Indoor insects. Various insects that live in the apartment, and means of dealing with them

What insect pests are able to colonize city apartment and multiply, as well as what kind of harm to the inhabitants of the dwelling - we will get to know each other.

Insects that have settled in an apartment are divided not only by appearance, but also by the damage that they can cause to residents and pets. With some representatives of pests who have chosen human habitation, people sometimes get along, but there are those that make such a neighborhood unbearable.

These insects are from the category of those who are able to turn the lives of the inhabitants of the apartment into a living hell, while posing a direct threat to health. When bitten, they share with the victim of the attack pathogens of formidable infections that directly enter the bloodstream, causing a guaranteed infection in the bitten. In addition, allergies occur in the affected areas, itching and redness are noted. The situation with bites can lead to dermatitis.

bed bugs

These small insects in the apartment are hardly noticeable, they hide from the light, attacking only in the dark. They live and breed in dark inaccessible areas - crevices, niches, behind cabinets and hanging paintings, at the bottom of sofas and armchairs, inside household appliances.

They are small, strongly flattened brown insects. They are found in the apartment rather by the left excrement and blood marks on the bed.

They are suspected by science as carriers for bites of such infections that are insensitive to humans:

smallpox;
Hepatitis B;
tularemia;
tuberculosis;
typhoid fever;
brucellosis;
anthrax.

But the most tangible sign of such a neighborhood is the deprivation of restful sleep and itchy marks on the skin from night bug attacks.

By the way! Bedbugs, having got to a constant source of food, without being detected and harassed in time, will populate even the most well-groomed apartment, absolutely regardless of the observance of the owners sanitary regulations. Therefore, it is not entirely correct to assume that bedbugs are an indicator of slovenliness, and even more so, you should not be ashamed of the fact of their appearance in the house.

Fleas

These frisky and painfully biting insects in the apartment are also not easy to detect - the flea moves with lightning speed in a jump that can reach half a meter. A bloodsucker can be seen only at the moment of a bite, which, due to pain and itching, cannot be confused with other types of insects that can populate an apartment.

The body of the flea is small, devoid of wings, narrow in the sides, covered with tiny bristles, due to which the bloodsucker feels at ease in the thick of wool or pile, the chest and head have characteristic ridges. The color is predominantly brown.

Insects similarly try to occupy cracks, niches, carpets, soft upholstery and other areas of the apartment that are safe for them. When bitten, they can endow the victim with such a “bouquet” of infections:

Sarcopsillosis;
pulicosis;
bacteria of plague, tularemia, brucellosis;
salmonella and rickettsia;
hepatitis and encephalitis viruses;
protozoa and helminths.

Pay attention to pets, to the presence of rodents in the basement and in the attic of the house, to bird nests in the area of windows and balconies. These are the most likely foci of a flea invasion of an apartment.

Lice

The head louse is not literally a domestic insect that inhabits an apartment, since it lives and breeds exclusively on the human hair zone. But the wardrobe loves to live on the villi of clothes, in its folds. From there, it easily moves to the host's body, where there are hairs, and is saturated with his blood.

The body of the head bloodsucker is less oblong and has a color closer to gray, and the clothes cover of the body is transparent, through which you can see the contents of the abdomen filled with blood.

The bites of these insects are very sensitive and are accompanied by a disturbing itch that provokes scratching on the head. Infection with lice and nits is called pediculosis.

These domestic insects in the apartment cause both damage to health and damage to property located in the room. Therefore, they are also actively destroyed by the residents, whose house they dared to take a fancy to.

cockroaches

Everyone recognizes these insects running around the apartment, even without a photo and a name. Of the many cockroaches, only two have taken root in humans - a brown Prussian and a black cockroach.

These household pests, being completely omnivorous, absorb almost all organic matter in the apartment - food residues, paper, fabrics, leather. There are documented facts of gnawing the surface layer of the skin in sleeping people.

Possessing a superbly developed gnawing apparatus with powerful hard jaws, the cockroach is capable of inflicting painful bites. And since this usually happens at night, when the insect feels safe and is active, sleeping children are especially susceptible to the threat.

Contacting regularly with garbage, insects transfer pathogens of dysentery, salmonellosis to fresh food and utensils, and can cause disorders digestive system cause allergies.

For your information! In addition to pesticides, they die from the cold. They love not only heat, but also dampness.

Brownie (pharaoh) ants

It is easy to notice these yellow or light brown small insects in the apartment - they do not hide, openly traveling in colonies along the walls of the dwelling, occupying any space they like, where it is warm, not dry and there is a lot of food. They can be found in the most unexpected places - between the pages of books, under wallpaper, in packaged cereals, in closets with clothes.

An insect family can reach several hundred thousand individuals, and an anthill can cover the territory of just apartment building. Therefore, it is so difficult to remove them from the apartment - all rooms in the house, both residential and common, have to be treated with insecticides.

They bite painfully, while enduring some dangerous viruses in particular poliomyelitis. Small pets can be killed by hiding in the respiratory passages.

mole

This nondescript butterfly also needs no introduction, as it is known to everyone for its ability to gnaw through fur, leather and fabrics, making clothes unsuitable for further wear, and also spoiling food.

(domestic) "specializes" in furs, doing on fur products"haircut" and laying offspring there.
(room) in the imago stage does not cause harm, but its caterpillars make holes in clothes and upholstery upholstered furniture without hesitation and plant food- stocks of cereals and flour.

There is also a grain moth, which is also called a barn moth, it can also appear in a dwelling, because it feeds on rice, wheat and corn. But the apartment is not a typical habitat for her.

At any time of the year, uninvited guests in the form of annoying insects. They appear due to dampness, lack of sanitary conditions, can also enter the premises through open windows and doors or through manholes in walls or risers.

White insects in the apartment - who is it?

How to deal with white insects in the apartment?

Prevention of the appearance of small midges and bugs in the apartment

Firstly, avoid the accumulation of dust and dirt in the room, since small bugs most often start in dusty places. To protect furniture from pests when wiping dust, you can use a polish, such a preparation has a double effect - it removes dirt and repels insects with a specific smell;
Secondly, monitor the condition of pipes and risers in the apartment, eliminate the manifestation of condensate on windows and glass-ceramic surfaces, it is moisture that attracts wood lice and other types of silverfish;
third, periodically thoroughly ventilate the room, so you will saturate your living area with oxygen and help eliminate all insect egg layings laid by this time, since pests do not tolerate cold;
fourthly, to protect your apartment from the invasion of small pests, it is worth using harmless products such as soda while cleaning the premises, laundry soap, lemon, - these components do not have negative impact per person, but they do an excellent job with insects;
fifth, an excellent means of preventing the appearance of insects in kitchen and wardrobe cabinets, as well as among books, is the use of herbs. Rosemary, lavender, walnut, eucalyptus have a pleasant smell for humans, but many insects do not tolerate this aroma. You can use dry bunches of herbaceous collections, laying them out on shelves and under tables, for the same purpose in kitchen drawers it is permissible to lay out unpeeled garlic cloves.

By taking precautions, you will not encounter the problem of removing insects from your apartment, so you should not neglect them, especially since all the proposed means are very simple and accessible to everyone without exception.

The bugs in the apartment are different: small, large, various shades. The appearance of insects, lifestyle and eating habits are also different. Some feed on the blood of warm-blooded creatures, others leave characteristic bites. However, all insects in the apartment are attracted by special conditions of existence. For this reason, for effective fight need to study pests.

To prepare for destruction, one should consider representatives of the main species often found in human habitation. If you understand what domestic insects are, why they start up, what they eat, it will be easier to deal with them. Living conditions attract moths, ants, flies, silverfish, wood lice and grinders.

More about moth

In a human dwelling, you can find different representatives of this species:

fur moth
Clothes
Food.

Destroys wardrobe items made of natural and semi-synthetic material clothes pest. The preferred food of the fur coat moth is natural fur and wool.

Food brethren grind down cereals and other groceries. An adult may not eat at all, but the young generation, after emerging from a cocoon, is the greatest danger. This means that it is the larvae that destroy stocks, spoil clothes, and flying insects do not pose a danger, they only lay eggs.

Officially represent a group of crustaceans, but are often referred to as insects. Wood louse can live on the first floors apartment buildings, next to a source of dampness and moisture (basement). In terms of lifestyle, these pests are more like cockroaches. Representatives of the rough woodlice variety are found in apartments much more often.

As you might guess from the name, pests need the main source of life - water. This means that it is easier to deal with them, you just need to block access to moisture. These creatures pose a danger to stocks of vegetables, plant shoots.

It strikes wood materials, while remaining unnoticed. It should be clarified that the insect larvae cause harm, and not the beetle itself. Almost the entire tree is damaged. The insect gnaws through it, forming long passages. However, pests do not get to the surface, thereby creating the illusion of the integrity of a piece of furniture or wooden structure. At one of the stages of development, the larvae pupate, which usually occurs in areas immediately under the bark. Then the bugs appear.

These insects in the home are more common where you can access the sewer. So they inhabit the bathrooms and toilets. The development of larvae occurs in sewers, garbage. Flies are different small size, and the wings are much larger than the body. This is the main criterion by which houseflies differ from butterflies.

Ants

Representatives of two varieties can live on the territory of a human house / apartment: (aka brownie), ant-thief. Fighting them is usually ineffective, since insects build nests in different areas, which are sometimes located outside the apartment. Ants harm food and are a source of disease-causing microbes. To destroy these insects in the apartment, it is necessary to act together with the neighbors.

They may appear in places with increased level humidity, where it is also quite dark. Insects do not pose a serious danger, although they eat groceries. Representatives of the sugar species of silverfish love sugar. However, the diet is based on organic scales, which pests find in dust deposits in crevices, on the floor, and baseboards. They come out of their hiding places at night.

Types of small beetles and their features

In the kitchen, pests of very small sizes of brown or black color can often appear. Among them, kozheedy, flour beetles are more common. Some common beetles in a residential apartment are skin beetles, for example, a bread grinder. All these insects have an individual set of food habits.

It is characterized by small size (average 1.75-3 mm), color - brown. These little bugs can eat a variety of foods, but prefer flour products. In the absence of other food, dried fruits, dried herbs, books, grains are affected. The larvae inflict irreparable harm, since the products where they have been can not be eaten. Adults do not feed, but make moves in bread products and other food.

There are different types of domestic insects. Among them is another small pest - flour beetle. The size is slightly larger - reaches 5 mm. This is a pest that lives in the kitchen and appears in cereals and flour, bran. Color - brown with a red tint. Sometimes Khrushchaks are called red bugs.

Introduced different types, each of which harms certain objects and products. It can be a fur coat, carpet kozheed, bread grinder. If things in the house suffer from natural materials: fur, leather, it is highly likely that a fur coat pest has wound up. Representatives of the carpet species live, respectively, in the carpet. bread grinder destroys products.

Clothes pests settle on clothes, but feed on human blood. It is noteworthy that representatives of each of the varieties can only be found on the corresponding parts of the body.

Interesting video:All about insects living in your home

Pests that destroy house plants

Thrips, whiteflies, springtails, mealybugs are common among them. Insects differ in appearance, eating habits.

Characterized by small size (up to 1.5 mm), live with inside sheet. Egg laying is difficult to detect, since the offspring are laid in plant tissue. This makes it difficult to control insects. Thrips of all plants prefers dracaena, ficus, monstera and citrus fruits.

The size of the pest is small (1-3 mm). Characteristic difference - wings white color. There are many varieties of whiteflies (about 200). However, more than others, white insects in the apartment, belonging to the following species, have become widespread: citrus, tobacco, greenhouse. Favorite food: geranium, fuchsia, gloxinia, feces, ferns.

Do you know all your neighbors? Sure? Some of them are so small that you just can't see them. Insects live in almost every home. It's a fact: even if you can't see them, it almost always means that the "roommates" are just very successful in hiding. In some cases, insects in an apartment are absolutely harmless, but some of their species pose a serious danger not only to food and things, but also to the person himself. In general, get acquainted!

For thousands of years, people have sought shelter, starting with the first cave, then building shelters from tree branches and leaves, and making tents from animal skins. Time passed and were developed additional tools, mankind began to build houses from strong wood and stone, houses appeared. And always, from the very first dwelling, various insects lived next to a person. Today we see them uninvited guests and prefer to live without them. But if you think about it, they were before us, and they will be after us. Here is a list of 15 little creatures that you might share your home with. They are also called synanthropes (non-domesticated plants and microorganisms whose lifestyle is associated with a person and his housing, for example, cockroaches, house flies, house mice, bed bugs).

15. Spiders

Spiders are probably one of the most common creatures we share our homes with, and some of these arachnids will appear on this list more than once. In nature, there is a great variety of spiders, more than 45,000 various kinds. In general, modern spiders have spread around the world over the past 200 million years, which is mainly the reason for their widespread and diversity. Nothing bad spider does not do it in the house, sometimes it even benefits - it catches flies. Our ancestors had a huge variety of signs associated with spiders, mostly positive. Spiders are said to be harbingers of good things. But, probably, if you trust the signs too much, then you will completely overgrow with cobwebs.

14. Ground beetles

Just like spiders, beetles are very ancient and perfectly adapted creatures for survival. There are more than 40,000 species of ground beetles alone in the world, and these insects come to our homes without an invitation. The most common is the grain beetle. They usually cause damage to crops in the fields, but are increasingly found in ordinary apartments. The grain beetle crawls into the apartment only if it likes the living conditions. As soon as the insect enters the house, at nightfall it goes to look for food (crumbs, food left on the table, cereals). Ground beetles interfere with sleep, rustle, fall from the ceiling onto the bed or right on you. And if they have found food, then the next step will be their reproduction. So, if the grain beetle appeared in the house, urgent action must be taken.

13. Crickets

The wise cricket, who gave advice to Pinocchio, probably looked somehow different. And ordinary crickets are creepy insects, sometimes huge size. A popular sign says that if a cricket is wound up in a house, then this is fortunately and well-being. But the people whom this "happiness" visited in large quantities, do not share this point of view and are looking for ways to get rid of them. About 2.3 thousand species of these insects are known in the world, of which only about 50 are found on the territory of Russia. Most of them live in subtropical and tropical countries. Our most famous species are field cricket and brownie cricket. Brownie cricket in the southern part of the country lives both in apartments and in nature. In the central and northern regions, he lives only in houses next to a person, while giving preference to old warm rooms with high humidity. These insects live and breed well in warm basements flooded with water. Sometimes crickets can spoil food and even things in the apartment, just like moths. Therefore, although popular belief does not advise offending them, it is better to bring out crickets. Unless, of course, you liked the "night concerts" that crickets usually arrange.

12. Book louse

11. Carpet Mite

Scientists have found over 1,000 different types of house mites, and they all cause damage. great harm to a person, and all year round. Any carpet or carpet perfectly collects dust, it accumulates in its villi and even daily cleaning will not give a positive result - there will still be dust and mites. Ticks, unlike most insects on this list, are very harmful to humans. The mites themselves are able to leave their waste products in the form of feces, which contain digestive enzymes, they destroy the cells of the human body and can cause severe allergies and asthma. The harm caused by carpet mites is not limited to allergies: conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, atypical dermatitis and others can develop. Dealing with them is simple - throw away all carpets and upholstered furniture, once and for all!

10. Dark-winged mosquito

The main harm is squeaking and disturbing sleep! Thank God, mankind has invented many ways to get rid of mosquitoes. Mosquito nets, repellents and fumigators are a whole industry. Arrange fresh branches of elderberry, bird cherry, Caucasian chamomile or basil in the rooms, and place a container with tomato seedlings or geraniums in a pot under the windows and on the balcony. Mosquitoes do not like the smell of these plants, so they will want to leave your house as soon as possible. According to folk omens, these small, disgustingly buzzing bloodsuckers - mosquitoes - are capable of bringing not only absolute harm, but also benefit, predicting the weather and future events. Clouds of mosquitoes - good weather tomorrow. painful mosquito bites and especially active buzzing of bloodsuckers - to soon bad weather and night rain.

9 Spitter Spider

As previously mentioned, there will be more than one species of spider on this list. Spiders of this species catch prey by spraying a liquid onto it, which renders it harmless by freezing on contact into a poisonous and sticky mass. You can observe the habit of spiders to swing from side to side. They do this in order to wrap their prey. Most spiders are only capable of producing silk, but Scytodes spitting spiders are an exception. Together with silk, they release poison from their mouths, and silk strands impregnated with toxin, falling on the victim of a spider, fetter it. These spiders are not dangerous to humans, they do not weave grandiose traps, and they look unremarkable. But still, they have one feature - during the hunt, they "spit" their prey. It may sound a little harsh, but it's true. For this they got their name "spit". Spitting spiders live in both warm tropical and temperate regions, including Russia, in human homes, where it is warm.

8. Clothes moth

The moth inhabits houses and is a household pest whose caterpillars spoil fabrics by eating them and gnaw on silk upholstery of furniture. Damage to products is caused only by caterpillars, because adults are deprived of a gnawing type of mouth apparatus. At dark night time, adult moths fly to an artificial light source. According to some data, room moth caterpillars also feed on substances plant origin, namely grains of wheat, barley, oats, corn, flour and dry bread. The room moth is widespread worldwide, this type of Lepidoptera is a serious pest in human homes. They feed on clothing, carpets, rugs, and upholstery, as well as fur, wool, feathers, and miscellaneous items such as animal bristles used to make toothbrushes and piano fibre.

7. Woodlice

Generally speaking, wood lice are not insects (they belong to crustaceans), but they lead about the same lifestyle as cockroaches. When threatened, they collapse, simulating death.

In most cases, wood lice start up only in those apartments where it is constantly damp, for example, water is leaking from pipes. These insects are excellent indicators of various plumbing failures and flange depressurization. The appearance of wood lice in the apartment, first of all, should worry lovers of indoor flowers, because if measures are not taken in time and removed, the plants will die soon. First of all, these insects harm moisture-loving tropical plants that have a thin and delicate root system(orchid, fern, cactus), hitting it, so if you have just such plants, then you should fight more actively.

5. Ants

IN different time year and in different regions countries in an apartment, and even more so - in a private house - you can often meet representatives of various types of ants. Very often, ants in an apartment are random guests brought in on clothes or with things. Among them are insects. different sizes and flowers. However, the real pest in the apartment is only the so-called pharaoh ant - independent view heat-loving small ants, which in our latitudes, in addition to residential heated premises, cannot live anywhere. These red ants in the apartment are a real problem: they are numerous, spoil food, can carry pathogens of various diseases, and besides, they are removed with great difficulty.

In one colony of domestic ants, several dozen queens and up to 350,000 workers can live. The reasons for the fact that red ants appear in an apartment, although not numerous, can be found in almost any home. That is why small red ants successfully conquer more and more new areas and with a high probability can appear in any apartment, even the cleanest one.

4. Silverfish (common silverfish)

You may have seen them somehow in the bathroom or toilet if you went there in the middle of the night (they quickly run away when the lights are turned on). Those thin, silvery, little things on the floor? Do you remember? They are called silverfish. Like most of the other creatures on this list, silverfish don't pose any real harm to us, they don't bite. Cases of contact did not reveal a negative impact on human health. Eat foods of plant origin containing starch or polysaccharides; but they may not eat anything for months. Their diet may include sugar, flour, glue, book binding, paper, photographs, starchy fabrics. From storage facilities can be brought into the house through the purchase toilet paper or cardboard boxes paper napkins. Harmless to humans and pets and are not carriers of disease, but may damage wet paper.

Them scientific name"common silverfish" (lat. Lepisma saccharina). It is believed that silverfish is one of the oldest living insects - its ancestors lived on Earth more than 300 million years ago, back in the Paleozoic era. Silverfish prefer damp and dark places, if the house is dry and light, then there will be no silverfish there.

3. Cockroaches

The remains of cockroaches are, along with the remains of cockroaches, the most numerous traces of insects in Paleozoic deposits. In addition, cockroaches are the earliest known Polyneoptera, possibly descending from an ancestor of the entire subcohort. They have always been and will be on Earth. More than 4600 species of cockroaches are known; especially numerous in the tropics and subtropics. Within the territory of former USSR- 55 species. IN last years popular reports of population decline certain types cockroaches in the CIS (they say they completely left the apartments in St. Petersburg and some other cities - no one was upset, but the reasons are interesting).

A number of cockroaches live in human dwellings, being synanthropes, for example, a red cockroach (Prussian), or a black cockroach. Others are brought with tropical products to temperate countries and sometimes take root in heated rooms ( american cockroach). Cockroaches can hurt food products, Leather Products, book bindings, room and greenhouse plants. Some cockroaches, feeding on various garbage, including feces, are carriers infectious diseases(for example, dysentery) and eggs of worms.

2. Spider-harvest

Harvest spiders building trapping webs are ubiquitous. They hang upside down on their messy, tangled, uneven web. Webs are built in dark damp niches of caves, trees and under stones, in dens abandoned by mammals, for example, in cellars and various buildings. In man's houses they like dry and warm places near windows. How dangerous are harvester spiders to humans? Suffice it to say that what poison they have, they spend exclusively on their victims, inflicting a paralyzing bite on them. Nothing more is enough for him. The main reason for declaring war on arachnids is arachnophobia. Some people do not even tolerate them visually, in others, a creature that has fallen on the body causes panic fear. The problem is so serious that psychologists are dealing with it.

1. Flycatcher

The common flycatcher, also known as the domestic centipede, is often found in private houses and cottages, and is also found in apartments. Due to its large size, repulsive appearance and high speed of movement, this insect, which suddenly appeared in the house, often terrifies the residents. But the domestic centipede is a peaceful and completely harmless insect. Usually they appear in search of food from the street or from a neighboring apartment. If centipedes can find a permanent source of food in the house, then there is a high probability of their appearance in this room. Especially often centipedes are found in private houses, settling in basements, basements and underground floors, from where they go hunting, moving around all rooms.

Which insects from among the pests are able to populate a city apartment and multiply, as well as which one to harm the inhabitants of the dwelling - we will get to know each other.

bed bugs

They are small, strongly flattened brown insects. They are found in the apartment rather by the left excrement and blood marks on the bed.

They are suspected by science as carriers for bites of such infections that are insensitive to humans:

smallpox;
Hepatitis B;
tularemia;
tuberculosis;
typhoid fever;
brucellosis;
anthrax.

But the most tangible sign of such a neighborhood is the deprivation of restful sleep and itchy marks on the skin from night bug attacks.

By the way! Bed bugs, having got to a constant source of food, without being detected and harassed in time, will populate even the most well-groomed apartment, absolutely regardless of the observance of sanitary rules by the owners. Therefore, it is not entirely correct to assume that bedbugs are an indicator of slovenliness, and even more so, you should not be ashamed of the fact of their appearance in the house.

Fleas

Insects similarly try to occupy cracks, niches, carpets, upholstery and other areas of the apartment that are safe for them. When bitten, they can endow the victim with such a “bouquet” of infections:

Sarcopsillosis;
pulicosis;
bacteria of plague, tularemia, brucellosis;
salmonella and rickettsia;
hepatitis and encephalitis viruses;
protozoa and helminths.

Lice

The bites of these insects are very sensitive and are accompanied by a disturbing itch that provokes scratching on the head. Infection with lice and nits is called pediculosis.

cockroaches

Everyone recognizes these insects running around the apartment, even without a photo and a name. Of the many cockroaches, only two have taken root in humans - a brown Prussian and a black cockroach.

Contacting regularly with garbage, insects transfer pathogens of dysentery, salmonellosis to fresh food and dishes, can cause disorders of the digestive system, cause allergies.

For your information! In addition to pesticides, they die from the cold. They love not only heat, but also dampness.

Brownie (pharaoh) ants

A family of insects can reach several hundred thousand individuals, and an anthill can cover the territory of the entire apartment building. Therefore, it is so difficult to remove them from the apartment - all rooms in the house, both residential and common, have to be treated with insecticides.

They bite painfully, while carrying some dangerous viruses, in particular, polio. Small pets can be killed by hiding in the respiratory passages.

mole

(domestic) “specializes” in furs, making a “haircut” on fur products and laying offspring there.
(room) in the imago stage does not cause harm, but its caterpillars make holes in clothes and upholstery of upholstered furniture, not disdaining plant food - stocks of cereals and flour.

There is also a grain moth, which is also called a barn moth, it can also appear in a dwelling, because it feeds on rice, wheat and corn. But the apartment is not a typical habitat for her.