Cultivators for summer cottages: selection, application, self-assembly. How to make a manual cultivator with your own hands Do-it-yourself cultivator paws for a walk-behind tractor

The most popular cultivators of the KPS-4 type were developed for the first Soviet tractors with a hydraulic system. However, they are still widely used, especially in small-scale production. Three MTZ-80/82+KPS-4 units are annually used at the base enterprise CJSC Progress in the Cheboksary district of the Chuvash Republic both in spring field work and in preparing the soil for winter crops. So, only in the autumn of 2012 they cultivated 850 hectares for winter crops. In the opinion of the director of CJSC V.I. Yakovlev, these cultivators do not yet have a worthy replacement under the specific weather conditions of the Volga region. However, interruptions in the supply or supply of low-quality spare parts (universal lancet shares, racks) forced the repairmen of agricultural machinery to look for ways to restore the most worn out units.
Measurements taken on 30 pcs. used universal lancet shares (USL) with a width of 330 and 270 mm from two KPS-4 steam cultivators showed that their rejection was carried out according to the wear of the toe of the CD share, where the layer deposited with hard-alloy material was completely worked out on the back side (Fig. 11.3, a). Further operation of the said LCLs is not expedient due to the intensive wear of the toe and blunting, which ultimately leads to an increase in traction resistance and excessive fuel consumption. At the same time, the radius of curvature of the worn toe of the USL is within 39....46 mm. Ho on the wings of the USL from the rear side, a strip of deposited hard-alloy material with a width of k1 ~ k2 = 9.7 .... 12.3 mm has been preserved, and the thickness of the wing is 3.2 ... 4.3 mm. The measurements were taken in the middle of the wing. Calculations on the residual strength showed that the wings of the rejected paws will fully withstand the load that occurs on the blade when processing even clogged clean fallows, as well as when it is accelerated and deepened on medium soils.
The most technologically advanced option for restoring the toes of the indicated USL is welding a trapezoid-shaped lining on the toe (Figure 11.1 and 11.2), already deposited with hard-alloy material from the back side. This form of lining is similar to the tip of a chisel-shaped ripping share. A discarded skimmer share (Н 07420010, P. 701, etc.) can be used as the starting material of the lining, in which the toe HO of the HJ line is also subjected to the most intensive wear (Fig. 11.3). The radius of curvature HJ at the moment of rejection of the plowshare was 30...33 mm, and at the same time, on the rest of the blade, carbide surfacing with a width of k3 = 10.5...13.5 mm remained, the average thickness of the attachment plane of the plowshare to the rack was 6.5 mm (Fig. 11.3).
The following recovery technology has been developed. The worn toe of the paw is aligned along the perpendicular line mn to the axis of symmetry USL. At the same time, its width CD should be no more than 40 ... 45 mm (Fig. 11.3, a). With a cutting wheel, trapezoidal blanks are cut from the discarded plowshare of the skimmer (Fig. 11.4). Since the plowshare of the skimmer in cross section has a radius of curvature p, the workpiece is straightened along the line st. Then, for a reliable welded joint, a chamfer is removed from the back side of the workpiece between the magazine and the attachment plane of the plowshare to the rack (Fig. 11.4), and the plowshare magazine thus serves as a stop (shoulders) for the lining. From one plowshare of the skimmer you can get 4-5 pieces. overlays.
It is better to carry out welding of an overlay on USL complete with a rack. The overlay and conditional connected together are fixed on a vice or with the help of a clamp, are seized by electric welding from the front side at three points and from the back side along the CD line. After checking for the coincidence of the axes of symmetry of the lining, the USL and the rack, the absence of distortions, welding is performed from the front side along the open contour CGFD with an overlap and from the back side of the HO line CD butt butt against the shoulders. Thus, on the whole, a closed contour of welding of the overlay on the USL is obtained, which ensures sufficient strength. When welding, the mounting holes of the skimmer share are closed.

During welding, as a result of thermal stresses, the parts to be welded bend inwards. Welding of the overlay along the CGFD contour bends the wings of the USL upward by 10...15 mm, significantly violating the geometric parameters of the entire working body. Therefore, immediately after welding, the wings are straightened according to a pre-prepared fixture. On a horizontal platform, a new paw (for example, N-043.052.008-B 330 mm wide) with a CO rack (for example, N-043.11.407) is installed in a position where the straight part of the rack is leaning closely against the vertical wall, and the blades of the roofs are in close contact to a horizontal platform (Fig. 11.3). In this position, the lines of blades on a horizontal platform are indicated. Since, after restoration, the cutting tip of the lining will partially protrude downwards, it is necessary to make a small indentation up to 8 ... 10 mm in place of the UKK toe. In this case, the height of the working body H can be within 425 ... 460 mm, reach L = 260 mm, radius R = 230 mm, crumbling angle α = 16 ° (Fig. 11.3).
When installing the restored USL and the stand on the device, the toe of the paw will touch the horizontal platform, and the wings of the paw will be bent upwards. Straightening consists in fitting the wing blades along the drawn lines of the template on a horizontal platform. It is more rational to perform the operation together: the welder welds the overlay, and the locksmith immediately additionally heats the toe with a propane cutter and straightens it. Then the USL is cooled in the open air in order to normalize the structure of the metal. Straightened in this way, the USL does not require additional adjustment when installed on a cultivator.
Linings for USL can be cut from the plowshares of the PRVN-53 device for the PRVN-2.5 vineyard plow. Since these devices were intended for renovating the plantation of vineyards, hop mills and were rarely used in practice, the plowshares were still preserved in the warehouses of agricultural enterprises. The PRVN share width is 85 mm (length A, Fig. 11.3). However, in this case, the pad will not have shoulders on the back.

The USL restored in this way worked out in preparing the soil for sowing in the spring field work of 2013. The average depth of processing is 10...12 cm. Agrofon - autumn moldboard plowing to a depth of 22...24 cm and autumn processing with stubble cultivators to a depth of 15...16 cm. paws from the rack is not installed. The wear of the welding seam on the front side of the paw is minimal. The clogging of the repaired USLs is not newer, no differences were observed. The restoration method is also applicable for the restoration of the paws of tilled cultivators KOH-2.8, KOR-4.2, KRN-4.2 and their modern analogues.

The cost of restoring the USL in the prices of 2012 amounted to 20 ... 23 rubles / piece. According to the work experience in 2013, the resource of the restored paw is about 1/2...1/3 of the resource of the new one. The developed technology for the restoration of the USL is of interest to private households and farms that do not have large areas of cultivation and opportunities for the purchase of new modern cultivators.
The service life of the KPS-4G cultivator tines when cultivating loamy and medium loamy soil in the conditions of the Middle Volga region is 2..3 years. The main material of the racks is MST.5 and MST.6 steel, which is less wear-resistant to soil abrasive particles than the material of the universal lancet share - steel 65G or 70G. The shaded zone BC is subjected to the greatest wear (Fig. 11.5, a), and when worn to a depth of 8 ... 11 mm, the rack bends back.
In order to restore the worn-out BC zone, the following method was proposed and implemented in the PMM of CJSC Progress, Cheboksary region of the Chechen Republic. The worn area was preliminarily filled with electric welding, approximately maintaining a radius of curvature of 230 mm. On an emery machine, the deposited surface of the aircraft was leveled and cleaned with a pneumatic grinder. The rack was then examined for cracks and pits. The detected defects were eliminated by re-welding methods, and the surface was re-cleaned.

Further, using a Sormite-1 rod with a diameter of 5 ... 6 mm as a filler wire, the BC surface is hardened using a DC electric welding machine. The polarity of the device connection is according to the electrodes used, however, according to welders, with reverse polarity, the arc is more stable and a better deposited layer is formed. The current strength for surfacing with electrodes with a diameter of 04.0 mm is 220 ... 240 A, for electrodes of 05.0 mm - 230 ... 260 A. When the deposited rack is cooled in an open environment, additional heat treatment is not required. When surfacing the tine, the radius of curvature of the tine decreases due to the tightening of the seam, however, the adjustment limits on cultivators make it possible to adjust the share according to the operating instructions.
As long-term experience of such restoration and hardening shows, repaired racks have a resource 1.6 ... 1.8 times greater than new ones. The resource of a new deposited stand increases more than 2 times.
Since manufacturers of cultivators do not surfacing the rack with hard alloy, it is rational to surfacing new ones as well. In order to remove paint and preservative grease, a new tine with a lance share is installed on the cultivator. In 2...3 shifts, the BC surface is completely cleaned, the rack with the share is removed from the cultivator, and welding is carried out without dismantling the share. The resource of a new rack increases about 2 times, and as the hard-alloy layer wears out, its resurfacing is not excluded.

The practical value of the proposal is in a significant increase in the service life of the cultivator tines, and the method is in application for electric welding surfacing.
Chisel-shaped loosening paws (Fig. 11.5, b) are not always used in practice. However, it is possible to use them as a cultivator stand. To do this, the area of the mounting holes for fastening the lancet paw is reinforced with steel plates 5 ... 6 mm thick on both sides. After welding, the rack is cooled in the open air. Then, according to Fig. 11.5.6 are marked and holes are drilled with a 011 mm drill.
The radius of curvature of the chisel is 250 mm, and the lancet legs are 230 mm. The difference of 20 mm is practically not reflected in the technological characteristics of the working body, since the adjustment of the rack attachment to the ridge allows you to eliminate minor performance errors.
The material for the chisel paw is steel 65G or 70G. However, hardening of the wear zone of the newly manufactured strut in the manner described above is necessary.

Homemade for walk-behind tractor (52 videos)

Super video compilation of the best videos

Happy viewing!

1. Do-it-yourself potato planter for a walk-behind tractor

Potato planter from Ildar Sunagatullin

How to make a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor (beginning)

How to make a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor 2

How to make a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor 3

How to make a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor 4

How to make a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor 5 (dimensions)

POTATO PLANTER homemade (tests)

Homemade potato planter. I plow and plant potatoes.

2. Homemade cultivators for walk-behind tractor

Homemade hedgehog cultivators for a walk-behind tractor

Homemade cultivator for a mini tractor from a walk-behind tractor

Homemade inter-row cultivator for walk-behind tractor

Quick weeder cultivator

3. Homemade flat cutters for walk-behind tractor

Do-it-yourself potato weeder for a walk-behind tractor. Flat cutter for walk-behind tractor

Flat cutter for walk-behind tractor. Capture 1 meter

Cultivator-weeder 2-row to walk-behind tractor

4. Homemade hiller for walk-behind tractor

Do-it-yourself disk hiller for a walk-behind tractor

Do-it-yourself disk hiller for a walk-behind tractor. Dimensions

Okuchniki for planting potatoes. Super option!

Disc hillers with cultivator shares for hilling potatoes

Photo review of creating a disk hiller for a walk-behind tractor

5. Homemade mowers for walk-behind tractors

Homemade rotary mower to a walk-behind tractor paired with an adapter
The knives are located 1 cm above each other. The rotors are made of 3 mm metal. An additional paper air filter, half of a passenger car, is mounted in the air intake.

MOWER FOR MOTOBLOC OWN HANDS (motoblock Neva MB 3)
In this video, I'll show you how a rotary mower made from scrap metal works. The grip width of a homemade mower is 45 cm, the cutting height is 3.5 cm. The rotary mower is made for the Neva MB 3 walk-behind tractor, it mows grass of any height, both low and high, well.

6. Homemade lugs for walk-behind tractor

How to make lugs for a walk-behind tractor. Manufacturing process.

Minivideo about making homemade lugs for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands.

7. Homemade potato digger for walk-behind tractor

A potato digger is designed for digging up root crops in a country or garden plot. By aggregating your walk-behind tractor with a vibrating potato digger, you will greatly facilitate the process of digging potatoes for yourself, which used to take a day of your time turning into an hour. In this model of a potato digger, the manufacturer takes into account all the shortcomings of previously released specimens. In accordance with the requests of customers who previously bought this model, changes were made to the design of the digger. To date, the Poltava vibrating potato digger is the most popular model in its class, as evidenced by search queries in Yandex and Google. Manufacturer's price, delivery to any region of Ukraine will be a pleasant end to the purchase of a digger.

Characteristics of a potato digger for a walk-behind tractor:

Capture width: up to 390 mm
- processing depth: up to 180 mm
- drive: belt
- soil separator: adjustable by engine speed
- dimensions, LxWxH: 900x670x570 mm
- weight: 34 kg

The simplest home-made potato digger for a fan-type walk-behind tractor. In this video I show the potato digger I made, which I have been digging potatoes for more than 3 years on my site.

The potato digger is made of improvised materials for the Neva walk-behind tractor, without the use of a screen. Lightweight, simple, reliable and cost effective.

8. Homemade wood splitter for walk-behind tractor

Screw splitter for walk-behind tractor

Branch shredder + wood splitter for walk-behind tractor

How to make a wood splitter

Rack splitter

9. Homemade snow blower to walk-behind tractor

Do-it-yourself homemade auger snow blower for a walk-behind tractor

10. Homemade seeder for walk-behind tractor

Corn seeder for motoblock

11. Homemade trailer for motoblock

The trailer can be attached to a car, minitractor and walk-behind tractor

Do-it-yourself trailer for a walk-behind tractor

Do-it-yourself trailer dimensions for a walk-behind tractor and a mini tractor

Any summer resident knows how laborious the process of digging a garden is. Every time with the onset of spring, we imagine with horror how much effort will have to be spent to process a rather large piece of land.

However, modern technology can greatly facilitate our task. And here we are talking, of course, about such a tool as a garden cultivator.

In this article, we will consider what this unit is, what it is used for, what types of this garden tool are and how to make a cultivator with your own hands.

Motor cultivator – This is a tool for agricultural work.

Designed for tillage, namely for cultivation, loosening, plowing, hilling, cutting furrows, harrowing, digging up root crops or weeds.

How to choose a cultivator?

To date, a huge number of these devices from various manufacturers are presented. Manufacturers such as DDE, Champion, MTD, Elitech, Texas and others have proven themselves best.

When choosing one or another model, it is important to be guided by such parameters as relief, area, quality and composition of the soil, as well as the tasks that you set for yourself. In the garden equipment store you can find a wide variety of tillage devices.

So, according to the purpose, the following types of cultivators are distinguished:

For continuous tillage - used for pre-sowing tillage with simultaneous harrowing.

For inter-row tillage– designed for inter-row tillage with simultaneous top dressing with mineral fertilizers.

For pre-sowing tillage - used for loosening with layer-by-layer crumbling of the soil, including for the destruction of weeds, leveling and compacting the soil.

Motor cultivators are also subdivided depending on the mechanisms that drive the device:

Electrical. As a rule, they are used on small household plots up to 6 acres. Such cultivators work through an electrical cable from an electrical outlet. Such models are characterized by low weight, compactness and the absence of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. At the same time, they have low power and are practically immobile (only within the length of the cord).
Rechargeable. Like electric ones, these units are also designed for processing a small area of soil. They differ only in greater mobility while maintaining other characteristics similar to electric cultivators.
Petrol. This is the most popular type of this product. Powerful, mobile, high performance. Disadvantages include emissions to the atmosphere and the need for regular maintenance.

Another type of garden tool, which has also found wide application among the owners of suburban areas - this is a manual cultivator for giving. It is a very simple design, namely, curved fingers, hooks or metal stars on the base, attached to a long metal holder. Such a device enables the summer resident, without bending, to quickly cultivate the soil: loosen it and remove stones and weeds.

What is the best cultivator?

There are a number of factors to consider here:

Types of work to be carried out
Area of cultivated land
Feature of the landscape (are there beds, flower beds)
Financial opportunities

Attachment. When choosing one or another type of cultivator, it must be borne in mind that there are additional structures that can be installed on a garden unit. It can be a plow, potato digger, aerator, rake, lugs, running wheels, etc.

The possibility of working with one or another attachment depends on the model of the cultivator. Therefore, at the time of purchase, specify which equipment can be used with the model you have chosen.

Homemade cultivator

Of course, this unit is not a cheap pleasure. And if the funds do not allow you to purchase this useful tool, but at the same time you don’t feel like wielding a shovel for days on end, you can try to make a cultivator with your own hands.

There are many ways to create a homemade cultivator. You can make it from a bicycle, a chainsaw, a Minsk motorcycle. Consider the simplest option - a manual cultivator from the wheel and frame of a children's bicycle. In fact, such a tool can be made from any scrap metal that you have in your country house.

We will need a frame and wheel of a children's bicycle, a cultivator's lancet paw (you can also find it among unnecessary trash in the country or buy it for a penny at a garden store). Such a device will allow you to dig up 5 acres of a potato field in just 40 minutes.

What is this design?

Homemade cultivator: 1 - support wheel; 2 - cultivator lancet paw; 3 - bicycle frame.

The design of this mechanical assistant is so clear and simple that it allows you to understand its structure without drawings and complex diagrams and create exactly the same unit.

And here is a video about the simplest version of a manual cultivator, but at the same time very convenient for a small amount of work:

A manual cultivator is a tool for gardening work related to the cultivation and loosening of the soil. We will talk about several design options for this tool, starting with the simplest manual version and ending with an electric motor version.

We make a manual cultivator with our own hands

The simplest option is the Tornado cultivator

The simplest in its design, the Tornado cultivator is a bit like a corkscrew on a vertical handle ending in a horizontal handle.

"Tornado" - manual cultivator for light soil cultivation

It is done independently simply, from ordinary pitchforks. Beforehand, buy a plastic nozzle for the handle of a shovel in the form of a handle at the hardware store - they are used on both forks and shovels for ease of use. Since the handle of the original Tornado is a long horizontal tube, our handle also needs to be finalized.

To do this, we use a piece of plastic pipe about half a meter long and with a diameter slightly larger than the thickness of the nozzle we bought for a plastic shovel. We carefully cut the pipe lengthwise, then turn the edges of the cut to the sides and put it on the acquired nozzle. It is advisable to attach the pipe to the handle of the nozzle so that it does not fidget during operation and does not move from its original position. As a result, our horizontal cultivator arm will protrude approximately 25 cm in both directions.

Making a handle for a manual cultivator Tornado

Now you can do the most interesting and bend the teeth of the fork in the shape of a corkscrew. To do this, we will use an ordinary hammer, from the blows of which the metal teeth will bend in any direction. At the same time, it is necessary to compare the result with a photograph of the original model of such a cultivator and carefully repeat all the bends of the teeth present on it.

Variant of a cultivator from bicycle parts

Another manual cultivator brought to your attention has a more complex device and one can even say that it is partly mechanized. To make it, we need a frame and a wheel from any old bicycle.

Manual cultivator from bicycle parts

We attach a cultivator head to the bicycle frame, which can be a finished head from any cultivator or a self-made structure made of pointed steel bars. If available as a cultivator head, a small plow can be used.

A convenient handle for reliable control of the cultivator is made from pieces of steel pipes or aluminum. For the crossbar, take a small piece of pipe with a diameter of 2-2.5 cm. All parts of the cultivator are assembled together with bolts, the nuts on which are tightened as much as possible so that the whole structure is rigid.

Structural diagram of a manual cultivator from bicycle parts

A medium-diameter wheel is bolted to the frame with special wing nuts or regular lock nuts.
With this homemade cultivator, weeds can be easily destroyed by weeding the space between the rows of plants.

How to make a manual cultivator

The main part of this model of a homemade cultivator is five steel pancake disks that are put on the axle and can be rotated on it. Three out of five disks contain sharp L-shaped teeth, which are working bodies for loosening the soil. Pins with bearings are installed at the ends of the axle, to which steel brackets are attached, connected on a wooden handle.

Scheme of a toothed plower:

1 - pancake discs,
2 - L-shaped teeth,
3 - axis, 4 - trunnion,
5 - steel bracket,
6 - handle

Pancake discs and axle are either machined independently. or an order is made for their manufacture on a lathe. In the outer surfaces and in the side faces of the three discs, five holes are drilled to fix the teeth from a steel bar with a diameter of 10 mm.

Discs with teeth are put on the axle, then we install pins with bearings and washers.
Rolling on the soil, the cultivator discs pierce the ground with their teeth and loosen its top layer. Sharp teeth cut weed roots, crush the soil and promote its aeration.

Disc rotary cultivator

With a homemade rotary cultivator, you can harrow, break up large pieces of earth and level the surface of the site. The scheme of this model is shown below in the figure and is called a disc cultivator.

Homemade disc cultivator:

1- disk,
2 - axis.
3 - bushing,
4 - large bracket,
5 - small bracket,
6 - stock,
7 - pipe,
8 - handle

The working body of the disc cultivator are hemispherical convex discs welded to the bushings. Two hemispherical discs are put on two axles, the ends of which are fixed in brackets with cotter pins.
Pipe 7 with a crossbar, into which handles 8 are screwed, passes through a special ledge welded to a large bracket 4. The end of a rod 250 mm long and 24x2 mm in diameter with a blind threaded hole is welded to the small bracket 5, into which a rod with a diameter of 16 mm is screwed, the upper end of which ( with lamb) protrudes above the crossbar.
Steel discs 1 should have a hemispherical shape, and it is not easy to make them with this shape from ordinary 4mm thick steel plates. You need to hit hard with a hammer, “knock out” the bowls from the blanks.

The winglets at the end of the rod allow you to adjust the angular position of the hemispherical discs. When the lambs are rotated clockwise, the rod and the rod move upward, lifting up the small bracket and the inner ends of the axles, as a result of which the angular position of the discs will change.

Manual cultivator video compilation

There are many more ways to make cultivators for loosening the earth with your own hands, for example, the designs of home-made cultivators from a chainsaw are known.

All you need is the ability to understand a little about the details of machines and electrical engineering, as well as a little imagination. Here is an interesting video that shows how to make a do-it-yourself electric cultivator from a bicycle frame, chain and sprocket, as well as a washing machine engine.