Storage tank for cold water with a float. Water storage tanks

Ecology of consumption. Homestead: Some of us have experienced a situation such as filing cold water by the hour. This problem you can decide on your own. It is enough to install a cold water storage tank.

Some of us have encountered such a situation as the supply of cold water by the hour. Of course, this state of affairs of water consumers is not at all satisfied, to put it mildly. Local authorities sometimes find a thousand reasons to explain why water cannot be supplied around the clock. You can solve this problem yourself. It is enough to install storage tank for cold water.

The idea is simple - during the centralized water supply according to the schedule, the storage tank is replenished cold water, and when the consumer is turned off, cold water from the storage tank enters all points of water intake. Thus, the larger the tank capacity, the longer the water consumer will not feel discomfort from the hourly water supply. The backup water supply system can be used both in summer cottages and at home.

The first step in designing a system such as uninterrupted water supply system, - determination of the required capacity of the storage tank. For this purpose, you need to find out the daily consumption of cold water in your family. As a rule, the capacity of the storage tank is equated to this value. In principle, you have the right to create a three-day supply of water. storage tank for cold water you can purchase from 80 l to 1500 l (for domestic conditions).

The next task that the uninterrupted water supply system solves is the supply of water from the storage tank to the points of water intake. To do this, you need to create pressure. It can be organized as naturally(the water tank is moved to the roof and insulated to protect against winter frosts), and artificial - by connecting an electric pump. Residents of high-rise buildings do not always have the opportunity to place a storage tank for cold water on the roof (or an insufficient level of water pressure at the outlet of the tank with such an organization), so the electric pump is necessary element system such as a water supply system.

In order to choose a pump to connect to the system, the indicator of the average daily water consumption is also useful. It must be converted into such a dimension of water consumption as the number of liters per minute, and also calculate the maximum level of water consumption in the system if all water points work simultaneously. For example, the washing machine is turned on (maximum water consumption, liters per minute, is indicated in the device passport), and the shower in the bathroom is turned on (you can navigate by the cold water meter), the water tap in the kitchen is open to wash dishes, etc.

The maximum possible water pressure at the outlet of the electric pump is indicated in the equipment passport (liters per minute). Of course, when choosing a suitable surface electric pump, it is necessary to focus on the indicator of the maximum possible water consumption by all points of water intake, otherwise the pump pressure may not be enough.

In addition, the backup water supply system (the diagram is shown in the figure) must be provided with appropriate automation (meaning a dry-running relay). If the cold water storage tank is empty, the dry-running relay should stop the operation of the electric pump. It would be better if, in addition to the main function - protection against dry running, the automation will perform another one - turn on the pump only if the draw-off point (tap with water) is opened. Thus, the electric power necessary for operation of the pump will be spent extremely economically.

Rice. 1. Scheme of the backup water supply system

A necessary element of the system is a float (float valve). Its task is to stop the water supply to the storage tank if it is full.

Another important element of the system is the presence of a main fine filter at the inlet (a polypropylene cartridge is used). The specified element will contribute to the purification of cold water at the inlet to the system, protect the storage tank from the accumulation of various mechanical contaminants. If desired, you can also add a filter to remove hardness salts, as well as a carbon filter to remove chlorine, which are commonly used in reverse osmosis systems. Just keep in mind that adding each such element will lead to a decrease in water pressure at the inlet to the system.

Other piping elements (faucets, check valves, pipes) are indicated in the diagram. Which fittings are needed depends on the size of the pipes used and the inlets and outlets of the connected equipment. The uninterruptible water supply system can be mounted using both plastic and metal-plastic pipes.

That's basically it. Good luck! published If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to specialists and readers of our project.

Plastic tanks are made of durable food-grade polyethylene, which has excellent frost resistance characteristics. The latter makes it possible to place such tanks on outdoors without fear of damage to the container when it freezes inside the water. Currently, on sale you can find a variety of storage tanks that are designed to store water and differ in their size. If you plan to install such a container in an apartment or inside a private house, then the optimal volume is 100-200 liters. For outdoor installation, you can choose larger tanks that can hold up to 1000 liters.

Tank overview

If you are looking for such a plastic tank for installation in a private house or on suburban area we can recommend you the Elgad CV 500D model. Such a tank is made of high quality plastic, has a volume of 500 liters and is intended for storing clean drinking water and diesel fuel. This cylindrical container has a screw cap and is highly resistant to aggressive substances. This product does not change physical properties liquids that are stored in it. This is achieved through the use of environmentally friendly food-grade plastic. It is only necessary to take into account the fact that such tanks are not designed to work under high pressure. The operating range is from -40 to +50 degrees.

Plastic water tanks of the AQUATEK ATP 1000 model are equipped with a special float, which makes it easy to control the water level in the tank. The tank has a rectangular shape and is great for indoor installation. They are made of high strength polyethylene, which allows for rigidity and resistance to stress. Such a tank has a volume of 1000 liters and is intended for floor mounting indoors.

Often, a water storage tank is needed for a house. When supplying water using a pump from a well or from a well, the system must similar device- hydraulic accumulator. He is the #1 helper for the pump. When supplied from a central water conduit, a hydraulic accumulator, strictly speaking, is not needed. But in both cases, the owners are not averse to acquiring a supply of water in the storage tank in the volume of 250 liters. Let's consider how this is achieved.

Water supply in the house - how much

Many agree that the average suitable amount of water in the storage tank is 250 liters. This is enough for mass flow, for example, for washing the car and cleaning, for filling the bath ... At the same time, the water will not stagnate, it will be exchanged faster and fresh portions will arrive. 150 - 200 liters is usually not enough (but with good well will do), especially if water is not often supplied to the house from the conduit - once a day or less. In this case, it is recommended to choose a volume closer to 300 liters.

Which storage tank to choose

Stainless steel metal or enameled water storage tanks are expensive. They are mainly used for storing a large stock hot water. For cold water, tanks (with a food sign) made of polypropylene are more suitable. But here it is important to choose a quality thing, not made of “smelling plastic”, which is only suitable for purely technical water.

Such storage tanks are equipped with one large neck and can be different forms. More often, plastic containers for use as a water storage tank are chosen squat, with a large footprint.

Typical installation locations and piping schemes for water storage tanks

You can do it simply and install a water storage tank in the back room, in the bathroom under the ceiling. It can be suspended on cables to solid floor beams, or on a welded stand.
Water supply - tie at the top, here is a control descent into the sewer, tie at the bottom - water intake.
From the tank, a trickle in the taps will always be provided by gravity.

A variety of ways to install a more reliable storage tank ...

You can increase the height by a meter - another and install a water tank in the attic (attic). If it is not heated, then it is easy to achieve non-freezing by covering it in a foam plastic casing ( wooden frame glued) which mates with the insulation of the floor. Under the tank, everything that significantly interferes with the access of heat from the house is directly removed. You can automate the filling of the water tank with a float switch, which is also achieved independently.

Installation on the floor or in the basement. Here you need a pump, which will create pressure in the water intake network. It usually turns on with a button. It is also possible that it is equipped with its own hydraulic accumulator and switch-on relay, which greatly simplifies the use of water from the tank.

Water is supplied to the house from a tank using a pump with an accumulator.

Hydraulic accumulator

The hydraulic accumulator not only provides rare switching on of the supply pump, but can also serve as a water reserve. The larger the device, the better, but the price also increases significantly. It is important that it can store water drinking quality- sealed system. The usual scheme for the house is a pump - a filter - a hydraulic accumulator - food water. The second branch is also connected here after the pump - a storage tank, which is filled under human control, but the analysis can be organized in any way, including with an additional pump.

Installation of an intermediate water storage in cold water. The tank is filled manually, after turning on the inlet valve (and the pump in the well ...) The analysis is equipped with a pump with a hydraulic accumulator for the same network.

water heater

Often in houses, as well as in apartments, without further ado, electric water heaters are installed. closed type, which also serve as water storage just in case. Installation is simple, but warm water maybe outside heating season regardless of heating...

The storage tank eliminates the problem of lack of water due to interruptions in the work of the central water supply or a power outage if a booster pump was used.

In this article, read about the types of storage tanks and how to choose the right one.

Using the storage tank

A storage tank is a reservoir with a supply of water that acts as a hydraulic accumulator. Its main task is to maintain the consumer's water supply in an uninterrupted mode when the central source stops working.

In the apartment

Each apartment owner high-rise building faced with a shutdown of the water supply or with the supply of water by the hour. The inhabitants of the upper floors are also familiar with weak pressure due to low pressure. A storage tank can be a solution to water problems.

The design idea is that during a proper water supply, the tank is filled, and when the pressure drops or the water supply is turned off, water from the storage is sent to all water intake points of the apartment.

The size of the tank for an apartment is recommended to be chosen in the range of 100-200 liters. This is enough to meet the primary needs of an average family of three for a period of several hours to a day. A tank with a float is usually used, which allows you to maintain an optimal water level.

The volume of the tank is selected individually, based on the area of the apartment, the size of the family, the frequency of interruptions in water supply, etc.

In home

In private houses with centralized water supply, a similar situation develops with water supply. The water consumption in the house, as a rule, is more, because the territory usually has a garden, vegetable garden, flower beds, and sometimes also livestock. Thus, the volume of water reserves should be ten times greater than in the apartment.

For such cases, manufacturers offer to purchase tanks with a volume of 1,500 to 5,000 liters (sometimes up to 10,000, but these are rarely used on the farm). The size of the tank will be impressive, but usually there are no problems with placement - a water tank can be installed in the yard, in the garage, in the barn and other households. buildings. There is a practice of burying the tank in the ground - this saves usable space on the site.

In the case of a tank buried in the ground, there is another advantage: in winter it does not need to be heated, since the temperature deep in the soil will not fall below zero.

The underground storage tank must have a ribbed surface and be strong enough to withstand the force of ground pressure.

In the country

From the cases described above, the dacha differs in that here, in most cases, there is no connection to a centralized source of water supply. Water has to be extracted and stored independently; for this, wells, wells and rainfall collection systems are used.

Plant Watering Tank

Such a tank is good because the water in it will not be too cold for watering plants, as, for example, straight from the well.

You can use a container for watering plants in the country in the event of a power outage (when the pump for the well or well does not work).

The irrigation tank must not be placed under open sun- if the water is heated excessively, algae and microorganisms will intensively multiply in it.

Shower tank

Summer showers in summer cottages are very popular. It helps to refresh yourself during the day, and in the evening, when the water in the tank warms up well, you can take full-fledged water procedures.

For a shower, you should buy a tank with a volume of 200-300 liters, preferably a flat shape (for easy installation on the roof of the shower cabin).

Well, if the tank is dark (and preferably black) color, this will contribute to more intense heating of the water during the day.

Flat shower tank

How to choose a storage tank

The tank should be selected based on the tasks that it will solve in the apartment (on the site). The main parameters for choosing a capacity:

volume;
material;
the form;
surface;
nature of fastening;
Colour.

The volume will be individual for each type of needs. A tank for an apartment or a private house without a garden can be selected within 100-300 liters. Thus, it does not take up much space and its volume is enough to meet the primary needs of residents.

The volume of the country tank can be selected up to 5000 liters or more, it all depends on the irrigation area and free space for storing water supplies.

As for the material, here you need to be guided by the purpose of water. If it is to be used for drinking and cooking, the material of the tank must be safe for human health (for example, food grade plastic). In the case of a dacha, plastic also wins compared to metal, since the aggressive components that may be in the water will not actively interact with the container.

The shape of the tank also depends on the specific needs. For apartments will do a small cylindrical tank (for easy storage), for country shower- flat (for secure mounting on the booth). A tank dug into the ground can have any shape.

The surface of the tank matters when storing water underground. A ribbed and rough tank will be less subject to soil pressure, which will avoid deformation and movement.

Tank mount too important aspect. The tank can not only stand on the floor (ground), but also be suspended (relevant for small apartments so as not to take up space on the floor).

Color matters for heating (or vice versa - not heating) the water in the tank. If you want the water to be heated under the influence of direct sunlight (shower) - choose dark color if it is desirable for the water not to heat up above the norm (irrigation tank) - a transparent, white or any light shade will do.

What else you need to know about storing water in a tank

The water in the tank should not stagnate, otherwise it will deteriorate and be unfit for consumption. The water in the tank should circulate as often as possible.
When leaving the cottage for the winter, do not leave the container filled. The water will freeze, and under pressure, the tank will most likely burst. If stocks were stored in the attic, water will flood the room when thawed.
The container needs periodic cleaning.

Before buying a storage tank, calculate how much water your family uses per day. The resulting figure will become the approximate volume of the tank that will suit you.

It is not always possible to provide Vacation home or cottage uninterrupted supply of drinking water. The reasons may be different, but the most best solution in such cases, the water supply system of a private house with a storage tank will become.

By itself, such a tank is the simplest design. But its installation and connection to the system can cause questions and difficulties. To avoid them, read this article.

In what cases will the storage tank help out

It is not enough for a modern person to simply have water in the house. It is necessary that it flow from the tap, and with good pressure for the normal operation of water folding devices. And in some cases, only a storage tank for water supply, built into the system, can provide such work.

What are these cases:

When there are none on or near the site, and their device is impossible. In such a situation, only water supply is possible with a storage tank, which is periodically filled from a tank truck.

When in the house centralized water supply from the city or village network, but water is supplied with frequent interruptions or according to a certain schedule.

When you have your own well or well, but they have a low flow rate and cannot meet your needs at any time, because the water in them disappears during a long continuous intake.

When there are frequent power outages, without which no pump can work.

In any of these situations, the stock of water accumulated in the tank earlier will allow you not to experience discomfort from its absence from several hours to several days. It depends on the volume of capacity, the number of users and the usual consumption.

Ways to connect storage tanks

The tank can be connected to the system with two different ways: By placing it at a high elevation or at or below ground level.

top location

Such a water supply scheme for a house from a storage tank is practiced mainly in cases where there are no appliances in the house that need good pressure, and the residents have a minimal need for water - to wash, wash dishes, etc.

And also with frequent power outages. Because water from a tank installed on a roof, attic or overpass flows to consumers by gravity, and such a system does not depend on the presence of voltage in the network.

Advice. When designing a gravity system for supplying water from a tank, keep in mind that a pressure of one atmosphere gives a height difference of 10 meters between the tank and the tap. And this is without taking into account losses in the pipeline itself.

Such pressure in the system will be insufficient for operation. washing machine and even taking a shower will be problematic. You can increase it by connecting at the outlet of the tank. The advantage of such an installation is its simplicity and ease of maintenance of the tank.

However, do not forget about the disadvantages:

The storage tank takes up a lot of space, taking away useful space from the house;
If you install it in the attic or on the street on a special flyover, then you can use water only in the warm season. Or you need to insulate and heat well both the tank itself and the pipes going to it and from it;
If the instructions were not followed during installation or the system itself has worn out over time, leaks are possible that can cause a lot of trouble.

As you can see, each homeowner deals with these issues differently depending on the needs of the family.

So that the water does not freeze, the tank is installed on a heated second floor or attic, sacrificing area.
Or they use electric heating of a container standing in the attic. And they pay extra for electricity.
Or they simply put it on the cabinet, content with the minimum pressure in the system.

bottom location

It is more common and effective method accommodation for houses with permanent residence and all the usual amenities for a city dweller. Such a water supply system with a storage tank is necessarily equipped with an additional pump or. Without them, the water itself will not flow to consumers, and with it you can get any necessary pressure.

There are also several options for lower placement:

Ground- when the container is used only in the summer and does not need insulation;
Underground- the tank is buried in the ground, and only the neck is brought to the surface, providing access to it for repair and maintenance;

Basement- when the house has a heated basement or technical room.

The last option is the most convenient, since the container does not need to be insulated, there is always access to it and it does not take up usable space.

The second most popular is the underground option. It also allows you not to use the area of \u200b\u200bthe house, but in this case, cleaning and repair will be fraught with certain difficulties. Yes and upper part, located above the freezing level, will also have to be insulated.

In addition, not every container can be buried in the ground. It must be strong, with thick walls, stiffeners or metal formwork. Otherwise, you need to build a rigid shell for it.

It is important. When installed underground, the bottom of the tank should have a slope of 12-15 degrees so that the suspended particles contained in the water settle in one place and it is easier to remove them through the hatch.

Design features

The device of the storage tank does not depend on the installation location. There are only a few nuances.

The container is supplied with the following structural elements:

float valve. It prevents it from overflowing and turns on the pump when the water level reaches the minimum mark.

overflow pipe in case of breakdown float switch. It is located at the top of the tank and is connected to the sewer.
Drain pipe at the bottom. Designed to remove sediment. They are equipped with storage tanks for water supply, located at the top or in the basement of the house. Underground tanks are cleaned by the upper hatch.

Inlet filter, will retain some of the suspended particles. It can also be installed at the exit, equipped with a finer mesh.
Ventilation pipe or breathing valve. If they are not installed in the lid of the tank, when the water is drained, the walls of the tank may flatten under the influence of atmospheric pressure.

Advice. A diffuser on the supply pipe will prevent water from bubbling and mixing with sediment that has settled to the bottom.

Schemes of water supply systems with a storage tank

The water supply scheme of a private house with a storage tank depends primarily on its location and type of source, as well as on the need to increase the pressure in the system and prepare hot water. And the choice of the pump itself, which supplies water to the drive, and related equipment is also done for a reason.

For example:

If water is taken from a well up to 7-8 meters deep, it is enough to buy. The suction pipe must be check valve, which prevents the outflow of water back to the source;
If from a depth of no more than 15-18 meters, the surface pump must already be equipped with an external ejector;
If from a deep artesian well, it can be extracted only with the help of a deep submersible pump. In this case, the check valve is placed on the pipe leading from the pump to the house.

Advice. To protect the equipment from breakdowns and overheating, it is necessary to install a dry-running protection relay on it, and a level sensor in the source itself. This is especially important if the well or well is marginal.

Water supply storage tanks - connection diagrams can be as follows:

As you can see, an additional pump on the supply pipeline from the storage tank to the system allows not only to increase the pressure in it, regardless of the position of the tank, but also to install a boiler for preparing hot water.

If you often turn off the electricity, both this pump and the boiler will be useless. All that remains is the supply of cold and hot water according to the latest scheme, with a second tank. Its volume is selected according to your needs, but the larger it is, the longer the water will cool in it.

This can be used to heat the first tank in winter time. For example, a storage tank for hot water supply of 1000 liters, installed side by side with a tank of cold water, will not let it freeze during the day, even if during this time the water in it is not heated.

There are several ways to heat water for this scheme:

Scheme	Description
	Using a gas or electric heating boiler.
	Using a stationary wood burning stove.
	Using a tubular electric heater - a heating element.

How to choose a drive

When choosing a tank, you need to pay attention to two main parameters: volume and material of manufacture.

Volume

The storage tank should not be confused with a hydraulic accumulator. And it's not even that the second one is a pressure tank that regulates the pressure in the network due to the pressure of compressed air on the rubber membrane.

The maximum volume of the accumulator is only 100 liters, the standard one is 24-50 liters. This is very little to supply water in the usual way in the situations described above.

To understand how much capacity you need, you need to analyze the following factors:

Required water flow per unit of time. You can calculate it approximately by adding up the nominal consumption of all appliances in the house - faucets, toilets, washing and dishwasher. Another calculation method suggests multiplying the daily water requirement of one person by the number of family members. But this need is different for everyone and also depends on the availability of amenities in the house. It can be 60 or 200 liters per day. Therefore, focus on your habits and conditions.

Performance offline source or work schedule centralized system. For example, if the water or electricity is turned off for a maximum of a couple of hours, a 100-liter barrel may be enough for you, and it’s a completely different matter if this happens often and for long time. It also makes no sense to install a five-cubic capacity if your well can pump no more than 500 liters into it per day.

Material

If you are planning a drinking water supply for a summer residence, the storage tank must be made of materials that do not react with water and do not affect its taste, smell and quality. And this is either stainless steel or food grade plastic.

Increasingly, plastic is preferred as it is much cheaper and more durable, especially if we are talking about underground storage. In addition, it is lightweight: even a tank of impressive size can be installed by hand without involving a bunch of assistants or special equipment.

To roughly navigate the prices, look at the options presented in the gallery:

As you can see, stainless steel tanks are many times more expensive. It is more profitable to buy plastic ones, but you need to make sure of the quality of the material and its purpose - for storing drinking water.

Conclusion

Sometimes water supply in a private house with a storage tank becomes the only opportunity to live in comfort, which cannot be provided by any ultra-modern pumping station, nor central plumbing. The complexity of creating such a system depends on the location of the tank, your needs and the conditions of the water supply, so in each case you need to choose your own scheme.

It will be the simplest for seasonal country house, but for country cottage with permanent residence and all the amenities, you will have to spend money and tinker. But the result is worth it.

After watching the video in this article, you will see that “not the gods burn the pots”, and you can do much, if not all, on your own.