Do-it-yourself band saw for woodworking. How to make a homemade band saw for wood with your own hands Homemade band saw with your own hands

Any owner of a private house wants to have a variety of appliances. It makes it a lot easier for him. necessary work. If you need to deal with wood products, labor will become easier when you have desired device. A do-it-yourself band saw is actually done simply, the main thing is to use the drawings, as well as the advice of various professionals.

Used both at home and in industry for sawing wood. It has its pros and cons, but it is not used almost everywhere. A homemade band saw consists of a pulley and electric motor attached to the frame, and a blade is attached to the first to cut the material. The device will not work without an engine. The blade can be different, thanks to which both wood and metals and even polypropylene are cut.

Homemade Band Saw

Advantages and disadvantages

I must say that a band saw with your own hands is mastered simply and quickly, but it is recommended to find out in advance about all its advantages, as well as disadvantages.

Works at high speed.
Very accurate.
Very productive.
Low thermal conductivity.
You can set individual parameters for blanks.
Bends can be either straight or curved.
To assemble the device, a lot of money is not needed.
After the tape has worked, a cut remains, the width of which is small. Therefore, there will be little waste. This is a very big advantage when wood products are produced.

Cuts can only be longitudinal. This is due to the design of the unit.
When it works, it vibrates and makes noise.
The machine is quite large.
It is necessary to use special equipment for the production of saws.

When you make band saws yourself, it is useful to know that materials can be found at home. But you can’t do without a canvas, so you should go to the store for it. But before that, you need to make a decision: what material will be cut:

Diamond - cuts ornamental stones, such as granite and quartz, as well as marble.
The bi-metal blade can cut stainless steel and alloys.
Tooling - appropriate steel is used. Needed for simple materials. They are used by small workshops.
Carbide. Used for complex alloys.

The machines are also different. They are divided into 3 types:

Toothless. Very productive, often used for metal. There are teeth, but they are small. The principle of operation is based on friction, as well as heating of an additional type.
Serrated. This is how they cut plastic with wood. Cloth closed.
Electrosearching. Suitable for enterprises with a large volume of processed products.

Tooth selection table

Materials and various tools

There are many improvised means in order to make the device. If a person is planning to make a band saw with his own hands, then he should stock up on the following items:

Bushings.
Electric motor.
Polyurethane adhesive - connect parts.
Fasteners such as bolts and screws.
A steel rod, as well as a channel. Required in order to make the axle and frame.
Rubber - sheet type. It protects wood.
Belt - for wheels.
Sheet steel. A cutting blade is made from it.
The shield is wooden (plywood or chipboard can be used). Needed for a frame with a pedestal, and also a pulley.

Instruments:

Welding apparatus.
Bulgarian.
Hammer.
Screwdrivers.
Machine tools - cutting, grinding, welding.

The manufacture of the device does not take place in one stage, but several. If a person makes such an assembly as a do-it-yourself band saw, drawings are the main thing, you can’t do without them:

Band saw drawing

First they build a table, and then a cabinet. A wooden shield is used for this. After all, this is a device for fastening the mechanism itself.
They take plywood, make pulleys, glue it with sheet rubber.
All elements made of wood are sanded, and epoxy resin is used for top coating.
Next, to assemble the device, make a frame. It resembles the letter "C". Therefore, the tape is well held. To make it, take a channel. And they put an axis of steel on it.
Then you need to take the bushings and put the pulleys on the axle, after which the latter are balanced.
The tape can vibrate to prevent this from happening, use a damper.
Now all the parts that will move are connected to the engine.
In order for the material to be fed by itself, a special mechanism is made using metal corners.

It is important to know that before you test the tape, you need to prepare it. First of all, the location of the cutting belt is checked. For him, only a right angle is strictly defined. The machine cannot be warped, otherwise it will be dangerous to humans.

Secondly, it is necessary to carry out the tension of the cutting belt well. To adjust, use the driven pulley. Do-it-yourself welding of band saws, which is mandatory for production, is quite easy to carry out.

It is no news to anyone that any equipment needs to be inspected from time to time, and also repaired if necessary. For a saw, the main thing is to sharpen it correctly. so , sharpening band saws with your own hands is not as scary and difficult as it seems. It is enough to do the following:

First, make the initial sharpening. That is, they consider symmetry, establish it, inspect the teeth, if there are cracks, they must be eliminated.
Further, on the canvas there will still be, as well as sawdust. It needs to be cleared of this rubbish.
To restore the corners, wiring is performed.
Make the final sharpening. It is designed to eliminate all existing distortions, and also make the teeth sharper.

Sharpening rules

If a person has not done such work before, then he should be very careful. Otherwise work this device will be of poor quality. In the case when a person is not sure that he can carry out such activities himself, it is best for him to call specialists who understand sharpening.

Problems that arise

When a person thinks for the first time , how to make a band saw, then he should know that he may have complications:

Firstly, the equipment used for manufacturing is not very simple. After all, you need to be able to properly use the welding machine.
Besides, milling machine not everyone has it.
Secondly, you need to monitor the stability of the structure. We must not forget about the mass of the processed material.
Thirdly, not every person will understand the drawings.
It must be taken into account that the cut of the device will be wide.

As a result, if you really want to make such a machine yourself, then you need not only material with tools, but also patience.

Using the woodworking machine

Let's say that you made a car, but now you need to use it the right way. The thing is that when a home-made band saw for wood is used, then all safety rules must be taken into account. Sometimes the canvas bursts, so you need to check the fastening, and also not be too close to the machine.

If the workpiece is large, then apply only large teeth. It is best to use universal tape. Then there will be no need to change the canvas.

Before you make the device, you need to think about where it will stand. They consider not only the room, but also whether it has electricity, as well as ventilation.

Before you work, you need to pull the tape as tight as possible. If this is not done, then the machine will not work well, and it can also be dangerous.

Do not operate the machine for more than 2 hours. Then the tape must be removed and not touched for a day. After the machine has been working for a very long time, it must be lubricated. It is required to ensure that the teeth set is correct.

Here, in fact, and all the features. Do not forget that the device should be properly looked after. If the owner sees that there is something wrong with the device, it is best to turn it off, look, and check. You have to be very careful.

This reliable and time-tested human assistant is necessary in construction, with various works in a private house, in the country. Home craftsmen often make a band sawmill with their own hands. It is used for cutting and cutting various materials, most commonly wood.

Types of tape cloths

A competent approach to the choice of equipment for sawing work is necessary. In order to avoid problems during operation, it is necessary to correctly consider specifications, permissible scope, tool capabilities. Not the last role is played by the parameters of the teeth, the size of the blade and the quality of the sharpening of the cutting edge.

The variety of saws can confuse even experienced craftsman. Depending on what they process, they are usually divided into types. It could be:

Wood processing.
Stone cutting.
Metal works.
Cutting of synthetic material.

When working with metal or stone, you need to use a tool that contains heavy-duty alloys. Otherwise, there may be cases of breakage, defective processing of parts or breakage. cutting blade. Before you independently assemble or purchase such equipment, you need to decide on the main work tasks and evaluate the amount of work ahead.

If a significant amount of work needs to be done different orientation associated with the use of wood, boards, then sawing will have to be applied. To do this, you will need both logs and a processing tool - a sawmill.

Preparing to assemble the sawmill

Of course, in our time you can buy already finished materials, and industrial factory band sawmill. But often this is associated with high financial costs. It is more profitable and practical to assemble a band saw according to ready-made drawings with my own hands. This is especially true if there is private house or a garage. In this case, the sawmill is justified in living conditions.

To assemble your own sawmill, you need to have drawings, a cutting blade, some details and study a little theory. The diagram should reflect the dimensions and materials used.

Tool size selection

The length and width of the saw depends on the respective machine parameters. For clarification, you must use the recommendations and instructions for the machine, as well as drawings of a band saw for wood with your own hands.

Setting value

Tooth pitch is the distance between the sharp edges of the saw. For correct and effective use tool you need to follow the general rules:

When processing thin material a saw with large teeth is required. In this case, the pitch of the teeth must be uniform.
If the cutting surface is long, then a constant frequent step should be suitable for cutting.
To cut natural or synthetic blades, blades with variable teeth are needed. Such a saw, when working with a soft structure, will not clog and the speed of work will increase.

The quality of the cut depends on the alignment of the teeth. The better the wiring, the lower the vibration level and the longer the saw itself will last:

Before purchasing a particular saw, you need to find out if there is a possibility of re-sharpening and how many cycles the blade material can withstand.

In accordance with the material, there is the following classification of canvases:

Making a homemade device

The main elements of a homemade sawmill are the frame, the motor and, in fact, the saw. Engines with a power of 10 kW have proven themselves well. The power of such an engine allows you to cut almost any log.

The gasoline engine must fit into the body of a homemade wood band saw. The drawings must indicate the allowable parameters.

To make a homemade band saw, you will need the following materials:

Pulleys in the manufacture of homemade band sawmill suitable for any technology. Their required diameter is about thirty centimeters.

Guides are made of metal pipes. A few pipes of a half-inch diameter and a few slightly larger. In this case, pipes of a larger diameter are freely put on pipes of a smaller one with a gap of about 0.5 mm.

Tool you need:

Apparatus for welding.
Grinding machine and cutting machine.
Screwdriver, .
Hammer.
Bulgarian.

You may also need a milling machine or welding machine.

Before starting work, you need to study the do-it-yourself circular sawmill drawings. good drawing promotes fast production sawmills. You need to make sure you have all the necessary parts.

Independent connection of parts

After a thorough preparatory process, they begin to assemble the device. At the same time, it is important not to rush and check the quality of the connections of the parts well.

The assembly of a home-made band sawmill begins with the manufacture of a table with a pedestal. The mechanism will be located on this table. To assemble it you will need wooden bars, furniture board. A convenient table height and pulley diameter are calculated in advance. The table should be comfortable and contain the pulleys and the engine.

On the table should be placed necessary tools and be a place to collect chips. It is advisable to immediately consider the waste tray. Cleaning the saw will be easier and more convenient.

If there are no ready-made ones, then you need to make homemade pulleys. They can be cut out of plywood. Then the workpieces are polished, coated epoxy resin. A hole for roller bearings is drilled in the center of the pulley. The bearing itself is fixed in a sleeve made of textolite for stability. After that, the wheels are pasted over with tape rubber. Any diameter of pulleys is allowed. However, the larger the pulley diameter, the longer term saw service.

The blade depends on the size of the pulley. A very good ratio is 1/1000 saw blade to pulley diameter. In other words, if you have a pulley with a diameter of forty centimeters, then a four-millimeter tape will do. When installing the pulley, it must be ensured that the bearing shaft is perpendicular. Even with a slight deviation, wheel wobble will be observed, as a result of which the belt will jump off.

The next step is to assemble the base frame. The entire device will be attached to it. The frame is made from a corner channel and can be C-shaped. This shape holds the tape remarkably well. A metal axle is put on the channel. The frame or bed is the most important part of the structure.

Pulleys are mounted on the axle with the help of bushings. After that, they achieve their balance. A damper is used against vibration of the belt. Attach moving parts to the engine. It must be borne in mind that average speed band saw rotation is 700 to 900 rpm. This parameter must be taken into account when calculating the diameter of the drive pulleys.

It is best to put a protective cover on the engine. It will protect the drive mechanism from fine dust and chips.

For the convenience of supplying the processed material, metal corners are attached. They create a guiding mechanism.

Wooden parts must be astroganized, painted or varnished. On the one hand, it is aesthetically pleasing and prolongs the service life of the product, and on the other hand, it protects the hands of the worker from splinters from untreated wood. Before painting, the wood is cleaned with a fine sandpaper and treated with liquids that prevent the wood from rotting.

Setting, checking and sharpening

Before starting work, be sure to check and configure the device. You need to make sure that the tape forms a right angle. The slightest deviation can damage the machine and even cause injury. With the help of a driven pulley, the tape is pulled. Achieve the maximum tension of the cutting tape.

Sharpening tape blades is simple and affordable. The technology has been tested by many masters. Required special machine and a little patience. First, the initial sharpening is performed, that is, they restore symmetry, align the saw teeth, and remove small cracks on the edges. Then the saw is cleaned of dust and metal filings and wiring is carried out, restoring the rear and front corners.

The final step is the final sharpening. It is she who gives the teeth the necessary sharpness and eliminates various distortions.

Rules for use and safety

After manufacturing and setting up, you can use the sawmill in operation, observing certain rules and safety technology.

It must be remembered that the canvas can tear, burst or come off. Therefore, when in doubt about the reliability of fastening, it is better to be at some distance from the equipment.

Exist following rules electric saw operation:

As a result of proper assembly, the tool you need on the farm will appear, assembled according to the drawings of the band sawmill with your own hands. With a little dexterity, working on it is convenient and easy. The trolley brings the original cutting material. Sawing material is placed on the bed, fixed, and with the help of a saw, a log or other material is processed.

A homemade band saw needs maintenance and regular checks. In case of failures or loosening of fasteners, it is better to stop work and correct the noticed shortcomings. When operating the device, you must be careful and careful.

It is used for sawing boards, beams and other similar materials. It is manufactured by many manufacturers who provide the equipment with the best performance. To save money, this unit can be made independently.

What is needed to obtain an efficient band machine?

A home-made tape machine is made according to ready-made drawings, which are in the public domain. To do this, you need something else:

find several car parts;
select the appropriate type of rolled products;
correctly carry out all the necessary locksmith and turning work;
carry out some manipulations using a welding machine.

To make an assembly tape machine, you can use unnecessary pulleys taken from old agricultural equipment. It is best if their diameter reaches 300 mm. It is recommended to use as a guide metal pipes two different diameters. The first should be half an inch in size, and the second a little larger. As a result, one pipe can be put on another and the required gap of 0.5 mm can be obtained.

Making the base for the machine

A do-it-yourself woodworking machine is installed on a base of metal corners. They are fixed in such a position that the vertical shelf looks up. It is necessary to achieve maximum accuracy, which will prevent rapid wear of the impellers.

Racks made of profile pipes(2.5x2.5 mm). Between them, another element is mounted. It is a half-inch pipe. It is on it that the claws are installed, designed to secure the logs. These devices must move freely in different directions. To fix the material, it is necessary to hit the clamp with a hammer, which will cause it to jam.

Installation of pulleys for the machine

The presented homemade product cannot work without pulleys. When assembling given element design must adhere to the following rules:

home-made pulleys are undermined so that when putting on the belt, it protrudes several centimeters;
the fabricated structure must move, which is ensured by the presence of horizontal pipe guides;
to increase the reliability of the assembly, it is additionally fixed with bolts;
the pulleys are set at a slight angle, which will prevent the tape from slipping during operation of the equipment;
the right pulley is driven, so a spring is attached to it. During operation, it automatically tightens it;
the left pulley is fixed rigidly, since it is considered the leading one;
the diameter of the element is chosen arbitrarily, but the larger it is, the longer it takes to change the saw;
as a belt, you can use a regular bicycle frame;
for effective work machine, it is necessary to place two pulleys in the same plane as accurately as possible;
for fixing the upper element in a given position, it is best to use a self-centering type bearing.

Recommendations for installing the roller assembly for the machine

A homemade band saw for wood will work correctly and without failure when using hardened rollers. The node that they are part of is best done on your own. In this case, you can be sure of its reliability, which cannot be said about the finished mechanism. The design of this node has the following features:

The mechanism includes three bearings. Two of them are brand 202, the third is a little larger;
the shaft and rollers are machined taking into account the use of saws of different widths. If necessary, install a washer between the bearings;
the shaft enters into two tubes installed one into the other, with a slight displacement of the axis;
roller assembly is installed on homemade machine with the possibility of height adjustment or offset to the side.

table top

Varieties of cutting elements

wide blades provide high cutting precision. They are used for longitudinal sawing;
the thickness of the cutting element must correspond to the thickness of the workpiece. Thick saws can damage thin material;
while doing curly cutting the saw must have the optimal thickness and width in order to process the workpiece at different angles.

Machine frame and other additional elements

To get a band saw, you need to make a frame. To do this, use 100 mm. The height of the structure is 1.5 m. To strengthen the frame, scarves are additionally used. The block itself, with which the cutting of logs is carried out, will move along the channels due to the presence of stud screws. Bolts with locknuts are used to securely fasten the cutting unit of the machine to its base.

To other elements that must be present in the design cutting equipment include:

Electrical engine. As a drive, you can use an old power tool (drills, hand saw);
box for collecting chips and wood dust. Made from ordinary tree or plywood sheet;
a casing made of wood or metal that covers the upper pulley. Increases equipment safety.

Saw setup

A homemade band saw driven by a drill or a conventional electric motor will not work efficiently unless the saw is adjusted.

This process occurs according to the generally accepted scheme:

the parallelism of the wheels relative to each other is ensured;
to prevent displacement in the vertical direction, fluoroplastic washers mounted on the shafts are used;
the system is launched in trial mode without mounting rails;
test cut is carried out without load;
after completion of the adjustment operations, a block is installed to form the direction of movement of the tape.

If the saw of the machine is set up correctly, the wheels move smoothly without jerking. Such equipment will please with great productivity and accuracy, which is especially appreciated among the masters.

Wood is a material in demand in construction: houses and outbuildings, floors are made of boards, walls are finished with them. Band saws are often used for sawing lumber at home. Factory models of equipment are not available to everyone due to the rather high cost. But you can save money by making a band saw with your own hands. Depending on the size and the installed cutting blade, it will also be possible to work with different metals and their alloys, stone, synthetic materials, such as polypropylene.

Home inventors proposed various options designs of machine tools with band saws. For self assembly suitable sawmill model with vertical cutting blade, consisting of the following main components and parts:

frames (framework);
table for sawing;
drive;
pulleys;
saws.

These structural elements of the machine and smaller parts with basic dimensions are shown schematically in the drawing below.

As a drive, electric motors operating from a 220 V mains are often used..At the same time, the more massive it is planned to cut the workpieces, the more powerful it is recommended to install the engine. Three-phase motors(designed for 380 V) are also used. But for stationary networks, this option is associated with some additional problems: you will need to adapt the electric motor to a 220 V network by installing phase-shifting and starting capacitors for this. Instead of electric, it is quite possible to use gasoline (diesel) internal combustion engines.

The solid cutting blade is fixed on the pulleys. Sawing blanks occurs due to its movement along a closed oval or circular path.

Can do small desktop machine . The jigsaw model is shown in the photo below. Based on it, assembling the device will not cause any problems, even without a detailed description of the entire process.

Important! In the general case, the dimensions of the equipment being created depend on the upcoming tasks that are planned to be solved with its help. For the dissolution of logs into timber or boards, a large-sized unit is required. For owners of apartments with loggias, only a desktop mini-machine is suitable.

Preparatory activities

Before proceeding with the assembly activities, guided by the drawing, you should prepare necessary materials and tools. This will allow, first of all, to find out whether there is everything you need for work (you will need to buy the missing ones), and also not to be distracted by trifles during the process.

Necessary materials and tools

To make a band saw, you will need the following: materials and details:

boards or a sheet of plywood (or chipboard) from which the frame, table, pulleys will be made;
sheet steel (for saws);
a channel used to create a support frame, or metal corners, or wooden bars and slats;
bearings;
steel bar - for the manufacture of pulley axles;
electric motor;
self-tapping screws, bolts with nuts and washers;
polyurethane adhesive;
rubber from a bicycle tube;
textolite;
bushings;
wedge belt;
varnish or paint.

To work, you will need instruments:

screwdriver (with drills);
hammer;
wrenches (bolt size);
screwdrivers;
pliers;
Sander;
Bulgarian;
grinder;
jigsaw.

Power tools can be easily replaced and manual analogues. But in this case, the assembly will require more time and labor costs. When using metal corners or a channel instead of wooden bars, you will also need a welding machine and electrodes. The use of bolted connections creates additional problems with tight fit.

Making a cutting blade with your own hands is quite difficult. For these purposes, tool steel grades U8 or U10 is needed. The saw must be flexible. Its thickness for relatively soft rocks wood is from 0.2 to 0.4 mm, and for hard - from 0.4 to 0.8 mm. The length of the blade for the assembled version of the machine will be about 1.7 m. You will need to cut the teeth yourself, properly spread and sharpen them. To solder the tape into a solid ring (while end-to-end), you will need to use a gas burner and solder. The connecting seam must be sanded afterwards.

It is much easier and more convenient to purchase a finished cutting blade. good quality in the store, so as not to waste time on its manufacture. The width of the products is from 18 to 88 mm. In this case, you need to focus on the material to be cut. Manufacturers offer the following types of saws according to this criterion:

bimetallic designed to perform work on metal (stainless steel and relatively strong alloys);
diamond, with which you can saw marble, quartz, granite and other hard materials;
carbide, allowing processing high-strength alloys;
from stripes tool steel used for cutting wood.

The latter variety is often equipped with machine tools assembled at home. This is due to its affordability and practicality. But if you have to work with hard materials, then it is better to purchase a saw that is stronger, more durable and more expensive in order to minimize the likelihood of a band break.

If planned with a band saw made do curly cut , then you need to select the width of the canvas, taking into account the radius of curvature. Some relationships between these quantities are shown in the photograph below.

Advice! For even longitudinal sawing of lumber, wide cutting blades should be used. They allow for a smoother cut.

When choosing a saw for wood, you also need to consider the pitch of her teeth(distance between their centers). The hardness of the wood that can be sawn depends on this. The following are the most common tooth profiles, their markings and applications.

You also need to pay attention to tooth sharpening quality. cutting edge should be sharp and even. You should also ask the sales assistant about the possibility of sharpening it again and how many times this can be done. For your own safety, it is recommended to give preference to better canvases.

Important! For installation on the machine, it is better to choose universal saws suitable for processing wood of different hardness. This will make it much less likely to change such blades when replacing the processed material.

Steps for making a homemade band saw

To make it easier to assemble the machine according to the drawing at home, the whole process can be divided into separate stages:

assembly of the frame (frame or bed);
production of pulleys;
installation of the cutting blade;
checking the performance of the created machine.

Before starting assembly work, it is necessary to determine the installation site of the band saw being created so that there are no problems with its placement and power supply. To do this, you may even need a canopy or a special room.

Assembling the frame, table top and bar

The assembly of the C-shaped frame includes the manufacture of a tabletop with a bar for pulleys, a section with an electric motor. Construction details are made according to the dimensions shown in the drawing above. The sequence of actions in this case is as follows:

from the boards make a frame in the form of a box (pedestal) with dimensions of 42x72x50 cm;
an electric motor is installed inside;

a bar is made from a bar measuring at least 8 by 8 cm;
they are attached to it at the top and bottom along a support for plywood pulleys, placing them at such a distance from each other that it is possible to cut the workpieces with convenience different sizes;

connect the cabinet with the frame;
in the lower support under the pulley, a hole is made (approximately in the center), into which a sleeve with two bearings is then inserted;
a plywood tabletop 20 mm thick is laid on top (with textolite glued to its working surface and a slot for the cutting blade);
sheathe the sidewalls so that later it is easy to remove sawdust (waste) and clean the saw.

A hole in the lower support with bearings is needed to connect the pulleys from the motor and from the cutting belt. They will be fixed on one shaft of steel bar. To adjust the height of the machine to your own height, make a stand additionally increasing the stability of the created structure. Using welding, you can make a metal frame

Production and installation of pulleys

The pulleys are cut out of plywood in the form of circles, which are then glued together to make a part 3 cm thick. Three of them are needed in total: one for the belt drive (with a groove), and two for the belt. The latter are made with an edge convex at an angle of 5 to 10 degrees (as in the photo below), so that web self centering during operation of the equipment.

A pulley with a belt drive is placed inside the cabinet.

Its diameter is selected depending on the number of revolutions of the installed engine: it must provide a saw speed of 30 m / s.

One of the pulleys that drive the saw is installed at the bottom, and the other at the top. A hole is made in the center of the latter. Insert the bearing into the sleeve. Using glue and wooden slats, it is fixed in a prepared seat.

The upper pulley is movably attached so that the cutting belt can be pulled. Protozoa lifting mechanism shown in the photo below. Its main structural elements are spring with lever, which in necessary provisions on the different levels fixed with screws.

The lower pulleys are fixedly fixed on one shaft. A belt is put on the leader (transmits movement to the saw from the engine).

After mounting the pulleys, you need to align them so that they are in the same vertical plane. Washers are used for these purposes. The entire setup process is schematically depicted in the photo below.

It should be borne in mind that the larger the diameter of the pulleys that move the cutting blade, the longer it will last, the saw will work better. For these parts with a diameter of 40 cm, a tape with a thickness of 4-6 mm is suitable.

Installing the cutting blade and guides

The cutting tape is fixed on the pulleys. For even sawing of lumber, a home-made machine is equipped with guide mechanism. It is mounted along the side of the blade without teeth. Due to the guide, the tape will not bend with a bar. The easiest way to make this assembly is from three roller-type bearings: one of them is located on the blunt side of the saw, and the other two are on the sides of it. The detailed design of the mechanism is shown in the photo below.

Important! The guides should be almost perfectly aligned at the point of attachment to the support. If this is not done, then even a slight deviation will lead to a rather significant displacement of the tape on the opposite side.

To improve the knot, you can attach delimiters from wooden slats instead of bearings, as well as mount guides under the tabletop. You will get a mechanism similar to the one shown in the photo below.

It is better to place the guides closest to the workpiece to be sawn, the ideal distance is approximately 4 cm. If you have to process parts of different sizes, then you should provide guide rail adjustment mechanism, which will allow you to change their height from the countertop.

Finishing, setting up and testing the machine

The upper pulley at the end of the assembly of the machine should cover. On the one hand, it improves appearance created equipment, and on the other hand, it will increase the safety of its maintenance (delay the canvas when slipping).

An electric motor with pulleys and a belt drive also needs to be protected from dust and sawdust by a casing. But first it is connected to the network through a start button located in a convenient place. It is also useful for personal safety to supply power to the equipment from a separate differential automaton or install in the electrical circuit residual current device

After assembly, the vertical band saw needs to be set up and tested. These activities are performed in the following sequence.

Pull the belt to the maximum with the help of the upper (driven) pulley.
Check that the canvas is at an angle of 90 degrees to the countertop.
Remove guides.
They perform a test run of the unit and a trial cut, practically without exerting a load on the tape. In this case, the pulleys should rotate smoothly, without any jerks.

After checking, the guides are mounted in place - this will allow you to work with a load on the canvas. Then the equipment needs to be covered antiseptic composition and varnish. Such an operation will protect materials from rotting and extend the life of the band saw.

For the convenience of sawing workpieces to the countertop, it is recommended to adapt guide rail or metal corner. This must be done in such a way that it can be easily changed its position when processing materials of different sizes.

Be aware that belt warps can cause serious injury, not just prevent the equipment from operating properly.

A homemade band saw, when properly assembled and configured, will provide an acceptable quality of work and increase their productivity. Also, its use allows you to save: it is more profitable to cut lumber into blanks of the desired size on your own than to buy finished goods. If the premises are heated with wood, then thanks to the use of the unit, it will not be possible to prepare them special work. When working with self-made equipment, you must always observe safety precautions.

A lot of tasks can be done with a custom made band saw. Using the recommendations of the proposed article, it is quite simple to reproduce this device.

1 - tape drive pulley (lower), 2 - base, 3 - band saw, 4 - V-belt A710, 5 - damper, 6 - guide, 7 - carrier rod, 8 - tape drive pulley (upper), 9 - table ( plywood s20), 10 - AOL-22-2 electric motor, 11 - belt drive pulleys, 12 - bracket (steel angle 40x40), 13 - M12 nut (2 pcs.), 14 - upper support, 15 - adjusting screw, 16 - slider

The desktop of a home-made band saw (dimensions 420x720 mm) is made of plywood 20 mm thick, pasted over with textolite on top. Around the perimeter, it is edged with hardwood slats. There are narrow grooves in the table to guide the saw band. The base is a box measuring 420x720x500 mm glued from 20 mm plywood. Among other things, it serves as a place to collect sawdust.

The carrier bar is a section of channel No. 8 680 mm long, the shelves of which are cut to a height of 20 mm for convenience. The bar is attached to the table with a bracket from a 40x40 mm corner and four M8 bolts. The saw band drive pulleys are machined from 20 mm thick plywood. On the working surface, they are pasted over with dense sheet rubber, docked at the mustache. Used polyurethane adhesive. After rubberizing the pulleys, the wood is impregnated with epoxy resin, sanded and painted. The working surface is barrel-shaped, necessary to hold the running saw blade. A duralumin bushing is glued into the upper pulley with epoxy resin, in which a socket for a 60203 ball bearing is machined. The lower pulley is mounted on an axle made of 30KhGSA steel and fastened with three 5x20 screws. The axle is inserted into a box with two 60203 ball bearings mounted on the lower end of the carrier rod. At the other end of the axle, the driven pulley of the belt drive is fixed through the spacer sleeve. After installation, the belt pulleys are balanced. The principle of operation and the dimensions of the details of the saw band tension system are clear from the figures shown (section A-A).

Tape drive pulley (upper)

The gear ratio of the belt drive from the engine is i=1, so the driving and driven pulleys are the same, except for the mounting hole, which on the driving pulley depends on the motor shaft. Pulleys are made of duralumin. V-belt - A710 (in this design).

To eliminate vibrations of the saw band, a damper (vibration damper) is provided, assembled from textolite parts on M6 bolts. The fixed element of the damper is fixed at the bottom of the desktop, and the movable bar allows you to select the required gap. It should be noted that an upper damper is also provided on the band saw, however, its installation is advisable if the upper pulley of the saw band begins to "hit in diameter". Otherwise, the upper damper only increases the friction of the belt. By design, it is similar to the main one and, if necessary, is mounted on the bar with M5 bolts using a special bracket 105 mm above the plane of the desktop.

1 - base, 2 - M6 bolt (2 pcs.), 3 - strap, 4 - nut with washer.

The guide for feeding the sawn timber is made of steel angle 100x100 mm. It is desirable to grind its perpendicular planes on the machine. In one of the shelves, two grooves are made along the edges to adjust the gap between the guide and. tape, and in the middle - a cutout to increase the course of the bar. Safety during work is ensured by a protective casing that covers the entire assembly of the upper pulley of the saw band, which leaves the cavity of the casing only in the working area.

The saw blade itself deserves great attention. It must be sufficiently elastic, on the one hand, and durable, on the other. For its manufacture, we recommend cold-rolled sheet steel grade U8, U10 or 65G with a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm for sawing soft woods (balsa, linden) or 0.4-0.8 mm for harder woods. By the way, many people use steel tape measures from quality metal 0.2 mm thick and about 10 mm wide. "Automatic" modern roulettes with a curved tape profile are unsuitable - only old samples are suitable. The length of the workpiece for the given dimensions of the machine is 1600-1700 mm. On the strip-blank, teeth are cut with a file in increments of about 3 mm, after which the tape is soldered into a ring, the ends at a length of 3-6 mm are sharpened in thickness by a mustache. Then the place of adhesion is sprinkled with borax and warmed up for gas burner. Solder brand PSR-40 is applied to the joint and the seam is tightly compressed with pliers with asbestos pads on the sponges (otherwise, the joint cools quickly and the metal in this zone becomes brittle). If necessary, the joint is ground. To obtain a better cutting surface, the front and rear surfaces of the teeth are sharpened in the same way as a hacksaw for wood and slightly divorced. Of course, you can also use commercially available blades for branded band saws, but then the dimensions of the machine should be made in advance in accordance with the dimensions of the purchased blade.

The considered home-made band saw is used for straight-line sawing of soft woods (balsa, linden, aspen, spruce, pine). Harder woods (beech, oak, mahogany) can also be sawn when a 0.8 mm thick tape is installed on the machine.

Flaw this option homemade band saw - a small overhang of the blade, but this greatly simplifies the design. If a small blade overhang does not suit you, then in order for the blade overhang to be like that of branded band saws, you will have to make the location of the carrier bar like theirs and use larger diameter pulleys.

Specifications of a homemade band saw:
Maximum sawing thickness, mm
soft breeds - up to 100
hard rocks - up to 40
The smallest cutting width, mm - 0.25
Tape drive pulley diameter, mm - 240
Center distance of belt drive pulleys, mm - up to 500
Gear ratio from engine to drive pulley, i - 1
Engine speed, rpm - 2800
Electric motor power, kW - 0.6
Rated voltage, V - 380
Linear speed of the tape, m/s - 35
Tape length, mm - 1600-1700
Sawing speed, m/min - up to 5
Overall dimensions, mm - 720x420x920

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