What you need to open a company. Tax system: what to choose? Paid registration of an LLC with the help of a specialized company

Many start-up entrepreneurs at the initial stage, when registering their activities, face a lot of formal problems. For example, you need to open an LLC on your own, without the help of a lawyer. This procedure is simple, but without knowledge of the regulations, it is beyond the power of some people. Market legal services today it is developed enough to provide professional assistance in this area to everyone. Also created many teaching aids, which tells how to open an LLC. The step-by-step instructions given in them are very convenient, but most business people prefer to entrust the problem to specialized firms. As a rule, this is due to the desire to save time and avoid errors in documents.

OOO

First you need to define legal status future enterprise. It depends on several factors, this is, first of all, the form of tax and accounting, respectively, the types of funds paid to the budgets different levels taxes. The most common form today commercial enterprise serves society with limited liability(OOO). In accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation, an LLC is a legal association that can be organized by both citizens (individuals) and enterprises. At the same time, the statutory share is distributed among business owners (founders), each of which bears economic responsibility only in the amount of its contribution.

"I want to open an LLC!"

Before starting this troublesome process, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with legislative acts regulating the work of the company in this status. This is the federal law“On Limited Liability Companies” No. FZ-14 dated February 08, 1998 and August 08, 2001 “On State Registration of Individual Entrepreneurs and legal entities". After studying these documents, many entrepreneurs will have a question: "How much does it cost to open an LLC using specialized company"When comparing the costs, it turns out that the amounts are approximately equal. Which helps to open a turnkey LLC, get a seal, statistics codes, open a current account, will cost an average of 20 thousand rubles. Moreover, this price is average for the country, from Moscow to Vladivostok When trying to open an LLC on your own, the amount of costs can be much higher, especially if you have to submit documents several times due to mistakes made.

Where can I register a company

Open an LLC in Moscow or Novosibirsk - only the owner can choose. The registration procedure, the list of documents, the sequence of actions are the same. The place of registration depends only on the legal address of the future company, respectively, it is necessary to contact the tax office of the registration area. You can open an LLC in another city quite simply by placing a production base there or renting a room for a central office. Many entrepreneurs optimize tax payments in this way. However, the law does not regulate the number of organized companies, i.e. how much to open an LLC. In today's economy, holding companies are gaining ground. Production activities carried out by one organization, the second is engaged in retail, the third produces wholesale supply. This scheme is beneficial for entrepreneurs to optimize the tax burden.

How to open an LLC: step by step instructions

The main difficulty is the correct filling a large number documents, although, according to some entrepreneurs, this is a kind of school for all future activities. At the initial stage, everyone determines for himself what is more profitable for him: to pay for the result or to achieve it himself. So, to open an LLC on your own, you need to go through the following steps step by step.

Stage 1. Name

Not the most difficult, but the most responsible first step. We create a company, lay its foundation. First, the title. The owner's fantasy is limited only by the legislation of the Russian Federation, specifically article 1473 Civil Code, each paragraph of which contains a specific requirement for the title. A prerequisite is the indication of the form of ownership commercial organization(CJSC, LLC, JSC). The use of the word "Russia" in the name in various variations is possible only with the consent of the Government of the Russian Federation, which will evaluate not only the scale and activities of the company, but a lot of parameters that are not related to commerce.

It is also necessary to remember that there is a full name of the company and its abbreviated counterpart. For use on letterhead and internal regulations enough short version, for example LLC Shmel. Most articles of incorporation require full version, for example, Shmel Limited Liability Company.

At the initial stage, it is also necessary to determine the scope of the enterprise. The number of species is limited to 20. Accordingly, the selected OKVED codes will appear in registration documents.

Stage 2. Founders and capital

The number of founders (owners) of the business is determined. Depending on their equity participation and the size of the contribution, the authorized capital is formed. The number of participants depends on which LLC to open. There can be from 1 to 50, depending on the size and scope of activity. The amount of the cash or non-cash contribution of each co-owner is not regulated, the law establishes only the lower limit of the size of the authorized (share) capital - 10 thousand rubles.

The share can be paid in cash, assets (property), working capital. At the same time, non-cash funds are necessarily subject to an independent assessment. Based on its results, the monetary value is determined, which is the amount of the contribution. If there are several owners, then the general meeting selects a director, who is not necessarily a member of the founders. The order on his appointment and the minutes of the meeting are additional documents to the charter of the company.

Stage 3. Address

The created LLC must have a legal address. If one of the founders owns a non-residential premises or office suitable for the company's activities, then it may appear as a place of permanent registration. In the case of renting space, you will need letter of guarantee from the owner (landlord) with confirmation and a lease agreement drawn up in an approved regulations form. Registration of an LLC is possible at the address of the place of permanent residence of the director (or general director). In this case, a copy of the passport is provided.

Stage 4. Charter

Creation of the charter of the future company is a very important issue. This document is the basis for state registration (registration) of an LLC as a legal entity. The charter of the enterprise must contain the following positions:

• Name (full and abbreviated).
• Address (legal required, actual optional).
• Management bodies, decision-making procedure, documentation.
• Statutory (reserve) fund, composition, size, procedure for increasing and decreasing, transfer of shares to third parties.
• The composition of the founders, the procedure for the entry of new members, the withdrawal from the membership of the company.

The charter is printed in 2 copies, must be signed, numbered, stapled and certified.

Stage 5. Taxation system

This point is very important for financial activities future company. It is necessary to determine the taxation system for work. Tax and accounting, types and procedures for reporting, fees that the company is required to pay - all this depends on the chosen regime (USN, KSNO, UTII). As a rule, on this stage consultation of the chief accountant is required, if he has already been hired, or a specialist auditor to establish the entire system and optimize it.

The final item of the preparatory stage is the payment of the state fee. It can be made through any branch of Sberbank, its size today is 4 thousand rubles. Before submitting the documents, the original receipt for the deposit of funds must be attached to them.

Stage 6. Documents

The next step in registering a company is to collect a package of documents and submit them for processing to the tax office. law firms and outsourcing companies can tell you in detail how to open an LLC. Step-by-step instructions at this stage provide for the collection of the following papers:

1. Charter of the company (2 copies).
2. Decision (agreement) on the establishment of the company, protocol general meeting(in case of several founders).
3. The composition of the owners.
4. Statement application form registration (in the form P11001). The signature is notarized.
5. Orders (instructions) on the appointment of the chief accountant and director (general) of the organization.
6. Letter of guarantee when renting a building - the bearer of a legal address.
7. Receipt confirming the deposit of funds for registration.
8. Statement of the applicable taxation regime, if the simplified tax system is used.

You can prepare the above documents for free using this service.

Stage 7. Check

Stitched, certified documents should be carefully reviewed again. If an employee of the tax inspectorate finds an error, then the registration of the enterprise will not take place. All work will need to be carried out again, while the paid state fee is non-refundable. The next submission of the full package of documents must contain a new receipt for the transfer of funds.

When opening an LLC through a specialized company, the package of documents is finalized free of charge. In this case, the errors are eliminated at the expense of the company with which the contract for the provision of relevant legal services has been concluded. The tax inspector is required to issue a receipt with complete list documents received for processing. The date of receipt of registration certificates is also indicated there, if there are no questions to the papers provided.

Stage 8. Receipt of documents

The official processing time for documents is 5 days (working). After that, the applicant must contact a specialist and get a decision. In case of refusal of registration, the reason is indicated in the official document. We start the process anew, correct the shortcomings and re-solve the issue of how to open an LLC. The step-by-step instructions above will help you with this. With a positive decision, the following documents are issued:

1. legal entity (LLC).
2. Certificate (assignment of TIN to the organization) on tax registration.
3. Charter, certified by the tax office.
4. Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities.

Stage 9. Registration

After registering with the local tax office, the LLC must be registered with all relevant funds and the statistics department. Statistical codes assigned after the presentation of the Charter, an up-to-date extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, TIN, PSRN, are used to open a current account for the enterprise. At the moment it works, so there is no need to go to extra-budgetary funds on your own. The tax office must issue a notice of registration of the enterprise with the FSS, PF and the health insurance fund. If one of the documents is missing, then you will have to visit this department yourself. You must have all the papers issued by the tax office and a passport proving the identity of the applicant with you.

Step 10. Print

We can say that the registration was successful. Certificates of registration in all non-budgetary funds have been received, the organization is registered as a taxpayer, you can proceed to final stage. We create the seal of LLC. Today, the service is widespread, when contacting the appropriate workshop, each company will be offered several options for official and round seals, not to mention additional stamps. Moreover, if kept strictly, business style(name, details, company codes), then seals for internal use may contain the company logo, which gives scope for the owner's imagination.

Stage 11. Accounts

Where to open an account for an LLC? For most entrepreneurs, this issue is not difficult. Of course, with the bank you need to have partnerships and business relationship that are built on trust. In this case, reputation plays a big role. financial institution, his technical equipment, location of the nearest office (branch), service fee for settlement, currency and special accounts.

Particular attention should be paid to customer support. Should work modern, comfortable, with high level performance program served technical services jar. You should be able to obtain appropriate specialist advice at any time without any problems. The choice of a credit institution is currently quite large, so any newly registered legal entity has wide selection. The legislation of the Russian Federation does not limit companies in the number of accounts, therefore, if such a need is seen, several settlement or special service units can be opened in different banks.

Stage 12. Final moment

After opening one or more current accounts, it is necessary to provide all information about it to the tax office and funds within seven days (7 working days). In case of violation of deadlines by government agencies penalties may be imposed. If a new company led by the director independently successfully passed all the tests Russian legislation and bureaucratic red tape, it has a huge development potential. It turned out to open an LLC on its own, it remains to wish success in professional activity!

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Owning a business is the dream of many Russians who are tired or not ready to be employees. Having promising business- the plan should determine in what organizational and legal form to register your enterprise, choose the optimal taxation system and solve a number of other issues. You can learn how to open a company in Russia from experienced lawyers who are well acquainted with the procedure for registering legal entities.

Optimal legal form

The most profitable and optimal organizational and legal form in terms of taxation and the complexity of maintaining accounting and reporting is an LLC. This is the conclusion that most entrepreneurs who want to start their own business without extra costs. You can cope with this task on your own, following the step-by-step instructions of an experienced lawyer.

The owner (or owners) will have to:

• - prepare the necessary package of documents;
• - determine the types of activities;
• - form the authorized capital;
• - choose the optimal taxation system;
• - go through the registration procedure;
• - open a bank account;
• - make a seal;
• - choose an office;
• - hire staff.

To organize and register a company with this form of ownership, one founder is enough, but the total number of participants cannot exceed 50 people.

Registration documents

To create your own company in the form of a limited liability company, you need to prepare a package of documents in which in addition to the application form P11001 must include:

1. the decision of the founder (taken solely) or the minutes of the meeting of the founders (if there are several of them);
2. company charter;
3. memorandum of association (subject to the creation of a company by 2 or more persons);
4. a document confirming the payment of the state fee;
5. a duly executed power of attorney (if a representative is engaged in registration);
6. application for the transition to an acceptable taxation system.

Before submitting documents, you need to take care of the legal address. The registration authority will require a document, will require confirmation of its availability. If this is a rented or own premises, you will have to provide a letter of guarantee signed by the owner; if the company is registered at the address of the general director or founder, his written consent will be required.

Regarding the size authorized capital, then it cannot be less than 10 thousand rubles, and must be fully paid within 4 months after the registration procedure.

Tax system: what to choose?

Current legislature Russian Federation allows you to select the following types:

• - simplified (USN);
• - general (OSNO);
• - single tax on temporary tax (UTII);
• - unified agricultural tax (ESKhN);
• - patent system (PSN).

Most Owners modern companies prefer "simplistic". This system is best option for owners small firms. Its advantages are obvious:

1. you will have to pay one tax regularly, instead of three;
2. contributions to the budget are made once a quarter;
3. reporting is submitted once a year.

The system allows you to choose taxation at 2 rates:

• - 6% (all profit received by the enterprise is taxed);
• - 15%, which are levied on the company's income (this takes into account the expenses that the company had in the process of work).

Companies that have chosen common system, pay property tax, income tax and VAT and are required to regularly submit reports on them.

Companies operating on UTII pay a deduction to the budget, the amount of which depends on the type of activity, the size of the area on which it is carried out, the presence and number of employees.

ESHN can choose an enterprise, 70% of whose income is received from the sale of agricultural products.

The patent system is intended for firms whose line of business requires obtaining permits(patent).

Choice of activities

Any enterprise is created only when its founders know what they want to do and have a business plan for the development of their company. However, you should think about the fact that in the process of work, related areas may appear that will make the business even more successful. When filling out registration documents, you will have to indicate one main type of activity and any number of additional ones.

Not a problem if in the course of work the company needs to add additional types activities. This can be easily done by writing a relevant application to the tax authority.

Registration procedure

Having prepared the necessary documents, choosing the types of activities and the optimal taxation system, you can proceed to the final stage - the submission of documents. Modern legislation allows you to do this in several ways:

1. personally or through a representative;
2. by mail;
3. using the Internet.

Having chosen the first option, you should contact the registering authority of the Federal Tax Service at the location of the company's legal address. AT major cities this function has been transferred to multifunctional centres. If the submission of documents is carried out by a representative, you must take care of the presence of a notarized power of attorney. In case of personal transfer of documents, the presence of all the founders is necessary (in the same composition, you will have to pick up the documents). Consideration of the application and the adoption of a decision is carried out within three working days from the date of their submission.

When applying by mail, you should be aware that you do not need to visit the registration authority to receive ready-made documents. They will be sent to the legal address of the company. The disadvantage of this method is the mandatory notarization of the signatures of all the founders, and this is a significant cost, to which postage is added.

Online applications are the most popular. A special service is simple and easy to use, which allows you to fill out the necessary forms effortlessly even for people who are not confident Internet users. In addition, the program is configured in such a way that the applicant will not be able to send forms filled with errors, and this greatly simplifies the procedure for accepting documents.

Also on the topic of starting your own company, see:

Any commercial company created by one or more individuals can be called an LLC if it has limited liability, that is, they can be liable for their obligations within the framework of their authorized capital, which they collected to open it.

The shares are proportional to the funds contributed to the company, this is enshrined in the charter. The status of such a society is defined as a legal entity. When organizing a new limited liability company, it is necessary to draw up its charter and create an authorized capital.

The main activities that are necessary to create an LLC

So, what you need to open an LLC:

1. Come up with an original company name, it must be in full and abbreviated version in Russian, except for the name itself, it is written in full: “Limited Liability Company”. In an abbreviated version, you need to write the abbreviation of the name and society. You can call society foreign word or in the language of one of the peoples of the Russian Federation.

Examples:

In full writing, you need to write: Limited Liability Company "TV Repair Service No. 27". In abbreviated form, this entry will look like this: "SRT No. 27" or LLC "SRT No. 27".

When working with payment orders or when making a company seal, it is better to use the abbreviated version, and documents sent to Pension Fund with a short name will be more readily accepted.

1. Decide on the type of activity. There may be a main activity and an additional one, but it is important to determine the main type of your activity.
   All types of possible activities of limited liability companies are defined by the classifier, it is officially called OKVED. The digital value of the code is quite large, it is not necessary to completely rewrite it, it is enough to write at least 4 digits.
   When choosing the activities of the company, codes are indicated, they must comply with the contractual obligations of the company.

If you decide, after registering, change field of activity, then they should be added to founding documents, and you do not need to pay for their registration with the tax office.

The rate of insurance premiums depends on the professional activity of the company, for example, if your activity is only in the office, then its size is small compared to those organizations that are employed construction business, it is determined by the OKVED code.

The choice of field of activity will also determine the ability to work in simplified taxation when for your employees you will need to deduct not 26, but only 18% to the Pension Fund.

1. Decide on a legal address. This address will work executive agency company, for example, the CEO. By the legal address, you can find out which tax office the company will belong to.

For example, you found non-residential premises and are going to open an office of your society in it: after you have registered, you will need to sign premises lease agreement for a certain period.

An important note when drawing up a lease agreement: if the term exceeds 11 months, then it must be registered with the registration service at the location of the object. If it is not registered, then at any time it may be declared invalid.

When choosing the legal address of the company, pay attention to the premises, how many companies are registered on it. If there is a lot, then you may be denied the assignment of this address to your society, and a prerequisite is the presence letter of guarantee from the owner that he is ready to provide you with a room for registration of the legal address of the company.

When collecting documents for registration of a legal address for your organization, it is important to provide:

• The contract for the lease of this particular premises, it must be certified by both parties to the contract
• The act of acceptance and transfer of premises from the owner to the tenant
• Notarized copy of the certificate of ownership of the premises

You can specify CEO's address as the legal address of the company. As follows from the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, Article 17, paragraph 2: “You can use a residential building for the implementation labor activity unless it violates the housing rights of other persons residing in it.”

1. Determine the founders of the company, that is, its members. They can be either individuals or legal entities, residents or non-residents: citizens or legal entities of foreign states.

In the event that among the founders there are legal entities, then when collecting all required documents for registration, you need to have an extract for them from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and indicate the executive body. You should know that if the company consists of one person, then it does not have the right to include in the founders economic organization, which has only one face.

If your founder is individual , then for registration it is necessary to photocopy the passport (all pages), and indicate its TIN.

If you are not registered with the tax office, and you do not have an identification number, or you forgot to indicate it, your society will not be registered.

If your founder foreign citizen, then in order to register a company, it is necessary to notarize the translation of the pages of the passport.

If your founder legal foreign person, then in this case provide for registration a copy of an extract from the register foreign persons of the state where your founder is from.

It is important to know that an LLC can be created if the number of its members does not exceed 50 people.

How is it happening? Which bank is better to contact?

What is needed to open an IP, we will tell in a separate one. Step by step instructions for registration.

How much does it cost to register an LLC on your own, we will calculate at. What are the costs, what can you save on?

What you need, where to start, to open an LLC - we list the documents that need to be prepared:

• An application is submitted to the tax office at the location of the legal address of the company
• The charter of the company in 2 copies is attached to the application
• Must have decision to establish societies and, if it has only 1 founder, or minutes of the general meeting all founders where a decision was made to establish a limited liability company
• An agreement is drawn up between all participants of the company on its opening, if there are more than 2 participants in the company
• The state fee is paid, and the receipt is attached to the package of documents
• In some cases, it is required to provide a letter of guarantee from the owner of the premises that you have the legal address of the company

After submitting the documents, you will receive a receipt with a list of them (indicating the number of accepted copies), and after 7 working days you can receive registration documents:

1. Confirmation of your registration with the assignment of the OGRN to the company
2. Confirmation that your organization has been tax registered with a unique TIN identification number
3. You will receive an extract from the single state register for legal entities - Unified State Register of Legal Entities
4. Your charter will be certified by the registration authority, where all its pages will be indicated, the seal will be affixed
5. You will be given a notification letter from Rosstat that you are registered with the pension and insurance fund of the Russian Federation.
6. Certificate of registration of your LLC

Opening a current account for LLC

Except compulsory registration society you need open your current account in any bank, for this, the following package of documents is provided:

1. Confirmation that you are registered with the OGRN
2. Provide your identification number - TIN
3. Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities
4. Submit a notification letter from Rosstat
5. The articles of association certified by the registration authority and the seal of your company, certified by the general director
6. Submit a decision to establish a company or minutes of a general meeting
7. A copy of the order of appointment Director General and chief accountant of the company
8. Indicate all founders of the company
9. Your legal address
10. Society seal

How to open an LLC in Russia what to pay attention to:

• You need to know how long it will take to open an LLC. Preparing all the necessary documents for registration can take a week, but if you make an effort, then less. The official deadline is 5 working days, but in fact it can take longer, up to 2 weeks.
• If at the end of registration you have not received official notifications from the pension, insurance funds and Rosstat, then you will have to do this yourself: visit all these organizations and register.
• The authorized capital can be created not only from Money, but also from the existing property, for example, to make your computer or any property.

Choosing the form of taxation

Even before the registration of your company, you must choose the form of taxation:

• At regular system of taxation you will have to pay value added tax - VAT, its size is 18%. Tax on the company's profit in the amount of 20% and property tax in the amount of 2.2% of the accrued salary. The unified social tax is paid in the amount of 34.2%. Moreover, VAT is paid every quarter, you can pay in installments for 3 months. All data is taken from the company's income and expenditure ledger and is proved by an invoice.
• At simplified taxation system- STS are not paid to the treasury of the state VAT and UST (single social tax). You will be required to pay a contribution to the pension and insurance fund, and 6% of the amount of income if you do not take into account expenses, or 15% if the expenses of the society are taken into account. For a limited liability company, the first is beneficial USN variant, since there is no expense item and the tax authorities are not very interested in such organizations. It is only important to remember that every quarter you will have to submit a declaration of income.
• Special regime USN refers to the patent system of taxation, applies to companies that have received a state patent to conduct their activities. Moreover, this system can only be used for the activity specified in the patent, and not for any other. The company can obtain a patent in any subject of the Russian Federation and deduct taxes under this system, in the amount of the difference between the profit received and the issued salary its employees (it is equal to only 5%).

What documents are required for? Responsibility for violation of the registration period.

From this you will find out where you can get statistics codes for individual entrepreneurs.

How is the procedure for opening a bank account, read the link. What documents need to be prepared?

Who is prohibited from using the USN

Recall that not all companies can use the simplified tax system, in Tax Code there is a definition for those societies that are prohibited from using this system of taxation. These include legal entities that:

• engaged in the gambling business,
• produce excisable goods,
• or companies with more than 100 employees.

If you are going to have revenue for the year from your activities of more than 60 million rubles, then in this case you will not be allowed to pay a simplified tax.