Repair of a soft roof: the choice of materials and the procedure for performing the main stages of work. Defectologist for a roof: how to repair a soft coating Overhaul of a soft roof

Any roof covering wears out over time. Of course, the service life of different materials can vary significantly. So, if an ordinary roofing material was used to cover the roof, then repair of a soft roof may be required after 5-7 years. When using rolled materials of III and IV generations or bituminous tiles, the roofing will last two or even three times longer. But even this coating will require repair over time.

Soft roofing is widely used today, this type of roofing is also used by private developers in the construction of cottages, garages and other low-rise buildings. Some types of soft roofs are used in the construction of multi-storey buildings, industrial and public buildings.

Properly installed soft roof made of modern materials can successfully serve for 15 years or more. But over time, repair of the soft roof of the roof will be required. Consider how you can host this event yourself.

Roof inspection

In most cases, the owners begin to think about repairing the roofing only in the event of leaks. Drip from the ceiling in the house can start:

• During rain or immediately after it. In this case, the coating is likely to have mechanical damage. However, permanent leaks can also be caused by the fact that the installation of the roof was done incorrectly.
• In the spring, after some time, after the snow begins to melt. When leaks of this type appear, it is worth first of all to check the junctions with pipes and ventilation shafts. And on flat roofs - and the joints between the floor slabs. Cracks often form here, which lead to the formation of leaks.
• Leaks can be "flickering", so they say, if it starts to drip from the ceiling not after every rain, but from time to time. As a rule, such leaks occur when microcracks appear on the coating or when the covering aprons are installed incorrectly.

Types of defects

During the inspection of the roof, at first glance, it may seem that the coating is well preserved. However, a closer inspection, as a rule, reveals defects, for example:

• Cuts and other mechanical damage that can be caused by tree branches or during the installation of antennas or other structures on the roof.
• The presence of bubbles and blisters on the coating;
• The presence of cracks;
• Peeling of the coating from the base, and in the case of rolled roofing, separation of the coating layers from each other.
• Peeling of patches that were previously applied to the coating.

What repairs will be required?

Depending on how badly the roof is damaged, major or partial repairs may be required.

• If up to 40% of the coating is damaged on the roof area, then partial repairs are allowed. In this case, patches are applied and cracks are filled with mastic.
• With extensive damage, if defects occupy more than 40% of the coverage, a major overhaul of the soft roof is necessary. In this case, a complete replacement of the roofing is carried out.

Repair materials

What materials are needed to repair a soft roof? For patching and full coverage replacement, you will need:

• Technoelast, Bireplast or similar elastic materials - to form the lining layer of the coating;
• Linocrom, Isoelast, Uniflex - materials with coarse-grained dressing, used to form the top layer of the coating:

In addition, you will need mastic to repair a soft roof. This material is used for filling cracks and bonding material when patching.

Advice! Mastics are hot and cold. The former require heating to a temperature of 160-180 degrees, the latter are applied cold. It is clear that for independent work it is much more convenient to use cold applied mastics.

How do you budget for repairs?

Having decided on the number of defects and the type of repair, it will be possible to start drawing up an estimate. As a rule, an estimate is required if major repairs are necessary, since a can of mastic and a small amount of material for patches is usually enough to eliminate minor faults.

Advice! When carrying out a major overhaul, it is recommended to start preparing an estimate after all layers of the previous coating have been removed. Only then will it be possible to find out for sure whether only the roofing material will need to be replaced, or whether it will be necessary to perform a new screed and replace the layers of hydro-steam and thermal insulation.

• The roof area is measured. In this case, it is very important to take into account the area of ​​\u200b\u200ball protruding structures. 20% should be added to the roof area, the result will be equal to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe material that will be required for repairs.
• In the event that the foundation requires repair, it is necessary to include materials for its implementation in the estimate.
• Further, the estimate includes consumables (mastic), taking into account the manufacturer's recommended consumption per square meter of roofing.
• If necessary, the estimate also includes the purchase of tools that will be required for the implementation of repair work.

Advice! If necessary, the estimate also includes the purchase of overalls - tight trousers, boots with thick and non-slip soles, work gloves.

Carrying out repairs

Consider what is the technology for repairing a soft roof.

Carrying out minor repairs

With minor damage to the surface, it is enough to carry out minor repairs to the roofing.

• Narrow cracks can simply be filled with bituminous mastic.
• If a hole has formed on the surface, then it should be covered with a patch cut from roofing felt or other material suitable for the top layer of the coating.
• In the event that a divergence of the joints has formed between the individual strips of material, then the diverged edges are first lifted, mastic is applied to them and heated with a gas burner. From above, the defect is again smeared with mastic.
• If swelling is detected on the coating, it is necessary to cut the bubble crosswise. The edges of the material are bent and dried by heating them with a burner flame. Then mastic is poured into the formed cavity, and the previously bent edges are laid in place. The place of swelling is rolled with a roller. Then again the surface of the defect is smeared with mastic and a pre-cut piece of roofing material or other rolled material is applied to it, the area of ​​the applied patch should be larger than the area of ​​the defect. The applied patch is rolled several times with a roller.

Overhaul

It is much more difficult to make major repairs on your own, since special tools are required in the process. Full replacement of the coating occurs as follows:

• First you need to remove the old coating to assess the condition of the base.
• If necessary, restore the cement screed.
• A bitumen-based primer layer is applied to the screed. This is necessary to ensure better adhesion between the roofing and the substrate.

• After the mastic layer has dried, you can start laying the lining layer. Previously, glassine was used for this purpose, however, today it is better to take modern materials made on the basis of fiberglass or fiberglass.
• The laying of the lining material begins from the lowest edge of the roof. Strips of material are laid so that an overlap of 7-10 cm wide is formed.
• Modern materials are laid by fusing. The lower part of the roll is heated by a burner flame (gas or diesel), then the material is rolled out over the base and pressed well with a roller.
• The top layer of the coating is mounted from a material with a coarse-grained dressing. It fits in the same way, only you need to make sure that the joints of the strips of the second layer fall in the middle of the sheets of the lower one.

So, major and even more minor repairs of a soft roof can be done independently. But in order for the coating to last longer, it is recommended not to wait for leaks to appear, but to carry out a preventive inspection of the coating 1-2 times a year. If you find small defects, you need to immediately eliminate them. Such preventive work will allow to postpone the need for major repairs for several years.

Repair of a soft roof is necessary when the first defects are detected. Otherwise, leaking water will destroy the insulation, render the hydro and vapor barrier unusable, and you will have to spend more effort and money on restoration.

The final cost of restoration work depends on the type of soft roof. It is known that it is much cheaper to put in order a roll coating than to restore bituminous tiles.



The price of all events depends on the chosen repair option:

1. Cosmetic restoration includes the elimination of minor defects - divergence of seams, holes, dents and swelling.
2. Capital works consist in the complete replacement of existing material with qualitatively new components.
3. Emergency repair is carried out when it is impossible to qualitatively eliminate the damage due to weather or other conditions. The main thing here is to fix the problem, and not to preserve the appearance.

The appropriate type of measures to be taken is determined on the basis of an internal and external inspection of the structure. This will allow you to identify the most problematic areas and focus on them.

cosmetic work

Cosmetic repair allows you to restore the beautiful appearance of the roof and at the same time eliminate the leak. They resort to it in cases where the water has not spoiled the "roofing cake".


Defects are usually eliminated in two ways, depending on their type:

• cracks and holes are eliminated by applying patches and subsequent application of mastic or bitumen;
• the separated joints are again glued with roofing glue on both sides - top and bottom.

It is more difficult to repair a soft roof with swelling. The reason for this phenomenon is the penetration of moisture into the insulation. To eliminate the defect, the heat is replaced and a new layer of waterproofing is laid. Air ducts are also constructed to circulate air and remove moisture.

Capital recovery

Major repairs are required in case of extensive damage to the roofing, when it makes no sense to partially close up the holes. Measures are also taken due to the aging of the material.



In this case, the work consists of several stages:

1. Dismantling the old system - removing not only the roof, but also the "pie".
2. Drying of all structural elements, processing of wooden elements with antiseptics.
3. Laying a vapor-permeable membrane, insulation and waterproofing.
4. Roofing installation.

Major repairs may be needed for extensive swelling. In this case, the work on laying ventilation ducts with the installation of aerators is included in the technological process, gaps are left for air circulation.


Here are the main aspects of repairing a roof from a soft roof. The number of activities and the complexity of the work depends on the type of roof truss, surface area. And if you want to save money and carry out a quality restoration, then contact a professional company.

The price of repairing a soft roof

Types of jobs	Units	Prices:
Complete dismantling of the existing roof (waterproofing coating, screed, insulation) with garbage disposal	m2	250 rub.
The device of a two-layer roofing carpet with welded roll material on a vertical surface	m2	350 rub.
Thermal insulation device from slabs 150 mm thick	m2	200 rub.
Installation of a cement-sand screed up to 50 mm thick	m2	300 rub.
Reinforced cement-sand screed up to 50 mm thick	m2	350 rub.
Priming the base with a primer	m2	100 rub.
Deceleration device made of expanded clay with an average thickness of 100 mm	m2	200 rub.
Vapor barrier device built-up single-layer	m2	150 rub.
Dry vapor barrier device	m2	80 rub.
Installation of drain funnels	m2	2000 rub.
Installation of roof aerators, deflectors	m2	2500 rub.
Device for covering a parapet up to 500 mm wide with dry galvanized steel	m2	300 rub.
The device of an apron made of galvanized steel at the junction of the roofing carpet to vertical surfaces	m	30 rub.

Properly installed soft roof regularly serves 15 years. However, its ideal condition must be constantly taken care of. After a certain period of operation, a soft coating may need emergency or current repairs, and a little later - a major one. To understand whether it is time to restore the roof, it will turn out only after a thorough visual inspection.

Roofing carpet diagnostics

Climbing up to the roof and assessing the damage to the coating will help to clearly comprehend how much work is expected. When examining a soft roof, you need to investigate the appearance of such problems as:

• detachment of the material in the area of ​​​​combining the panels;

  You can verify that the soft coating is peeling off at the joints of the panels by carefully lifting the material.

• the formation of pits that are filled with water;
• swelling of the coating in some places due to penetration of water into the interior;

  Bubbles or creases in the soft surface indicate that the material could not be firmly pressed to the base when laying.

• rotting of the material, accompanied by the appearance of mold and fungus, which always result from prolonged exposure to moisture;
• mechanical damage to the coating (cracks, abrasions, holes).

  Cracks in soft roofing often appear due to exposure to atmospheric agents.

After a critical inspection of the soft roof, a decision can be made regarding the type of repair - emergency, current or capital.

For emergency restoration of a soft roof, they are taken when they see that from 5 to 20% of the coverage area needs an ambulance to normalize operational characteristics. To return the carpet to perfect condition, patches are placed in places where leaks are found or may soon appear.

Patches will help restore soft roofing if it has deteriorated by a maximum of 40%

Current repairs are necessary if 10-40% of the coating has been damaged. It is expressed in the partial replacement of the roofing carpet or patching.

Capital restoration of a soft covering is an extreme measure. They resort to it, being sure that more than 40% of the roofing carpet has been badly damaged.

Significantly damaged roof patches will not help. With a significant destruction of the bituminous layer, the deterioration of the properties of water resistance and vapor barrier, they are struggling with a complete or at least extensive replacement of the material.

Roof with serious damage in need of major repairs

Tools and materials for repair

The roof repair kit includes:

Technoelast, Bireplast and Glass Elast are well suited for restoring the lower layer of soft coating. These materials are elastic and act as an additional barrier against the cold.

When repairing a soft roof, it is better to create the top layer of the coating from uniflex, isoplast, isoelast or linocrom. With any of the listed materials, the roofing carpet will acquire special strength and last more than 10 years.

Different materials are used as the first and second layers of soft roofing.

It is better to process the finishing layer of the roofing with hot bitumen-polymer mastic.

Hot mastic is prepared in a cauldron. Bitumen is used as the main ingredient. As soon as it heats up to 200 degrees, the filler is slowly poured into it. The main thing is that when mixing the components, the temperature of the composition does not fall below 160 degrees, otherwise the mastic will turn out to be low-grade. The heated bitumen is poured into gasoline, after which it is carefully mixed with a wooden stick and immediately used.

To repair the inner layers of the roof, cold mastic is used.

The cold composition is prepared by mixing one part of the filler with two parts of bitumen, heated to 180 degrees, and gasoline in the same volume. The components are connected to each other, waiting for all the water to come out of the bitumen in the form of steam. The finished mass is not used until it cools down.

To process the finishing layers of a soft roof, bituminous mastic is used, which can be bought ready-made or made independently.

Emergency and current repair of a soft roof

In order to qualitatively eliminate defects on a soft roofing carpet, you must act strictly according to the instructions.

How to fix holes and cracks

When the roofing carpet is torn, proceed as follows:

Video: what to do with holes in a soft roof

How to re-glue broken joints

It will be possible to again make a good joint between two panels of soft cover if the following measures are taken:

How to eliminate blisters on the roof

It is preferable to deal with blisters on a soft roof like this:

How to remove a rotten coating

When rotting a soft roof, the following work is performed:

What to do when the material peels off

If the soft coating lags behind the base, which usually occurs due to insufficient heating of the lower layer of the roof or laying the material on a dirty surface, then proceed as follows:

Overhaul

Roofing overhaul measures are determined by the type of material that is planned to be used.

Major overhaul with laying roofing material

Using a roofing material during the complete restoration of a soft roof, do the following:

The author of the article strongly recommends laying the roofing material in four hands. One person should be assigned the duty to work the burner on the inside of the material, and the other should roll out and press the panels to the base. Alone, it will be difficult to perform two complex actions at the same time. In this scenario, there is a big risk of moving off the flat line.

Video: overhaul of a soft roof with laying roofing material

Overhaul with bikrost

If it is necessary to completely replace the soft roof covering with bikrost, they act in the same way as when laying roofing material. The only difference is that mastic is not used during operation - due to the special composition, the bicrost, heated by a gas burner, sticks on its own.

Bikrost is glued to the base of the roof without the use of mastic

To properly cover the roof with a bicrost, you need to know the following:

• the material is laid on the roof from the bottom up;
• the roll is rolled out, carefully heated and paying special attention to the corners and edges of the panel;
• strips of material are glued to the base quickly, while overlapping 7-8 cm;
• bicrost soft roofing is created in 2 layers.

Overhaul with corrugated board

Restoration of the roof with profiled sheets is carried out in stages:

Features of repairing a soft roof in winter

Trying to do anything with a soft roof during the cold season is almost a crime. Refusing to repair the roofing carpet in winter is not worth it only if there are serious reasons for this.

For emergency repairs of a soft roof, regardless of the air temperature, they are taken when the roof began to leak heavily, being damaged by a heavy object that fell on it. The reason for the urgent restoration of the roofing carpet may also be the deflection of the coating as a result of the pressure of a large layer of snow or the formation of leaks due to thaw.

When repairing a soft roof in winter, the following rules must be followed:

Video: soft roof repair in winter

Preventive measures and features of operation

To insure a soft roof from deformation and other damage, the following measures must be taken:

Caring for a soft roof in winter is very specific, as it involves performing tasks such as:

• snow removal until a 5 cm thick layer remains on the surface of the coating, which will serve as additional protection against the negative effects of the weather;
• using only a wooden or plastic shovel for cleaning, incapable of scratching soft material, unlike a metal tool.

In summer, the requirements for the operation of a soft roof are greatly simplified. In order to preserve the original appearance of the coating, it is enough to do just two things:

• periodically remove debris using a brush or brush with soft bristles, otherwise cracks will appear on the material;
• wash the roof once every 2 months and wipe it dry with a rag.

If you do not be late with the repair and adhere to the requirements of operation, the soft roof will last no less than its manufacturer indicated. In this matter, it is important to make it a rule that the roll coating must be inspected as often as possible.

When a roof covered with soft roofing materials begins to leak, there is an urgent need for sanitation. Sometimes you can get by with a patch repair, which comes down to gluing joints or patching up cracks. And sometimes only laborious and thorough will help.

Before repair, it is necessary to carefully examine the roof and determine in which places it is necessary to repair. Particular attention should be paid to such defects:

• small cracks, delamination at the places of gluing panels;
• depressions and pits in which moisture accumulates;
• dampness, rotting of the coating, fouling of the roof with fungus or moss;
• swelling of the coating occurs after penetration of moisture;
• large abrasions and tears from mechanical impact.

After a thorough inspection of the roof, you can determine whether major or minor repairs need to be carried out.

What materials to use?

The modern market offers a huge range of roofing roll materials. The most common:

• welded fiberglass;
• bicrost;
• membranes;
• bitumen;
• ruberoid.

Methods for minor repairs of a soft roof

Current repairs are carried out when the roof has small cracks, open joints, scuffs and tears. The patch method of repairing the coating is usually used. Cracks, abrasions and breaks are removed as follows:

• the place of damage is filled with bitumen;
• ruberoid or other material is glued on top of the mastic, pre-cut to the size of the damaged coating;
• the patch is fixed with a layer of bituminous mastic, evenly distributed by a roller over the roof surface.

The divergent joints are eliminated in the following sequence:

• lift and dry the peeled surface of the material with a gas burner;
• apply bituminous mastic with a roller;
• lower the dried material;
• re-treat the joint with bitumen.

Overhaul

Repair of a roof from cloths should be made after careful survey. If there are multiple areas on the roof in which water collects, there are deep scratches, chips of the roll coating. Tools that may be needed when repairing the roof:

• gas burner for heating panels;
• sheets of roofing material;
• knife for removing defective areas;
• sealant and waterproofing bituminous mastic;
• broom for cleaning;
• heater if necessary;
• reinforcing mesh and cement for screed.

Advice! It is recommended to use a gas burner as heating equipment, as it will allow the soft bitumen sheet to heat up faster. This greatly simplifies the installation of the cover.

produced in several stages:

1. Dismantling of the defective coating layer.
2. Cleaning of debris, dirt and water.
3. Roof and roof repairs.
4. Basic laying.
5. Installation of insulation is carried out if necessary.
6. Cement screed primed with bitumen.
7. Soft covering.
8. Application of special protection from bituminous mastic.

1. The dismantling of the old roofing material is carried out very carefully so as not to damage the base of the roof.
2. and ventilation pipes protruding to the roof surface are treated with a single roll of bituminous coating, and not in pieces to prevent water from flowing at the joints.
3. Additional protection against moisture of the protruding areas will be non-woven polyester-viscose materials impregnated with bituminous mastic.
4. When servicing the roof in the winter season, it is recommended to remove the snow with a wooden shovel so as not to damage the surface of the flexible roof. It is recommended to leave a small layer of snow - up to 5 cm.

Built-up roof - device and installation methods

Repair of built-up roofing is carried out using polymer-bitumen roll coatings and gas burners. Roofs covered with built-up materials are practical and affordable. They are monolithic waterproofing panels. The device of built-up roofing includes the following advantages:

• lightweight material, resistant to ultraviolet, temperature extremes and deformation;
• simple installation without the use of special equipment;
• ease of maintenance;
• high waterproofing and soundproofing properties;
• has an elastic flexible structure;
• environmentally friendly and durable.

The modern coating of welded roll roofing is made of polyester, fiberglass, fiberglass and bituminous modifiers.

Repair of a soft roof with built-up materials

Features of membrane coatings

Repair work to restore a flexible roof is extremely rare. After all, the warranty period of membrane roofing is 35 years. The biggest advantage of this material is its resistance to sudden changes in temperature. The roofing membrane is a polymer that consists of fiberglass, plasticizer and modified bitumen.

Membrane roof device

To date, the following methods for the production of a flexible membrane are used:

1. Reinforced with polyester mesh plasticized polyvinyl chloride. The installation of this material is carried out by welding individual sheets into a single coating using hot air.

Important!Advantages: UV resistance, flame retardant.Disadvantages: the color fades, the material is unstable to oils, solvents and bituminous components.

1. Glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic olefins. Not elastic plates, therefore inconvenient in laying. During installation, the panels are welded into a single coating. This is the most durable material with a service life of 60 years.
2. Polyester mesh reinforced synthetic rubber. Very elastic material. The installation of the canvas is made on glue. Joints can peel off over time and allow water to pass through. Cheaper than analogues.

Methods of installation and roofing from membranes

Membrane roof repair is carried out in one of the following ways:

• Mechanical - for roofs with an angle of inclination of more than 10 degrees. Installation is carried out with fasteners.
• Ballast - for roofs with a slope of less than 10 degrees.
• Adhesive mounting is used on the roofs of buildings with increased wind load.

Seams are repaired by welding, however, it is rather problematic to weld old and new material without special equipment. Therefore, when repairing, it is recommended to use a chemical method of connecting membranes. This method of connecting the canvases allows you to carry out repair work at any time of the year.

Methods of repair and installation of bituminous roofing

Repair of a bituminous roof is carried out in the following stages:

1. Roof preparation. Cleaning of the old coating, dirt and debris. Repair of minor defects: exfoliated, swollen and wrinkled areas are cut out and filled with mastic.
2. Cleaning and drying of the roof surface is done with a stiff brush. The surfaces are carefully degreased with the help of special cleaning agents.
3. With the help of a polymer fabric or a polypropylene tape and a base layer of mastic, it is necessary to strengthen the areas freed from the coating.
4. After strengthening all repaired areas with a flexible reinforcing fabric, it is necessary to apply a finishing layer of bituminous mastic.

Mounting methods and installation of a roofing roof

Repair of a roof from roofing material is made seasonally. This material is most often used in the construction of buildings and structures with flat roofs that require constant inspection by technical personnel, which leads to additional wear. Ruberoid roofing is repaired in spring or summer. In winter, it is impossible to replace the roll material. Capital is made in the spring, since after the winter season all damage and leaks are noticeable. Specialists carefully inspect it, find places of damage, carefully clean the surface of the old coating and proceed with the installation of a new roll material.

Methods, device and roof covering with bikrost

Bikrost consists of fiberglass, on top and bottom of which a bituminous composition is applied. Bicrost is good to protect the roof from moisture. Bikrost also allows you to replace another roofing material during repairs. The roof is covered with bikrost from the bottom up. Often it is used as a waterproofing material for bituminous or membrane roofing. Just like a bituminous sheet, the roof covering with bikrost takes place in several stages. The service life of this material is 5 years.

Maintainability is a strong argument in favor of flexible materials used in the arrangement of roofs of private houses. Most of the damage to bituminous tiles and roll coatings will be repaired by the owner of the house with his own hands without any problems.

He does not need sophisticated equipment and the fundamental knowledge of an experienced roofer. You will need confidence in your own abilities and the basics of skill, according to which the soft roof of low-rise buildings is being repaired.

Commonplace leaks are usually a convincing signal that tells about the need for roof repair. They appear for various reasons, which include:

• Design violations. Among them are errors in the arrangement of the layers of the roofing cake, incorrectly calculated thickness of the insulation, incorrectly selected coating, etc.
• Installation errors. This is a failure to comply with the technology: incorrectly installed fasteners, insufficient application of the adhesive composition and similar mistakes.
• Household damage. Their list most often includes punctures and breaks in the coating resulting from inaccurate movement on the roof, falling heavy objects with pointed edges, heavy wind, cleaning with a metal shovel.

To correct defects formed as a result of design violations, a major overhaul is needed. Not every home master will be able to cope with it without professional assistance. But the damage indicated in the second and third paragraphs is eliminated during the current repair. It does not require global dismantling, a large amount of work and the performance of highly complex operations. Almost all damage included in the current repair area is available to an inexperienced performer. Let's consider them.

Determining the location of damage

Traces of violation of the integrity of the coating do not always appear during the period of active snowmelt and rainfall. Although the ceiling, the attic sheathing, dampened rafters, wet due to liquid precipitation, are reasonably considered to be one hundred percent indicator. It happens that atmospheric moisture that has penetrated under the coating for some time first “runs” along the waterproofing, and then seeps into the gap that has finally met on its way. According to popular wisdom, water will always find a “hole” for itself, and it can also “grind a stone”. Where can we deal with its impact on the wooden truss system, crate and mineral wool insulation.

In the name of the long-term service of the roof, inspections must be carried out regularly, 4 times a year. They are needed for the timely identification of existing and emerging breakthroughs, which sooner or later will definitely make themselves felt. So that the consequences of small punctures, cracks, potentially dangerous blisters do not take on an emergency character, the roof is inspected each time in two stages, these are:

• Studying the condition of the roof structure from the attic with a thorough check of wet spots and the degree of damage to system parts.
• Inspection of the roof covering from the outside with a detailed inspection of defects and revision of places of possible water penetration.

It should be noted that the wet spots identified from the attic do not always coincide with the existing holes found on the outside of the roof. The causes and effects of leaks practically coincide or are closest to each other on flat roofs. This is not typical for pitched structures: in reality, water penetrates higher than it leaves its destructive traces. This circumstance must certainly be remembered by the researcher of his own skates.

Roof repair technologies

The revision of the roof allows you to understand whether the home master will be able to repair the soft roof on his own, or it is better for him to resort to the services of builders. There are no fundamental snags with the current operations to eliminate defects in soft coatings. If the owner has not forgotten how to hold a tool in his hands, he is able to repair a roof covered with flexible tiles, a membrane and bitumen-polymer roll material.

Situation #1 - Replacing shingles of shingles

Minor roof leaks with shingles are corrected by replacing the damaged elements. The most common cause of holes in it is walking in frosty weather, when the bituminous coating becomes brittle. You can make a hole by cleaning off the snow with a shovel or by dropping the tool on the surface. In addition, poorly fixed shingles can be torn off by a heavy gust of wind.

Holes in the coating tend to grow, as a result, part of the tile or the whole shingle comes off. Even if the owner is not embarrassed by the loss of aesthetic indicators, the element must be changed. And for a competent repair, you should familiarize yourself with the repair technology of a soft tiled roof and with the sequence of actions for replacing it.

It is not necessary to install a new shingle, which includes three parts with petal ends. Sometimes it is enough to replace only one petal. However, having in stock a few pieces with a similar color coating is very useful. They are needed precisely then, so that at any time it is possible to restore the coating.

Let's analyze the sequence of work on replacing 1/3 of the shingle, i.e. parts with a torn petal. To replace it, we need to remove that part of the tile that is covered by the elements laid on top. It is impossible to fasten a bituminous detail over a piece of shingle that has not been removed. After all, the surface relief resulting from the “lining” can become a new cause of coating rupture.

Algorithm for repairing bituminous tiles with one torn petal:

• We determine the repair area and the installation points of the roofing nails intended for removal. It is advisable to mark them with chalk so that the park does not unfasten the part of the coating that is unnecessary for repair.
• Carefully lift two rows of tiles over the area to be restored. Because the nails hammered into the lower part of the untorn part of the tile are the first to overlap from the damaged one. There are also upper mounts under the second one from the nearby damaged coating.
• We install a small flat mount so that it wedges the tiles laid on top.
• With a nail puller, remove the fasteners of the torn petal.
• Similarly, we dismantle the nails that fastened the element to be removed.
• Using scissors for metal, cut off the damaged part of the tile.
• We remove the cut off part, trying not to damage adjacent elements.
• We cut off a third from the spare shingle for replacement, lubricate the back with bituminous mastic.
• We install our repair tab instead of the removed part, align it with respect to neighboring elements and hammer nails, stepping back from the previous place by 3-5mm in a direction convenient for driving.
• We fix our tab on four sides.
• We process the heads of newly installed nails and fasteners of adjacent tiles with bitumen-polymer resin or mastic.
• We apply mastic on the back side of all raised tiles.
• We press the repair area to the crate and are pleased to understand that the current repair of the soft tiled roof has been successfully completed.

Both in the case of numerous damages, and in the case of replacing the entire bituminous shingle, they act according to the above algorithm.

If a roof covered with flexible tiles flows along the junction lines, then the cause should be sought in the cracking of the sealant, the detachment of the waterproofing carpets attached to the penetration, or, again, in violation of the penetration technology. In such situations, the tiles in the repair area, most often around the pipe or along the parapet line, are unfastened. And after the defect is eliminated by the described method, they are laid in place.

Situation #2 - Membrane Roof Repair

Holes and holes in the roofing membrane are the result of incorrect operation. Walking on a polymer-coated roof is only allowed on footpaths laid specifically for its maintenance. Tracks are constructed from an elastomeric strip with an anti-slip relief, produced by the manufacturers of this roofing material. To remove snow from the membrane, use a plastic or wooden shovel.

Small defects in the membrane roof are repaired by installing patches:

• According to the actual dimensions of the hole, we make a patch, the outline of which should overlap the damaged area by at least 5 cm in all directions. Round off the edges of the patch.
• Thoroughly wipe the area to be repaired with a damp cloth to remove dirt and dry it with a building hair dryer.
• We weld the patch in one step to the surface. We place the nozzle of the welding device diagonally to the seam line. The welded surfaces are immediately rolled with a silicone roller. We direct all movements from an imaginary center to the periphery.

In case of severe contamination of the surface around the hole, the patch can be placed under the coating and welded in a similar way. You can rent a manual welding machine from a specialized company or a tool store.

If a welding device is not at hand to eliminate the defect, it is permissible to seal the gap with butyl rubber tape:

• We cut the damaged material so that there are no frayed edges and flaps.
• If there is damaged waterproofing under the membrane, we cut it too.
• We clean and dry the area of ​​​​the roof and the waterproofing carpet to be repaired. Soap stains and greasy marks on the membrane should not be.
• We repair the waterproofing by applying a patch with rounded edges to the waterproofing sheet, pre-treated with bitumen-polymer mastic.
• We glue the patch from the butyl tape, first removing the protective film from its back side.
• With effort, we “walk” over the patch with a silicone roller or simply with a hand with a dry rag.
• We process the edges of the patch with polyurethane sealant.

The materials used to repair the membrane must be compatible with the coating. Before applying the patch, the surface should be primed.

In addition to gaps and cracks during operation, flaws in the installation of the membrane may appear. The most common manifestation is delamination of the strip along the welded seam. In such cases, the coating is not patched, but the poorly welded strip is removed and a new one is laid. It is recommended to duplicate the new seam from above with a welded strip of material with an approximate width of 10 cm.

Situation # 3 - elimination of defects in bituminous roofing

The fight against defects in bituminous and bitumen-polymer coatings is carried out along all fronts characteristic of soft roofs using characteristic repair methods. Common types of damage include:

• Punctures, breakthroughs, gaps resulting from illiterate operation.
• Cracking of the coating in the adjoining areas, formed due to the movements of the building structure not taken into account by the designer.
• Blisters that have arisen above the places of moistening of thermal insulation. The reason may be laying the coating on top of a wet insulation or punctures in the vapor barrier layer from the inside.
• Shallow depressions in a roof covering, formed when it is attached to an unrepaired concrete or cement-sand base with potholes.
• Leaks around roof penetrations, the prerequisites for the appearance of which are most often poor-quality pasting of the adjacent area with a waterproofing carpet or its mechanical damage.
• Sliding of a rolled coating laid on the vertical planes of adjacent walls, pipes, parapets.
• Peeling of the roofing carpet from the base due to insufficient adhesion to it, which arose due to the lack of soil or poor heating of the back side of the rolled material.

Holes in the roofing carpet, the cause of which is incorrect operation, are not without reason leading the list of situations to be repaired. Damage to rolled material is often of mechanical origin.

Options for fixing minor defects:

• Small breaks and punctures do not require a complete replacement of the coating, a patch is sufficient. The dimensions of the patch should cover the gap by 10 cm in all directions, its edges should be rounded. The patch is applied to the cleaned primed surface from above, if the base was a cement-sand screed or an uninsulated reinforced concrete slab. The patch is placed under the cut material if the basis for laying was wood flooring, plywood, OSB sheet and similar materials. Large cracks are repaired by the same method.
• Small fracturing is eliminated by filling the damaged area with bitumen-polymer mastic, applied in two layers. Coarse-grained topping is applied over the second layer of mastic.
• Swellings that are insignificant in area should first be incised crosswise and dried with a hair dryer on the wet layers of the roofing cake. The corners of the cut turn outward in the form of petals and are scrupulously cleaned of dirt. The dried rear of the petals is heated with a propane torch, applied in place and rolled with a roller. A patch of identical roll material is placed on top of the notch.

Impressive swellings and ruptures dictate the need for a major overhaul of the built-up soft roof with the replacement of layers of the roofing cake that have had time to get wet. In order not to come to major alterations, the regularity of the inspection should be observed. Repair work is recommended to coincide with the days when the thermometer does not fall below +5ºС and does not rise above +18ºС. Deviations in both directions from the indicated temperature limit are reflected in the elasticity and strength of the material.

If depressions with a depth of no more than 1.5 cm appear on the surface of the rolled roof, the repair is carried out according to the principle of eliminating bubbles:

• The material is cut in the form of an envelope, the cut ends are bent and dried.
• A cement-sand mortar is poured into the hole and allowed to dry. Mastic for leveling recesses can not be used.
• Mastic is applied to the surface of the fill.
• The dried petals of the incision are returned to their place and glued.
• A patch is applied on top, the dimensions of which overlap the incisions by 10 cm.

Minor leaks in the area of ​​​​roof penetrations are fought by opening the finishing material and replacing the waterproofing pasting. Often, an autopsy shows that only the sealant layer is damaged. It just needs to be updated.

Things are much more complicated with the elimination of leaks in the area of ​​​​roofing adjoining and passages, if the problems are associated with delamination, cracking and destruction of the coating. Troubleshoot such problems as follows:

• We release the junctions from a protective apron - metal or asbestos-cement around the chimneys, bituminous along the lines of interface of the walls and the parapet with the roof.
• We remove the old waterproofing carpet and dry the surface.
• We glue a new waterproofing carpet on the mastic so that 30 cm of it falls on a vertical surface.
• We fix the edge of the new waterproofing on a vertical surface with a metal rail or apron.
• We seal the seams.

Peeling of the roofing is also repaired, if the area of ​​the defect does not cause any particular concern and does not suggest the complete replacement of one or two adjacent strips. In delamination areas, care should be taken to separate the coating from the base and adjacent strips as much as possible. The base and the separated material should be thoroughly cleaned and dried, after drying, primed. The undersides of the separated coating are reheated with a gas burner and welded onto the substrate.

Actions for re-gluing the peeled coating are performed if the strip that has separated from the base does not have more significant damage. If there are large breaks and punctures, the sheet must be completely separated from the base and a new strip should be laid.

Situation # 4 - repair of roof penetrations

A soft roof can also leak due to the fault of poor-quality casings used to equip the crossing of the roof with communications. Rubber or plastic fixtures can simply burst. Damaged attributes of the arrangement are subject to unconditional replacement:

• The coating around the penetration is separated from the base.
• Remove the waterproof collar.
• We dismantle the casing.
• Installing a new device.
• We cut out a new collar from the waterproofing carpet, using the old one as a template if it is irreparably damaged.
• We clean the surface around the penetration and process it with mastic.
• We put the collar on the casing.
• We again process the repaired area with mastic.
• We put the coating separated from the base in its original place.

In fact, the replacement of communication accessories is carried out in the same way as the initial installation. Watch a video that will help you learn in detail the principle of repairing penetration through a soft roof:

The presented examples of repairing soft roofing will help get rid of most of the characteristic defects that annoy the owners of private houses. Compliance with the restoration rules guarantees an excellent result. Moreover, the owner can do everything with his own hands without the participation of roofers.