Detached single agreed definition. Video lesson "Separation of agreed common and non-common definitions
| Participle turnover after the word being defined | child,| asleep in my arms| suddenly woke up. |
| Participle turnover both before and after the word being defined, if it is a pronoun | Frustrated with her son She couldn't control herself. |
| Participle turnover before the word being defined, if it has an additional adverbial meaning | Struck by the news, mother slowly sank into a chair. (why? for what reason?) |
| Two or more agreed definitions after the word being defined | Child, well-fed and contented fell asleep in my arms. |
| An agreed definition, possibly a single one, if the word being defined is a pronoun | 1).He, well-fed fell asleep quickly. 2). well-fed, he quickly fell asleep. |
Inconsistent isolated definition
isolated circumstance
standalone application
Appendix - special kind definition expressed by a noun in the same case and number as the noun or the pronoun it defines: dragonfly jumper, beautiful girl.
| Both single and common application, if the word being defined is a pronoun | He, excellent doctor, helped me a lot. |
| A common application, if it comes after the defined word expressed by a noun | My brother, excellent doctor, heals all of our family. |
| If the application is "torn off" from the word being defined | The door was opened by the son of our neighbors, five year old kid. |
| Single uncommon definition, if the word being defined is a noun with explanatory words | He saw his son baby and smiled. |
| Any application, if it is after the word being defined - a proper name | Bear, neighbor's son desperate tomboy. |
| Isolation expressed by proper names, if they serve to clarify or explain | And the neighbor's son set the fire, bear, desperate tomboy. |
| The application, if it stands before the word being defined - a proper name, if an additional adverbial meaning is expressed at the same time | Architect from God, Gaudí could not build an ordinary cathedral. (why? for what reason?) |
17 task
What is meant?
The language has appeals, introductory words and combinations, introductory sentences, plug-in constructions. All these phenomena are related to the topic. But in KIMs the circle of linguistic phenomena is narrowed. Therefore, we will limit ourselves to introductory words and sentences. What do you need to know about them?
1. Introductory words are not members of the sentence.
2. Introductory words are not grammatically related to the members of the sentence.
The fact that they are distinguished by commas in the letter is known to everyone. The difficulty is not in punctuation as such, but in the need to recognize such words, combinations of words and constructions. The fact is that in Russian the same word can act in different roles. How not to confuse introductory words with homonymous members of the sentence? We learn to distinguish. To do this, compare:
Fortunately, my mother did not ask what time I returned, and there was no unpleasant conversation.
Fortunately- introductory word, separated by a comma.
Dishes beat fortunately.
Fortunately- addition, syntactic connection - control: beats (to what?) fortunately.
Try to drop Fortunately. In the second sentence, this cannot be done without violating the meaning and grammatical structure of the sentence.
Compare:
Dishes beat fortunately. ≠ Dishes break.
You feel it's not the same thing. Why does the second sentence not allow for such a transformation? because Fortunately- a member of a sentence, grammatically and semantically related to another member of the sentence. If it is excluded, the structure changes. In the first sentence Fortunately is not a member of the proposal. In addition, it is not grammatically related to any of the members of the sentence. Therefore, the structure of the sentence will not change if the introductory word is omitted.
In Russian, many words can be used in two ways: both as introductory words and as members of a sentence.
Maybe life Yes, my brother will become a musician. ≠ Brother may be musician: he has perfect pitch.
You, right, from North? ≠ You solved the problem right.
Maybe he will call today. ≠ Article maybe write in a week.
You see We weren't late, you needn't have worried. ≠ You see road sign?
In some cases, a double interpretation of the meaning of the sentence is possible, for example:
She is definitely right.
undoubtedly\u003d of course: speaker's confidence, introductory word
She is definitely right.
undoubtedly\u003d without conditions and restrictions, circumstance of measure and degree
Then he became a famous actor.
Then - introductory word, introductory word
Then he became a famous actor.
Then= later, circumstance of time
In such cases, the broader context and intonation of the oral statement or the punctuation of the written one help to distinguish between introductory words and sentence members. But in KIMs, commas are not spaced: everyone must determine for himself whether they are needed or not. This means that the only thing that can be guided by is the meaning of the sentence and the possibility - the impossibility of omitting the analyzed words without violating the grammatical connections and structure of the sentence.
Lists of examples will help you notice introductory words and sentences.
What is expressed
Emotions, feelings, evaluation
Fortunately, to joy, to unhappiness, to chagrin, to vexation, unfortunately, to shame, to surprise, to amazement, to happiness, to joy, to surprise, fortunately, in truth, in conscience, in justice, what good , strange thing, amazing thing, funny to say, do not be reproachful
A separate definition is a definition that is distinguished by intonation and commas.
Definitions answer the questions WHAT? WHICH? WHICH? WHICH? and etc.
Definitions are AGREED and UNAGREED.
AGREED definitions can be expressed:
1. participial turnover (A path overgrown with grass led to the river.)
2. an adjective with dependent words (Pleased with his success, he told me about them.)
3. a single adjective or participle (Happy, he told me about his successes. Tired, the tourists decided to abandon the re-ascent.)
4. homogeneous single adjectives (Night, cloudy and foggy, enveloped the earth.)
3. Separate inconsistent definitions
Separate inconsistent definitions can be expressed:
Nouns with or without dependent words,
Indefinite form of the verb with or without dependent words,
An adjective in a comparative degree with dependent words.
What is the difference inconsistent definition from agreed?
Agreed Definition is a definition that is associated with the word being defined by means of agreement ( wooden fence, our entrance, second floor, flying ball).
Inconsistent definition- this is a definition that is connected with the word being defined by means of control and adjunction (city street, checkered skirt, her students, thicker paper, horseback riding, a child of five years old, a promise to love). The word being defined for the inconsistent definition is also expressed by a noun or a pronoun.
To the inconsistent definition expressed by a noun, two types of question can be asked: which one? and the question of indirect case.
An example of a sentence with a separate inconsistent definition:
Moscow, all in New Year's garlands, looked beautiful.
Moscow WHAT? IN WHAT? all in Christmas garlands
4. Standalone applications
What is APP?
APPENDIX is a definition that is expressed by a noun.
The application characterizes the item in a new way, gives it a different name or indicates the degree of relationship, nationality, rank, profession, age, etc.
The application is always used in the same case as the noun to which it refers.
The application may be uncommon(consisting of one noun) and widespread(consisting of a noun with a dependent word or words).
For example: Following Deev, Sapozhkov went to the sleigh, railroad worker.
Master, harsh man, was not happy with either the guests or the profit.
Some applications can be used with the conjunction AS.
For example: Like any literary innovator, Nekrasov was closely connected with the traditions of his great predecessors.
An application can be separated not only by a comma, but also by a dash:
a) if it stands at the end of the sentence and is an explanation of what was said (you can insert a union in front of such an application namely). For example: Only the watchman lived at the lighthouse - an old deaf Swede.
b) if the application refers to one of the homogeneous members, so as not to confuse the application with the homogeneous member. For example: At the table sat the mistress of the house, her sister - a friend of my wife, two faces unfamiliar to me, my wife and I.
c) to highlight on both sides applications that have explanatory meaning. For example: Some kind of unnatural greenery - the creation of boring continuous rains - covered the fields and fields with a liquid network.
d) in order to separate homogeneous applications from the word being defined: For example: The fiercest scourge of heaven, nature's horror - pestilence rages in the forests.
Attention! Applications written with a hyphen and enclosed in quotation marks are NOT isolated! For example: Teenage girls on the other corner of the square were already leading round dances. We watched the ballet "Swan Lake".
The inconsistent definition often causes punctuation difficulties. The difficulty lies in the fact that it is not always easy to distinguish it from the agreed one, which will be separated by a comma. hard to find good text, in which there are no these members of the sentence, because their use enriches speech. However, agreed and inconsistent definitions, examples of which are presented below, are an attribute only of written speech.
Secondary members of the sentence explain the main ones, but can also refer to the same minor ones. If they complement the grammatical basis, they will be called secondary members of the subject or predicate group.
For example:
The high, cloudless sky completely occupied the horizon.
The subject is the sky. Its group: the definitions are high, cloudless. The predicate - occupied. His group: addition horizon, circumstance completely.
Definition, addition, circumstance - these are the three minor members of the sentence. To determine which of them is used in a sentence, you need to ask a question and determine the part of speech. So, additions are most often nouns or pronouns in indirect cases. Definitions - adjectives and parts of speech close to them (pronouns, participles, ordinal numbers, also nouns). Circumstances are adverbs or participles, as well as nouns.
Sometimes there is ambiguity minor member: He answers two questions at the same time. As an example, consider the sentence:
The train to Omsk left without delay.
The secondary member to Omsk can act as a circumstance (train (where?) to Omsk) or as a definition (train (what?) to Omsk).
Another example:
Snow lies on spruce paws.
The secondary term on the paws is both a circumstance (lies (where?) on the paws) and an addition (lies (on what?) on the paws).
What is definition
Definition - such a minor member of the sentence, to which you can ask questions: “What?”, “What?”, “What?”, “What?”, “Whose?”
Distinguish agreed and inconsistent definitions. Gradation depends on how this member of the sentence is expressed.
A definition can be an adjective, a noun, a numeral, a pronoun, a participle, and even an infinitive. They extend the subject, object, and circumstance.
For example:
The last leaves hung from the frozen branches.
The definition of the latter refers to the subject leaflets; the definition of frozen refers to the addition-circumstance on the branches.
Sometimes these secondary members of the sentence can carry the main semantic load of the subject and be included in its composition.
For example:
A villager does not like to get out into a stuffy city.
Here the role of the definition village is very interesting, without which the subject inhabitant would not make sense. That is why it will be part of the main member of the proposal. Thus, in this example subject - village dweller.
Semantic functions of definitions
Both agreed and non-agreed definitions can express the following meanings:
- The quality of the item (beautiful dress, interesting book).
- Quality of action (opened door, thinking student).
- Place (forest fire - fire in the forest).
- Time (December holidays - holidays in December).
- Attitude to another object (clay vase - clay vase).
- Belonging (mother's heart - mother's heart).
Agreed Definition
Definitions agreed can act as the following parts of speech:
- Adjective name (children's toy, deep lake).
- Pronoun (your car, a certain amount).
- Communion (meowing kitten, waving flag).
- Numerals (eighteenth fighter, first student).
Between this definition and the word to which it refers, there is an agreement in gender, number and case.
Our majestic history spans twenty centuries.
Here are the following agreed definitions:
History (whose?) Ours - pronoun;
History (what?) majestic - adjective;
Centuries (how many?) Twenty - numeral.
As a rule, the agreed definition in the sentence is before the word to which it refers.
Definition inconsistent
Another, more expressive kind is the inconsistent definition. They can be the following parts of speech:
1. Nouns with or without a preposition.
2. Adjectives in the comparative degree.
3. Verb-infinitive.
Let's analyze a sentence with an inconsistent definition:
The meeting with classmates will take place on Friday.
Meeting (what?) With classmates. An inconsistent definition with classmates is expressed by a noun with a preposition.
Next example:
I have never met a friendlier person than you.
Inconsistent definition expressed comparative degree adjective: a person (what?) is more friendly.
Let's analyze the sentence, where the definition is expressed by the infinitive:
I had a great opportunity to come to the seashore every morning.
There was an opportunity (what?) to come - this is an inconsistent definition.
The examples of sentences discussed above allow us to conclude that this type of definition is most often found after the word to which it refers.
How to distinguish an agreed definition from a non-agreed one
In order not to get confused about which definition is in the sentence, you can follow the algorithm:
- Find out what part of speech the definition is.
- Look at the type of connection between the definition and the word to which it refers (agreement - an agreed definition, control and adjacency - an inconsistent definition). Examples: meowing kitten - connection agreement, definition meowing - agreed; a box made of wood - communication control, the definition of wood is inconsistent.
- Pay attention to where the definition is in relation to the main word. Most often, the main word is preceded by an agreed definition, and after it, an inconsistent definition. Examples: a meeting (what?) with investors - the definition is inconsistent, it is after the main word; deep ravine - the definition is agreed, it stands after the main word.
- If the definition is expressed by a stable combination or phraseological phrase, it will certainly be inconsistent: it was (what?) Neither fish nor meat. Phraseologism neither fish nor meat acts as an inconsistent definition.
A table will help distinguish between agreed and inconsistent definitions.
Parameter | Agreed | inconsistent |
What is expressed | 1. Adjective. 2. Pronoun. 3. Communion. 4. Numerals. | 1. Noun with or without a preposition. 2. Infinitive. 3. Adverb. 4. Comparative adjective. 5. Pronoun. 6. Indivisible combination, phraseological unit. |
Communication type | Agreement in gender, number and case | 1. Management. 2. Connection. |
Position | Before main word | After the main word |
The concept of isolation
Situations often arise when in a sentence there are separate agreed and inconsistent definitions that require selection by appropriate punctuation marks (commas or dashes). Separation always implies two identical punctuation marks, it should not be confused, for example, with commas with homogeneous members, where single commas are used. In addition, the use of two different characters in isolation is a gross mistake, which indicates a misunderstanding of this linguistic phenomenon.
Separating agreed definitions with commas is a more frequent phenomenon than separating inconsistent ones. To determine whether a comma is necessary, you need to pay attention to two aspects:
- The position of a separate definition in relation to the word being defined.
- How are the members of the sentence participating in the isolation expressed (the definition itself and the word being defined): history (what?) majestic - adjective; centuries (how many?) twenty - numeral.
Separation of agreed definitions
If the agreed definition is after the word being defined, it must be separated by commas if:
- It is a participle. For example: A basket of mushrooms, collected the day before, stood in the cellar. Here, the isolated definition collected the day before is a participle turnover, which is located after the word basket being defined.
- It is an adjective with dependent words. For example: Through the glass, crystal clear, you could see everything that was happening in the yard. Here, the definition of crystal clear is an adjective (pure) and its dependent word (crystal). It is required to put commas, because this revolution is located after the word glass, which is being defined.
- Definitions are necessarily separated if there is another definition before the word being defined. For example: Autumn days, bright and sunny, soon faded away. The definition of autumn is in front of the defined word days, respectively, the definition of bright and sunny must be separated by commas.
- Definitions are not common, they are in the sentence after the word being defined. For example: The southern night, black and warm, was full of mysterious sounds. The definition black and warm are two uncommon adjectives connected by the union and. There may be such an option: the southern night, black, warm, was full of mysterious sounds. In this example, the union is absent, but the definition is still isolated.
In the latter case, you need to be more careful, because there are situations when the definition is closely related in meaning to the word to which it refers, so it is not required to separate it with commas. For example:
In a country far from home, loneliness is somehow felt in a special way.
The definition far from home should not be separated by commas, because without it the meaning of the sentence is incomprehensible.
Separation of the agreed definition, which is in front of the word being defined, is necessary if it has the meaning of cause or concession. For example:
Exhausted by the difficult transition, the tourists were glad to set up camp.
In this case, the definition exhausted by a long transition is isolated, because it is used in the sense of a reason: since the tourists were exhausted by a difficult transition, they were glad to set up camp. Another example:
Not yet greened, the trees are elegant and festive.
Here the definition has a concession meaning that has not yet been planted with greenery: despite the fact that the trees have not yet been planted with greenery, they are elegant and festive.
Separation of inconsistent definitions
Separate inconsistent definitions are a rather rare phenomenon. Usually they are paired with matched ones. Thus, isolated inconsistent definitions are usually used after the word being defined and are associated with the agreed link agreement.
For example:
This coat, new, ribbed, suited Natasha very well.
In this example, the inconsistent ribbed definition is related to the agreed new definition, so it needs to be isolated.
Here is another sentence with a separate, inconsistent definition:
Quite by accident we met Andrey, in the dust, tired.
In this case, the inconsistent definition in the dust is related to the consistent definition of tired, so commas are required.
It is not necessary to separate with commas the cases when there are isolated inconsistent definitions before the agreed one. Examples:
From a distance we saw sailors in pressed uniforms, happy and contented.
In this case, it is possible not to isolate the inconsistent definition in an ironed form, because after it there are consistent ones: happy, satisfied.
IN classical literature one can meet both non-isolated and isolated inconsistent definitions. Examples:
Two stearin candles, in travel silver chandeliers, burned in front of him. (Turgenev I.S.) and Three soldiers in overcoats, with guns on their shoulders, walked in step to replace the company box (Tolstoy L.N.).
In a sentence from Turgenev's work, the inconsistent definition in travel silver chandeliers is isolated, but Tolstoy's sentence of the same construction is not. In the latter there are no punctuation marks in the definitions in overcoats, with guns.
As a rule, inconsistent definitions related to the predicate group are not isolated. Let's look at the last example: they walked (how? in what?) with guns, in overcoats.
Application as a special kind of definition
A special kind of definition is an application. It is always expressed by a noun. Applications and inconsistent definitions should be distinguished. The latter are associated with the word being defined by means of control, while between the application and the main word there is an agreement.
For example, let's compare two sentences:
1. You like Chief Engineer should oversee this project.
2. This woman in a white coat made the guys grumble.
In the first case, we have an application engineer. Let us prove this by declining the main and the definition of the word. You are an engineer - you are an engineer - you are an engineer - you are an engineer, etc. The connection between the words is clearly visible agreement, respectively, we have an application. Let's try to do the same with the definition from the second sentence. A woman in a white coat - a woman in a white coat - a woman in a white coat. Communication is control, so here we observe an inconsistent definition.
In addition, the application simply names the subject differently, while the inconsistent definition is some kind of its sign.
Application isolation
A single application, as a rule, is written with a hyphen: hostess sister, lord commander. In certain cases, the application will stand apart. Let's sort them out.
The application that refers to the personal pronoun is separated. Examples:
1. Does she, an excellent student, take care of the control.
Here the application of an excellent student refers to the pronoun to her.
2. Here it is, the reason.
We isolate the application reason, because it refers to the pronoun she.
A common application is isolated if it is located after the word being defined. Examples:
1. A brave captain, a thunderstorm of the seas, easily passed any reefs.
The thunderstorm application is a common one (thunderstorm (what?) of the seas), so you need to separate it with commas.
2. The girl, everyone's favorite, received the best gift.
The application universal favorite is used after the word girl being defined.
Applications are separated with the meaning of reason, concession, clarification (with it there is a union like). Example:
You, as an investor, can control the work of employees. - You can control the work of subordinates because you are an investor (reason value).
Here you need to be careful, because the application with the union as in the meaning of "as" is not isolated. For example:
How school discipline mathematics develops well logical thinking. - As a school discipline, mathematics develops logical thinking well. Separation is not needed.
If a separate application is at the end of a sentence, it can be distinguished with a dash. For example:
The rest of the sisters are similar to each other - Elizabeth and Sophia.
The application Elizabeth and Sophia is at the end of the sentence, so a dash is separated.
Separation of agreed
definitions and applications
1. What are isolated members of a sentence?
1) Forests are sleeping, deciduous, frozen, frosty, in downy felt boots, coniferous snow coats thrown over. The night, blizzard, frosty, seems long. (V. Bianchi.)
2) Incessantly, it was raining, slanting and shallow. (A. Tolstoy.)
3) In a ravine washed out by spring waters, multi-colored layers of clay were exposed.
K #1 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Detached Members sentences are sentence members distinguished by meaning and intonation.
1) Deciduous, frozen, frosty, forests sleep in downy felt boots, coniferous snow coats are thrown on. The blizzard, frosty night seems long. (V. Bianchi.)
2) Without ceasing, it poured slanting and fine rain. (A. Tolstoy.)
3) In a ravine washed out by spring waters, multi-colored layers of clay were exposed.
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. What members of the proposal are isolated?
1) The cold wind, sharp and stubborn, throws us and it is hard to row. (I. Bunin.)
2) Dry grass, foliage plucked from trees and small branches swirled in the air. (V. Arseniev.)
3) Constellations cold as grains of ice floated in the water. (K. Paustovsky.)
K #2 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Separate are those members of the sentence that are close in meaning to the predicate. The predicate usually comes after the subject. A definition can come close in meaning to the predicate if it takes its place, that is, it comes after the word being defined.
1) A cold wind, |sharp and stubborn|, throws us, and it is hard to row (homogeneous agreed definitions in the postposition are close in meaning to the predicate).
2) Dry grass swirled in the air, foliage | plucked from trees |, and small branches (an agreed definition in postposition, expressed by participial turnover).
3) Constellations, |cold as grains of ice|, floated in the water (agreed definition in postposition, expressed by a comparative turnover related to the adjective).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. When are definitions and applications separated, when are they not separated?
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) Do not forget that we engineers and chemists are used to thinking in formulas. (K. Paustovsky.)
2) Tall, broad-shouldered, he had a build.
3) Fascinated by the story, we did not notice anything around.
4) Naive and gullible, he believed in the veracity of the most incredible stories.
5) I sat immersed in deep thought ().
6) We dispersed satisfied with our evening ().
K #3 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Definitions and applications stand apart when they are personal. Agreed definitions with a personal pronoun are not isolated: if the definition is connected in meaning and with the subject - the pronoun and the predicate (such definitions are the nominal part of the compound predicate):
1) Don't forget that we are |engineers and chemists| — accustomed to think in formulas. (K. Paustovsky.)
2) | Tall, broad-shouldered |, he had an athletic build.
3) |Carried away by the story|, we did not notice anything around.
4) |Naive and gullible|, he believed in the veracity of the most incredible stories.
5) I sat immersed in deep thought
6) We dispersed satisfied with our evening
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Under what condition are any definitions and applications separated?
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) A leaf torn off by a thunderstorm, I grew up in the gloomy walls with the soul of a child, the fate of a monk. (M. Lermontov.)
2) Yes, what do you do well done to spin? (M. Lermontov.)
3) Twilight but we are still children on the street. (Yu. Olesha.)
4) I even dreamed about this piano. (K. Paustovsky.)
5) Someone standing outside the door now tried to scare us.
K #4 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Any definitions and applications are isolated if they refer to a personal pronoun.
1) |A torn leaf by a thunderstorm|, I grew up in gloomy walls, |a child's soul|, |monk's fate|. (M. Lermontov.)
2) Yes, what are you, |well done|, writhing about? (M. Lermontov.)
3) Twilight, but we, |children|, are still outside. (Yu. Olesha.)
4) I even dreamed about it, |this piano|. (K. Paustovsky.)
5) Someone standing outside the door now tried to scare us (the agreed definition does not refer to a personal pronoun, therefore it is not isolated).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. In most cases, a common definition is expressed by participial turnover. Remember when the participial turnover is separated by commas, and when not.
2. Write by changing the position of the word being defined. Graphically designate the word being defined. What has changed in the proposal?
1) Blueberry bushes dotted with smoky purple berries can be seen between the trees.
2) Dandelion - a honey plant - can be found everywhere.
3) Dry weeds flew across the arable land into the distance, dark, inhospitable.
4) I, suspicious by nature, sour (A. Green)
K #5 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. The participle turnover after the word being defined (in postposition) is separated by commas; and the participial phrase before the word being defined (in the preposition) is not separated by commas. But, if the word being defined is a personal pronoun, then the participle turnover in the preposition is separated by commas.
1) Dotted with smoky purple berries, blueberry bushes can be seen between the trees.
2) Dandelion can be found everywhere - | honey plant |
3) Dry weeds flew over arable land into a dark, inhospitable distance.
When the place of the noun being defined was changed - from postposition to preposition - the agreed common definitions ceased to be isolated.
4) | Suspicious by nature |, I'm sour (A. Green)
When the place of the determined personal pronoun was changed - from preposition to postposition - the agreed common definition did not cease to stand apart.
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Under what condition are definitions and applications related to a noun separated?
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) The song murmured like a forest key, quiet, clean, unceasing. (B. Field.)
2) Damp snowfalls will suddenly fall on the forest, frozen and naked. (L. Tatyanicheva.)
3) Almost all gazelles, both African and Asian, do not recognize the closeness of forests. (I. Akimushkin.)
4) The girls ran across the steppe, scorched by the sun and trampled down by sheep and goats.
K #6 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1) Definitions and applications related to a noun are isolated if they are common and come after this noun. The definitions still need to be agreed upon.
2) If the agreed definitions expressed by participial definitions are homogeneous, then punctuation marks are placed, as with homogeneous members of the sentence.
1) The song murmured, | like a forest key |, | quiet, clean, unceasing | (comparative turnover refers to the predicate, homogeneous definitions in postposition).
2) On the forest, |cold and naked|, wet snowfalls will suddenly fall (homogeneous definitions in postposition).
3) Almost all gazelles, |both African and Asian|, do not recognize the closeness of forests (homogeneous definitions in the postposition with the repeated union and).
4) The girls ran across the steppe | scorched by the sun | and | trampled down by sheep and goats | (homogeneous agreed definitions, expressed by participial turnover).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) His experienced hunter was interested in this phenomenon.
2) The yellow lemongrass butterfly sits on its wings folded into one leaf. (M. Prishvin.)
3) Stubborn in everything, Ilya Matveevich remained stubborn in reading. (V. Kochetov.)
K #7 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1) He, |an experienced hunter|, was interested in this phenomenon (the application refers to a pronoun).
2) A yellow butterfly, |lemongrass|, sits on a lingonberry with its wings folded into one leaf (the appendix specifies a common noun).
3) |Stubborn in everything|, Ilya Matveyevich remained stubborn in reading. (The appendix has an additional adverbial value of reason).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Tell the basic rules for separating definitions and applications.
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) In the evenings, the artist met with his new friend, a famous archaeologist who studies the life and culture of peoples ancient india.
2) Maxim, an athlete-speleologist, told a lot of interesting things about the caves of the Caucasus.
K #8 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Separated by commas in the letter:
1) any definitions and applications, if they refer to a personal pronoun;
2) agreed common definitions and applications after (in postposition) the noun being defined;
3) agreed non-common homogeneous definitions, standing after the noun being defined. Agreed definitions and applications in the preposition are separated if:
a) have the additional circumstantial value of cause or concession;
b) separated from the noun being defined by other members of the sentence.
1) In the evenings, the artist met with his new friend, | a famous archaeologist |, | studying the life and culture of the peoples of Ancient India | (the application is after the common noun; the agreed definition in the postposition, expressed by the participial turnover).
2) Maxim, |athlete-speleologist|, told a lot of interesting things about the caves of the Caucasus (the appendix is after the proper noun).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Tell us about the special rules for separating applications.
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) Inspiration, an incomprehensible state, the ultimate dream of artists and poets, lasted days, weeks, months.
2) Again, with the same excitement, Kiprensky began to work on a portrait of Prince Golitsyn, one of the most poetic canvases of Russian painting.
3) The second portrait of Princess Shcherbatova was painted by Kiprensky in soft and brilliant colors, as soft as the silk cloth thrown over the shoulders of the princess.
K #9 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1) An application with a union is isolated if it has a tinge of causality, for example: Valery, as a native of the south, it was difficult to get used to the harsh climate of the Arctic (cf .: Valery, since he was a native of the south, it was difficult to get used to the harsh climate Arctic). If the union as means “as”, then the application is not isolated, for example: Everyone knows Semyonov as a good locksmith.
2) Standalone Applications can be distinguished with a dash if they are given greater importance and when pronounced they are separated from the word being defined by a longer pause, for example: June has come - the month of exams.
1) Inspiration - | an incomprehensible state, the ultimate dream of artists and poets | It lasted days, weeks, months.
2) Again, with the same excitement, Kiprensky began to work on a portrait of Prince Golitsyn - | one of the most poetic paintings of Russian painting |
3) The second portrait - |Princess Shcherbatova| - Kiprensky wrote in soft and brilliant colors, as soft as silk fabric |thrown over the shoulders of the princess| (an application is highlighted with a dash if given great importance, and when pronounced, they are separated from the word being defined by a longer pause).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) People slept before a difficult day as before a fight - soundly. (V. Shukshin.)
2) The forests rustled to the right and left, raging like lakes. (K. Paustovsky.)
3) Pine, as a resinous tree, is difficult to rot. (S. Aksakov.)
4) The sky in January is like a starry tent.
K #10 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1) People slept before a difficult day, | like before a fight |, - soundly. (a turnover with how refers to an adjective and shows the similarity of two objects, as can be replaced by the word exactly).
2) The forests rustled to the right and left, raging, |like lakes| (turnover with as refers to the verb or and expresses a comparison with the nuance of the circumstance of the mode of action).
3) Pine, | like a resinous tree |, is difficult to rot (turnover with as is a clarifying application with a touch of causality, it can be replaced by a subordinate clause).
4) The sky in January is like a starry tent (turnover is part of the predicate).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Tell us about putting a comma before the union as when separating applications.
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) The rain, as fine as drizzle, continued to fall silently on the taiga. (A. Fadeev.)
2) On the left, as before, there was a black ridge of hills, curving like the backbone of a giant beast. (A. Fadeev.)
3) In a word, it spreads like a leaf, but in deed, it pricks like needles. (Proverb.)
K #11 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. An application with a union is isolated if it has a tinge of causality, for example: Valery, as a native of the south, it was difficult to get used to the harsh climate of the Arctic (cf .: Valery, since he was a native of the south, it was difficult to get used to the harsh climate Arctic). If the union as means “as”, then the application is not isolated, for example: Everyone knows Semyonov as a good locksmith.
1) Fine rain, |like drizzle|, continued to fall silently on the taiga. (a turnover with how refers to an adjective and shows the similarity of two objects, as can be replaced by the word exactly).
2) To the left, as before, there was a black ridge of hills, curving, |like the backbone of a giant beast|. (turnover with how refers to a verb or gerund and expresses a comparison with a shade of the circumstance of the mode of action).
3) In a word, | like a leaf |, it lays, but in deed, | like needles |, it stabs (turn with how it refers to a noun and shows the similarity of two objects, how can the word be replaced exactly).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Tell the basic rules for separating definitions and applications.
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) In winter, the sidewalk is like a skating rink.
2) This hut, as they said, was built by geologists.
3) He flew like an arrow the whole distance.
4) He was known as an experienced doctor. As an experienced doctor, he immediately identified the cause of the disease.
K #12 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Separated by commas in the letter:
1) any definitions and applications, if they refer to a personal pronoun; 2) agreed common definitions and applications after (in postposition) the noun being defined; 3) agreed non-common homogeneous definitions, standing after the noun being defined. Agreed definitions and applications in the preposition are separated if: a) they have an additional adverbial value of reason or concession; b) separated from the noun being defined by other members of the sentence.
1) In winter, the sidewalk is like a skating rink (turnover is part of the predicate).
2) This hut, as they said, was built by geologists (the union as is included in the introductory sentence. The following expressions with the union are most often used as introductory sentences: as I remember now, as they said, how we learned, how we managed to figure out how some people think , as well as combinations as usual, as now, as one, as an exception).
3) He flew like an arrow the whole distance (turn from how he became set expression(like a squirrel in a wheel, turned pale like death, fly like an arrow, pours like a bucket, healthy as a bull, goes like clockwork, etc.).
4) He was known as an experienced doctor (turn with as means "in quality"). |As an experienced doctor|, he immediately determined the cause of the disease (the turnover with how is a clarifying appendix with a touch of causality (it can be replaced by a subordinate clause).
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Tell the basic rules for separating definitions and applications.
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) Both adults and children worked in the field.
2) As an art historian, my father knew the real value of this find.
3) He was known as an experienced ichthyologist.
K #13 - Key
Separation of agreed
common and uncommon
definitions and applications
1. Separated by commas in the letter:
1) any definitions and applications, if they refer to a personal pronoun;
2) agreed common definitions and applications after (in postposition) the noun being defined;
3) agreed non-common homogeneous definitions, standing after the noun being defined. Agreed definitions and applications in the preposition are separated if:
a) have the additional circumstantial value of cause or concession;
b) separated from the noun being defined by other members of the sentence.
1) Both adults and children worked in the field (in a double union, both ... and ... a comma is placed before the second part of the union).
2) |As an art historian|, my father knew the real price of this find (the turnover with how is a clarifying appendix with a touch of causality, it can be replaced by a subordinate clause).
3) He was known as an experienced ichthyologist (turn with as means "as").
Isolation of inconsistent
definitions
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) Today she, in a new blue hood, was especially young and impressively beautiful (M. Gorky).
2) After dessert, everyone moved to where, in a black dress, with a black mesh on her head, Karolina (Goncharov) was sitting.
3) This crowd of people, colorfully dressed, with tanned faces and squirrel tails, made a strange impression (Arsenyev).
K #14 - Key
Isolation of inconsistent
definitions
a) from the defined (main) word;
1) Today she, in a new blue hood, was especially young and impressively beautiful (M. Gorky). A definition expressed by indirect cases of nouns (more often with prepositions). Noun definitions are isolated if they refer to a personal pronoun.
2) After dessert, everyone moved to the buffet, where, in a black dress, with a black mesh on her head, Karolina (Goncharov) was sitting. Noun definitions are isolated if they are separated from the word being defined by other members of the sentence.
3) This crowd of people, colorfully dressed, with tanned faces and squirrel tails on their headdresses, made a strange impression (Arsenyev). Definitions-nouns are isolated if they form a series of homogeneous members with a preceding or subsequent separate agreed upon definition.
Isolation of inconsistent
definitions
1. Tell the basic rules for separating inconsistent definitions.
2. Write down with missing punctuation marks. Define the terms of separation.
1) Sasha Berezhnova, in a silk dress, in a cap on the back of her head and in a shawl, was sitting on the sofa (Goncharov).
2) The mother came out majestically, in a lilac dress, in lace, with a long string of pearls around her neck (Goncharov).
3) Mother came out in a lilac dress, in lace.
K #15 - Key
Isolation of inconsistent
definitions
1. Separation of inconsistent definitions depends on:
a) from the part of speech of the defined (main) word;
b) from the position of the definition in relation to the defined (main) word - before the main word, after the main word;
c) from the presence of additional shades of meaning in the definition (circumstantial, explanatory);
d) on the degree of distribution and the way of expressing the definition.
However, in general, the isolation of inconsistent definitions is less categorical than the isolation of agreed definitions. It occurs in the event that in this context it is required to highlight any feature, to strengthen the meaning expressed by it.
2. 1) Sasha Berezhnova, in a silk dress, in a cap on the back of her head and in a shawl, was sitting on the sofa (Goncharov). Definitions-nouns are usually isolated if they refer to a proper name, since they complement, clarify the idea of a person or an object.
2) The mother came out majestically, in a lilac dress, in lace, with a long string of pearls around her neck (Goncharov). Noun definitions are usually isolated if they refer to a noun that characterizes a person by the degree of kinship, position, profession, etc. In this case, the noun definition gives an additional characteristic to the person. Such a definition is more common, that is, it contains dependent words. Often there are several such definitions.
3) Mother came out in a lilac dress, in lace. When punctuating, it is very important to correctly determine the type of a minor member expressed by a noun, since it can be not only a definition, but also an addition, a circumstance.
Accounting for the completion of tasks on the topic
Separation of agreed common
And uncommon definitions and applications
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A guide to spelling, pronunciation, literary editing Rosenthal Ditmar Elyashevich
§ 92. Separate agreed and inconsistent definitions
1. As a rule, they are isolated (separated by a comma, and in the middle of a sentence are separated by commas on both sides) agreed common definitions expressed by a participle or an adjective with words dependent on them and standing after the word being defined, for example: Poplars covered with dew, filled the air with a sweet fragrance(Chekhov); pale light , similar to slightly diluted blue water, flooded eastern part horizon(Paustovsky).
Note. Agreed common definitions are not isolated:
a) standing before the noun being defined (if they do not have additional adverbial shades of meaning, see below, paragraph 6), for example: The detachment that came out early in the morning had already covered four versts(L. Tolstoy);
b) standing after the noun being defined, if the latter in itself in this sentence does not express the desired meaning and needs to be defined, for example: He could hear things rather unpleasant for himself, if Grushnitsky unequally guessed the truth(Lermontov) (the combination could hear things does not express the desired concept); Chernyshevsky created a highly original and extremely remarkable work.(Pisarev); It was an unusually kind smile, wide and soft, like that of an awakened child.(Chekhov); Division is the opposite of multiplication; We often fail to notice the more essential things;
c) related in meaning and grammatically to both the subject and the predicate, for example: The moon rose very crimson and gloomy, as if sick(Chekhov); Even the birches and mountain ash stood sleepy in the sultry languor that surrounded them.(Mamin-Sibiryak); Foliage from under the feet comes out tightly adherent, gray(Prishvin); The sea at his feet lay silent and white against a cloudy sky(Paustovsky). Typically, such constructions are formed with verbs of motion and state acting as a significant connective, for example: Returned home tired; In the evening, Ekaterina Dmitrievna came running from the Law Club excited and joyful.(A. N. Tolstoy). If the verb of this type itself serves as a predicate, then the definition is isolated, for example: Trifon Ivanovich won two rubles from me and left, very pleased with his victory.(Turgenev);
d) expressed complex shape comparative or superlatives the name of the adjective, since such forms do not form a turnover and act as an indivisible member of the sentence, for example: The guest watched with a wariness much more convincing than the hospitality shown by the host; The author suggested a shorter version; The most urgent messages are published. Wed (if there is turnover): In the circle closest to the bride were her two sisters(L. Tolstoy).
2. Participles and adjectives with dependent words after indefinite pronoun, are usually not isolated, since they form one whole with the preceding pronoun, for example: Her big eyes, filled with inexplicable sadness, seemed to be looking for something like hope in mine(Lermontov). But if the semantic connection between the pronoun and the definition following it is less close and when reading after the pronoun there is a pause, then isolation is possible, for example: And someone, sweating and out of breath, runs from store to store ...(V. Panova) (two single definitions are separated, see below, p. 4).
3. Definitive, demonstrative and possessive pronouns are not separated by a comma from the participial phrase following them, closely adjoining it, for example: All factual data published in the book have been verified by the author; In this corner forgotten by people, I rested all summer; Your handwritten lines were hard to read. Wed: Everything laughing, cheerful, marked with the stamp of humor was little available to him.(Korolenko); Dasha was waiting for everything, but not this obediently bowed head.(A. N. Tolstoy).
But if the definitive pronoun is substantiated or if the participial turnover has the character of clarification or explanation (see § 96, paragraph 3), then the definition is isolated, for example: Everything associated with railway, still fanned for me by the poetry of travel(Paustovsky); I wanted to stand out before dear to me, human...(Bitter).
Note. It is not uncommon for sentences with agreed definitions to allow variant punctuation. Wed: That middle one over there plays better than the others (that- definition with a substantiated word middle). - Won that one, the middle one, plays better than others(substantiated word that- subject, with it a separate definition middle ).
A common definition is not separated by a comma from the preceding negative pronoun, for example: No one admitted to the Olympiad solved the last problem; With these dishes nothing can be compared, served under that name in vaunted taverns.(although such designs are very rare).
4. Two or more agreed single definitions are separated, standing after the noun being defined, if the latter is preceded by another definition, for example: ... Favorite faces, dead and alive, come to mind...(Turgenev); ... Long clouds, red and purple, guarded him[sun] peace...(Chekhov).
In the absence of a previous definition, two subsequent single definitions are separated or not separated depending on the author's intonation-semantic load, as well as their location (definitions standing between the subject and the predicate are separated). Wed:
1) …I especially liked the eyes. , big and sad e(Turgenev); And the Cossacks , both on foot and on horseback, marched on three roads to three gates(Gogol); Mother , sad and anxious, sat on a thick knot and was silent ...(Gladkov);
2) Under this thick gray overcoat beat a passionate and noble heart.(Lermontov); I walked along the clean, smooth path, I did not inherit(Yesenin); Led a bow on the violin of an old gypsy, lean and gray-haired(Marshak).
5. The agreed single (non-spread) definition is separated:
1) if it carries a significant semantic load and can be equated in value with subordinate clause, for example: At his cry, the caretaker appeared, sleepy(Turgenev);
2) if it has an additional circumstantial value, for example: To a young man, in love, it is impossible not to blab, and I confessed everything to Rudin(Turgenev) (cf .: "if he's in love"); Lyubochka's veil clings again , and two young ladies, excited, run up to her(Chekhov);
3) if the definition is torn off in the text from the noun being defined, for example: Eyes closed and , semi-closed, smiled too(Turgenev);
4) if the definition has a clarifying meaning, for example: And in five minutes already heavy rain, cover (Chekhov).
Note. A separate definition may refer to a noun that is absent in this sentence, but perceived from the context, for example: Look - out , dark, runs along the steppe (Gorky). Wed § 93, item 7.
6. Agreed common or single definitions that stand immediately before the noun being defined are isolated if they have an additional adverbial meaning (causal, conditional, concessive, temporary), for example: Accompanied by an officer the commandant entered the house(Pushkin); Stunned by the blow of a cargo fist, Bulanin at first staggered in place, not understanding anything.(Kuprin); Tired to the last degree climbers could not continue their ascent; Left to themselves children will be in a difficult position; wide, free, the alley leads into the distance(Bryusov); disheveled, unwashed, Nejdanov looked wild and strange(Turgenev); Well aware of the real village life, Bunin literally became furious at the far-fetched, unreliable portrayal of the people.(L. Krutikova); Tired of mother's cleanliness, The boys learned to be smart(V. Panova); confused Mironov bowed at his back(Bitter).
7. An agreed common or single definition is isolated if it is torn off from the noun being defined by other members of the sentence (regardless of whether the definition is in front of or after the word being defined), for example: And again , cut off from tanks by fire, infantry lay down on a bare slope ...(Sholokhov); R splattered on the grass, well-deserved shirts and trousers were dried ...(V. Panova); Behind the noise, they did not immediately hear a knock on the window - persistent, solid (Fedin) (several separate definitions, usually at the end of a sentence, can be separated by a dash).
8. Agreed definitions related to the personal pronoun are separated, regardless of the degree of prevalence and location of the definition, for example: Lulled by sweet hopes, he fast asleep(Chekhov); He turned and left but I, confused, stayed next to the girl in the empty hot steppe(Paustovsky); From him, jealous, locked in a room, you remember me, lazy, with a kind word(Simonov).
Note. Definitions with a personal pronoun are not isolated:
b) if the definition is grammatically and meaningfully related to both the subject and the predicate (cf. above, paragraph 1, note “c”), for example: We dispersed satisfied with our evening(Lermontov); He comes out of the back rooms already completely upset ...(Goncharov); We ran to the hut soaking wet(Paustovsky); She came home upset, but not discouraged.(G Nikolaeva);
b) if the definition is in the form of the accusative case (such a construction, with a hint of obsolescence, can be replaced modern design from instrumental), for example: I found him ready to go(Pushkin) (cf. "I found it ready ..."); And then he saw him lying on a hard bed in a poor neighbor's house(Lermontov); also: And the police beat her drunk on the cheeks(Bitter);
c) in exclamatory sentences like: Oh you're cute! Oh, I'm clueless!
9. Inconsistent definitions expressed by indirect cases of nouns (more often with a preposition), in artistic speech are usually isolated if the meaning they express is emphasized, for example: officers , in new frock coats, white gloves and shiny epaulettes, flaunted through the streets and the boulevard(L. Tolstoy); Some fat woman, with rolled up sleeves and with raised apron, standing in the courtyard...(Chekhov); Five , without frock coats, in the same vests, were playing…(Goncharov). But compare: Best man in top hat and white gloves out of breath, throws off in the front coat(Chekhov); In another picture, above the carcass of a killed wild boar, there was a man with mustache and slick hair (Bogomolov).
In the neutral style of speech, there is a steady tendency towards the absence of isolation of such definitions, for example: teenagers in knitted hats and down jackets, permanent inhabitants of underground passages.
Note. Inconsistent definitions can also appear before the noun being defined, for example: In a white tie, in a dandy coat open, with a string of stars and crosses on a gold chain in a loop of a tailcoat, the general was returning from dinner, alone(Turgenev).
Typically, such inconsistent definitions are pegged (the pegging of inconsistent definitions in all of the following cases is affected by their location):
c) if they are own name, for example: Sasha Berezhnova , in a silk dress, in a cap on the back of the head and in a shawl, sitting on the sofa(Goncharov); Elizaveta Kievna did not come out of memory , with red hands, in a man's dress, with a pitiful smile and meek eyes(A. N. Tolstoy); blond , with a curly head, without a hat and with a shirt unbuttoned on his chest, Dymov seemed handsome and unusual(Chekhov);
b) if they refer to a personal pronoun, for example: I'm surprised that you, with your kindness, don't feel it(L. Tolstoy); ... Today she, in a new blue hood, was especially young and impressively beautiful(Bitter);
c) if separated from the word being defined by any other members of the sentence, for example: After dessert, everyone moved to the buffet, where , in a black dress, with a black mesh on her head, Karolina sat and watched with a smile as they looked at her(Goncharov) (regardless of whether the word being defined is expressed by its own or common name); On his ruddy face , with a straight large nose, strictly shone bluish eyes (Gorky);
d) if they form a series of homogeneous members with previous or subsequent separate agreed definitions, for example: I saw a man , wet, in rags, with a long beard (Turgenev); With bony shoulder blades, with a bump under his eye, bent over and obviously afraid of the water, he was a funny figure(Chekhov) (regardless of what part of speech the defined word is expressed).
Inconsistent definitions are often isolated in the names of persons by degree of kinship, profession, position, etc., since due to the significant specificity of such nouns, the definition serves the purpose of an additional message, for example: Grandfather , in my grandmother's katsaveyka, in an old cap without a visor, squinting, smiling at something(Bitter); Warden , in boots and in an overcoat, with tags in hand, noticing the priest from afar, he took off his bright hat(L. Tolstoy).
The isolation of an inconsistent definition can serve as a means of deliberately separating a given turnover from a neighboring predicate, to which it could be related in meaning and syntactically, and referring it to the subject, for example. Baba , with a long rake in hand, wander into the field(Turgenev); Painter , in drunk, drank instead of beer tea glass varnish(Bitter). Wed also:… It seemed to Mercury Avdeevich that the stars were growing in the sky and the whole yard , with buildings got up and went silently to the sky(Fedin) (without isolation, the combination with buildings would not play the role of a definition).
10. Inconsistent definitions are separated, expressed by a turnover with the form of the comparative degree of the adjective, if the noun being defined is usually preceded by an agreed definition, for example: Strength stronger than his will threw him out of there(Turgenev); short beard , slightly darker hair, slightly shaded the lips and chin(A. K. Tolstoy); Another room , almost twice as much called the hall...(Chekhov).
In the absence of a previous agreed definition, the inconsistent definition expressed by the comparative degree of the adjective is not isolated, for example: But at another time there was no man more active than him(Turgenev).
11. Inconsistent definitions are isolated and separated with a dash, expressed by an indefinite form of the verb, before which words can be put without prejudice to the meaning "namely", for example:… I came to you with pure motives, with the only desire - to do good!(Chekhov); But this lot is beautiful - to shine and die(Bryusov).
If such a definition is in the middle of a sentence, then it is highlighted with a dash on both sides, for example: ... Each of them decided this issue - to leave or stay - for themselves, for their loved ones.(Ketlinskaya). But if, according to the context, there should be a comma after the definition, then the second dash is usually omitted, for example: Since there was only one choice left - to lose the army and Moscow or one Moscow, the field marshal had to choose the latter(L. Tolstoy).
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From the author's book§ 92. Separate definitions 1. As a rule, common definitions are separated (separated by a comma, and in the middle of a sentence are separated by commas on both sides) common definitions expressed by a participle or an adjective with words dependent on them and standing after the defined
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From the author's book§ 94. Special circumstances 1. Participial turnover, as a rule, is isolated regardless of the place it occupies in relation to the verb-predicate, for example: Walking next to him, she was silent, looked at him with curiosity and surprise (Bitter); Joy, entering into one
From the author's book§ 95. Separate additions Separate optionally (depending on the semantic load, volume of turnover, emphasizing its role in the sentence, etc.) nouns with prepositions or prepositional combinations except, instead of, in addition to, over, except for,
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From the author's book§ 94. Separate circumstances 1. The adverbial turnover, as a rule, is isolated regardless of the place it occupies in relation to the verb-predicate, for example: Walking next to him, she silently, with curiosity and surprise, looked at him (Bitter); Joy, entering into one
From the author's book§ 95. Separate additions Separate optionally (depending on the semantic load, volume of turnover, emphasizing its role in the sentence, etc.) nouns with simple or compound prepositions except, instead of, besides, over, except for, along with and
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