Proper planting and care of jasmine shrubs. Jasmine room care

The plant stephanotis floribunda is a fairly popular indoor flower. It belongs to the genus of creeping and evergreen semi-shrub vines.

The plant stephanotis floribunda is a fairly popular indoor flower.

Stefanotis long time do not fade therefore, from such a flower you can make bridal bouquet bride. The plant is a symbol of love and strong family relationships in many countries. However, domestic flower growers are wary of him and call him a muzhegon.

Some amateur flower growers argue that the incorrect placement of such indoor flower in a residential area can cause a bad mood, a break in family relationships or even divorce. It is for this reason that decorative perennials should not be placed in the bedroom or men's room.

Gallery: stephanotis (25 photos)

How to grow stephanotis (video)

Botanical description of stephanotis

An ornamental plant can be represented by several types:

• herbaceous culture with entire lamellar leaves;
• shrub plant;
• semi-shrub plant;
• creeper with falling leaves;
• creeper with evergreen foliage.

All varieties are attractive appearance, and also relatively unpretentious in terms of care and maintenance.

Stephanotis do not fade for a long time, so you can make a bride's wedding bouquet from such a flower.

Types and varieties of stephanotis

Unusual smart ornamental plant It is represented by more than ten species, which are native to the tropical island of Madagascar and the insular part of the Malay Archipelago. AT natural conditions perennial prefers partial shade, therefore, it grows and develops well in indoor floriculture. For example, the type of abundantly blooming stephanotis floribunda Brongn or “ Madagascar jasmine", which is distinguished by the formation of lush and fragrant inflorescences.

Stephanotis profusely flowering (floribunda)

Sterhanotis floribunda is one of the most popular species that has proven itself very well in indoor floriculture. A fast-growing climbing ornamental perennial in natural conditions has a well-developed aerial part 5.5-6.0 m long. At home, the dimensions are usually much more modest. profusely blooming liana forms fragrant snow-white flowers, collected in racemose inflorescences. Foliage with a varnish surface, green staining.

Stephanotis profusely flowering (floribunda)

Stefanotis acuminata

Sterhanotis acuminata is characterized by the formation of flowers with a very attractive pinkish-cream color. Caring for this variety is not difficult., and abundant and fairly long flowering makes such a culture very popular in indoor floriculture.

Stefanotis grandiflora

Sterhanotis grandiflora is a variety well known to domestic amateur flower growers, which is distinguished by rather large and very attractive flowers, which, in the amount of thirty, are collected in fragrant inflorescences. Flowers have a very original appearance. due to the presence of a greenish tint on the tube of buds.

Stefanotis thorsia

Sterhanotis thouarsii - incredibly beautiful, but enough rare variety in our country ornamental perennial, which is characterized by the formation of buds with a very delicate lilac shade and a pharynx of pronounced pinkish coloration.

Stefanotis thorsia

Stephanotis care at home

Caring for a liana-shaped ornamental culture is not too difficult. But in order to get the most abundant, long and attractive flowering, as well as to maintain a rich green color foliage, it is necessary to adhere to a number of certain rules when growing a plant in indoor floriculture.

Temperature

For good and full development, it is necessary to provide the plant with optimal temperature conditions, as in summer period, as well as in winter time. With the onset of a warm spring-summer period, the temperature in the room should fluctuate between 18-24o.

In the autumn and winter months, it is required to maintain the temperature regime at the level of 14-16o. Only under such conditions are stephanotis laid flower buds, which is a prerequisite for long and abundant flowering. Important to remember that the indoor perennial is extremely difficult to tolerate drafts, and sudden changes in temperature, regardless of the time of year.

Stefanotis is extremely difficult to tolerate drafts, and sudden changes in temperature, regardless of the time of year

Humidity

Tropical perennial needs enough high level humidity, and especially important maintain optimal performance at room temperature within 20-24o. On hot days, frequent and fairly plentiful spraying of the surface is carried out. sheet plates. However, drops of water should not fall on flowers and buds.

Water for humidifying the air in the room must be soft, and also approximately room temperature. A very good result is the use of mechanical humidifiers. It is also allowed to install vessels filled with water next to the flower pot. Among other things, regularly remove dust from the leaves with a moistened soft cloth.

Stefanotis needs a fairly high level of humidity

Lighting

Decorative culture prefers rooms with bright but diffused lighting. Best to install flower pot with a plant on the east and west windows. As a rule, on the windowsills of the northern location, the perennial does not have enough natural light, so the plant may completely lack flowering.

In autumn and winter period the liana should also be kept in good natural light. Stefanotis respond well to the use of additional lighting with fluorescent lamps.

Watering a flower

Particularly plentiful irrigation measures should be provided room liana spring and hot summer days. Watering is carried out only as the top layer of soil in the flower pot dries out. Water for irrigation activities must be soft and sufficiently separated, at room temperature.

Stefanotis prefers rooms with bright but diffused lighting.

Plant nutrition

It is imperative to feed an indoor flower in the spring and summer, a couple of times a month. For feeding, organic and minerals that alternate. There is no need to feed the plant in autumn and winter. Plant nutrition requires special attention in April and May, when phosphates or a solution based on high-quality cow manure should be applied.

transplanting madagascar jasmine

The nutrient soil substrate must be breathable and sufficiently water permeable. An acidic environment is optimal. For cultivation, it is quite possible to use a universal ready-made mixture suitable for growing ornamental flowering plants with the addition of a small amount of coarse fractional sand. Self-manufacturing planting substrate involves mixing equal parts:

• high-quality garden soil;
• matured compost;
• coarse unsifted sand;
• peat.

A good result is obtained by planting in a substrate based on one part of humus, two parts of leafy soil, one part of soddy soil and two parts of peat chips. Transplanted decorative culture, usually only in spring period or early summer.

Features of stephanotis (video)

Stephanotis propagation methods and technology

Reproduction can be done in several ways: cuttings and seed material. The first option is more convenient and simple. Cut cuttings should have a pair of leaves and are cut from last year's half-lignified shoots, slightly below the internode. For rooting, the cuttings are immersed in a nutritious moistened river sand about half an inch. It is necessary to create a mini-greenhouse. The whole process of rooting, as a rule, takes no more than three weeks.

Problems when growing indoor flower

With proper care and compliance with all cultivation measures, decorative perennials rarely get sick and bloom steadily. However, there are a number of reasons that can provoke the loss of decorativeness and even the death of such

We determine and eliminate the causes of the lack of flowering

Quite often, beginners or inexperienced amateur flower growers face a lack of flowering. There may be several reasons for this problem, but all of them are mostly most often associated with errors in the care of decorative culture:

• there is no flowering on plants that overwinter indoors with too warm temperature regime;
• flowering does not occur in perennials overfed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers;
• flowers do not form on plants with insufficient natural or artificial lighting.

Among other things, flowers will not form if the plant has been negative impact temperature fluctuations, as well as failures in irrigation measures.

The genus Jasmine (Jasminum) combines erect or climbing shrubs of the Olive family. They are densely branching plants with simple, pinnate or trifoliate leaves and very large beautiful flowers. The split corolla of jasmine flowers is white, reddish or yellow. The tube of most is narrow and long, it contains 2 stamens with rather short filaments. The ovary is formed upper. The fruit is a berry.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The genus Jasmine (Jasminum L.) combines, according to various sources, from 210 to 300 species of plants of the Olive family. In nature, they are common in the subtropics and tropics of Asia, Australia, Africa, in South America and the Mediterranean.

Jasmines are deciduous or evergreen shrubs, rarely lianas. On their numerous shoots, trifoliate or odd-pinnate leaves are arranged alternately and oppositely.

When flowering, jasmine forms single or umbrella-shaped inflorescences-shields. They can be at the top and on the sides of the shoots. White or yellow flowers look like small stars, last up to 20 days. Withering, the petals acquire a purple or reddish hue. The white, yellow or pink corolla looks like a saucer, the tube is cylindrical, with an open mouth.

Selection has bred many terry and semi-double forms.

At home and garden conditions grow the following types of jasmine. Bisa Jasmine (Jasminum beesianum Forrest & Diels) is an evergreen shrub or liana up to 2 m long. Along all the shoots there are grooves. Dark green, simple, slightly pubescent leaves grow oppositely. In shape, they are lanceolate or ovoid, slightly pointed. Jasmine Bees blooms in May. Flowers at the same time are formed at the top of the shoots in groups of 1-3 pieces. Their color is pink or dark pink. They have a pleasant aroma.

Jasmine naked (Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl.) - not strongly branching shrub with drooping long shoots, practically not covered with foliage. Bright green small trifoliate leaves mostly fall for the winter. Large egg-yellow jasmine flowers are formed from January to April in the axils of the leaves located along the entire stem. Large-flowered jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum L.) is a man-made species. It is an evergreen shrub or liana, reaching 10 m in length, with bare shoots. Its pinnate leaves are arranged oppositely, consisting of 5-7 elliptical or round-elliptical leaflets with a tip at the top. Large flowers are laid in groups of up to 10 pieces at the top of the shoots. Inflorescences - umbrellas. Most often they are white and fragrant. This jasmine blooms profusely and for a long time (almost all summer and half of autumn). Its flowers are used as a flavoring for tea.

Jasmine medicinal (Jasminum officinale L.) - small perennial shrub with smooth, long, thin, climbing shoots. Its pointed, lanceolate, smooth leaves are light green from the inside, and bright green above. Their edges are ciliated. Jasmine officinalis blooms in April. Its flowers are white, on long stalks, fragrant. They are combined in several pieces into inflorescences-umbrellas. Shrub up to 2 m tall jasmine multiflorous (Jasminum polyanthum Franch.) - a weakly branching plant with rather curly shoots and oval, pointed leaves from above. These dark green, slightly wavy leaves are arranged alternately. During flowering, many-flowered jasmine forms a huge number of pink buds, collected at the top of the shoots, 3-5 pieces per group. They have a pretty narrow tube and a 5-bladed fold. The flowers are very fragrant.

Jasmine low or bare (J. humile L. var. glabrum (DC.) Kobuski) - not very tall (up to 2 m) shrub with bare shoots and trifoliate leaves, consisting of 5-7 elliptical or ovate leaves. Foliage is dark green on top and light green on the underside. Umbrella inflorescences form and bloom from June to August and consist of several fragrant flowers. Their crown is yellow.
Jasmine lapel or low (J. humile L. var. revolutum (Sims) Stokes) - a small bush with complex leaves, consisting of 5-7 ovate-rounded leaves. During flowering, the jasmine lamb forms a multi-flowered inflorescence of medium-sized yellow flowers.

Jasmine sambac or Arabian (J. sambac (L.) Aiton) is an evergreen vine up to 6 m in length with thin pubescent shoots. Its long, ovate, rounded leaves grow oppositely. They may be slightly hairy or hairless. White flowers of Arabian jasmine are collected in small groups in inflorescences-umbrellas. They can be terry, semi-double or simple, but always with a pleasant smell. Abundant flowering of this jasmine can last from March to October. Highly valued for its decorative qualities.

Jasmine the thinnest (J. gracillimum Hook. f.) can be evergreen shrub or liana. It is distinguished by thin pubescent shoots with simple, oval-lanceolate leaves pointed at the top. They are light green, slightly pubescent from the inside, located oppositely. The flowering of the finest jasmine is plentiful, it falls on the second half of winter - the beginning of spring. Its large white fragrant flowers form umbrella-like inflorescences.

Sometimes jasmine is mistakenly called mock orange (saxifrage family). It also has white flowers with a pleasant aroma, but all other signs point to another family. The main purpose of jasmine when grown at home is to decorate the garden and the room. It is used both as an ampelous and as a climbing flowering plant.

CARE Location and lighting

Jasmine loves light, but prefers its diffuse forms. Therefore, western and eastern windows are best for him. On the south window, in order to avoid burns, it is better to shade the plant at noon. When grown facing north, jasmine may not get enough light to grow and bloom normally.

The plant can safely spend summer on fresh air on the balcony or in the garden in any place protected from direct sun. If you need to change the light level for jasmine, you need to do it gradually, withstanding an adaptation period. Temperature is not a critical factor for a plant. It calmly endures 18-25 degrees during the period of activity and 8-10 degrees during the period of rest.

If you keep it during a warmer winter, then perhaps the plant will not bloom at all this year. All forces will go to the formation of green mass. To avoid stagnation of air, regularly ventilate the room with the plant. Watering In the spring-summer period, the plant is watered abundantly as soon as the soil dries from above. With the beginning of autumn, watering is reduced, minimizing winter. At cold wintering it is very easy to overwater the plant, causing water to stagnate. When caring for jasmine, watering is best done with soft (rain, thawed or settled) warm water.

Humidity Jasmine grows best in fairly humid air. Therefore, it should be sprayed regularly. It is better to use soft and settled water for this. There is only one restriction for spraying jasmine: during the flowering period, this cannot be done. During this period, it is better to place pallets with wet sand or expanded clay under the pots. In winter, when kept cold, spraying can kill the plant.

Soil and transplant

At home, young jasmines are transplanted in the spring every year, older ones - in a spring or two. For this use ready soil, which has the characteristics: neutral, fairly dense soil with great content humus and nutrients.

You can make a mixture yourself from leafy and coniferous lands, deoxidized peat and sand. It will also do well in hydroponics. Top dressing Jasmine must be fed before and during flowering. The optimal frequency is 1 time 7-10 days. For this, special complex fertilizers for flowering plants.

reproduction

Jasmine is propagated mostly by layering or cuttings. Cuttings are harvested in spring or summer. To do this, take lignified shoots with 2-3 internodes at the ends of the branches. They are cut with a sharp blade and planted in a mixture of peat and sand. With lower heating, the cuttings take root quite quickly (1-1.5 months). Then they are transplanted into separate containers in the ground for adult jasmine.

When braiding with soil roots, transshipment is done. Other The lower part of the bush becomes woody over time, and the upper, thinner shoots begin to need support. Then they are allowed along the trellis or tied to something. To prolong the flowering time of jasmine, pinch the plant, leaving 6-8 pairs of leaves on the shoot. In February, long shoots are shortened by a third. Dry, weak and underdeveloped branches inside the bush are cut out.

If, when grown at home, jasmine is quite large and blooms profusely, then it is better to take it outside, otherwise the strong aroma of flowers can provoke a headache.

PROBLEMS OF GROWING, DISEASES, PESTS

Foliage problems (dry, curled, deformed or falling leaves) most often occur due to insufficient air humidity, poor watering or exposure to direct sunlight. Move the plant to a shady spot, adjust watering and spraying.

If jasmine has buds, but does not want to bloom, then the plant has little light. And if they suddenly began to darken, this indicates too warm and dry air.

Of the pests, aphids can attack jasmine, mealybug, scale insect, spider mite or whitefly. Use appropriate drugs against them.

Every year, one bucket of slurry (1:10) is recommended to be poured onto one jasmine bush. On the 3rd year after planting, they make mineral fertilizers: 15 g of urea, 30 g of superphosphate, 15 g of potassium sulfate, which are diluted in 10 liters of water and spent on 1 - 2 plants. After flowering per 1 sq. m give 20 - 30 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium sulfate or 100 - 150 g wood ash. Jasmines are demanding on moisture. With prolonged drought, the leaves lose turgor, which is restored after rain or watering. In June - July, in the trunk circle for 1 square. m should pour 20 - 30 liters of water. When planting, pour 1-2 buckets onto a bush. During the summer, loosen 2-3 times to a depth of 4-8 cm, removing weeds at the same time. Mulch with peat or earth with a layer of 3-4 cm.

Special attention should be given correct pruning jasmine. It is no secret that many vigorous varieties of jasmine are characterized by a one-sided configuration and uneven growth. You can give the bush a neat symmetrical shape with the help of forming pruning. In early spring the strongest branches of jasmine are lightly pruned, and over the summer they form shoots of moderate growth. Weaker branches are pruned strongly to stimulate the active growth of annual shoots. Thus, for 1 season, you can balance the shape of the bush. Every 2-3 years old shoots are removed, leaving those that are younger than 10-12 years old. This rejuvenation of the crown leads to more abundant flowering and strong growth. With age, jasmines, as a rule, are very bare and shoots thicken. This does not have the best effect on the decorativeness of the bush. Such thickened bushes can be subjected to anti-aging pruning. In early spring, 3-4 trunks are shortened to 30-40 cm. All the rest are cut down at the soil level. Slices are processed garden pitch. The trunk circle is mulched with compost. During growing season the bush is fed several times with mullein infusion and watered regularly. By autumn, powerful shoots grow from sleeping buds. next spring almost all shoots are removed, cut into a ring, leaving only 2-3 of the strongest on each stump. They will become the basis of a new bush. After a year, such a jasmine will acquire an attractive appearance, and after 3 years it will begin to bloom profusely. In addition to shaping and rejuvenating pruning, annual sanitary pruning and thinning of shoots, as well as timely removal of faded jasmine inflorescences.

For most jasmine shelters for the winter is not required. Some varieties require a protected location. In severe winters, the ends of annual shoots may freeze slightly, but after pruning, their plant quickly restores its crown and ability to bloom.

the roots are damaged - you need to carefully transplant the lutche, of course, in the fall, but you can now

Indoor jasmine flower, care for which it does not require special efforts from its owner, it can bloom even in winter. But for this you must follow a number of rules. So, the soil of an indoor flower should consist of sand, clay-turf and deciduous soil in equal proportions. This plant lime is contraindicated, the impact of which leads to stunting and poor flowering. Therefore, when watering jasmine, use acidified water, previously settled.

Jasmine is a water-loving flower, but the amount of water consumed depends on the period of the year and the temperature of the content. In summer, the intensity of watering increases, and when the temperature drops, it decreases. The earth should not be overdried, but at the same time avoid stagnant water. Active growth of the plant begins in April and continues until the end of August. At this time, in order to avoid drying indoor jasmine, fertilizing with potash fertilizers should be done. Young plants are transplanted every year in March, while adults are transplanted 2-3 times a year.

Indoor jasmine - leaves turn yellow. What to do?
To avoid this, you should adhere to the temperature regime. In cold weather, the temperature in the room where the flower is located should not exceed +20 degrees and not be lower than +8 C. In summer, it is better to keep jasmine outdoors (on the balcony, in the garden), and also protect it from direct sunlight. Pruning is also important. This procedure prevents branches from being exposed and promotes more intense flowering.

Do not neglect the feeding of the plant. This method of additional flower support should begin from the moment the buds form and until the flowering period. Complex of mineral and organic fertilizers apply alternately with an interval of two weeks.

One of the main reasons why dries indoor jasmine , is pest infestation. In the case when the plant is poorly cared for or the room has dry air with elevated temperatures, there is a high probability of aphids, red spider mite, whiteflies.

To destroy pests, the leaves are sprayed and washed with a weak tobacco solution and water. You can also use an infusion of Dalmatian chamomile mixed with green soap and preparations that include permethrin. If the jasmine is in the fresh air, then ground sulfur can be used, which pollinates the underside of the leaves. When using infusion with green soap it is necessary to wash the plant with warm water after 2 hours. The course of treatment begins immediately at the first sign and continues until the pests are completely eliminated.

And if you want to send a bouquet of fresh flowers, you can do it at the link: