Red gall aphid control measures. gall aphid

Aphids are one of the most malicious pests of garden and indoor plants, with which almost every summer resident or florist is familiar with firsthand. Indeed, due to their fertility, insects settle on summer cottages huge colonies. Using plant sap as food, they are able to destroy entire gardens or fields. This article will tell you more about the pest.

Description of the insect

Hope that the meeting with dangerous enemy garden and garden will not happen, all the same it is not worth it. It is better to arm yourself with knowledge and find out what aphids look like in order to prevent the possibility of harm.

• The aphid is a small insect whose size does not exceed 8 mm. Individuals living on indoor plants, much less than about 0.5 mm.
• Depending on the species, the soft transparent body of a tiny pest may be in the form of a drop, oval or ellipse.
• The color of the aphid corresponds to the tone of the plant on which the insect lives. Often there are black, green, red, pink or completely transparent individuals.
• On the bumpy surface there are outgrowths and hairs of various density and length.
• Antennae are located on the trapezoidal head. They consist of several segments and serve as organs of hearing and touch.
• Thanks to complex compound eyes, which are black, red or brown, aphids are the owners of clear vision.
• The mouth of the aphid is a small proboscis, with which the insect makes a puncture in sheet plate and sucks the juice out of it.

Interesting!

Thanks to well-developed visual perception, aphids can even distinguish some colors.

Insects move with the help of three pairs of long legs, which also perform jumping functions. Depending on the conditions of existence, there are aphids with and without wings. Moreover, a certain type of activity in a given colony is assigned to each individual. The presence of wings is not a sexual sign, so the winged aphid can be both female and male. Distinctive feature wingless individuals are 3 additional simple eyes. A photo of aphids is presented below.

The abdomen is divided into 9 segmented parts. On the first seven spiracles are located. On the subsequent segments there are nipple tubes that perform excretory and secretory functions. The last segment is underdeveloped and looks like a hairy tail.

Nutrition

Pests live in large colonies. Settling on the plant, they primarily affect the leaves and young shoots. Aphids also eat flower buds, roots and stems of plants. As a result, plantings weaken and gradually wither. Insects do not disdain any vegetation. Only certain types aphids have a preference for certain types of trees, shrubs, or grasses.

Quite often they coexist with. The fact is that fall (sweet viscous liquid, which aphids secrete during their life) - this is what the ant eats and loves very much. It is for this reason that garden goosebumps protect small pests from natural enemies: hoverflies and.

reproduction

With the advent of warm days, a wingless female emerges from the aphid egg laid in the autumn in the bark of a tree, which becomes the founder of the colony. In the spring at favorable conditions the female aphid, reproducing parthenogenetically, gives life to similar virgin individuals.

On a note!

Aphid parthenogenesis is a form of sexual reproduction during which eggs in adult females develop without mating with males.

It is also surprising how long such an individual lives - for her relatively short life, and a virgin female lives no more than a month, she manages to reproduce several thousand similar creatures into the world.

Aphid larvae are similar to adults. They grow quickly, undergoing several molts. After two weeks, the young individual is already becoming sexually mature. Thus, the number of the colony increases several times. When it reaches a critical size, females with wings are born. Flying to other plants, they give life to new colonies. And only with the onset of autumn, the population is replenished with full-fledged females and males. After mating, females lay eggs, which overwinter and give rise to a new cycle.

What are the types of aphids

Insects are representatives of the Hemiptera order, in which there are about 4 thousand species (about a thousand live on the European continent). All varieties of aphids prefer warm and moist climatic conditions, which allow you to increase your population several times. Under unfavorable conditions, pest colonies can simply die. Below are the most common types of pests.

domestic aphid

Room aphid, or as it is also called "home", includes several subspecies that differ in body color. There is a red aphid, as well as individuals of white, black or green color. This pest is especially well known to lovers of home flowers. They know .

Mealy aphid

The mealy aphid is a cream-colored insect with an oval-shaped body with bristles on the sides. The surface of the body is covered with snow white coating. Powdery aphids suffer from indoor and greenhouse plants, as well as citrus and. The presence of insects gives off a whitish tint that covers the leaves of the plant. This contributes to the deformation of the stem, drying and falling of leaves and buds.

potato aphid

Wingless individuals, the oval body of which is colored red or green color. An insect up to 4 mm long has long antennae and a tail. This species is remarkable in that it is adapted to low temperatures. These insects are fed vegetable crops: potatoes, beets or. AT winter time of the year potato aphid prefers to settle on indoor and greenhouse plants.

On a note!

You can detect a pest by the spots left by it, dried mesh or mold in places of large accumulation of honeydew.

cherry aphid

This type of aphid differs from its counterparts in a brilliant black color. Pests live predominantly, with the latter plant being more vulnerable. Eggs hibernate in buds and on tree branches; with the advent of spring, females appear from them - the founders of the colony.

Black aphids are especially active on young shoots and foliage in spring time of the year. With the advent of summer, the surface of the plants coarsens, which leads to the death of most of the colony. However, up to this point, insects manage to cause enormous damage. fruit plants: growth retardation, the formation of fewer fruit buds, small and non-juicy fruits. Cherry aphid-infested trees are more susceptible to disease and less resistant to frost.

grain aphid

This species is an inhabitant of the steppe and forest-steppe zones; individuals also settle in fields sown with wheat, rye, barley or millet. The presence of insects during the period when the ear is not yet formed leads to the fact that the plants remain practically uneared. If pollination has already taken place, the grains are formed light and most often empty.

cabbage aphid

It is a wingless insect, the size of which does not exceed 2.5 mm. The body, covered with a grayish wax coating, has an ovoid shape and a yellow-green color.

Aphids lay their eggs for wintering in cabbage leftovers left on the site. By mid-spring, larvae appear from them, which, like adults, feed on plant sap. What inhibits the growth and development of a cabbage head.

apple aphid

There are 3 types of insects that threaten:

• Red (bloody) - the most dangerous type of aphid, whose representatives affect root system trees.
• Gray aphid - lives mainly on apple trees and hawthorn during the formation of leaves. From which only the foliage that has appeared is twisted, and the damage sites are covered with a characteristic dark red color. This leads to shedding of ovaries and stunting of damaged young shoots, as a result of which they do not survive in frosts.
• Green aphid - is a danger not only to apple trees, it also affects pear, shadberry and mountain ash. The areas damaged by aphids begin to turn black, and soot fungus appears on the branches.

leaf aphid

Leaf or grass aphids are active only in the summer, preferring young plants. She sucks the juice out of them, as a result of which the leaves and branches are deformed, which can even lead to the death of the seedling. It also settles on lawn and indoor flowers.

On a note!

The female winged flying aphid is yellow with a lemon tint, the wingless individuals are brown in color. It is this type of aphid that ants graze.

tobacco aphid

Tobacco (peach or greenhouse) aphid lives on tobacco, peach, almonds, and other plants. She settles on them at the very beginning of spring.

The peach aphid has a yellow-green color that camouflages it well on damaged plants. As a result of the presence of insects, the leaves turn yellow and become lifeless. Honeydew, which the pest releases in the process of life, leads to the appearance of a soot fungus, and subsequently to shedding of foliage. If you do not take timely measures to combat aphids, you can lose a large part of the crop.

To combat these insidious insects, there are good ones. If there is no desire to use chemicals, you can use those that have proven themselves in business.

Hello, please tell me how to deal with red currant disease. We have had it since 2000, but I saw this for the first time last summer. Red pimples appeared on the branches, and red swellings appeared on the leaves. She looked at the leaves and found no one there. What is this disease and what are the causes of its occurrence? How to treat bushes? Help, I beg you. Thank you very much in advance!

Sincerely, your reader Elena Tsvirko, Nesvizh district.

Dear Elena! Leaf gall aphids have settled on your bushes, which mainly affects young leaves of red, white and black currants. Causes the formation of cherry-red galls on the leaves.

The pest hibernates in the stage of eggs laid in autumn on the bark of young shoots near the buds. The larvae hatch during bud break. In spring and early summer, a wingless generation appears, and later - winged females, capable of flying over considerable distances. In July, when shoot growth stops, aphids migrate to herbaceous wild and weed plants, and in September they return to currants to lay eggs.

Control measures

With a strong development of aphids, during the period of bud break before currant flowering, and also after harvesting, the bushes should be sprayed with one of the following insecticides: actellik (15 ml per 10 l of water) or novaktion (5 ml / 10 l of water).

After flowering, insecticidal solutions of the following phytoncidal plants can also be used to control aphids:

• infusion of marigolds - place dry crushed plants in an enameled ten-liter bucket (1/2 bucket), top up with warm water to the brim and insist for 2 days, then strain and add 40 g of laundry soap. Spraying is carried out only until the first signs of berry ripening and resume after harvest;
• tobacco infusion - take 400-800 g of shag or tobacco dust, pour 10 liters of water, preferably hot, and insist for two days. Then strain the infusion through a sparse cloth and carefully squeeze out the sediment. Dilute the resulting liquid in 10 liters of water and add 100 g of laundry soap;
• tomato infusion - 4 kg of chopped fresh or 2 kg of dry tops, pour 10 liters of water and boil over low heat for 30 minutes. After cooling, strain the broth. For spraying, for every 10 liters of water, take 2 - 3 liters of decoction and add 40 g of soap. The resulting infusion can also be used to combat ticks, herbivorous bugs, cabbage white caterpillars, moths, codling moth, cabbage scoop, meadow borer, rapeseed sawfly larvae, cruciferous fleas, to scare away the gooseberry sawfly and moth;

• infusion of garlic - 0.5 kg of garlic cloves finely chopped, grind, put in a glass three-liter jar, fill with water at room temperature. Leave to infuse in a dark place and strain after 5 days. For spraying against aphids, it is enough to take 60 g of this for 10 liters of water. garlic infusion and 50 g of soap. You can use dry leaves and husks of garlic (100 - 150 g), infuse them in 10 liters of water for 24 hours. Infusion to use immediately after preparation;
• infusion of capsicum red - cut 1 kg of raw fruits and pour 10 liters of water, boil for 1 hour in a closed enameled bowl, leave for 2 days, strain, bottle, store in a cool and dark room. To prepare a working solution, take 125 - 150 ml of concentrate per 10 liters of water and add 30 - 40 g of soap. The resulting solution can also be used to combat suckers, slugs, thrips, and moths.

The leaf gall aphid is ubiquitous. Outwardly, it is not much different from other members of the family. An adult reaches a size of 3 mm. It has an ovoid shape, the body is painted in a greenish tint, yellowish, red - it adapts to the tone of the leaves.

During the season, depending on the weather, the aphid gives from 4 to 19 generations. Pests become active in early spring almost immediately after the snow melts. Initially, weeds are affected, but gradually they move to currants. Pests hide on the back of the leaves, spend their entire lives on one shrub.

On a note!

Red gall aphid is a viviparous individual. Most of the females in the colony are virgins. They give birth to their own kind without mating. A certain proportion of insects are full-fledged males, females, when mating, aphids with wings appear that can migrate to other plants.

Signs of defeat

The leaf gall aphid feeds on currant juices. Initially, it may seem that the plant is sick. Deformed leaves appear with pimples, growths, spots. Looking closer, you can see a colony of small insects on the back of the leaves.

Red aphid violates the integrity of the platinum sheet, leads to deformation, gradual death. With a strong infection, the gall aphid moves to young shoots and inflorescences. Flowers fall, fruits do not form. As a result, this leads to a decrease in productivity. Below in the photo you can see what the affected leaf looks like and the pests themselves on the currant.

The lack of proper measures threatens the spread of the pest throughout the garden, garden plot. With insufficient food, aphids calmly populate other crops. You can process currants from gall aphids, or use mechanical methods fight for the destruction of harmful insects.

Control and prevention

Folk recipes

Methods of dealing with folk remedies are used in the midst of the growing season of the plant - the formation of buds, fruits. Apply chemical substances prohibited. Aphid gall remedies are made from simple ingredients that are often found in the household.

• The simplest, but effective option is. Diluted in water laundry soap, tar, green. The treatment of the bush is carried out by spraying.
• Dilute ash in water, add soap.
• To repel pests, a solution of fragrant spices is prepared. Mix cinnamon, red, black pepper. Ash is added to improve efficiency. Pour in soapy water.
• Add table water either. The repellent effect lasts as long as the smell is present.
• are filled with water. Leave to infuse for a day. A little soap is introduced before use.
• grind, add liquid. After a day, strain, combine with a soap base.

To ensure the protection of currants, not to bother with the preparation of funds, marigolds, peppermint, and calendula are planted in close proximity to the bushes. Persistent aroma of these plants will become sewn up for the whole garden, vegetable garden.

professional tools

Preparations against gall aphids protect the bush from 20 to 60 days after a single treatment. The active ingredients are absorbed by the tissues of the plant, so rain and dew do not affect the effectiveness. However, if it started to rain 2 hours after spraying the bushes, the procedure should be repeated.

On a note!

Effective means, Aktellik, Karbafos. You can use any insecticidal drug from garden, garden pests.

On blackcurrant, red, biological preparations are used that do not contain chemical components, but protect only for 14 days. It is allowed to apply at any stage of the growing season of the plant, but no later than 10 days before harvesting. Among these drugs, Inta-Vir is in special demand.

Seed propagation in the garden strawberry familiar to us, unfortunately, leads to the appearance of less productive plants and weaker bushes. But another type of these sweet berries - alpine strawberries, can be successfully grown from seeds. Let's learn about the main advantages and disadvantages of this crop, consider the main varieties and features of agricultural technology. The information presented in this article will help you decide whether it is worth giving her a place in the berry.

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Scotch eggs are amazing! Try to cook this dish at home, there is nothing difficult to prepare. Scotch eggs are hard-boiled eggs wrapped in chopped meat breaded in flour, egg and breadcrumbs and deep fried. For frying, you need a frying pan with a high rim, and if you have a deep fryer, then it's just great - even less hassle. You will also need deep-frying oil so as not to smoke the kitchen. Choose farm eggs for this recipe.

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Chickpea curry with meat - a hearty hot dish for lunch or dinner, inspired by indian cuisine. This curry is quick to prepare, but requires pre-preparation. Chickpeas need to be soaked in in large numbers cold water for several hours, preferably at night, the water can be changed several times. It is also better to leave the meat in the marinade overnight so that it turns out juicy and tender. Then you should boil the chickpeas until tender and then cook the curry according to the recipe.

Rhubarb can not be found on everyone garden plot. It's a pity. This plant is a storehouse of vitamins and can be widely used in cooking. What is not prepared from rhubarb: soups and cabbage soup, salads, delicious jam, kvass, compotes and juices, candied fruits and marmalade, and even wine. But that's not all! A large green or red rosette of plant leaves, reminiscent of burdock, acts as a beautiful backdrop for annuals. Not surprisingly, rhubarb can also be seen in flower beds.

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3 delicious sandwiches - cucumber sandwich, chicken sandwich, cabbage sandwich with meat - great idea for a quick bite or for a picnic in nature. Only fresh vegetables, juicy chicken and cream cheese and some spices. There is no onion in these sandwiches, if you wish, you can add an onion marinated in balsamic vinegar to any of the sandwiches, this will not spoil the taste. Having quickly prepared snacks, it remains to collect a picnic basket and go to the nearest green lawn.

Depending on the variety group, the age of seedlings suitable for planting in open ground, is: for early tomatoes - 45-50 days, medium ripening - 55-60 and late terms - at least 70 days. When planting seedlings of tomatoes at a younger age, the period of its adaptation to new conditions is significantly extended. But success in obtaining a high-quality crop of tomatoes also depends on the careful implementation of the basic rules for planting seedlings in open ground.

unpretentious plants The “second plan” of sansevieria does not seem boring to those who appreciate minimalism. They are better than other indoor decorative foliage stars for collections that require minimal maintenance. Stable decorative effect and extreme endurance of only one type of sansevieria are also combined with compactness and very fast growth - Khan's rosette sansevieria. The squat rosettes of their stiff leaves create striking clusters and patterns.

One of the brightest months garden calendar pleasantly surprises with the balance of the distribution of favorable and unsuccessful days for working with plants according to lunar calendar. Gardening and gardening in June can be done throughout the month, while the unfavorable periods are very short and still allow you to do useful work. There will be their optimal days for sowing with plantings, and for pruning, and for a pond, and even for construction work.

Meat with mushrooms in a pan is an inexpensive hot dish that is suitable for a regular lunch and for holiday menu. Pork will cook quickly, veal and chicken too, so this meat is preferable for the recipe. Mushrooms - fresh champignons, in my opinion, the most successful choice for homemade stew. Forest gold - mushrooms, boletus and other goodies are best harvested for the winter. Boiled rice or mashed potatoes are ideal as a side dish.

I love ornamental shrubs, especially unpretentious and with an interesting, non-trivial foliage color. I have different Japanese spireas, Thunberg barberries, black elderberry ... And there is one special shrub that I will talk about in this article - the viburnum vesicle. To make my dream of a low maintenance garden come true, it's probably the perfect fit. At the same time, it is able to diversify the picture in the garden very much, moreover, from spring to autumn.

Aphids are common name about four thousand species of sucking insects distributed throughout the Earth. Leaf aphids or plant lice- small soft-bodied insects, inhabit large colonies of leaves and shoots of various fruit species, from which they suck juices.

berry bushes damaged by some types of aphids. Leaves damaged by aphids shrivel, curl, shoots are bent and often die. On currants and gooseberries, two types of aphids are mainly harmed: gooseberry aphids and redcurrant aphids, while raspberries are damaged by raspberry aphids.

The leaves damaged by aphids are deformed, the shoots are bent, and if redcurrant aphids are damaged, reddish swellings form on the upper side of the leaves. Aphids can be carriers of viral diseases, especially raspberries. The biology of these aphids is similar.

The body of aphids is ovoid-rounded, from light yellow to light green. Eggs are black, larvae are greenish.

In all species of aphids, eggs hibernate on branches, usually near the buds. In early spring, during the period of bud break, larvae emerge from the eggs, which move to young leaves and suck the juices out of them. In the middle of summer, winged individuals appear in aphid colonies - female settlers, which, scattering, give rise to new colonies of pests.

Leaf aphids or plant lice control measures

1. In case of severe infection, the destruction of wintering eggs by spraying the bushes until the buds swell with nitrafen (200 g per 10 l of water), preparations No. 30 (300 g per 10 l of water) or oleocuprite (400 g per 10 l of water).
2. During the growing season (from bud break to flowering), with severe infection and immediately after flowering, the plants are sprayed with karbofos (75 g of 10% a.e. or s.p. per 10 l of water), trichlormetaphos (50-100 g 10 % a.e. per 10 l of water), rovikurt (10 g of 25% a.e.; 25 g of 10% a.e. or s.p.; 50 g of 5% a.e. or s.p. per 10 liters of water).

   Instead of insecticides, especially after flowering, it is recommended to use infusions and decoctions of tobacco, tops of tomatoes, yarrow, mustard and other insecticidal plants. Some amateur gardeners against aphids use a 3% soap solution (300 g per 10 liters of water).