How to grow onion sets and get onions from it. How to grow large onion bulbs

Growing onion-turnip in two years (sowing culture)

The essence of the method lies in the fact that in the first year, small bulbs with a diameter of 1-3 cm, weighing 1-4 g are grown from seeds. With this method, the bulbs ripen earlier and the onion is better stored in winter. Ripening is accelerated by 30-45 days.

Soil and seed preparation is carried out in the same way as when growing from seeds in one year. To obtain a well-ripened sowing, sowing is carried out densely, with a distance between rows of 12-13 cm, and in a row the plants are 1-2 cm apart from each other. Per 10 square meters. m will need 50-75 g of seeds. If nigella is rarely sown, then sowing on fertile soils will grow until autumn and will not ripen.

Seedlings are weeded and loosened 2-3 times, but not thinned out. When a second leaf appears, top dressing is carried out mineral fertilizers at the rate of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate, 10 g each, potassium chloride - 5 g per 10 sq. m.

Two months after sowing, only three or four leaves are formed, the height of the plant reaches 20 cm, small bulbs begin to form and the leaves turn yellow and die. Cleaning starts in August.

Harvesting time has a significant impact on the yield of onion sets. The earlier the onion sets finish the growing season, the deeper the dormant period and the later it leaves this period. Optimal time harvesting - 7 days after the start of lodging of leaves. A sign of sevka lodging is a single lodging of leaves and their tops. Harvesting should not be delayed, since with the onset of rainy weather, the seedlings start to grow and are poorly stored.

Onion sets are pulled out of the ground by hand, left for 10-15 days to dry, turning over daily. The tops are removed only after complete drying, when it becomes thin and brittle. After drying the sowing in the garden, it is finally dried indoors and put into storage until the spring of next year. Biggest Harvest onions are obtained from a fairly large set with a diameter of 22-25 mm, bulbs are obtained somewhat smaller from a smaller set.

Onion sets are stored at a temperature of +12...18°C. Seeds that are stored at a low temperature can produce more shooters.

Growing turnips from onion sets

Processing of seedlings for planting in May begins at the end of April.

To prevent the formation of arrows and activate the growth of primordia, as well as to disinfect onion sets, 20 days before planting, they are heated at a temperature of +45 ... 40 ° C for 8 hours.

To combat onion thrips and stem nematode, seedlings are disinfected in hot (+45 ° C) water for 10 minutes before planting, and then immediately immersed in cold water.

To grow onion turnips, onion sets are planted in rows with row spacings of 20–25 cm; in a row, small sets are planted every 8–10 cm to a depth of 3–4 cm. Onion sets should be planted in moist soil when it is at a depth of 5–10 cm will warm up to + 10 ... 12 ° С. Landing in unheated soil will facilitate the start of shooting.

For 10 sq. m requires 400-600 pieces of seedlings, when planting bulbs with a diameter of 1-1.5 cm, they will weigh 350-500 g, with a diameter of 1.5-2.2 cm -700-800 g.

Onion care should be the most thorough. No culture responds to timely loosening of the soil, watering and top dressing like onions. Care consists in weeding and frequent shallow (4-5 cm) loosening of row spacing.

The first feeding is done 10 days after planting: 10-15 g of urea, 30-40 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium salt per 10 liters of water. If the plants grow intensively, nitrogen is excluded from top dressing.

In the second top dressing in early July, 30 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium chloride are dissolved in 10 liters of water. One bucket of solution is spent on a row 10 m long.

At the beginning of growth, the onion needs sufficient moisture. Excess moisture in the second half of the growing season leads to the fact that the formation of bulbs is delayed. Dry and hot weather is necessary for the ripening of the bulbs. If the weather is wet, you can cover the bow with a waterproof film, but air it daily.

Green and onions have been loved by everyone since ancient times. Without it, it is difficult to imagine almost any dish. national cuisine. There is an opinion that onions are quite easy to grow, but in order to get large and fleshy heads, as well as long and juicy "feathers", some effort is needed. How to grow onions at home?

planting material

Onion sets for planting in the ground are well known to all gardeners who want to grow this vegetable crop at home. That's what bulbs are called. not big size obtained by sprouting onion seeds.

Upon purchase planting material you should pay attention to its quality, since the future harvest directly depends on it. The size of the bulbs is considered optimal - 1.5-2 cm. Planting material less than the indicated parameters runs the risk of drying out with a lack of moisture. In doing so, attention should be paid to appearance sevka - it must be tight, strong, not have traces of damage by pests, not be dried or rotten.

Planting sevka

Before planting in the ground, it is important to properly prepare the planting material. To do this, it is necessary to warm the onion for several hours at a temperature of 40 degrees, and then soak in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 30 minutes to disinfect. Can be used instead of potassium permanganate modern drugs, such as "Fitosporin", "Gamair", "Planriz".

It is necessary to plant onions at a distance of 4-6 cm from each other, while between the rows there should be a free space of 40 cm. The planting depth is regulated by the size of the sowing, however, the tail of the onion must necessarily look out.

Seedlings appear approximately 9-10 days after planting in open ground. During this period, it is necessary to moisten the earth if it is too dry, and also gently fluff it. However, this should be done as carefully as possible so as not to damage the delicate roots of the vegetable crop.

Growing from seed

Some gardeners, having a negative experience of growing onion from sets, germinate the seeds on their own. To do this, you need to place the seeds in a humid and warm environment (ideal soft fabric wetted with water). After germinating the seeds, it is necessary to place them in the ground and wait for the shoots. After some time, small bulbs will form - sets. They need to be cleaned of soil and stored in a dark, cool room. Onion sets are suitable for planting on next year.

How to grow onions from seeds? There are two known methods:

Seedless cultivation is practiced in areas with a temperate climate. To do this, it is necessary to sow onion seeds (nigella) directly into open ground to a depth of 1.5-2 cm. To speed up germination, you can soak the seeds in warm water. In this manner vegetable crop planted in early spring, and 24 weeks after that, you can harvest. Unfortunately this way not suitable for northern regions, as the onion will not have time to fully ripen.
Podzimnaya landing involves planting seeds in winter period. for this, it is necessary to place them in the ground to a depth of 6-7 cm and pour a layer of humus 2-3 cm on top. It is recommended to prepare beds for onions in advance, before the ground has time to freeze.

When choosing a method for growing onions, you need to focus on climatic conditions region of growth, as well as personal preferences regarding the convenience of planting.

seedling cultivation

Even experienced gardeners are wondering how to grow onions in order to get the highest yield possible. In addition to acquiring ready-made planting material in the form of seedlings and planting nigella (onion seeds) in open ground, there is seedling method cultivation.

To simplify cultivation, it is recommended to use special containers or boxes for seedlings, as well as ready-made soil mixtures. For seedlings, it is necessary to sow the seeds in the ground, moisten it and cover with a film until germination. The temperature in this case should be about 18-25 degrees, and after the appearance of sprouts, it must be reduced to 10-12 degrees to prevent stretching.

A week after the appearance of the first shoots, you can increase the temperature environment up to 18-20 degrees. In the same period, it is necessary to remove the film daily for some time in order to ventilate the seedlings.

Watering is carried out as needed, but it should be remembered that the soil must always have moderate moisture. It is also recommended to fertilize with ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride and superphosphate. When the seedlings are about 10 cm in size, they are considered ready for planting in open ground.

Landing Features

How to grow onions to get the most high yield? To do this, it is necessary to take into account all possible nuances when planting a vegetable crop. For example, onions love fertile soils and are reluctant to grow in clay soils. In addition, the vegetable loves sunny areas and good lighting throughout the daylight hours.

The size of the beds is determined by the gardener based on the free space on the site. However, the row spacing should be about 40 cm, this will allow the formation of large bulbs.

Planting time varies from region of residence of the gardener. In the strip temperate climate this is the end of April - the beginning of May, when the earth is already warm enough. Also, 3 weeks after planting, it is recommended to treat the crops with Bordeaux liquid to prevent the appearance of a variety of fungal infections.

top dressing

Fertilization is necessary for the formation of large bulbs and large green feathers. The first top dressing is necessary in the phase of active growth of green onions. To do this, dissolve 25 g of urea in a bucket of water at room temperature and apply under each plant.

The second top dressing is necessary 3 weeks after the first (approximately in the first half of June). It is produced using superphosphate and potassium salt in proportions of 20 and 10 g, respectively, per bucket. clean water. You can also use nitroammophoska in the amount of 2 tablespoons for a similar amount of liquid.

How to grow onions without the use of mineral and organic fertilizers? This is only possible on chernozem soils, however, even with such favorable conditions there is no guarantee that the harvest will please with abundance. On poor soils, it is also recommended to apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

Watering

Tips for growing onions always include information about watering vegetables. With moderate humidity and regular natural precipitation watering should be carried out 1 time in 2 weeks. In dry weather - once a week. at the same time, it is necessary to loosen the soil to destroy pests and provide air access to the roots. In the last month before harvesting, watering stops completely. However, it is necessary to continue to regularly loosen the soil.

Pest control

How to grow onions from seeds or seedlings with minimal damage from various insects and disease? Most often, bulbs are susceptible to fungal diseases, such as powdery mildew, root rot or pests - onion fly, nematode, thrips, hoverfly.

When the first signs of damage appear (withering, light spots on feathers, curling), it is necessary to treat the vegetables with biological insecticides. Apply chemicals it is highly undesirable for processing, especially if onions are grown on a feather.

Harvesting

How to grow onions is already known, it is also necessary to know when and how to harvest. The degree of maturity can be determined by the feathers of the plant, which begin to dry out. Harvesting must be done in dry and sunny weather by pulling the bulbs out of the ground. After that, they must be decomposed and dried for 7-10 days for fresh air. If the vegetables are not dried, then there is a high probability of rotting during long-term storage.

Growing vegetables in winter

In the cold season, the desire to eat fresh herbs intensifies. How to grow at home? There are several ways:

Growing onions for greens (as the easiest way) can take place on the water. To do this, you need to take a strong onion from the store and insert it with roots into a glass of water. In this case, you can cut the tail - this will accelerate germination. It remains only to wait for the growth of onion feathers and timely replace the water with fresh water.

How to grow onions on a windowsill on the ground? To do this, you need to take the earth for flowers and pour it into a container. Then plant the store bulb in the ground and water it. Green feathers will appear within a week after planting. When using this method, rotting of the bulb and the accompanying unpleasant odor can be avoided.

The question of how to grow onions on the windowsill was asked by almost any housewife. There are several secrets:

in order to get the most delicious harvest, you can highlight the "beds" with a lamp;
if you plant bulbs in flower pots, then you can create not only a useful, but also a beautiful "garden" on the windowsill;
to increase the juiciness of feathers, they can be sprayed periodically with water from a spray bottle.

There are no special secrets on how to grow onions in winter, because these methods are familiar to everyone from early childhood.

For those who know how to grow onions, but want to expand their knowledge, a selection of recommendations from experienced gardeners:

Every year, to grow this vegetable crop, it is necessary to change the place of growth, since repeated cultivation in the same area can adversely affect the quality of the onion heads.
Onions cannot be hilled, but they respond positively to shallow loosening of the soil.
The soil must not be allowed to dry out, otherwise the vegetable risks growing insufficiently juicy.
If an unwanted arrow with seeds begins to form on the onion, then it must be removed, otherwise all the power will go into it, and the bulb will be small.

How to grow green onion, it is useful to know not only gardeners, but also housewives, since the taste of fresh feathers of this vegetable can significantly improve the taste of many dishes. In addition, its cultivation at home is not particularly difficult.

Onion is a plant that no housewife can do without. Today we will tell you how to grow good bow, because, probably, there is no such dish where this wonderful vegetable would not be added. We eat it daily and large quantities. Therefore, each family needs a lot of onions. Someone prefers to buy ready-made, but someone wants their own, from their own garden.

Growing methods

Like any other crop, onions require attention and adherence to planting rules. If you do not know how to grow a good onion, then we will tell you. There are several ways:

using sevka;
from seeds (nigella);
spring planting;
landing for the winter.

We will not talk about each of them, but only about those that will allow us to grow a good one and its feathers.

We plant sevok for the winter

It is this method of proper care gives 100% results. In our natural conditions to get a healthy onion crop, use sets. Can be grown from seeds, but only in a greenhouse, because in open field your plant may not have time to mature before the onset of cold weather. So, before growing onions from sets for the winter, choose a place to plant. This culture loves non-acidic loam. Most suitable place there will be a bed on which potatoes, tomatoes or cucumbers previously grew. Before planting, treat the soil with a solution of copper sulphate. Sets should be small, without damage, leave about 5 cm between them. Planting is recommended in early October. Top with peat or sawdust. Do not be sorry, pour more. Remove carefully in the spring upper layer to make your bow shoot arrows.

succulent feathers

The greenery of this plant is very useful. You can enjoy it not only in summer, but also in winter. How to grow Everything is very simple. Buy some seeds first. In the greenhouse, you can sow them in October, and in the garden, start from April. If you want to quickly get a green onion, then you can sow at the end of March under a film. Dig up the bed, remove weeds and fertilize with minerals. Do not forget about drainage, as onions do not like stagnant water. The bed should be well lit and ventilated. Seeds can be germinated in advance at home (but not necessary). Sow in rows, keeping a distance of about 20 cm between them. Do not sow deeper than 4 cm. As soon as shoots appear, thin out the feathers. Feed the onions first with nitrogen fertilizers, then with phosphorus and potash.

Care rules

How to grow a good onion? Take care of him! This plant is unpretentious, but still the basic rules for caring for it must be observed. Namely:

loosen the soil regularly;
manure is useful for onions, but it must be applied no earlier than two years before planting;
excess moisture is harmful, so water only when necessary ( warm water);
choose a sunny and open landing site;
do not be late with the planting dates (usually onions are planted as soon as the first leaves begin to bloom on the birch);
instead of potassium, it is better to use ash (in any quantity);
Harvest only when the feathers are dry and the sun is shining.

Now you know everything about how to grow a good onion. We wish you a rich harvest and great health!

Onions are a favorite crop that is easy to grow and easy to store.

There are a huge number of dishes that cannot be cooked without onions. And although it is inexpensive, many housewives prefer to grow their own onions - eco-friendly and tasty.

Some varieties of onions are valued for good harvest, others for precocity, others for excellent taste, fourth for unpretentiousness and resistance to cold. Some varieties of onions are used exclusively for forcing greens, while others are good for bulbs.

Ways to grow onions

There are several ways to grow this vegetable:

For 1 summer season. You can get a turnip by planting seeds in early spring or using seedlings.

For 12 months. For this use winter sowing.

For 2 years. We grow onion sets, turning it into turnip next year.

Planting onions before winter

Popular types of onions

The most common types of edible onions and their characteristics:

- Onion. It has long tubular hollow leaves of bright green color. The bulbs are quite large in diameter, with yellow, white, and sometimes purple husks. It has a pungent odor and pungent taste. Used in cooking, used in traditional medicine. In cultivation, it is relatively unpretentious.

- Shallot. It has narrow long leaves with thick walls. Bulbs are often small, oval or round in shape, white, rarely pale purple. Greens taste pleasant, with a slightly spicy aftertaste and a delicate smell. Shallots are softer and more juicy than onions. Shallot is used in folk medicine, as it contains calcium, potassium, iron, carotene and vitamins C, PP, B1. It tolerates adverse conditions, cold-resistant.

- Batun. A perennial plant, it has a false stem instead of bulbs, and the leaves reach a length of up to 50 cm. The leaves of the onion start growing from spring and grow until autumn frosts. The plant is cold-resistant, so it can overwinter in the ground. Batun is rich in vitamins, minerals and salts. You can harvest up to three times during one summer.

- Leek. This is a biennial plant. His homeland is Asia, from there he migrated to the Mediterranean. In Russia, leek is very popular.

The following types of onions are also in demand today: chives, slime, wild garlic (bear), blue and giant onions.

How to prepare a place for onions

It is necessary to choose a place for planting, taking into account the fact that the onion is photophilous. You can not plant it in shading, lowlands. It is advisable to make narrow ridges in order to process the area more conveniently. Onions grow best on fertile, moderately moist, breathable and non-acidic loams. This vegetable crop prefers ventilated beds where air does not stagnate. You should not plant onions in those places in the garden where not rotted manure was introduced last year.

The soil is dug up in the fall, weeds are removed and fertilized. In the spring, when the snow melts, the soil is loosened with a rake or dug up before sowing onions, leaving the structure of the lower soil layers intact, which helps to retain moisture in it.

When planting, you must follow the rules of crop rotation. Only after 3 years can the onion be returned to its old place. It is recommended to plant onions in places where they grew in the previous year: potatoes, early cabbage, rye, cucumbers and tomatoes.

Planting onions

Seeds or sets are planted in prepared and carefully loosened beds. Onion seeds are planted in spring, the distance between the beds should be 12-18 cm and between the bulbs 1.5-2 cm. Close up to a depth of about 2 cm. After that, the soil is watered and then mulched with straw and sawdust or covered with a dark-colored film to prevent it drying out.

Preparing onions for planting, processing before planting onion sets

Onions can be safely planted next to carrots, beets, radishes and cucumbers. Also nearby may be dill, parsley and spinach (the latter should be moved away from legumes).

Watering and feeding

The lack of moisture in the spring is noticeable especially on the leek: its feather acquires a bluish tint, and the tips dry out and begin to bend. With an excess of moisture and in case of a lack of light, the feather becomes thin and pale. Therefore, moderate watering of onions is especially important. After planting, in May or June, onion beds are watered twice a week, spending from 7 to 11 liters of water per 1 square meter. Later, watering is reduced to 1 time in 2 weeks, as the onion head ripens.

With a weak growth of the onion and the slow development of the plants, it is fed. To do this, you need to take 30 g of superphosphate, 15 g of potassium chloride and 15 g of ammonium nitrate per bucket of water, which is designed for 1 square meter of beds.

How to grow onions on a feather

It is possible to grow green onions from all varieties. It is better to choose the one that has more rudiments. It is necessary to provide the garden with enough sunlight or artificial light. This is necessary for acquiring a bright green color and for the best palatability. When choosing a place, one must take into account that the type of soil must have the ability to retain moisture.

How to plant onions on a feather

When using bulbs as planting material, they must be soaked in water before planting. They are chosen with a diameter of 2.5-47 cm and cut off the top. This contributes to an increase of 55-75% in the amount of greenery.

You can grow onions on a feather from purchased seeds that do not need to be prepared for planting: they are sold pre-treated. Seeds, like bulbs, must first be soaked in warm water, which stimulates growth.

How to grow onions

Soil cultivation for onions begins in the fall, while the site is deeply dug up with a shovel or plowed into plowing. In early spring harrowed, limiting the evaporation of water. Subsequent processing is carried out taking into account the characteristics of the soil. Planting sevka and big onion carried out on a plowed or dug up plot in a prepared garden bed.

Growing onions on a feather in winter

Growing onions in soil or substrates. You should pick up a container with a height of no more than 6 cm. You can use 2 containers, while alternating the landing time. garden soil calcined in the oven or spilled with a strong solution of potassium permanganate, then with water.

How to save onion crop?

It is not enough to grow onions on your site, you still need to properly save it. Storage requires compliance with the rules:

1) Proper drying of the crop. The process takes place in 3 stages:

Drying onions in the garden;

Cleaning onions, cutting off areas affected by infections;

Drying vegetables at a temperature of 30-35 degrees outside the garden.

How to weave a bow into pigtails

2) Onions should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area. Air temperature - from 0 to 20 degrees, and humidity - 60-70%.

3) On long-term storage usually ripened, not overripe bulbs are selected. They should peel off the scales and should not show signs of disease or injury.

The editors of the site hope that these tips will help you get a good harvest on onion beds. How to protect it from diseases and pests, read our next article.
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