The facade of the house is the first thing that guests and passers-by see. From exterior finish buildings largely depends on the opinion that will develop about its owners. Therefore, when planning construction, more and more people are guided not only by practicality, but also by beauty, giving preference to one or another architectural direction. A German-style house is an excellent solution for those who appreciate solidity, simplicity and elegance.

What buildings are popular in Bavaria and other parts of Germany? How to build such houses? Consider the nuances of the design of the facades of buildings in the German style.

Features of a German-style house

The Bavarian or German style of the house implies accuracy and even some austerity of the external design. Its characteristic features include:

• lack of lush decorative elements;
• the severity of the lines;
• practicality;
• use in the decoration of inexpensive materials;
• calm colors.

Each element of the house must comply with these rules. Despite the apparent simplicity, while observing the traditions of the architecture of Western Europe, the building does not look unattractive. German-style country cottages are reminiscent of fairy houses descended from the pages of fairy tales. This effect is enhanced by the neat design of the local area - mowed lawns, ornamental plantings at the porch, hedges.

Walls and roof

If we are talking about the traditional German house style, the most common building shape is a rectangle or square. The walls are made smooth and painted in discreet colors - white, sand, gray. A combination of dark wood (timber) and clay is popular, and the facade can also be decorated with polymer panels, cement-bonded particle boards or bricks. The basement is often trimmed with natural stone.

The roof of a Bavarian-style house is usually gable, without an attic and with wide overhangs. Acceptable color solutions- red, brown, green, blue shades and their variations. Sometimes several similar tones are combined in one coating.

The material for the roof is tile or natural slate (slate). If the house is two-story, under the roof there may be an attic with a fence made of tinted wood, a bay window or a balcony.

Windows and doors

The entrance group and windows, decorated in the German style, should attract attention. The door itself, as a rule, is wooden; in its upper part, glazing with lintels is made. A wooden or stone porch leads to the entrance to the building. Also, a spacious room can be located in front of the door.

Windows are usually rectangular or arched. Each of them consists of several square or rectangular sections, fastened with jumpers. Modern Bavarian style also allows panoramic glazing houses.

If this is combined with the general style of the facade, windows can be complemented by shutters. They perform decorative functions, creating a bright accent and giving the house a rustic cozy look. Sometimes the shutters are covered with carvings and paintings.

half-timbered houses

German-style houses, the projects of which assume the presence of a visible timber frame, are called half-timbered. This type of architecture appeared in Germany in the 15th century and gradually gained popularity in other European countries.

The term fachwerk (fachwerk) means a frame structure. Such houses have a rigid frame of vertical, horizontal and diagonal beams. Initially, the space between the timber was filled with straw, branches and reeds mixed with clay. The frame elements were left open. The remaining surface was plastered, and wealthy citizens decorated the walls with carved wooden panels.

The use of wood as the main building material has given rise to interesting feature half-timbered houses - each floor of the building protrudes forward above the previous one. This design allows rainwater to drain to the ground, protecting walls and foundations from excessive dampness.

Half-timbered houses showed themselves with the best side. The reliability of the technology is evidenced by the fact that in Europe you can still find buildings in this style, built more than 300 years ago.

Other benefits of fachwerk include:

• construction speed;
• high thermal insulation properties;
• cheap materials;
• ease of repair work.

But there are also disadvantages - wood needs to be treated against fungus and mold, materials are flammable, a device is needed forced ventilation. Given the cons frame houses, some owners resort to imitation half-timbered houses.

At the same time, the walls are erected from any modern materials, and the facade is decorated with polyurethane panels that create the impression wooden beams. Thus, the decoration of the house in the German style will look natural, but the building will become more practical.

gothic houses

Gothic in Germany began to develop in the X-XI centuries under the influence of French architecture. german buildings had their own characteristics - strict geometric shapes (usually a rectangle), one or four high towers instead of two, more modest facade decoration, external resemblance to defensive fortresses.

The building material is usually brick or stone. The height of the building is at least 3 floors, the roof is made pointed, the windows are lancet and elongated. Roofing German gothic houses stands out in color, any contrasting combinations are possible - dark tiles and light walls, or vice versa.

Although this style may seem outdated, it is still popular, including in cottage construction. A country house in the Gothic style is a personal fortress, from which it breathes reliability and antiquity. It will look especially organic in the bosom of nature - in a mountainous area or at the edge of a forest.

A Bavarian-style house, whether it is a rustic half-timbered cottage or a sophisticated Gothic fortress, is an example of German quality and practicality. You can be sure that buildings built using proven German technologies will serve more than one generation of owners and will be able to surprise guests with their unusual design.

Useful video about a German-style house

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Since ancient times, German architecture has been famous for its beauty and practicality. As in other countries, it has come a long way from Romanesque and gothic style to high-tech, from castles and half-timbered buildings to ultra-modern buildings. Due to its solidity and economy, German architecture has become the personification of High Quality and rationality. Some elements ancient houses- for example, fachwerk - is still used in the construction of modern buildings. And university students study the works of the famous German designer Ernst Neufert and follow in their work the standards and patterns he found.

House with imitation fachwerk on the facade

The 20th century was a turning point in the history of Germany in general, and in particular in design and architecture, marking a consistent departure from the classics. With the advent of the Bauhaus school in the 1920s, modernism gradually supplanted other architectural styles. The architects abandoned the ornament on the facades, simplified the shape of the buildings, subordinating it to the function. These principles were also reflected in post-war architecture, when designers deliberately avoided any historical analogies and preferred to create "from scratch". The practicality of the building and its efficiency, both during construction and during operation, came to the fore. Architects are actively exploring new materials and technologies to improve energy efficiency and manage the home with ease. In recent decades, projects of "smart" houses with the use of automation and computer technology have been increasingly developed.

The architecture of a private house combines traditional and modern elements: simple form buildings and gable roof appeared in a new interpretation, and zinc roofing, which has long been known in construction, has spread to the entire surface of the house. Klaus Schlossen Architekten

1. Distinctive features of the German house

Private architecture in Germany is quite diverse. As in Russia, here you can find both ultra-modern buildings and quite traditional buildings. In addition, many cities with old houses, which were reconstructed in connection with the new realities of life. If we talk about newly built buildings, then most of them are being built according to standard designs.

Many residents of Germany live in individual cottages in small towns, and go to work in the nearest metropolis. There are both single-family houses (Einfamilienhaus) and duplexes (Zweifamilienhaus). Having studied the German catalogs of private houses for the middle class, we can note general principles designing modern suburban housing in Germany. Practicality, efficiency, rationality - these features that distinguish the entire German architecture as a whole underlie each private project. This approach is manifested both in planning and facade solutions.

The structure of the German house is simple and concise. No frills, no impractical and economically unjustified decorations and architectural elements:

The shape of the houses is close to a square; additional volumes are often attached to it. This can be an entrance group that forms a balcony on the second floor, or a garage attached to the house or connected to it by a covered terrace;

The building consists of two floors, or one floor with an attic;

The roof is most often gable (sometimes four-slope);

There are no turrets in the architecture of the house, but there are bay windows and balconies.

The plan of the building forms a rectangle. It is complemented by the volume of the entrance group, which serves as a balcony on the second floor. Kampa

The project from the "ABC of Construction". Architect Alexey Kilevnik.

Stylistics modern home relies heavily on the principles inherent in functionalism and minimalism. Unlike traditional German half-timbered architecture, functionalism implies a complete absence of rigid canons and the use of new possibilities of modern building materials. The main attention is paid to the function of this or that element. The form is determined by the function, and the facade is determined by the form.

Similar principles are declared in minimalism. Buildings in this style, as a rule, are built according to individual projects, and are more expressive. Ease of execution, lack of decor and embellishments, natural materials in the decoration, a single color scheme, simple geometric shapes - these are the hallmarks of the style. Special attention paid attention to the effects associated with natural light. Therefore, cottages in this style are characterized by the presence of windows on the entire wall and flat roofs with glass pieces.

All this is reflected in the facade solutions of German houses, among which common features can be distinguished:

- balconies, terraces, awnings, large roof extensions, which provide a variety of facade solutions that give the building individuality;

The additional volume of the loggia gives expressiveness to a building that is simple in form. Juretzka Architekten

- large glazing areas, corner and panoramic windows, double-height glazing;

A large area of ​​glazing makes a typical rural house a striking example of a modern private architecture. Landau+Kindelbacher

Lack of decor on the facade;

The use of large undivided planes of a homogeneous material or one color;

Light textured plaster and black wooden planken form an expressive contrast. Drevohaus

Space-planning solutions correspond to the structure of the house and are built according to general principles:

The living room and dining room, as a rule, are combined into a single space;

The kitchen is most often not isolated by solid partitions, but is separated from the common space by a piece of furniture (bar counter, shelving) or a decorative wall. The absence of partitions and corridors, the combination of several functional areas in one space creates a feeling of spaciousness, saves usable space. As a result, prerequisites for interesting interior solutions arise;

A single space of the kitchen-living room in the interior. Landau+Kindelbacher

The total area of ​​the three main functional areas of the main room (living room + dining room + kitchen) is approximately 40-70 m2;

The entrance block is separated by partitions (entrance hall, toilet, wardrobe, stairs);

Ground floor plan in typical house. Kampa

The apparent dryness of rectangular spaces is often enriched with rectangular bay windows - both on one floor and double-height;

On the second floor there are traditionally private apartments (bedrooms, office, bathroom, wardrobe);

All rooms are separated by partitions, most often of a broken shape, for the functional arrangement of furniture, equipment and more. effective use space;

In the layout of the building you can find everything character traits German home. Most of the first floor is occupied by the combined space of the kitchen, dining room and living room. A single-flight staircase leads to the second floor. complex shape bedrooms and bathroom allows you to divide the premises into functional areas. Drevohaus

To move between floors, a single-flight staircase is often used, and a spacious illuminated staircase hall is arranged on the second floor.

A single-flight staircase leads to a lighted hall on the second floor. Klaus Schlossen Architekten

2. Building a house according to a German project

German practicality and rationality often attract future homeowners from Russia. Simple and discreet, and at the same time very functional, German-style houses are very popular. How promising foreign projects are and how they take root on Russian soil is clearly demonstrated by the history of the construction of the "German" house by the Azbuka Stroitelstva company.

House project

Cottage project with total area 219 m2, created by the German architectural and construction bureau, interested our potential customer. In 2009, he took photographs of the exterior and interior of an exhibition model in Germany and turned to ABC Construction with a request to develop an AR (architectural section) and a KR (constructive section) and subsequently build a house according to this project.

Having studied the photographic materials, our specialists analyzed the architectural and space-planning solutions of the cottage, which the customer liked so much. Rectangular in plan, the cottage is crowned with a traditional gable hip roof. Symmetrical facades attract with their purity and clarity. The French windows of the first and second floors lined up in one line give lightness to the end facades with hip gables. On the second floor, the windows are decorated with a metal balcony railing.

Exhibition sample of a German house. Corner rustications in the color of white frontal boards, window and door frames make the facades festive and elegant.

The "visiting card" of the project is two symmetrically located volumes that adjoin the rear facade and together create a U-shaped composition. This is a glazed room. winter garden, combined with the living room, and a covered terrace, access to which is designed from the dining room. With their proportions and the shape of the roof, the extensions repeat the canopy over the porch of the main entrance and form a small patio between them - an isolated cozy space for outdoor family recreation.

A distinctive feature of the layout of the cottage is a light translucent staircase located in the center of the house. This planning "highlight" attracted the attention of the customer.

As the main compositional dominant, the staircase conditionally builds the boundaries of the main functional areas: hall, kitchen, dining room, living room, while providing a view of the entire space. Thanks to light and openwork structures and a wide stair hatch, the hall on the second floor is clearly visible and becomes part of the overall volume, visually expanding it.

An openwork staircase located in the center of the building provides a through view of the entire front space.

As planned by the designers, the staircase does not adjoin the supporting structures and partitions of the building. Like a sculpture, it can be freely walked around from all sides. Thus, the functional object has turned into a kind of core of the house, around which life processes revolve in the literal and figurative sense.

Lightness, airiness and additional volume to the double-height space of the living room are given by five window openings cut into the truncated roof gable. These windows also illuminate the staircase hall on the second floor. Such a detail makes the interior more diverse, and the facade of the building - rich and interesting.

The second floor is attic, but due to the sufficient height of the walls to the roof slope, the space is cozy and functional. The living quarters and bathrooms are equipped with sloped skylights, which not only saturate the space with daylight, but also noticeably enliven the interior.

Skylights make the space on the second floor bright and cozy.

Construction history

By different reasons The "German" project was not implemented. But photographs of the cottage attracted another of our customers. These design solutions almost fully met his requirements and wishes for the organization of the internal space, the composition of the premises and the architecture of the building.

However, the customer wished to make some changes to the design and layout of the building in order to adapt the project to his needs, Russian climatic conditions and the existing building materials market. The construction process was preceded by the design stage, as a result of which the house underwent a number of changes.

The cold climate required a warm vestibule, which turned into a covered terrace of the main entrance. For the same reason, stained-glass glazing of the winter garden was abandoned, replacing it with walls with a large window opening. To increase the living space, I had to abandon the second light in the living room. In its place, an office appeared in the attic. For better lighting five windows were combined into a continuous tape block.

Ribbon attic windows provide good insolation to the office.

The terrace adjoining the dining room also became warm. A home theater was set up in this room. At the request of the customer, in place of the living room on the first floor, our specialists designed a rest room with a steam room, a shower room and a bathroom. A small redevelopment also affected the group of technical premises.

Standard windows with a window sill height of 0.9 m instead of French ones - from floor to ceiling - helped to improve the heat engineering of the house, which is important in winter. On the second floor, the height of the windows remained the same, but here they arranged a balcony with a wooden railing and access from two rooms. A ventilation unit lined with stone appeared on the facade of the house - it runs through outer wall technical room.

The end facade of the house has undergone changes: on the first floor, the height of the windows has decreased, and a balcony has appeared on the second.

For economic reasons and aesthetic preferences of the customer, our architects have shifted the decorative accents in the exterior of the house. Snow-white rustication and architraves were abandoned, and expensive dark facing brick exterior walls were replaced with light-colored bricks. At the same time, to preserve the contrast, window frames, frontal boards and drainage systems were made in dark colors. For more reliable operation of the roof with a large number of valleys and ribs, it was decided to replace metal tiles with bituminous tiles.

Despite all these changes, our designers have retained the artistic image of the cottage, space-planning structure and, of course, main feature interior space - a sculptural staircase in the very center of the house. The construction of the building under this project was carried out by our company in 2010.

The end facade of the house has undergone changes: on the first floor, the height of the windows has decreased, and a balcony has appeared on the second.

Currently, we are actively cooperating with the German architectural and construction bureau Anke Disterheft. Leading specialists and management of Azbuka Stroitelstva often visit Germany, where they exchange experience with German colleagues, improve their skills, study new technologies and materials in construction.

We have accumulated a large number of ideas for design and construction country houses based on German standards and technologies. There is a lot of original literature on German architecture in our office. If you are interested in the material of this article, we are always waiting for you in the ABC of Construction.

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House in the German style: 2 Bavarian currents and 8 rules of arrangement

The German-style house is a luxurious building with light-colored walls and brown wooden beams. The beams are located at different angles and create an interesting appearance. Let's take a closer look at German-style houses.

House design

The peculiarity of such houses is that they do not have load-bearing central elements, since the structure is built using sections. And the space between specific sections is filled with certain building materials:

• clay concrete materials.
• Brick.
• Stone. This option is used quite rarely, but is also used in the German style.

A classic option is a one-story cottage with a pronounced attic, which is comfortably located on the border or second floor. Thus, the owners of the house receive a two-story building.

The first floor includes the territorial arrangement of the living room, dining room and kitchen. Quite often there is also a bathroom for the convenience of residents.

On the second floor, that is, in the attic, there is a bedroom and a children's room. Also, if space permits, you can arrange a bathroom. It is extremely rare to observe the construction and arrangement of three-story houses.

Many construction companies provide services for the construction of turnkey houses. Here you only need to agree on the project and its cost. Of particular interest is the facade of the house.

On the facade can be placed flower pots, hooks for Christmas decorations and even birdhouses. Such elements give additional notes of comfort and friendliness.

Construction features

German-style projects are made from a half-timbered frame. The frame is equipped with three elements:

• Beam. This is a certain size timber, made from materials of natural origin: wood.
• Braces. This wooden bars, which are important to arrange in accordance with the corners.
• Rack. This is a wooden support located in a vertical plane.

For the German style, you need to use braces. They give the house strength and stability. The braces are fastened in accordance with the joints of the existing parts. Such cunning characterizes true German quality.

Types of German houses: 2 styles

The German style of houses can be translated into reality by two main building abilities:

A photo	Description
	half-timbered houses A distinctive feature is the vertical frame. It is combined with cross braces and beams. The alignment is done diagonally. Beams should be painted in a contrasting color to the color of the walls. This results in a magnificent entourage and German expressiveness. The components in such houses are natural stones and plaster.
	gothic houses Such houses have a natural originality. Quite often they are compared with Gothic castles. A pointed roof, as well as elongated windows, make houses much more attractive and refined. The Gothic style often includes brick columns, but they are not only an element of decor, but also serve as a support for the roof, the summer terrace.

Decoration Materials

External finishing is carried out on the basis bavarian style. Where clay walls and wooden beams are observed.

Some projects are created using decorative stone, brick or plastic panels.

Exterior and interior: 8 rules of arrangement

With your own hands, you can easily create unique German interiors, moderately restrained and refined. It is important to know the basic rules:

A photo	Description
	Rule 1. Colors and shades The German style makes extensive use of light shades and pastel colors. All natural materials are endowed with the same shades: clay, stone, wood. Wall decoration should be as natural, neutral and unobtrusive as possible. You can actively use decorative stones, cobblestones, lightly covered with plaster as decorative elements. The interior decor allows the use of wooden beams, equipped on the walls and ceiling.
	Rule 2. Flooring It is actual to use wood as a floor covering. It can be a laminate of any shades and combinations, as well as parquet. For bedrooms, children's and living rooms, you can buy carpets with a low pile. The color scheme is selected in accordance with a single style line. Usually, flooring selected darker than the wall color. In the German style, brown, white and beige scales are actively used.
	Rule 3. Window frames and doors Frames are also better to choose from natural materials. But plastic under a tree is allowed. Imitation of a half-timbered house is well suited, it even allows you to glaze the entire building as a whole. German style is quite demanding on the subtleties of design window frames and entrance doors. It is important that the front door stands out from the background of the house.
	Rule 4. Attic Houses with an attic always look much more attractive and comfortable. In the attic you can create a summer room, flower garden and much more. It is important when arranging the attic to think over the thermal insulation system. It is good to decorate window shutters with bright flowers, for example, petunias. The German style also involves the arrangement of the terrace. Its appearance will look harmonious with plants such as parthenocissus, heather or blackberry. There are benches and tables for evening tea on the terrace. It is important that the pieces of furniture are made of natural material.
	Rule 5. Furniture The furniture is characterized by conciseness, exquisite design and naturalness. Actively use wood, stone. Animal skins or imitation fur are suitable as upholstery. Beds, tables, chairs, wardrobes must be made of wood.
	Rule 6 Accessories Often the German style is compared with Italian interiors. It is important to use natural ingredients. You can apply some elements of Gothic in the interior. For example, cooker stylized as a Gothic oven arch. Place clay pots on the shelves. The German style necessarily contains a variety of fresh flowers, respectively, planted in clay pots.
	Rule 7. Fireplace The highlight of any interior is a fireplace, but the German style cannot be complete without it. If it is not possible to create real fireplace with the pipe out, it can be easily replaced with an electric one. In stores you can find a large assortment of stylized fireplaces. The facing of the fireplace should be natural, as a rule, it is a stone (brick or clay is rarely used).
	Rule 8. Lighting The right option for lighting will be floor lamps, sconces and ceiling lights. It is better if there are natural elements in the decor elements of the lamps. The more lighting inside the space, the better. Large-scale chandeliers stylized as candles look harmonious in this style.

Output

German charm, grace and pedantry are the main qualities that are appropriate to use in house projects. Houses built on the basis of German classical style, differ in functionality, durability and attractiveness.

The video in this article will clearly demonstrate the topic. And if you have any questions, ask them in the comments

February 9, 2018

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Architectural styles inherent Western countries, are now very popular with domestic developers. In elite Russian villages, more and more often you can see houses stylized as French Provence, English classics, luxurious baroque or trendy high-tech. But ordinary homeowners are especially sympathetic to the German style, characterized by a combination of restraint and comfort.

The inhabitants of Germany are known all over the world, first of all, for their practicality and frugality, and these features are also reflected in the architecture of residential buildings. Such buildings at first sight give the impression of reliability and comfort, a special homeliness without any frills.

The German style is characterized by the following features:

• the correct form of houses;
• small windows;
• lack of an attic;
• restrained colors;
• the predominance of natural materials;
• a small amount of facade decor of simple lines.

house architecture

Traditional german house has a rectangular or square shape, and can be one-, two- or three-story. Modern options allow the presence of extensions and some asymmetry of forms, but even in such projects much attention is paid to the correct proportions. To expand the usable space in the houses, an attic, bay windows are equipped, often there is a basement.

The porch at the entrance is usually low, modest in size, with simple wooden railings. The terrace, if any, is quite small, but most often it is absent. Small, geometrically shaped balconies are available in almost every two- and three-story house. In buildings of the classical type, they are always open, but in more modern projects preference is given to balconies closed type, including those with panoramic windows.

Small balconies - a feature of style

The roofs of German houses are most often gable, with wide overhangs, covered with tiles. Roofs of complex configuration or hips are rare, mainly in large mansions with numerous outbuildings.

Entrance doors are rectangular in shape, the upper part can be glazed. The main entrance stands out only in a contrasting color - it is not customary to use another decor. The windows are also rectangular, small, with thin perpendicular lintels. Shutters are rarely used, and even then only as decoration.

Materials for construction and decoration

For the construction of houses in the German style, red brick, natural stone, cinder block and ceramic block are widely used, and for frame structures - glued laminated timber, sandwich panels and DSP. A very common option is when the first floor is built of brick or stone, and the second of wood. Traditional finishes are plaster and paint. The walls are plastered smoothly, textured compositions are used in rare cases. Plinth veneer natural stone or its imitation - this is the most popular way of finishing. For roofing, all types of tiles are used, less often corrugated board.

Color spectrum

German houses are characterized by very restrained colors, and bright accents in the design of the exterior are rare. For walls, they usually choose beige, sand, white, sometimes light green or terracotta. At the same time, wooden decor almost always has a rich dark brown color that contrasts favorably with the walls. Also for contrast shutters and entrance doors may be bright red or blue color. Roof color, depending on the type roofing material, varies from red-brown to dark gray.

This architectural style has several directions, the most significant of which are German Gothic and fachwerk. gothic refers to castle style, and more suitable for luxury mansions. But in Germany there are many small houses, stylized as Gothic and distinguished by an unusually colorful look. They have high pointed roofs with the same pointed canopies over the porch, narrow, vertically elongated windows, and columns at the entrance made of stone or brick. The plinth is also high, lined with roughly hewn stone. All this makes the house visually taller and gives a presentable, outstanding look.

Fachwerk is considered the most famous destination, and for many it is he who personifies the traditional German style. It is very easy to identify half-timbered houses by the wooden beams dividing the facade into small sections. correct form. The beams intersect at right angles and diagonally, creating a kind of decor that is characteristic only of this style. Such houses look solid and unusually colorful, even despite the simplest decoration.

Design features and materials of half-timbered houses

Fachwerk refers to frame construction and today it is the most advanced technology for the construction of wooden frame houses. The basis of the structure is a structure of durable wooden poles, horizontal beams and diagonal braces, and the space between them is filled with various building materials with sufficient heat capacity.

Half-timbered houses - German style

Initially, for the construction of half-timbered houses, ordinary logs and wooden beams of various sections were used, and the sections formed by them were filled with straw mixed with lime and clay (like adobe buildings). Later they began to use stone and burnt bricks, sometimes boards. Now the frame is made of glued laminated timber conifers, and to fill the sections are used modern materials- sandwich panels, DSP, aerated concrete, various heaters. At the same time, the elements of the frame always remain in sight, regardless of the method of finishing the facade.

Such houses have significant advantages:

• the wooden frame has a relatively low weight and does not exert a serious load on the base. This makes it possible to build buildings on shallow foundations, which significantly reduces construction time and material costs;
• in the frame structure it is easy to hide all communications;
• the length of the bars makes it possible to cover large spans, which means interior spaces can be very spacious;
• the technology of fastening and bandaging the beams reduces the risks of the building skew to almost zero;
• half-timbered houses look colorful and impressive, standing out against the background of standard buildings.

True, the half-timbered style also has disadvantages:

• project development and installation of structures requires professional knowledge and skills, and specialist services are very expensive;
• classic half-timbered house is not suitable for northern regions, since the walls in it are not thick enough and cannot provide reliable thermal insulation;
• an open wooden frame needs regular treatment with flame retardants, antifungal and hydrophobic compounds.

In addition to the construction of half-timbered houses, there is a more practical option - exterior finish under fachwerk. Firstly, absolutely any house of a standard form can be styled as fachwerk. Secondly, it is not difficult to perform the simulation on your own, no special knowledge is needed for this. Thirdly, such a finish will be cheaper than, for example, cladding the facade with siding.

Fachwerk style facade decoration

To imitate frame beams, ordinary wooden boards treated with protective glazing compounds can be used.

The rougher the material, the better; false beams made of artificially aged wood look especially impressive. Boards must be at least 10 cm wide and at least 2 cm thick, always smooth, without cracks and rot, with a minimum number of knots. The moisture content of lumber should not exceed 20%.

Polyurethane boards are an excellent alternative to wood. This material does not need to be protected from precipitation, insects and microorganisms do not damage it. Polyurethane is much more durable than wood and less hassle during operation. Polyurethane boards can be bought at any building supermarket, and the choice of such products is quite wide.

Finishing can be done on brickwork, plaster, insulation. If the walls need to be leveled, the sheathing of the DSP house with the subsequent installation of false beams would be an excellent solution.

Preparatory stage

To properly prepare the walls, you must first remove all unnecessary and check the quality of the base. Therefore, the first step is to remove the facade decor (if any), platbands, gutters, lighting devices, and then thoroughly clean the walls from dirt. You can use a metal brush or grinder with an abrasive nozzle. After cleaning, cracks, chips, empty seams in the masonry and other defects are clearly visible on the walls.

Cracks and deep grooves should be sealed with cement mortar, as for small irregularities, they will be hidden under a layer of thermal insulation. If areas affected by the fungus are found, they must be treated with an antifungal compound or any chlorine-containing agent after stripping. After the repair mortar has dried, the walls must be primed, and it is desirable to choose a primer with antiseptic properties and containing a quartz filler.

Warming and plastering

If the walls do not need to be leveled or insulated, you can immediately start finishing. We will consider the option with insulation. One of the popular ways is foam sheathing: the material perfectly retains heat, and the installation process does not require much effort. Styrofoam plates are attached to the glue and additionally fixed with dowels-fungi, for reliability.

Step 1. The lower boundary of the sheathing is determined and a horizontal line is drawn along the perimeter of the house. According to this markup, a starting bar is attached to the dowel-nails, on which the first row of insulation will rest.

Step 2 Stir the mounting glue and begin to fix the foam. The glue is applied in a continuous strip along the perimeter of the sheet and pointwise in the center, after which the foam is applied to the wall, leveled and pressed. Be sure to check its location with a level to prevent distortions.

Step 3 Each next sheet is attached close to the previous one so that there are no gaps. The installation of the second row is carried out with an offset of the vertical seams, for which the first sheet in the row is cut in half. In the same way, the remaining rows are mounted, periodically checking their horizontal level with a level.

Step 4 After the glue dries, the insulation is fixed with fungal dowels, drilling neat holes in the center and in the corners of each sheet. The dowel caps must be slightly recessed so that they do not protrude beyond the plane of the foam. Next, the irregularities at the joints are cleaned, the gaps are blown out with foam, if they are nevertheless formed, priming the entire surface.

Trimming excess foam

Step 5 Knead a fresh adhesive solution and apply with a notched trowel over the foam. A reinforcing mesh is laid on the solution, smoothed with a spatula, deepening several millimeters into the thickness of the mixture. The mesh sheets are overlapped with each other and carefully leveled so that the joints are not visible. After the surface has dried, grout sandpaper medium grit.

Step 6 The plaster mortar is prepared and applied to the walls in a thin and even layer. Special care is needed here, since any flaw will be clearly visible. When the plaster sets, it must be rubbed with a metal or polyurethane trowel.

Finally, the walls need to be painted. It will be difficult to do this after installing the decor, because you will have to paste over each board with masking tape so as not to stain it with paint. The color for the walls must be selected taking into account the color of the boards, because they must contrast with each other. The classic fachwerk implies light walls and a dark frame, this combination is more harmonious.

Fachwerk imitation

Step 1. First, you should draw a sketch of the facade on paper and consider the location of the decor elements.

In traditional half-timbered houses, the lower part is surrounded by a solid beam, which is called a strapping. Bars must be installed at the corners of the facade, and to strengthen the structure, they are rigidly fastened with bracing (corner mans). If the wall is more than 6 m wide, another one is installed in the center vertical beam with braces on both sides - the central man. Strapping beams are also attached to the upper part of the walls and between floors.

An important element of the half-timbered house is the "St. Andrew's Cross" - two diagonal planks fastened in the form of the letter "X". Most often it is located above and below window openings. Crossbars provide additional rigidity to the frame - short horizontal crossbars between the uprights.

Advice. Fachwerk imitation does not require exact observance of these conditions, because false beams are not subjected to any load. At the same time, well-placed elements create a more believable look and bring the finish closer to true German style.

Step 2 After working out the sketch, it is necessary to mark up directly on the wall. Vertical and horizontal lines carried out strictly according to the level, because even small deviations will be noticeable from afar. Having completed the markup, it is necessary to prepare the boards: first they are cut according to measurements in length, the ends are cut at an angle at the braces, and treated with protective compounds.

Step 3 Each element is carefully coated with impregnation on all sides and dried in air. Next, 1-2 layers of dark-colored paint are applied: traditionally, in half-timbered houses, the beams are painted in dark brown and black, which effectively contrast with light plaster. Instead of impregnation and paint, you can take a glazing antiseptic with a dark shade of color - it will not only provide reliable protection, but also retain the natural texture of the tree.

Advice. Strict restrictions on color scheme there is no frame, and there are houses with red beams, dark blue, light brown. The most important thing is that the boards do not merge in color with the walls, because then the whole meaning of the finish disappears.

Step 4 They take the first board, apply it to the wall and mark the attachment points along the marking line. Putting the decor aside, they drill holes in the wall, remove dust, and fix the false beam in place with the help of dowel-nails. The rest of the elements are fixed in the same way, carefully aligning along the marked lines until the layout is completed. The caps of the fasteners must be recessed into the tree by 1-2 mm so that they do not protrude above the surface.

Option to use decorative boards with dowels

Step 5 To improve the aesthetic appearance, the recesses in the fasteners should be sealed with a waterproof sealant. For these purposes, an acrylic-silicone composition is perfect, which has excellent adhesion and resistance to deformation. Sealant can be matched by color or painted over after it dries.

So, quite economically, you can give your home a completely new look. Here you can experiment with color, wood texture, layout options. The main thing is to do everything as carefully as possible and strictly observe the proportions, otherwise it will all look more comical than attractive.

Video - German-style houses

Video - Finishing a country house in the German style

Video - German-style house

Video - Fachwerk facade decoration

Monday, 25 February 2019 12:00

romario

Recently, when building a house, much attention has been paid to its appearance. And it's not just about interior decoration – great importance also has external design Houses.

Do not forget about the facade, because modern designers can offer a huge number of solutions that will be able to make your home truly original. It should be noted that in the German style are quite rare. The facade of the house will emphasize the taste, features and habits of the owner. If you are determined that you want to make your home unique with a facade, then you will need to decide on its style, and then on the material. When choosing a style, you should pay attention to the surrounding area: if the houses nearby have a design different from your facade, then no matter how beautiful it is, it will not fit well into the overall picture. After you decide on all the points, you can get to work.

One of best solutions The facades of the houses are modest and original German style. We note that German architecture has always been famous for its attractive appearance and economy. That is, for finishing you do not need a lot of material.
Such houses are usually built in the form of a rectangle or square, which achieves a rich appearance. But further, the German style is not distinguished by a smooth surface: since ancient times, decorative stone has been used for home improvement, which, by the way, is a key material. Now in Germany you can often find houses in which the basement is lined with this stone.
Windows are made in the form of rectangles or arches. The windows are divided by small jumpers into several sections. Doors are selected depending on the color of the decorative stone. The roof, as a rule, is also painted in a color similar to the facade.
Here it is worth noting an important point: any house, no matter how it was originally built, can be converted to the German style. The most important thing is to choose the right building material of a certain color.

Fachwerk style is the latest fashion trend for the construction of residential buildings. The peculiarity of this style is that small boards are installed vertically, horizontally and diagonally throughout the house, which create an imitation of wooden beams. It is worth noting that the creation of such a style often costs the owners a pretty penny. It is also recommended to contact professional designer that can create a great style to match your home.

Of the advantages, it is worth noting that such houses will always stand out with originality. Wooden boards are quite easy to assemble, because they are quite light and are assembled according to the type of designer. Every separate house has its own dimensions, so the boards are made to order.
However, a German-style half-timbered house still has a couple of drawbacks:

• the design is short-lived - it will last you about 20 years, after which it will have to be replaced;
• imitating beams create poor thermal insulation.

But if you think about it then modern technologies do not stand still, and perhaps in a few years half-timbered houses will completely lose their shortcomings. Even though they are so small. You can also experiment by adopting some small features from such styles as, and "hi-tech". This will allow you to create a truly unique and inimitable facade.