers, in turn, are covered by the lower and upper layers of the tiles. bottom has protective covering, made on the basis of polymers - due to it, the tile acquires durability and resistance to various factors. The layer plays a special role when the mounting technology is violated. The top layer, due to the coating with basalt chips, is not at all afraid of external influences and gives the tile a beautiful look. appearance.

The lowest layer of soft tiles is an adhesive mass resistant to low temperatures, based on polymeric substances. Due to it, the roof will be securely held on the base.

On a note! To individual parts the roofs were not glued together during transportation, there is a special protective film of silicone on the adhesive strip. If necessary, it is easily removed.

A few words should be added about the basalt topping of tiles. Basalt is perhaps one of the most durable types rocks which is not afraid of either wind or water. The dressing is represented by three fractions, and desired color it is given by paint applied using a special coloring technology - high-temperature firing. The paint adheres so well to the surface of the basalt that the roof long years retains its original appearance.

Advantages of shingles Shinglas:

• high tightness rate - 100%;
• light weight, which will allow you to abandon the strengthening of the roof rafters;
• the material does not rot and does not rust;
• high flexibility, allowing the material to be laid on roofs of any configuration;
• resistance to chemicals;
• economy and practicality - the ability to easily store and transport, and the amount of waste from the material is minimal;
• frost resistance and moisture resistance;
• the tile is not afraid of influence of winds.

Material characteristics

Shinglas soft roof is available in various color variations - there are 22 in total. In this case, the material can have a different number of layers. The most popular types of Shinglas-roofs are the materials of the Jazz, Country, Ranch and Continent series. At the same time, the "Rancho" tile is two-layer, and the "Continent" has three layers.

Flexible tile Shinglas (Shinglas "Classic")

On a note! The main difference between all types of tiles from different series is the color of the upper decorative layer and the mass of the bitumen layer.

Table. Properties various kinds tile Shinglas and accessories.

Indicator	Ultra	Jazz	classic	Valley carpet	Lining carpet	Ridge-cornice tiles
Base material	fiberglass	fiberglass	fiberglass	Polyester	Polyester	fiberglass
Waterproof	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
Pack weight	28.5 kg	30 kg	26.1 and 33 kg	46 kg	40 kg	24.5 kg
Weight 1 sq.m. finished coating	9.5 kg	13,5	9,4	4.6 kg	9.5 kg	4.9 kg

Series "Finnish tiles"

Naturally, the more layers a material has, the more expensive it is. The main advantages of a two-layer type of soft roof are as follows:

• it has a long service life, and the warranty period for it is 3 times longer than for a conventional single-layer;
• the strength of such a material is higher, which means that it is much more reliable in operation;
• the installation of such a tile is easier than a single-layer one, since the layers are glued together here at the factory and they do not have to be combined with each other during construction;
• Outwardly, such a tile looks more beautiful than the usual one. The texture and texture are clearly visible on it. Due to this, the material allows you to hide some of the shortcomings of the roof.

On a note! Two-layer tiles are also used to cover the roof complex shape, which has towers and other decorative elements.

What is required for installation

What materials, besides the tile itself, may be needed for the installation of the Shinglas roof? This is a lining layer manufactured by TechnoNIKOL, also called a lining carpet. It is a roll of polymer-bitumen material made on the basis of polyester. Base thickness - no more than 2 mm. The material is highly durable and is useful for waterproofing.

You will also need to purchase a rug, which is also sold in rolls and is made on the basis of polyester. However, unlike the lining layer, the material is additionally covered with basalt granulate.

To decorate the roof beautifully, gable and eaves overhangs, as well as adjoining strips, are useful, which are made of metal coated with a special composition. Roof elements are fastened using galvanized nails about 30-45 mm long with a diameter of at least 3 mm and a head size of at least 9 mm. You will also need to purchase polymer-bitumen mastic, as well as ventilation elements made of plastic.

Consumption of materials

Before starting work, it is important to make sure that the purchased material is enough to decorate the roof of a particular house. The consumption of soft tiles Shinglas depends on which series the material will be used. For example, the packaging of Shinglas of the Jazz series contains 2 m 2 of roofing inside it, taking into account overlaps. And the tiles "Continent" or "Western" - 1.2 m 2. Material of the Country series - 2.6 m 2. Other types of shingles Shinglas contain in packages of 3 m 2 of material, taking into account overlaps when laying tiles.

During the calculation required amount tile elements, it is important to remember the coefficient that corresponds to the level of complexity of the roof itself - the amount of material waste will depend on this. The amount of waste can vary from 5 to 15%. As for the fixing material, it will take about 80 g of nails to punch 1 m 2 of the coating. Mastic will need about 100 g per 1 running meter lining carpet, and for a valley carpet - about 400 g for the same area. Mastic is also used to seal the joints of materials - in this case, its consumption is about 750 g per linear meter.

Attention! The mastic should not be applied too thickly (with a layer of more than 1 mm) or diluted with various chemical compounds. Otherwise, unpleasant blisters will appear on the roof.

Before starting work on the installation of a soft roof, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the general tips and recommendations:

• when laying the material, it is contraindicated to use elements from different series and different color. The release date of all roofing elements must also be the same;

• a slight difference in the shades of the tiles is allowed. In order for the tonal imbalance to be hardly noticeable, you should print several packages of tiles and mix all the elements together;
• packages with roof elements must be kept warm. If the installation is carried out at a temperature of less than +5 degrees, then new elements for laying should be supplied from a heated room no more than 5-6 packs;
• in cold weather, the adhesive strip is heated with a heat gun before gluing;
• you can cut tiles with a knife, placing a plank under it;
• the material before it is laid should not be exposed to the rays of the sun so that the individual parts do not stick together;
• it is impossible to move on the tiles in shoes in hot weather, otherwise traces will remain on the material.

On a note!

Foundation preparation

Shinglas tiles should only be laid on a properly prepared base. And all the materials that were used to create the roof must comply with SNiP. The step between the rafters will depend on the loads that the roof will experience. It can vary from 60 cm to 1.5 m. The thickness of the wood flooring will depend on what step between the rafters was maintained.

SP 17.13330.2011. Roofs. Updated version of SNiP II-26-76. Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

Table. The dependence of the thickness of the flooring on the step between the rafters.

Step between rafters, cm	Thickness of wooden board, mm	Thickness of plywood or OSB sheets, mm
30	-	9
60	20	12
90	23	18
120	30	21
150	27	37

If an edged board is used to create the crate, then the gap between separate elements should be 1-5 mm. Also, using the board, it is important to ensure that the annual rings, which are clearly visible on its end part, “look” with the rounded part up.

Flooring made from sheet material, should have a run-up between the seams of individual shields. Fasteners are made with self-tapping screws. If the base is assembled in the winter season, then the space between the sheets should not be less than 3 mm - in the summer the tree will begin to expand and if the gaps are not wide enough, the roof will begin to deform.

For domestic developers in recent decades, shingles have become the most attractive roofing material. It competes with varying success only with metal ones, piece ones are far behind. roof coverings, including slates.

The more knowledge about the material, the easier it is to understand certain requirements for laying technology. This will avoid many annoying mistakes during the installation of the roof and significantly improve the quality and durability of the coating.

What is a bituminous tile made of?

Layer name	Technical and operational parameters
Base	All top layers are applied to the base, it is made of durable fiberglass. It is not afraid of moisture, it can stretch a little and at the same time not lose its original mechanical strength. The plasticity of fiberglass allows you to compensate for minor changes linear dimensions roofs. No need to be afraid of deflections of the truss system or battens, fluctuations between slopes and chimneys. But that doesn't mean that rafter system can be unstable, meaning only cases of critical loads during various natural disasters.
Bitumen	Natural natural bitumen in modern coatings not used due to very low performance. It hardens over time, loses elasticity, and through cracks appear in it. Another problem with simple bitumen is that it reacts very negatively to ultraviolet radiation. To improve physical performance, scientists have developed special additives, the material has become much more resistant to various natural and climatic factors. Not afraid of UV rays, does not harden when negative temperatures etc. But shingles still can not be mounted at low temperatures.
Powder	Shale or basalt is used as a powder, to increase the surface area of ​​individual particles, basalt rocks are crushed to granulate and become rounded. Such forms adhere very tightly to the bitumen and crumble more slowly. The granulate performs two functions. The first purely technical one is the protection of modified bitumen from sunlight and mechanical damage. The second is to improve the external designer look.

In the building materials market, there a large number of domestic and foreign companies engaged in the production of flexible tiles. There are many types of coatings that differ not only in their design appearance, but also in their device: the technical characteristics of the base, the features of the modified bitumen, the shape of the shingles, external protective and decorative coatings. Accordingly, the installation technology is slightly different, but for all types of shingles there are several general and mandatory rules.

Base

Soft roofs are installed only on a continuous crate.

It can be made from OSB boards, plywood or thin edged boards. The last option is the most expensive and the most problematic in terms of technology, it is not recommended to use. As for plywood and OSB, they fully meet all the requirements, and the thickness is regulated by the lathing step.

Due to this approach, it is possible to influence the cost of the structure. For example, laying cheap thin slabs on cheap edged boards rather than expensive thick ones on expensive slats. One more nuance should be kept in mind. Many builders require to buy only waterproof types of plywood or OSB for continuous sheathing for soft tiles., although such materials are much more expensive than conventional ones. Why not listen to their advice? Firstly, the crate should only withstand the load on the roof, and not protect it from leaks. Secondly, leaks must be immediately eliminated, no plates can eliminate them. The sooner the roof is repaired, the longer the building will be used. The durability and tightness of the roof in no way depends on the moisture resistance of the continuous crate.

Climatic conditions for installation

Most manufacturers claim that their soft tiles can be installed at an air temperature of +5°C. Gotta know what it is minimum temperature, at which the adhesion indicators of bituminous mastics are at a minimum acceptable level, but it does not guarantee the reliability of fixation. In addition, the daytime temperature of +5°С with a high probability indicates that it fell below zero at night. In such conditions, frost appears on the surface of plywood or OSB, and on a cool day, the moisture does not have time to completely dry. There will be big problems during the sealing of junctions to the roof of chimneys, ventilation pipes and other engineering communications located on the roof. Do not risk the quality of the coating, work only in dry and warm weather.

Additional materials

The quality of soft tile shingles affects the appearance and reliability of the pavement on flat slope areas. But leaks most often occur not on even slopes, but in junctions, valleys, etc. These places are sealed with special additional elements and materials, only high-quality products should be used. It is very important that all elements and the main coatings are from the same manufacturer. In difficult places, it is better to be safe than to rely on luck and try to simplify the technology recommended by the manufacturer.

Instruments

The main rule for all professionals is that the tools must be in good condition and in complete set. To install soft tiles you will need a drill, spatula, paint brush, scissors for metal, measuring tools and a chopping rope. It is advisable to have a special belt, it is much more convenient to work with it, everything necessary tools always at hand. Experienced builders know how much work time can be saved if everything needed for installation is within reach and in place. If the laying technology provides for hot gluing, then you need to have a hair dryer for heating.

Coating storage rules

Already before installation, it is opened, the shingles from different packs are mixed. The fact is that the production technology does not allow making external coatings completely identical in shades, if they are not evenly mixed, then large multi-colored spots will be noticeable on the roof, which significantly worsens the appearance of the building.

Bedding mats are stored in an upright position.

Crate preparation

In our case, a solid crate made of OSB board with a thickness of only 9 mm, in order to increase the bearing capacity, it was necessary to reduce the pitch of the crate. If in the future it is planned to insulate the roof from the inside, then it is imperative to install wind protection and provide ventilation for natural ventilation. Prepare materials and tools, mix tile shingles from different packs.

Important. Never work on a roof without insurance. Especially if the crate is solid, there are no rails on it that can delay the fall. In the absence of special professional equipment, ordinary ropes and belts can be used. We must remember that all safety regulations are written in someone's blood.

Plates need to arrive randomly, this increases the stability of the truss system. For fixing, you can use ordinary nails (fast, durable and cheap) or self-tapping screws (long, expensive, but fashionable).

It is not necessary to fix the plates with stainless steel hardware, they are not affected by precipitation. The length of the nails must be at least 2/3 greater than the thickness of the fastened materials.

But this statement is highly controversial. First, a slab firmly nailed large quantity nails, and so will not be able to expand freely, for this she must pull out the hardware. Secondly, it is protected by lining and flexible tiles, which almost completely eliminates direct contact with water. Thirdly, if any leakage appears, then it has a local character and cannot wet the entire slab. Conclusion - there is no need to specifically withstand any gaps. They are - excellent, no - not a problem. If for technological reasons in some parts of the plate you need to press it tightly - press it. If you need to push it a little to the sides - let the gaps remain.

Inexperienced builders do not know how to connect in practice the dependence of the thickness of the slab and the pitch of the crate. Make it simple. Put on rafter legs two slats at a distance of about 50 cm, on top of the OSB plate. With maximum effort, press it with your hand, if the surface sags, then reduce the step of the crate, if not, then you can increase it. There is no need to do long and complex calculations parameters are determined in just a few minutes.

Laying valleys and bedding

With these operations, the laying of soft tiles begins. Not big difference in the technology of installation of coatings of various manufacturers and price categories. If you fully deal with one type of roof, then you can work with others without problems. All work should begin with checking the slopes. You need to find out their length and width, measure the diagonals. The optimal case - the roof has an ideal rectangular shape. If there are problems, then they need to be corrected partly at the stage of manufacturing the crate, and partly during the direct coating. The ratio should be chosen so that after corrections the roof has a symmetrical appearance.

Object before laying shingles and installing OSB-3 boards

Step 1. Work begins with valleys (junctions of two slopes). Lay a lining carpet in them, it is sold in a set with a roof. The color of the front surface matches the color of the tiles.

The width of the carpet is at least one meter, on both sides there should be approximately 50 cm of protection. Carefully align the material, do not allow the appearance of wrinkles. Cut off excess pieces. After the fitting is completed, the edges should be smeared with bituminous mastic and the carpet should be finally glued. Mastic must be of high quality, the width of the smeared strip is at least ten centimeters. The thickness of the mastic layer is approximately 1 mm, cover the entire surface with the material without gaps, use a stainless steel spatula of the appropriate width.

The valley carpet is glued in parts after fitting and checking the position. Pay attention that during pressing it does not move. You can press it with your hands or with a hard rubber roller. For a guarantee, nail it with carnations with wide caps. But it is not necessary to do this, the valley carpet is covered from above with bedding, and then with shingles of soft tiles. Drive carnations in increments of 20-25 cm at a distance of three centimeters from the edge.

Step 2 Spread the underlayment carpet along the main slope from the bottom up. Pay attention to the white stripes, they should be at the top. In the future, the protective paper from these strips is removed and the next coating strip is glued. The tape should be as even as possible, start fixing only after checking the position along the entire length.

Practical advice. If the roof slope is very large, then it is possible to make an intermediate fixation of the coating every 2.5–3.0 m, but the carnations do not need to be hammered in to the end. They can be completely hammered only after the roll has been rolled out to the edge of the slope, and all folds have been removed.

Carefully cut off the excess along the edge of the slope. Fasten the underlying carpet with nails, drive them in in the usual way along the white strip, in the future this place will close.

Step 3 When the first strip is fixed, you can start laying the second. Be careful that both white paper protective tapes are placed against each other, constantly check the position of the material. Everything is normal - remove the protective paper from both strips and stick the coating. If the length of the roll is not enough, then the docking point must be made with an overlap of about 10 cm and be sure to coat it with bituminous mastic.

In the same way, continue to cover the entire crate of the slope. A gap must be placed on the ridge to ventilate the space above the insulation. Be sure to glue the bedding carpet to the valley carpet, we have already mentioned that these places are the most dangerous, leaks most often appear here.

Fastening of eaves and end metal strips

These are not only decorative elements, they perform an important technical task - they protect the crate from moisture and prevent undermining of the litter by sharp gusts of side wind.

Step 1. Reinstall the first cornice strip, making sure that it is in line with the bottom edge of the slope sheathing. Fix it with carnations in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of about 20–25 cm. In these places, it is advisable to use galvanized hardware, although ordinary ones will last for decades. Slide the next bar under the previous one so that it lies in place, cut the corner with scissors for metal.

Step 2 Nail the end (wind) metal strips, the fixing method is the same as described above. The place of joining is fixed with a separate nail. Pay attention that there is no gap in the corner of the junction of the eaves and wind strips. Make a small release, and carefully cut off the sharp corner with scissors.

Such work should be done around the entire perimeter of the roof. When all the strips are in place, you can begin the installation of shingles.

Practical advice. To facilitate the work, it is recommended to make a simple rope ladder. The leg is inserted into the loops, and the hands hold onto the knots. Such an elementary device not only increases the safety of the work, but also makes it easier for the roofer to climb a steep slope.

Laying soft tiles

You need to start work with the exact marking of the position of the first row; for this purpose, a line is beaten off on the lining. How exactly? Measure the width of the soft tiles from the edge and add 10 mm to this value, this is how much the first row should deviate from the bend of the cornice strip. Such marks should be on both sides of the slope. Then, with the help of a chopping construction cord, you need to beat off the line. The markup made will speed up the work, there will be no need to take measurements every time. In addition, with its help, it will be possible to make the first row perfectly even, namely, it is first of all striking.

Step 1. Carefully inspect the back of the tile, there are two films. One says that it cannot be removed before installation, and the other way around. Remove the wide tape, it will reveal a layer of adhesive bitumen.

Step 2 Lay the first shingle so that its top edge lies exactly on the beaten line. Align the edges, they should be located at a distance of 10 mm from the wind and cornice strips. Press the adhesive firmly against the metal. Next, continue to work according to the same algorithm, the shingles of the cornice tiles should be even at the joints, no overlaps are made.

Step 3 Start gluing the usual flexible tiles. Before installation, the protective plastic film must also be removed.

Important. Ordinary tiles are 10 mm narrower than eaves. For proper styling you need to align the upper ends of the materials along one line, at the bottom there will be a difference in length of one centimeter.

Make sure that the ends are perfectly parallel to the metal strips. Press the shingles firmly with your hands. We have already mentioned that the warmer it is outside, the better the coating adheres, the more reliable the fixation.

At a distance of 1 cm under each adhesive strip, drive in carnations with wide caps. There is one feature - at the top of the shingle, only one nail is driven in at the corners. Thus fix the entire first row of shingles.

Step 4 After finishing the installation of the first row of ordinary shingles, you can proceed to the second. The technology requires that the second row be glued with a shift, due to this, the joints of the shingles of the first are covered and sealed, and the heads of the driven nails are closed at the same time. Manufacturers have provided for such an offset, you do not need to measure anything. Step back the width of the adhesive strips and position the next shingle above them, taking into account the dimensions of the cutouts. Further, the installation technology is no different.

Due to the fact that the second row is laid with an offset, the outer shingle will have to be cut. Attach it in place, mark the cutting points. It is better to cut soft tiles on small wooden stands, they are guaranteed to protect the litter from accidental damage. But experienced roofers do this on shingles that have already been installed, turn the shingle upside down and carefully cut it off with a sharp knife. Beginners are not recommended to do this, the risks of damaging the coating are too great.

Step 5 On each fixed row, turn back the sheets of soft tiles in turn and hammer a nail under them. Then smear the back of the petal with mastic and glue it to the bottom shingle. The petals have bitumen under the protective film, but to ensure adhesion strength, experienced builders recommend additionally lubricating the surfaces with mastic. This does not take much time and completely eliminates the undermining of elements by gusts of wind.

How to make a valley and a skate

Find the exact location of the valley, step back 2-3 cm and stick a thin wooden lath. It is needed so that the coating is not damaged during cutting off sections of the flexible roof that protrude beyond the bend. Cut them off with a sharp knife under a metal ruler (you can use building level), it will take a lot of effort, achieve the most even and accurate cut. Move the wooden lath up the valley as needed and continue to cut off the excess soft tiles. After that, it is necessary to completely lay the tiles on the second adjoining slope and again make a cut at the place of the bend. You get a smooth and beautiful junction of two slopes.

A special additional element is mounted on the ridge. It should close the gap from rain and snow and at the same time provide effective ventilation of the under-roof space. We have already mentioned that this is necessary for warm roofs, if they are cold, then ventilation is not done. The panel is bent at the desired angle and placed on the ridge, fixed with anti-corrosion studs or stainless steel. For protection against ultraviolet radiation and improve the design appearance, the surface of the plastic ridge element is covered with flexible tiles, which are nailed. Don't forget to put in place the special foam tapes, they do not allow insects to enter the ventilated space.

Video - Installation of shingles

Private construction and the use of soft roofing is a topic that is quite relevant. This material has many advantages. Among them are light weight, absolute tightness, visual appeal, the possibility of using a wide variety of roof shapes, a long useful life and the low cost of a soft roof. Moreover, the rain does not drum on such a roof, but quietly rustles. In addition to high operational and specifications, the material allows you to carry out the installation of a soft roof on your own, without involving specialists.

The concept of soft roofing

The soft roof is modern material, the base of which are fiberglass sheets impregnated on both sides with rubber bitumen. Rubber bitumen is characterized by high tightness and moisture resistance, which is why soft roofing has spread so much during the construction of buildings. Also, the soft roof in its composition has a special dressing that increases wear resistance and prevents the roll coating from sticking together.

Soft roofing is considered an ideal covering for roofs in which the angle of inclination is at least 11 degrees. Therefore, when choosing a material for such strict requirements, be careful. Soft roofing is often called shingles, which is used as the top layer. roofing cake and differs from other materials in its structure, which resembles rolled materials.

Styling tools

A flexible roof can be laid by 1 person. The only requirement that we have already mentioned is put forward to the roof surface - a slope of no more than 11º. But the maximum slope angle is not limited. Laying a soft roof with your own hands requires the following materials and tools: a hammer, a knife, mastic, sealant, a mastic trowel, roofing nails, cornice and end strips, a waterproofing carpet, a ridge-cornice strip and work gloves.

Ventilation device

The ventilation system is able to provide air circulation, which is necessary to prevent condensation on the bottom of the base. Neglecting this stage when laying a soft roof on the roof will cause the truss system to begin to rot, and in winter ice and icicles will form.

The constituent elements of the roof ventilation system are ventilation products and exits, gaps between the waterproofing and the base (minimum 5 millimeters). Natural ventilation can be provided by ventilation holes that are distributed evenly under the eaves.

Lining layer

Cornice strips are made of metal and mounted on the overhangs of the cornices on the lining. They are required to protect the edges of the crate. Gable strips are also made of metal, they are fixed at the ends of the roof to protect the edge of the crate. The valley carpet provides additional protection of the roof from atmospheric precipitation. Choose it according to the color of the flexible tile.

In places where leaks are most likely, it is necessary to create a lining layer: on valleys, roof ends and eaves. A feature of the installation is the observance of the direction (from bottom to top) and overlap: in the longitudinal direction 150 millimeters, in the transverse direction - 100 millimeters. Places of overlap are usually coated with bituminous mastic.

Valleys and skates, respectively, are reinforced by 500 and 250 millimeters. At the same time, the valleys must be equipped with a lining layer on both sides, and along the ends and cornice overhangs it should be laid to a width of at least 400 millimeters.

The lining is nailed to the base with galvanized roofing nails every 200 millimeters. The lining carpet not only protects the roof from moisture, but also from destruction if the laying of the soft roof is suspended.

Preparatory work

The base to which you will attach the soft roof must be solid. It is in this that the process of constructing a roof made of soft tiles differs from roofs for which other materials are used. For example, a metal tile must be laid on a crate, in which a gap is allowed between the bars, which is explained by the high rigidity of the metal tile. A soft roof does not possess these qualities and therefore needs to be pre-installation solid foundation.

To equip the base, you can use oriented strand board, moisture-resistant plywood with a thickness of 9 millimeters or more, as well as grooved or edged boards. If you have chosen a board as a base, then it is recommended to preliminarily keep it in a pile until an equilibrium moisture level is reached.

Buy material in the winter and use it in the summer. The width of the boards is not more than 100 millimeters. It is desirable that the material has the same thickness and is sawn on a band saw. The maximum wood moisture content is 20%.

A video about the technology of laying a soft roof shows that such materials need to be laid with a shift of the seams - apart, while leaving a gap of 1 centimeter between them. The surface must be dry, clean and smooth. The quality of installation and the service life of a soft roof will depend on these conditions.

The roofing cake must necessarily have the following layers: a waterproofing layer laid on the rafters; mineral wool insulation, if you are planning an attic device; waterproofing roofing carpet, overlapped on the base from the outside.

The subtleties of installing a soft roof

To cover the roof with a soft roof with your own hands, in addition to having free time, you also need good weather. It is customary to carry out work in warm, dry weather, while the air temperature should not fall below plus 5 Celsius. If, due to necessity, it is necessary to lay a soft roof in the winter at the wrong time, the tiles must be kept in the building at room temperature before starting work. You can also use a hot air burner.

The choice of such a temperature regime is explained by the peculiarities of the shingle - a sheet consisting of 3-4 "tiles". It can be attached to the surface with nails or using a self-adhesive layer, which is located on inside. The tightness of the tiles is ensured by the heat of the sun, under its influence, the sheets are soldered to the base and to each other. This does not happen when sub-zero temperatures, and the insulation quality is not obtained.

Soft roof tiles should be used simultaneously from 5-6 packages and selected in turn one element at a time to avoid sharp differences in shades in case it is necessary to repair the soft roof with elements from another package. It is in this property that another advantage of this material lies: a small difference in shades facilitates the process of replacing tiles and decorates its matte surface.

The choice of mastic

For laying the top layer of a soft roof, a bitumen-polymer material should be used, which allows you to make a continuous elastic coating that can withstand thermal and mechanical deformations of the base. According to the technology of laying a soft roof, it is recommended to use cold and hot mastics for attaching rolled material to the roof.

Cold mastics are traditionally used for the inner layers of the roof, and the hot substance is used as an outer coating. Cold mastics include roofing material and bitumen, and hot mastics include tar and roofing felt. The mastic used must contain bitumen and a dust-like mixture or filler made from fiber. Among dusty materials, lime, gypsum and ash stand out.

Production of bituminous mastic

You can buy bituminous mastic, but you can also make your own. To do this, take the bitumen, which is close to 80% of the mastic, and filler. Taking 2 servings of bitumen and diesel fuel for 1 serving of filler, you will get a cold mixture. Bitumen needs to be heated to 180 degrees while diesel fuel and filler are being prepared elsewhere. Both boilers can be mixed only after the water has evaporated in the bitumen.

To make hot mastic, you need to use a boiler. In it, the bitumen should be heated to 200 degrees, while it is necessary to slowly add the filler. It is important that during the procedure the temperature does not fall below 160 degrees.

To check the quality of the mastic, you need to lay it at an angle of 45 degrees, after heating the mastic to 60 degrees. The video on laying a soft roof shows: if the coating drains, then its quality is poor. If it does not drain, then you should let it dry. When drying, cracks will not appear in high-quality material.

Laying a soft roof

Before laying the roof directly, walk with a solution of bitumen and diesel fuel on a wood surface. Then slowly cover with mastic, then lay the glassine and roofing material. It is customary to start installation from the middle part of the cornice and move to the ends to the right and left. On the wrong side of the soft tile, before applying, you need to remove the film that protects the adhesive.

If you use cold mastic, then you need to wait 12 hours after applying the layer, only then you can apply a new layer. When covering with hot mastic, you can apply layers one by one. Each element of the roof must be nailed in the amount of 4-6 pieces.

When laying rolls according to the instructions for laying a soft roof, make a 7-10 cm overlap. In all cases, it is recommended to follow the overlay rule: position each top row so that the fastening joints of the previous one are closed. There is a displacement of the next new layer, depending on their number (with 2 layers - by half, and with 3 - by a third).

Cut off the excess along the edges of the roof and glue it with mastic. Due to the properties of modern soft roofing materials, the useful life of a roof covering is about 30 years. But this does not mean at all that you can forget about preventive measures.

Laying near ventilation pipes

Proper sealing of joints and careful fixing of material require space around antennas and pipes. The installation of a soft roof here is easy, provided that through elements are used. Without such components, the tightness of the coating is violated. Even before the shingles are laid, you need to outline the places where you will install ventilation and pipes.

Then you need to cut holes around which the edges of the lining carpet will be glued with mastic. Spread the upper surface of the carpet along the contours of the elements to be glued and nailed. Lay the tiles on top of the mastic.

It is recommended to treat the joints of the upper part of the passage element and bituminous tiles with a sealant. Having brought the work to the ridge line, you need to use special ridge elements of flexible tiles, which are bent over it, glued to the mastic and nailed.

Soft roof repair

Frequency repair work, which must be carried out with the roof of the house, depends directly on the base on which you installed the tiles, and on the cost of laying a soft roof. Wood lumber, cement and concrete screed- they all react differently to a soft roof, which causes certain damage.

Cleaning up the damaged area

Immediately before starting the repair, determine whether such work is needed at all and to what extent. To do this, evaluate the degree of damage present. If holes have formed in the roll coating, it is recommended to fill them with mastic, observing the sequence of materials used for this.

Repair roll roofing should only be done in a clean area. And this is very problematic, because there is a special dressing on the roofing material. For this reason, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the area where the repair work will be carried out.

The crumb can be removed by using process oil. Anthracene oil is best for cleaning roofing felts, and solar oil is used for roofing material. Clean with an ordinary cloth or brush. With this treatment, you can remove the topping and soften the surface for further repairs.

Repair work

After preparing the damaged area, you can proceed to main job. With small defects, you can use the usual mastic with a patch. But this solution is not suitable if all roofing layers are broken.

If several layers of the roof are damaged at the same time, it is recommended to clean the area from the old layer of mastic and dirt, and then dry it. After that, it is necessary to prepare a mastic mixture with the addition of sawdust or sand. This mixture should putty all existing damage so as to even out the edges. Mastic on all sides of the patch should come out at least 10 centimeters.

With the help of hard brushes and brushes, the mastic can be applied in the most hard-to-reach places. If you are working on small area, then it is advisable to use a simple spatula, which allows you to apply thick mastic and a mass with sawdust. If a “water bubble” occurs in the roof, repairs must be carried out in the same way as in the situation with a conventional hole. The main thing is to determine in time the source where the water comes from.

If cracks appear in the roofing material, it should be cut to the bottom layer. Then clean up excess mastic and debris, after which the area is dried and filled with new mastic. You can do without an incision if the cracks are small. They should be closed with a patch and mastic. If small cracks appear throughout the area of ​​the soft roof, then it must be prepared and covered with heated mastic.

Powder recovery

After repairing the soft roof, it is necessary to renew the removed layer of dressing in place in order to avoid excessive heating of the material and melting of the mastic. To do this, smooth the surface and cover the roof with sand. Excess topping, which does not stick to the roof, will eventually be removed by itself. However, if you want, you can remove it yourself.

Now you have learned what advantages a soft roof has - tightness, long service life and a reasonable price for laying a soft roof. Follow our instructions carefully to install the shingles correctly. Use the recommendations on the choice of mastic and its preparation. And if during the operation of the roof there were small problems, re-read the information about the repair of a soft roof.

Reliable, but at the same time inexpensive roofing is, perhaps, every home owner's dream. Bituminous tiles have such characteristics. So that in the end you get a high-quality coating, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the technology of its installation. By doing the installation of flexible tiles with your own hands, you will significantly save costs. High-quality laying is the key to the durability of the coating.

Installation actions consist of several stages. These include the installation of a base under the roof, then the lining layer is laid, cornices, valleys and end parts are installed, and junctions are made. On the final stage installation of a flexible tile on a fad is carried out. All these points will be described in more detail in this article.

The bituminous tile has rather small weight and is available at the price. Due to the lightness of the tiles, you will have the opportunity to make a lightweight version of the foundation. It will turn out not a very massive house, and this, in turn, will allow you to save on building materials and pay for work.

Among the main advantages of this roofing material, it is also worth noting the following:

• High rates of heat resistance, frost resistance and resistance to strong winds.
• High tolerance for sudden changes in temperature.
• Weather resistance.
• The color does not change over time.

Before laying the tile, prepare the basis for it. It is placed on top of the frame, which can be solid or lattice. As a rule, the basis for shingles is made of wood. The lattice frame is best made from a planed coniferous board of 20–25 mm. To make a solid base, moisture-resistant chipboard or plywood, sheet pile and edged boards will fit. They are attached to the rafters with screws / nails.

A few millimeters should be left between the individual elements in the process of laying the crate. This is due to the fact that when drying the wood, it will be necessary to compensate for its expansion. This moment can be missed only if the material has been previously subjected to technical drying.

To increase the life of all wood elements, they must be impregnated with an antiseptic before installation. To perform the installation of the roof as accurately as possible, you must first calculate the installation distance of the rafters and the thickness of the board used for the frame. For example, if the installation interval is 60 cm, then you need to take a board with a thickness of 20 mm. Accordingly, if 90 cm, then the thickness increases by 3 mm, etc.

Ventilation of a soft-tile roof is usually equipped with a ridge. It fits on a ribbed profile. If a bandwidth the ridge is not enough, then it is necessary to install ventilation elements on the roof surface. This is a kind of profile with ribs that are located at a distance of 2 cm from each other. The ventilation elements are nailed to the roof base after fixing the tiles.

Waterproofing is designed to protect the house from leaking tiles. Provided the slope slope is 18º or more, the insulating material should be parallel to the eaves and ends of the roof. Why? The fact is that in these places there is a high risk of leakage. In view of this, it is important to lay the waterproofing at least 40 cm from the edge. In addition, the ridge should be waterproofed. Installation of insulating material should be carried out 25 cm on each side of the ridge.

If the slope of the roof is 12–18º, then another lining layer must be laid over its entire surface. In this case, work must begin from the bottom up. The layers of tiles are overlapped. The waterproofing is fastened with nails, which should have a cap size larger than usual with a galvanized surface. The frequency of nailing is every 20 cm.

Installation of the cornice, end parts and valley

To reinforce the edges of the roof, take metal strips. They are stuffed on top of the lining layer on the eaves and ends. In this case, roofing nails should be used (interval between nails 12 cm). Then the self-adhesive tiles are laid. protective film must be removed before gluing. Then, right next to each other, it is glued along the eaves, and then fixed with nails.

A carpet specially designed for this is laid in the valley. It needs to be fixed on both sides. Then you need to smear it along the edge with bituminous mastic.

To carry out the installation of the top layer of shingles, bitumen-polymer material should be used. With its help, a continuous coating with high elasticity is created. It withstands mechanical and thermal deformations of the roof base. In accordance with the regulations for laying a soft roof, hot and cold mastics should be used.

Cold mastics are used to process the inner layers of the roof. Their hot counterparts are used as an outer coating. Among the cold mastics are bitumen and roofing material, and hot - roofing felt and tar. The composition of the mastic should be a dusty mixture. It can be ash, gypsum or lime.

You can make this material yourself or purchase its ready-made counterpart. To make mastic, you will need bitumen and filler. The percentage of bitumen should be about 80%, and, accordingly, filler - 20%. To get cold buteprol, you need to take 1 part of diesel fuel for 2 parts of bitumen. At the same time, the bitumen warms up to 180º, while the filler and diesel fuel settle in another place. After the evaporation of water in bitumen, both compositions are interconnected. This instruction will help you make your own cold mastic.

To prepare hot mastic, you will need an electric stove. Bitumen must be brought to a temperature of 200º by slowly adding filler to it. It is important that the composition does not cool down more than 160º.

To check the quality of the mastic, it should be laid at an angle of 45º. To do this, it must first be heated to 60º. So, if the coating flows down, then it Bad quality. If it does not drain, then you still need to let it dry. If cracks do not appear, then you managed to make high-quality mastic.

So that the roof is not of different shades, you need to use several packs of tiles at once. The color, of course, will not be the same, but at least it will be uniform. Work starts from the middle of the slope. Tiled tiles should be laid in vertical rows. Move from the center to the fronts. It is important to follow the gap, which should be 2-3 cm between the edge of the tiles and the cornice tiles. This point is important to verify when laying the first row. To form an attractive pattern, the extreme part of the tiles of the second row must be cut off. This is usually done in the center. If necessary, elements of flexible tiles can be cut along the edge of the eaves. It is also important that these trimmed edges are subsequently treated with bituminous glue. Glue a strip about 100 mm wide with glue.

For bituminous tiles, alternative fasteners should be provided. It must be attached to the crate with nails. This is done when laying rows adjacent to each other. About five nails are nailed to one shingle. This is due to the fact that bituminous tiles will stick to each other and to the crate over time due to solar heat.

The roof usually has adjunctions, for example, to a stove heating pipe. There will be a gap in this place, as a result of which moisture will penetrate inside the roof. In order to avoid this shortcoming, it is necessary to correctly attach the flexible tile. First, hammer the rail into the junction of the pipe and the roof. Then put the tiles on the rail and partially on the pipe. Then, starting from the pipe, it is necessary to lay the valley carpet on it so that it overlaps the pipe 300 mm higher from the roof surface. At the end, cover the lower part of the pipe with carpet and tiles with painted tin from all sides.

To prevent snow from accumulating behind the pipe during operation, a groove must be installed. So, melting snow / rainwater, when it hits the slopes of the groove, will flow around the pipe, flowing down the roof.

When installing tile tiles on a ridge, ridge tiles are required. It is made with perforation dividing each element into 3 conditional parts. It must be laid with an overlap of 5–6 cm. This process must be carried out so that the tiles are parallel to the slope line. The short side of the tile is parallel to the slope lines. It must be fastened with nails.

A roof made of flexible tiles can only be laid at positive temperatures, when the thermometer shows at least +5ºС. This is due to the peculiarities of the shingle (a sheet consisting of three to four tile elements). It is attached to the crate with nails or on a special self-adhesive layer. The point is that tightness soft roof provided with solar heat. Under its influence, the sheets are glued to the base and to each other. In cold weather, this can hardly be achieved, which means that the insulation will leave the best. On the ridge, you need to overlap, and in cold weather, the shingle becomes especially fragile.

It also happens that a roof made of flexible tiles is forced to be installed in winter. In such cases, the roofing material must be kept in a room with room temperature. If you still have questions on the topic, then you can get additional advice from our specialist.

Video

In the provided lesson, you will receive information on how to make a soft roof: