Water supply for cottages, cottages and suburban areas. Water to the house from a well: how to make a borehole water supply system

An urban family of 4-5 people spends about 1 ton of water per day, about 200-250 liters for each. How much water is needed for a comfortable stay in a cottage? In addition to the standard set - dishwasher and washing machine, toilet, bathroom and cooking, you need to water the lawn, wash the car, fill the pool, go to the bathhouse ... As a result, a person spends several times more water in a suburban area than in a city.

In general, for a comfortable stay of 4-5 people in a cottage, an artesian well with a diameter of 133 mm and a flow rate of up to 3 m3/hour is needed. 3 tons of water per hour is 50 l / min, or 5-6 simultaneously open taps with a pressure of 5 atmospheres.

water supply of the cottage from the well

To organize an efficient and reliable system autonomous water supply project is being developed. The calculation of the water supply of the cottage. The parameters of the well specified in its passport, the total and maximum water flow at the points of water intake are taken into account, the design characteristics of each node of the system are clarified.

The performance of the borehole pump is selected in accordance with the required volume of water. The volume of the hydraulic tank is directly related to the power of the pump. The borehole pump and the hydraulic tank, working in pairs, ensure an uninterrupted supply of water from the well.

The standard volume of the hydraulic tank is 100 liters. A properly selected membrane tank stabilizes the water supply to the house and protects the water supply system from water hammer, and also reduces the number of pump starts, thereby increasing its life. In case of frequent power outages, it is recommended to install a larger hydraulic tank. In this case, when the pump is turned off, water will be supplied from the tank for some time under the pressure of an elastic membrane.

Supply cross section electric cable should provide a minimum voltage drop. Otherwise, the characteristics of the downhole pump deteriorate, or it fails.

automatic block on the hydraulic tank

Automation controls the operation of the pump and protects it in critical situations, such as dry running, overheating, power surges, etc.

When calculating the water supply, heating must be taken into account if water is used instead of antifreeze in the space heating system. Hydraulic calculation of the heating system is a necessary addition to thermal calculation. The task of thermal calculation is to find out the heat loss in each room and the amount of heat that must be supplied to create comfortable temperature. According to the results of the hydraulic calculation, the parameters of the pipeline of the heating system are clarified, circulation pump and expansion tank.

Having received the design characteristics of all nodes of the water supply system, the selection is made necessary equipment and materials, an estimate is made.

It is strongly not recommended to save on the design and accurate engineering calculation of water supply. General and approximate calculations are also not enough for the stable operation of the equipment. A technically unbalanced water supply system will not provide a comfortable water supply and can quickly fail. For example, an oversized heavy-duty pump combined with membrane tank a small amount, in addition to a waste of money, can lead to serious malfunctions in the operation of the well and equipment.

Water supply system country house, built on the basis of a professionally performed engineering calculation, will not only be able to long years effectively solve all household tasks, but it will also be optimal in terms of price / quality ratio.

Do you want to ensure the water supply of your country house on your own? Agree that doing this work with your own hands is quite a feasible task if you know the nuances of the device of the water supply system.

We will help you deal with the subtleties and basic rules - in this article we will talk about how to equip a water pipe in a private house with our own hands. Where to start and how to carry out all the work correctly.

For a better understanding of the process, we have selected visual photos and plumbing plans. Also, the article is supplemented with useful video recommendations on the rules for water supply and tips on installing system input nodes in a country house.

Regardless of whether water supply is being installed in an inhabited building or laid during the construction of a new one, its design and installation must be approached very responsibly.

First of all, you need to decide on the source for the water supply. You need to know that according to the norms, the plumbing system should provide water to each of the residents of the house based on the calculation of 30-50 liters per person per day.

When arranging a bathroom and sewerage, the calculated indicator increases three times. For watering the garden and green spaces, a water consumption of at least 5 liters per square meter is assumed. meter.

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It turns out that the volume of water consumption of a country house is quite large. Therefore, the choice of water source must be approached as responsibly as possible.

The owner can choose between decentralized and centralized water supply. In the first option, the source of water supply will be, etc. In the second, there is a water supply network that feeds his settlement.

Collector scheme of breeding water supply

The main difference from parallel wiring consists in the presence of a special distribution unit - a collector, from which a separate pipeline is laid to each consumer. This makes it possible to supply water to all taps with the same pressure.

Depending on the length of the system, it may include several collectors. Main disadvantage such a system - a large consumption of pipes.

Typical scheme plumbing looks something like this. It starts either from the point of insertion into a centralized main, or from the site of connecting the system to a well or other source of water supply.

In the latter case, a pump or pumping station must be installed here, supplying water to the system. It also assumes the presence of a hydraulic accumulator and a shut-off valve, which is used in case of a leak or scheduled repairs.

If necessary, divide the flow of water, use a tee. It will form two streams: one will be used for technical needs, such as watering the garden, pool, shower, etc., and the second will be sent to the house.

The pipe that drains water into the house must be equipped with a filtration system to purify the liquid from all kinds of impurities.

At this stage, coarse filters will be quite enough.

The collector is a distribution node in which the general flow is divided into several branches

Next, on the pipe entering the house, you will need to install another tee. This is done only if the organization of hot water is supposed to be. The flow will be divided into cold and heated water.

The cold water supply pipe is connected to the appropriate collector, from which the wiring is carried out further through the building. The hot pipeline is first connected to the water heater, then to the corresponding collector, and then - similarly to the first option.

When designing wiring, experts strongly recommend minimizing the length of pipelines as much as possible and minimizing the number of joints and bends. After all, they are the potential causes of leaks.

In addition, it is highly undesirable to perform pipe turns at right angles. This significantly reduces the pressure in the line.

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Plumbing can be laid hidden or open way. The first one is the most aesthetic. He assumes that the pipes will be laid in strobes laid inside the walls or closed with decorative boxes.

In this case, it is important that the material from which the parts are made is not subject to corrosion, since it will be extremely problematic to notice a leak in time. Pipes mounted in an open way are laid over the walls.

Stages of plumbing installation

When laying water pipes on your own in a private house, experts recommend following several rules and adhering to a specific action plan. Let's talk about this in more detail.

Stage #1. Preparation for work

First of all, it is better to start laying the pipeline from the water consumer, and not vice versa. It will be easier. First, using an adapter to connect threaded type fasten water pipe to the consumer.

It is advisable to install a shut-off ball valve between the adapter and the device. It will make it possible, if necessary, to quickly shut off the water supply or repair a broken device without any problems. From the water consumer, the pipe is diverted to the collector.

Also, when performing wiring, you need to follow a few simple rules:

Pipes should be placed at a distance of about 20 mm from the wall, so it will be easier to repair them.
It is highly undesirable to lay pipes so that they pass through partitions or walls. If it is still necessary, the parts are placed in a special glass.
Clips are used to fasten to the walls. They must be present every one and a half to two meters and at all corner joints.
If it is planned to install drain taps, the pipe is laid with a slight slope towards it.
When performing a bypass inner corner the part is placed at a distance of 30-40 mm from the wall, while bypassing the outer one - 15 mm.

Before making a connection to the manifold, it is strongly recommended to install a stop valves. This will allow you to quickly disconnect the branch from the system in case of an emergency, as well as repair it without any problems.

Water pipes can be laid in a hidden way inside the gates made in the wall of the building. The hidden laying method is most often used to implement collector wiring.

Stage #2. Pipe selection

The parts from which the plumbing system is assembled must be inert to chemical and thermal effects, strong, wear-resistant and, if possible, light.

That is why, for arranging the system in country house most often choose polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride pipes. When choosing, you need to take into account the operating temperature of plastics, not everyone can interact with hot water.

Modern plastic parts equipped large quantity components, which allows you to assemble a design of any degree of complexity

Alternatively, you can use . There are many arguments in favor of assembling a water pipe from plastic elements. First of all, the design is light, but at the same time durable.

Installation of the system is so simple that even a beginner can handle it. Soldering is used to fasten the parts, resulting in very strong, almost monolithic connections.

Another plus is the possibility of bending the elements, which can significantly reduce the number of dangerous sections in the sense of an emergency. Where it is necessary to connect metal and plastic elements, special fittings are used. combined type with special metal inserts.

Plastic parts have high torsional rigidity. This is very important for cases where the pump develops a large torque.

If necessary, the plastic pipeline can be upgraded, which is also important. In addition to plastic and metal-plastic, traditional options can be used. These include details or .

The main disadvantage of the first option is the susceptibility to corrosion. Copper pipes have many advantages, but their cost is very high.

An important point is the choice of the diameter of the parts. It is carried out on the basis of the length of a particular section of the pipeline.

For lines longer than 30 m, parts with a diameter of 32 mm are selected, pipelines shorter than 10 m are assembled from elements with a cross section of 20 mm. Lines of medium length are mounted from pipes with a diameter of 25 mm.

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Stage #3. Connection of a pumping station

Another important issue that must be considered when installing a water supply system in a country house is this.

It has already been said above that a pumping station or pressure tank can be used to provide the building with enough water. Using the second option is quite troublesome. As practice shows, most homeowners choose a pumping station.

The device pumps water from a well, less often from a well. This equipment is sensitive to low temperatures, so it is placed in the basement, basement or heated technical room.

True, in this case, the noise from a running pump can interfere with residents. In some cases, the equipment is placed in a specially equipped caisson that closes.

The pumping station is a set of equipment that ensures the full pumping of water from a well or from a well

Connection work pumping station in in general terms are carried out as follows. From the source to the equipment comes a pipe, on which a brass fitting is put on, equipped with an adapter with a diameter of 32 mm.

A tee equipped with a drain cock is connected to it. This will make it possible to turn off the water supply if necessary. Connected to the tee check valve. The device will not allow water to return to the well.

It may be necessary to make a turn in the line to direct the pipe to the pumping station. If so, a special corner is used. All subsequent elements are connected using the so-called "American".

First, a shut-off ball valve is connected, which turns off the water supply if necessary. Then a coarse filter is installed, which will protect the device from impurities.

The pumping station can be installed in an insulated caisson above the head of the well, or it can be mounted in a house, in any heated room

After that, the pumping station is connected. There is a nuance here. The equipment involves the installation of a damper tank and. If the pump is in the well, and all other equipment is located in the house, then the pressure switch is installed on top of the pipe.

A damper tank is mounted below. After that, the dry running sensor is connected. It will not allow the pump to work without water, it will save it from breakage.

The last connection element is an adapter for a pipe with a diameter of 25 mm. After all the details are installed, it is recommended to check the quality of the work performed. To do this, start the pump and let it run for a while.

If the equipment will regularly pump water, then everything is fine and you can continue to work. If not, you need to find the cause and eliminate it.

Stage #4. Installing a hydraulic accumulator

Stage #5. Installation of water treatment equipment

Water treatment is also not included. mandatory elements plumbing. However, practice shows that most homeowners install such equipment. It is especially necessary for those who use a well or a well as a source of water.

The quality of such water is usually far from ideal. The fluid coming from the well is in most cases contaminated with mechanical impurities.

Therefore, at least coarse filters should be installed. To fully protect plumbing system and connected to it Appliances, it is necessary to accurately determine the nature of the impurities and chemical composition water coming from a well.

To do this, samples are taken to the laboratory and obtained, which will show which filters are needed for this system.

Water treatment equipment is installed after the accumulator. It is a set of filters selected based on the results of the analysis of the water entering the house.

Combined devices can be installed here, which include several filters at once.

However, it makes no sense to install fine filters and reverse osmosis here. Such equipment is installed only in the kitchen to purify a small amount of water that will be used for drinking and cooking.

Plumbing in a private building, whether it is a summer house or a full-fledged residential building, is necessary. Moreover, you can design and assemble the system yourself. At the same time, it is important to listen to the advice of specialists and not deviate from the instructions.

If it seems too complicated, you can trust the work construction company. Professionals will do everything quickly and efficiently necessary work, and the owner will only have to accept the finished structure into operation.

If your experience with home plumbing differs from the installation rules outlined here, please leave your comments below the article.

Requirements for the level of equipment of any residential building engineering communications, in particular, water networks have increased a hundredfold today. But if, say, in an ordinary city apartment, all worries and worries about comfort come down to buying the most modern pipes and the most advanced plumbing (everything else is the chores of the water utility), then in a country estate you have to take care of all the details of the water supply system yourself. Water supply of a country house is one of the primary tasks that you will have to solve if you suddenly decide to move to live in the “bosom of nature”. There are several ways to solve it; Let's take a closer look at each of them.

Its main and only advantage is cheapness.

Interesting! The "average" depth of the well is ten to fifteen meters.

Everything else is a complete failure. Judge for yourself:

the maximum amount of water that you can "milk" from the well in an hour is two hundred liters. In practice, this is enough to water the garden, cook dinner and wash the dishes. And not even in parallel, but in series;
it is not excluded the possibility of keeping in the well water all kinds of harmful impurities– from bacteria to nitrates and heavy metals;
use well water without risk to one's own health, it is permissible only after carrying out its bacteriological and chemical analyzes.

Home water supply can be made from a well using this simple scheme

Option 2 - sand well drilling

Drilling is carried out by the auger method: the rock destroyed by the drill is extracted to the surface by the auger.

Interesting! The auger is a steel band wound around a drill rod.

In three or four days, you can drill a well up to thirty meters deep.

Water from a sand well is much cleaner than well water. However, it may also contain a whole “bouquet” of impurities, since the sandy layer “contacts” with surface waters. Even if you plan to use water exclusively for household and household needs (not related to quenching thirst and cooking), as in the case of a well, it is recommended to analyze it and not neglect its repetition at least once a year.

Arrangement of filtered sand and artesian wells for water supply

Option 3 - drilling an artesian well

An artesian well on limestone is the most successful source of water for suburban water supply.

To create it, the rotary drilling method is used.

Interesting! The aquifer limestone horizon can occur at a depth of forty to two hundred and fifty meters!

Drilling an artesian well can take five to ten days. Well casing is done black metal pipe diameter from one hundred twenty-five to one hundred and fifty-eight millimeters. Double binding possible: outer pipe— from metal, internal (working) — from plastic.

But the working scheme of water supply based on a well

The "productivity" of this source is about a thousand liters per hour. This is more than enough to provide water for a country house with a large number of points of analysis.

Well, we figured out the question of where to get water from and it's time to move on to another, no less important - how exactly the water supply system of a country house should be arranged.

What may be required for arrangement?

You will need:

submersible or surface pump;
caisson;
hydropneumatic tank or water tank (plus automation);
pipeline;
various filters;
water heating equipment. After all, hot water supply of a country house is a vital necessity when year-round living in him.

Which pump is best?

Choosing the right pump should be given maximum attention. This is a key part of the system, saving on which is the "top of madness." A surface pump is suitable for supplying water from a well, wells are “combined” exclusively with submersible pumps. borehole pumps.

It looks like a well pump

Important! The deeper the well, the more expensive the pump. This is a regularity. Experts recommend purchasing pumps from manufacturers who have managed to "prove" consumer market the quality of their "children" - Aquario, Wilo, Grundfos, Pedrollo, Unipump, Gileks, Speroni. With a well passport in hand, pick up technically suitable equipment for the water supply of a country house will not be special work- sales assistants in stores will definitely answer all the exciting and dubious questions.

When choosing a unit, you should focus on such basic parameters as pressure and performance.

Worth knowing! You can calculate the required pressure using one simple formula - the depth of the water + forty meters + fifteen percent. Based on the results obtained, you will buy a pump slightly more powerful than required - but this is not harmful. After all, who knows - perhaps after a while you will want to finish building another floor or two in the house.

Pumps are very sensitive to voltage fluctuations in the network, so when organizing water supply in the house with your own hands, be sure to take care of devices and equipment protection equipment.

Why do you need a caisson?

Caisson- an obligatory part of the water supply system of a country estate. It protects the well from pollution and cold, provides the structure with complete tightness.

Installation of a caisson for a well must be performed by professionals, as this is a very important stage

Visually, it is a tank with a lid welded to the casing. It is located in the ground at a depth of about two meters, respectively, to install it, you will have to remove the necessary amount of soil.

Types of storage tanks

Concerning storage tanks, there are two main types: water pressure and hydropneumatic. The latter is more convenient to use. Let's take a closer look at its device.

A hydropneumatic tank is installed on the ground floor or in a heated basement

The hydropneumatic tank is represented by a metal tank (capacity - from one hundred to five hundred liters), inside of which there is a rubber membrane. It divides the volume of the tank into chambers - external air and internal liquid. The "fixer" of the water pressure in the tank is a special relay; when the pressure reaches its minimum value, the device gives a signal to turn on the pump, and at the maximum - to turn it off. If the water is actively disassembled at a particular moment, the pump works “directly”. At the end of the analysis, the unit pumps liquid into the tank to a predetermined maximum pressure and temporarily ceases to function. When the taps in the house are opened again, the water from the tank will first be used up, while the pump continues to be “in standby mode”. As soon as the tank is empty, the equipment is turned on again, etc.

If desired, the tank can be made with your own hands - from steel, observing all dimensions - and equipped necessary pipes, sensors, cranes.

How about pipes?

So that the well can be exploited all year round, pipes to the house should be laid below the freezing depth of the soil. For the Moscow region, this is about one and a half meters.

It must be said that this work represents a certain complexity, therefore, only specialized specialists should perform such service. Customer Service"Complex of ideas" will offer you high quality works and affordable prices. We will be able to plan the maintenance work of the water supply system and the performance of maintenance as efficiently and quickly as possible.

To solve your problem, you can call a specialist. Fill out the form, briefly describe your problem and we will call you back for a consultation.

Customer Reviews

22.11.2017

Many thanks to Denis and Ivan for help with the repair heating system at the dacha SNT Sokol. Everything was done quickly, competently and accurately. It is a pity that they did not immediately contact the "Complex of Ideas". Happy to help "Complex of ideas" in the future, because it is clear that people know their business and can solve problems that arise during the operation of suburban housing.

07.07.2017

In the summer, as a preventive measure, I wanted to flush the heating system. I called a dozen companies, spent a week - either the price is high, or they do not inspire confidence, or some other restrictions. Some said that they would wash for 3 days, removing all the batteries in the house - 50 thousand more were announced.
My wife went on the Internet from her phone and immediately found the site complex-ideas.ru, called, invited. The next day they arrived and in one day they did everything with the help of some special compressor + chemistry. Fast,…

11.02.2017

I thank the employees of the company "Complex of ideas" for the work done. Really saved in New Year!!!

09.01.2017

At the beginning of January 2017, it was very cold in the Moscow region and our gas boiler went out and we could not start it. Before that, he periodically "clapped" and "clicked", but we did not attach any importance to this. And then ... New Year, the whole family is in the country, and the boiler is broken. It's good that the experts "Complex of Ideas" came and solved our problem. Almost freezing :)

I recommend to everyone! The phone numbers of the masters were written with a marker directly on the boiler.

22.09.2016

I want to write a review about the work of an employee of the Complex of Ideas company. When the cold came, there was a problem with the heating boiler in a country house - the error was written by Error, I don’t remember which number. On the phone, they found the very first site on the Internet, called. They came, fixed it, took quite a bit of money. Very prompt, courteous and left only pleasant impressions. It seems the worker's name was Vadim or Vlad - I don't remember exactly =)

07.05.2016

I spent the whole weekend trying to connect a boiler in the country to heat water ... I went to the market 3 times for additional details, rummaged through the entire Internet - I just can’t do it. That does not turn on, then it flows, then something else. I found this site on the Internet, called - they arrived and did in 50 minutes what it took me 2 days to do! I should have called right away. Rest would be better. AT next time I will do so!

16.03.2016

I express my gratitude to the specialist Victor from "Complex of ideas"! He came, fixed our gas boiler, replaced something there - voila, everything worked. I wouldn't have been able to do it myself.

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