English style in the country. Landscape style in landscape design: learning English romance

The English style in garden design is also called landscape or irregular. Its main property is naturalness, a perfect imitation of wild nature, combined with purely British accuracy and thoughtfulness.

The title photo shows the approach to the garden in East Sussex.

The main features of the English garden

These ten signs will allow you to accurately distinguish landscape garden from any other:

1. Free planning, creating the feeling that the garden is not created by man, but is absolutely natural.
2. Smooth, curved lines.
3. Small winding paths, more like forest paths.
4. Combination of coniferous and deciduous trees.
5. Flower beds are not variegated, plain.
6. The presence in the garden of both cultivated and wild plants.
7. Large neat lawn.
8. Use of plants in containers.
9. Alternation of open and closed spaces: lawns with flower beds and groups of trees.
10. The choice of plants characteristic of these natural conditions.

Authentic gardens in the English style

An authentic landscape garden is roughly what many people think of when they say "English garden" or "English park". Winding cobbled paths or gravel paths, trimmed bushes, stone sculptures, bridges with wrought iron railings, nooks with wooden ones, buildings overgrown with wild grapes ...

Garden at Herterton Manor

When creating such a garden, everything that is initially on the site is taken into account: reservoirs, trees and shrubs,. All artificial elements add to what is already there, organically fitting into the landscape. If there is a pond, then it is allowed to overgrow with duckweed and water lilies, and.

Topiary at Herterton

With this approach, the overall picture looks like something natural, which the human hand has practically not touched. The only exception is - according to English traditions, it is always even and neat, consisting of monophonic low grass. In principle, they are also acceptable, but the figures should not be too complex.

Small plot of garden in Hartington.

There should be a lot of vegetation, and mostly green. , as a rule, are planted in flower beds or along paths, among the grass. It is preferable that they be of different types, but of the same color scheme. Trees and shrubs gather in picturesque groups, consisting of both deciduous and coniferous plants.

Garden in Worcestershire

The English style is characterized by smooth curves of paths and streams, the absence of straight lines, and general asymmetry. In general, such a composition looks like a park of an old abandoned estate: still noble, but already beginning to be absorbed by wildlife.

Interestingly, when you walk through the garden in landscape style, it really seems uneven and asymmetrical. However, when viewed from above, it turns out that all the paths lead to a single center, and the composition as a whole looks correct and ordered, with clear geometric shapes.

Decorative qualities of the garden in the English style

The main decorative element of the garden in English style- plants. Flower beds, groups of trees and shrubs, hedges. A variety of wrapping around fences, a house, sculptures, bridges and benches will also be good. Also, do not forget that one of the obligatory signs of an irregular style is plants in containers or pots.

Great Dixter Estate, located in Northiam, East Sussex, East Sussex

One of the most popular flowers in landscape gardens is. However, they are not mandatory. Preference is given. The flowers may not differ in brightness, but in this case the leaves should be large, lush, of an unusual shape.

Rose garden with elements of the English style in the town of Carmel, California.

The materials of architectural elements in such a garden should be natural. brick or stone, or simply covered with gravel. It is also possible to use tree bark. Metal parts (for example, bridge railings or shop armrests) are usually forged or cast.

When decorating a house and a garden, as a rule, the same materials are used.

Also, artificial caves or grottoes, shallow but secluded, can be used as decorations. The arches entwined with vegetation and located in secluded corners of the statue will fit well into the overall picture.

An obligatory element of the English style is a reservoir. Ideally, a natural pond or several streams, but you can get by with a properly designed fountain. If a descent to the water is provided, then it is best to make it in the form of a simple path without any additional decorations.

How to create an English style garden in Russia

You can create a garden in an irregular style, and being at a very large distance from Foggy Albion - in Russia. And, in general, the task is not too difficult. The key here is attention to detail.

It is important to understand that a landscape garden only appears to be maintenance free. Actually maintaining it appearance requires a lot of time and effort.

The ideal site for an English garden should be large enough - preferably at least ten to twelve acres. shaded, with high humidity air. Well, if it is located on the edge of the forest. Even better is the presence directly on the territory of several large wild trees. Also a plus would be the presence, for example, of a small pond or river.

The house must be hidden from view. Ideal - location in the depths of the site, closer to the edge. You can also disguise it by throwing it on the wall, for example, grapes or hops. Another option is to “hide” the building behind tall trees.

The first step is to sketch out a plan for the future composition on paper. Clearly determine where the lawn will be, planting, decorative elements, how the paths should run. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the features of the terrain - hills (or just small hills), lowlands, reservoirs, large trees.

The garden of Killerton House, near Exeter, Devonshire.

The entire territory of the site can be surrounded by a perimeter. This will be a completely appropriate solution, even if there is already one on the site. And so that this element does not look artificial, they plant it not with a solid wall, but by breaking it into groups of trees and shrubs. An alternative option would be to run on an existing fence.

The basis of the garden, made in the English style - the lawn. It can be either solid or divided into several small lawns, but it should take up a lot of space. needs regular trimming and watering. Along its edges, groups of shrubs are planted, both ornamental and fruit and berry. The main thing is that they are not too high. You can also plant the center of the lawn with bushes, and create at the edges.

In some secluded corner, in the shade of trees, you can place a recreation area with benches and, possibly, a small table. It can also be located here. You can protect this place with green spaces and put a path to it. It would also be appropriate to arrange the entrance here in the form of an arch. It is also permissible to fill the ground in this place with gravel, or lay it with tiles, bricks or tree bark. There may be several such corners in the garden.

Garden nooks in Lincolnshire

Mandatory element of the English style -. If there is no natural pond on the territory, you can dig it yourself. Banks can be planted around aquatic plants in particular willow. And water lilies will look good in the water, as well as a simple duckweed. If there is a small river or stream, you can build a bridge.

AT last resort, you can simply install a small pool or fountain somewhere, decorating it accordingly.

The main color in the English garden is green. But the more shades, the better. Trees, shrubs and flowers are planted in small groups, in random order. Be sure to combine wild plant species with cultivated, coniferous species with deciduous.

Garden at Param Park, West Sussex.

The flower garden must be made in one color, but may contain.

Sculptures can be placed around the garden as additional decorations. Small picturesque ruins will look good. good decision will place a sundial on some of the bright areas. Flower beds and plants in pots and special containers will also be appropriate. Of course, all these details should be organically inscribed in the overall picture.

Elite in the world of English gardens

The basic principles of creating an English garden - on the most outstanding examples in the program from "Dacha, garden, vegetable garden".

True lovers of garden art have long known that the British are considered the best gardeners in the world. An English-style garden is the true beauty of nature, a harmonious mixture of sophistication and naturalness. A visit to the English Garden gives a sense of freedom and ease.

English-style garden: history, garden decor, examples

English gardens are rightfully called the most beautiful in Europe, the traditions and views of the British are aimed at boundless love for flora, and the climate of the country, abundant in rains, favors the exuberant growth herbaceous plants. Yes, and nature itself with endless meadows, rivers and hilly landscapes is conducive to the creation of incredibly beautiful masterpieces of garden art.

English gardens: history of origin

The first steps in the development of gardening in England were made by Christian monks, back in 1066-1500. Then the gardens were equipped for growing vegetables, fruits and medicinal herbs, there were also flowers, however, the main function of the garden was to provide the owner with food. The people were finally formed as a nation, the cities were sparsely populated, residential buildings were buried in picturesque fruit and vegetable gardens and farms.

In the century of the outstanding scientist Caxton (XV century, 1422-1491), who printed about 100 books on his machine, a form of the English language was established, combining several different dialects. The printing press influenced the development of science and culture as a multiplier of knowledge. Education developed and spread.

The first horticultural book by John Gardner was written and published in 1450, it described more than 80 types of flowers and vegetable crops. Only a few types of flowers were grown in the gardens, these were lily of the valley, rose, iris and mallow.

Active development of landscape design

During the reign of King Henry VIII (1509-1557), landscape design began to receive special attention, then symmetry was valued in the decorative arts. Toward the middle of the 16th century, the garden acquired flower beds, group plantings, terraces, topiary shrubs and avenues with wicker arches. Thus, the Tudor garden was born.

Symmetrically arranged paths led through the garden, and evergreen trimmed shrubs served as a fence. The green spaces of the garden were decorated with metal sculptures, mostly figures Greek goddesses, nymphs or animals.

Reign of Queen Elizabeth (1558-1603)

Many new plants for England were brought from other countries, this was facilitated by the rapidly developing trade relations between England and the outside world. Horticulture has not been without changes either, a flower garden has appeared, divided into square and triangular zones with wide paths.

During the reign of the queen, various fragrant herbs were actively grown in the gardens - rosemary, thyme and lavender, the latter was even used to make hedges, cutting it off. They also bred lilies and levkoy. Walks in the garden were accompanied by the singing of birds, cages were hung on the branches of trees, and fountains, figures in the form of animals and a sundial were the decoration of the garden. Curly haircut plants have reached the peak of popularity. different shape was given to yew, juniper and rosemary.

Reigns of James the First (1603-1625) and Charles the First (1625-1649)

The love of flower gardens for the British has become feature. Dutch refugees who settled in England brought new plants with them, these were tulips, nasturtiums, damask nigella, tulip tree, moonberry, red maple, etc.

During this period, the science of botany was actively developing, the nuances of tree cultivation and the protection of nature from smoke and other harmful factors were studied. Biology also began to progress with the advent of the microscope. The beginning of the study of the cellular structure of plants was laid and the secret of their reproduction was revealed. The first hybrid plants appeared.

Towards the end of the 17th century, the British became interested in growing exotic plants, such as oranges, and this is how greenhouses appeared, which today occupy a significant part of the area around London.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, André Le Nôtre, the architect and creator of the most famous gardens in many countries, introduced the idea of ​​planting flowers, trees and shrubs in geometric order, the garden was divided into huge lush and pompous open-air rooms. But English gardeners considered this idea not the most successful, because the gardens seemed monotonous and artificial. The British gradually gave the gardens a freer layout.

Le Nôtre's ideas that had not taken root were replaced by new directions announced by the next generation of landscape designers Lancelot Brown, Humphrey Repton and William Kent. Now the defining element of the garden was vegetation, straight planting lines, symmetrical ponds were no longer considered appropriate in garden art, and straight paths were replaced by winding ones.

English landscape design is truly English art, it does not contain the ideas of gardening from other countries, they simply did not take root, its creators expressed their personal views on the beauty of nature. The design of garden plots was of considerable scale, lawns were planted, dams were built on rivers, lakes were equipped, forests were planted, the law of harmony was taken into account - a combination of different trees in appearance and dimensions, for example, a deciduous tree was planted next to an evergreen.

A border and a lawn of annual herbaceous plants is an element of landscape design invented by English gardeners.

Seeds and bulbs of plants brought to England were delivered to nurseries, the first of which belonged to George London, the owner of the second nursery was Philip Miller. Later, the Royal Horticultural Society established an experimental garden in 1818 where plants were grown for sale.

Industrial Revolution in England (early 19th century)

This event could not but affect the art garden design, since the influence of aristocrats - landowners passed to industrialists, merchants, and bankers. The Victorian period saw the emergence of the middle class as the foundation of modern English society. Private park areas and huge gardens became too expensive for landlords to replace them with a small garden.

Further, the gardening art of England developed as rapidly as before, exports and imports of plants were made, new ideas and solutions appeared. Today, there are well-defined features inherent in the English garden or park. It is worth noting that due to the nature of England, the gardens are mostly done in a landscape style.

Historic garden styles in England

• Neoclassical (Augustian style) 1730 Classical landscape with water, grass, forest and classical architecture.
• Winding landscape (Serpentine style) 1750 Curved lines were present in everything, a lawn appeared near the house. This style is also called Brownian, in honor of its creator Lancelot Brown.
• Picturesque style 1790 Picturesque parks with brand new, exotic plants such as rhododendrons and camellias.
• Landscape style (landscape) 1794. The closest to natural nature with the foreground, the main part of the garden and the background.
• Electrician (mixed style) 1810. Garden elements from other countries began to be added to the gardens.
• Garden style in 1829. Plants atypical for the area became at the peak of popularity, the fashion for flowerbeds and rounded flower beds spread.
• Applied arts style (artistic) 1890 Clear boundaries appeared between the fenced area with geometric shapes flower beds near housing and a wild garden. The choice of plants, building materials, the presentation of forms and colors began to be treated with particular sensitivity, everything had to be the best and blend perfectly.

Of the later, it is worth noting the abstract style and postmodern.

Features of creating an English garden

An English garden in landscape style pleases the eye harmonious compositions plants, hearing the murmur of water and the singing of birds, and smelling the freshness of herbs and the aromas of flowers.

The English garden as an art at all stages of development inspired poets and artists, it was and remains a model of the most successful landscape design. Everyone who has ever been lucky enough to visit an English garden wants to recreate something similar on their site, however, this is not as easy as it might seem at first glance.

Creating a garden in a landscape style is not an easy task, because all plantings (of which there are many) must certainly harmonize, complement each other, the planting of each plant must be carefully considered. This is because a true English garden should evoke feelings of romanticism, grace, and at the same time, it is necessary to preserve naturalness, add mystery and emphasize the richness of the plant world.

The dominance of natural natural beauty

Landscape style accentuates the beauty of nature. Bushes and trees in the garden are arranged in free groups, paths follow the contours of the relief, and water gives life to the landscape with the flow of rivers and the severity of the water surface of ponds.

In English gardens, with the exception of historical architectural heritage, you will not find flower beds of ideal geometric shapes with even and neat plantings of flowers. Most often there are mixborders, where the background is indicated by trees and shrubs, contrasting in the color of the foliage, and the front is created by flowers, but the lawn serves as a frame, which narrows or expands to show all the splendor of the composition closer or further away and give us the opportunity to see only the play of colors .

For distant mixborders, flowers with textured foliage and large, lush inflorescences are selected; miniature varieties colors. For example, cuffs, to which the British have special feelings.

The landscape, dictated by nature itself, does not need to be changed, the main task of the gardener is to emphasize nature, and a man-made addition that excludes artificiality.

English mini garden painting small private gardens near the house

The owners of private gardens, which England is famous for, show imagination and ingenuity, decorating their home. In addition to group plantings of trees, shrubs and flower beds, they decorate the house itself, twining it with various vines, both green and flowering. The shoots of vines look especially chic on old ones. brick houses, often the owners of the garden deliberately refuse to plaster the building in favor of its exquisite appearance.

The entrance to the dwelling is necessarily decorated with planters and pots, with small ornamental trees growing in them, flowers, lavender, bulbous plants or herbs traditional for the English garden. window frames decorate with hanging containers with petunias, pelargoniums or fuchsias of various colors.

Fences rarely serve as the boundaries of the garden, more often you can find patterned lattices or hedges. If the yard is separated by stone fences, then they are low, just like the house is twined with lianas.

Oddly enough, in the absence of high deaf fences, it is the British who own the expression - "My house, my fortress."

Purely English choice

Any nation is famous for its passions, flowers are no exception, the choice of the British is roses, daffodils and primroses. In the 19th century, daffodils in England were sold at incredibly high prices, the sellers' pockets were replenished with huge fortunes. The red rose has been a symbol of England for many centuries, and planting primroses is considered the duty of every Englishman.

Garden elements in landscape style

• Lawn. Most often he has irregular shape. By the way, unlike the lawns that are familiar to us, which you can’t walk on, in England you can walk on them. Owners of small gardens have no access to a large lawn, which does not prevent them from making it small and neat.
• Sheared hedges and figures. Hedges give a certain intimacy to landscape design, and the figures, of course, always act as an accent.
• Plants in containers. Container cultures always expand the boundaries of the garden, make it picturesque.
• Forged Products. Details of furniture or the furniture itself, lanterns, fences, as well as sculptures in Art Nouveau, Empire or Baroque style.
• Rose garden. The red rose is a symbol of England, and it is worth paying tribute to it, however, it is not at all necessary to use only red varieties, there is a place for any roses in the rose garden. The entrance to the rose garden can be emphasized with an arch or gazebo entwined with climbing roses.
• Natural stone. In the garden, they can pave paths, decorate small ponds, or dry hedges that are not fixed with mortar.

• Aged items. There is no need to remove or restore them, because they give the garden nostalgic motifs, make it clear that the garden has its own history. You can artificially give antiquity by creating ruins, moss or lichens on the walls, however, they should look as natural as possible.
• Tracks. Smooth paths should be laid out if the landscape requires it, for example, along the line of the house, in places for walking and relaxing it is better that they are winding, bumps should not be hidden.

• statues. Garden gnomes were added to the earlier sculptures of animals, nymphs and Greek goddesses.
• Surprises and surprises. Gardens are created in such a way that the visitor can enjoy new views that open up around the bends of the paths. You can create a garden with a lot of cozy corners separated by hedges, this will give it a romantic touch and visually enlarge the space.
• Bridge. Most often these are miniature copies of already existing architectural works.
• Park buildings. Obelisks and towers, such buildings in England are called eccentricities. This also includes wooden pergolas, gazebos, gates and hedges.

• Water. Babbling rivers give the garden movement, and sedate ponds of tranquility and mystery, reflecting compositions of trees and shrubs in the water surface. Often, small rivers were blocked by dams to create ponds. In small gardens, or where there is no natural reservoir, you can build an artificial one.
• Man-made grottoes. They are of considerable size and incredibly accurately, skillfully imitate natural stalactites.
• Huts and caves. Quite an interesting idea, because earlier, a specially hired person lived in this place, he portrayed a philosopher - a hermit.
• Compositions of trees and shrubs. The scheme of their landing resembles playing card ten spades.

• hedges. The walls that hide the garden have been preserved only in cultural heritage, modern gardens have an open view, separated by low fences or hedges.
• Benches. Most often these are wooden and unpainted benches. You can install them wherever the owner of the garden wishes, a rather good place is by the pond.
• Lianas. A traditional addition to the landscape, they decorate houses, gazebos, hedges, benches, sculptures and even small artificial ponds.
• masking plants. Their task is to hide the unevenness of the landscape; ornamental grasses, irises, poppies, phloxes, sage and many others are suitable for this purpose.

Gardens of England

Lovers of travel, new emotions and impressions, having looked into England, should definitely visit the gardens and parks, which are the cultural heritage of the country. It is in these places that you can feel the atmosphere of bygone centuries. Let's consider a few of them.

Sissinghurst Garden (Sissinghurst, Kent, England)

An estate with a complex history dating back to the 16th century. After the appearance of Queen Elizabeth in the estate, it was rebuilt several times, and in the middle of the 18th century a prison was equipped in it, where French prisoners of war lived. Later, the building became a haven for the poor, and in the thirties of the last century it was purchased in a dilapidated form by Sir Harold Nicholson, who designed the modern garden zoning scheme, and his wife turned the garden into a masterpiece using the methods of decorative and artistic gardening.

Thus, Seasinghurst Manor received a new life in 1930, when the family of Harold and Vita Nicholson acquired it specifically to create a garden. Design garden plot provided for many separate rooms - gardens with surprises. You can walk endlessly in the garden, and at every turn you will be surprised by more and more new views. Harold designed the garden in a classical style with strict symmetry, while Vita filled it with romance.

Weasley Garden (Wisley, Surrey, England)

The garden, which occupies a considerable area - 97 hectares, was built in 1878 by George Wilson, the very first plantings have partially survived to our time, they are called the wild garden. Later, in 1903, the garden came into the possession of the Royal Horticultural Society, this place became experimental for scientific horticultural experiments. Weasley is unusually beautiful at any time of the year, and has a rich collection of plants.

One of the most striking elements of the garden is a mixborder measuring 130 meters in length, consisting of two parts, lined with sheared hornbeam.

Weasley hosts horticultural and landscape design courses and has a large horticultural literature store. The Weasley Garden consists of several gardens of various styles and experimental fields, and is considered a school of landscape design.

Heligan Garden. Forgotten Garden (Pentewan, St. Austell, England)

The garden, founded in the 18th century, was lost after the First World War, and was found again in the middle of 1990. The overgrown and abandoned garden looked so bewitching that there were immediately those who wanted to revive the forgotten beauty, this was done by garden architect Tim Smith. There is a book about how the garden was reborn.

Heligan Botanical Garden consists of several locations, there are Vineyards, Wine Yard, Alpine Gully, Crystal Grotto, Walled Garden, Horticultural Museum, Italian Garden and one of its most notable parts - Jungle. The main sights are two plant sculptures of the Mud Maiden and the Giant's Head.

On the territory of England, you can visit many more world-famous gardens, or those that have gained fame only in narrow circles. At almost every step you can find private house gardens. Some of them surprise with the vastness of the territories, and some with the comfort and amazing ability of the British to create incredible beauty even in a small area. In any case, acquaintance with gardens in the English style will leave the brightest impressions, and inspire you to create something similar on your site.

One of the most popular design options for a personal plot in Europe is the English style. It is ideal for large areas, turning them into beautiful gardens reminiscent of fabulous landscapes. For this style tend to idealize wildlife, so there are no boundaries for fantasy and romance.

English garden design rules

When it comes to English style, it is almost always a garden with a perfectly trimmed lawn, many flowers and decorative elements that is meant. It is clear that you can create such a landscape only on large territories, numbering a hectare and more. But a corner in the English style can also be arranged on 10 acres, hiding it as a secret behind a hedge.

If a household plot large enough, has a slope, a pond and other natural irregularities - you can start working.

The most important rule of landscape design in the English style is bring the result as close as possible to the natural landscape, slightly "embellished" it with bright colors. No need to level the slopes, the crooked bank of the pond, cut down trees and shrubs. We need a competent adjustment of the existing landscape.

The second rule is "no" to straight lines and strict forms. Paths should be winding, lawns uneven, bushes "uncut". Flowerbeds and mixborders should be scattered in a chaotic manner and full of a variety of flowering plants.

The third rule is the presence of a terrace in front of the house, which will gradually lead its inhabitants and guests into the world of a fabulous landscape.

The fourth rule is to use natural materials in the design of the English garden. These are sandstone, gravel, wood cuts, wood, natural gray stone and others.

The only thing that does not fit into the overall picture is the perfect English lawn, neatly trimmed and well maintained, which you will not find in the wild. But only thanks to its presence it is possible to emphasize the beauty and grandeur of flowering and woody plants.

Lawn and ivy are the background for all other plants in the English garden. ivy, girlish grapes, clematis or hops simply must be entwined with the walls of the house, gazebos, baths, fences. This technique allows you to artificially "age" the buildings, turn them into medieval mansions with a special history.

The English garden, the landscape design of which can be developed independently, does not accept rock gardens. Boulders, thuja, colored decorative rock do not fit into the landscape style. The only exception is the presence of natural mountainous ledges and slopes. The site should have many trees and shrubs characteristic of the area. Weeping willows look very beautiful, especially if their branches lean towards the surface of the reservoir. You can plant spruces, maples, larches. Of the shrubs, preference should be given to barberry, forsythia, Japanese quince, action, hydrangea, lilac. Let them grow freely, because among them modest paths will wind.

Annuals and perennials in the English garden are planted quite densely. Sometimes taller plants hide smaller ones with their stems, but this is also considered acceptable. As for color, there are no boundaries at all. Flowerbeds and lawns should be pleasing to the eye, and any color will do for this purpose. Bluebells, petunias, phloxes, lemon balm, lavender, crocuses, irises, primroses, tulips, begonias, marigolds, spicy herbs and wild cereals grow ideally "in close quarters". The window sills of the house must be decorated with flowerpots, and gazebos should also be decorated.

Landscaping in the style of an English garden is the hiding among the vegetation of benches for relaxation, gazebos, barbecues, swings, bridges and other decorative elements. You can create a composition from a dilapidated wall or stone fence, entwined with ivy and wild herbs. It is better to prefer benches and arbors made of wood and forged openwork elements. Stone vases with flowers, bridges over ponds with forged railings, antique-style statues look beautiful and harmonious. Ideal would be the layout of the recreation area near the pond. By the way, a pond, artificial or natural, needs to be “populated” with water lilies, duckweed and other aquatic plants. A narrow stream, the banks of which are the edges of the lawn - the most suitable option for middle lane Russia. Along such a stream, a winding path can pass, which will lead to a cozy gazebo.

In landscape design, landscape English style has long become native in Europe and America. In the vastness of the English garden, you can shoot romantic films, paint pictures and just admire nature, slightly embellished by the skillful hand of a proofreader.

Nowadays, naturalness is highly valued. This is manifested in everything: in lifestyle, in fashion, and in landscape design. English style- a style based on naturalness, naturalness and naturalness. A garden created in this style is designed, like a Japanese-style garden, to put a person in a state of peace and relaxation, to make a person think about the meaning of life. The English garden is made in such a way that a person has an irresistible desire to walk through it, admire the plants, and enjoy the aromas that reign in the garden. An English-style garden is a garden for romantic natures.

English gardens are different from others in that they are perfect. In them perfect combination plants, flowers, decor items, small and large architectural forms. Everyone knows that the British are practical, so there is nothing superfluous in English gardens.

This style is very old.. Centuries later, it has remained unchanged. He kept all his principles unchanged. English style is a classic garden style. It should, if you love the classics, then this style is for you. But it is suitable not only for lovers of the classics, but also for those who appreciate the beauty of nature, practicality and ideality.

Mandatory elements of the garden in the English style

Pond. Since ancient times, it has been an indispensable element of the garden. He was in any garden, even a small one. The pond served not only for aesthetic pleasure, but also had a practical purpose - it served as a storage tank from which water was taken for watering plants. Now, when people have a water supply system, each plot is equipped with an irrigation system, the pond plays the role of decorating the garden. Arrange a pond - pay tribute to traditions and ancestors.

Grottoes. These caves are also a must for an English garden. They are a kind of secret places for romantic encounters. Now, grottoes are rarely made, and if they are, they are shallow because of safety considerations.

English lawn and hedge

Groves. An English garden cannot exist without groves.. There must be groves, even small ones, consisting of large trees or low shrubs. Groves are located near the house.

Hedges. An English garden is unimaginable without plant hedges.. Centuries ago, they were used to protect the site from wild animals. It is worth saying that hedges coped with this task much better than those made of metal or wood. Of course, over the years, the need to protect the site from wild animals has disappeared, but the hedges have not disappeared. Plant on site hedge It is also a tribute to tradition.

Hills - this is reflection of the natural landscape of England and. It is hilly lawns that turn any site into a territory located in Foggy Albion.

Lawn. Speaking of English garden, many people immediately imagine the perfect lawn- and it is right. After all, it is not without reason that an ideal, green, beautifully trimmed lawn is called English. English lawn- this is another required element. Probably even the most obligatory, since an English garden simply cannot be without a lawn. If any of the above points can be skipped, then the lawn is not.

Features of the English garden

An English garden is a garden without a plan, but it only seems at first glance. In fact, the English style has a rigid layout. A garden made in this style seems to blur the line that separates wild and untouched nature from modernity.

The garden in the English style is based on strict geometry: all paths converge at one point, bushes and trees are neatly trimmed, lawn areas and flower beds have the correct shape.

• 1. Hedges from low plants and camps from flowers

English roses

Delimiting zones with hedges will create a maze effect. The hedge should look beautiful, the plants should not be very tall (up to 1 meter in height), but should be neatly trimmed in the shape of a ball or cube (a cube is preferable for a hedge).

If we talk about the walls of flowers, then arches and pergolas immediately appear, entwined with ivy, roses and other climbing plants. It also looks very good when some unsightly wall of a house or outbuilding is camouflaged with hanging plants that may be flowering or just have beautiful foliage. For this purpose, honeysuckle, ivy, girlish grapes, clematis are well suited, and from flowering ones: lobelia, rose, garden begonia and others. Blooming flowers can be planted in pots and hung.

• 2. Finishing elements of the house and the surrounding space must be the same

The reuse of stone, metal, ceramics, bricks and other materials in the decoration of the walls of the house, in the columns, arches and pergolas will unite the entire garden into a single whole. It is also gentle to consider that you can combine the site with the same texture and colors.

• 3. The main types of plants are used

At various plants are used to create flower beds and flower beds but only two or three colors. In general, ideally, if the whole garden will be in only three, maximum four colors. Basic: green and purple - you choose the other two. Remember, you don't have to turn your English garden into a colorful "clown outfit". Monoconcept - that's what suits us.

• 4. Abundant and long flowering

In an English garden, flowers must be constantly: from early spring to late autumn. Only annuals can boast of such a long flowering, so our choice is annual flowering plants. But, we must not forget about perennial flowers, because they create regularity and constancy, but you should not get carried away with perennials. Perennial flowers are a kind of backbone, base, skeleton, but the “muscles and skin” are annuals.

• 5. Lawn

English lawn. Well, who hasn't heard of him? The garden, made in the English style, must have a lawn. Moreover, the lawn should occupy a fairly large part of the site. The English lawn is a beautiful and well-groomed lawn, so you need to constantly look after it, mow it and feed it with mineral and organic fertilizers so that it is pleasant to walk on it and even lie on it.

Small and large architectural forms in the garden in the English style

Small architectural forms in the garden

England - the center of garden fashion. It was here that for the first time they began to combine stone, metal structures with plants.

The entrance to the garden is a special place, so it needs to be distinguished. For this purpose, an arch made of stone or metal (metal is preferable) and entwined with climbing plants is well suited. The entrance is business card garden, this is what the guest sees first, so the arch is entwined with beautifully flowering plants: roses, clematis. The English prefer roses. These flowers are very beautiful and bloom for a long time, exude a wonderful delicate aroma. It was in England that most varieties and types of roses were bred.

England is a land of castles. A huge number of castles are reflected in the gardens. Lumps of stones, laid out in random order, will create the effect of ruins, as if there was an old castle on this place, which collapsed, but the material from which it was made remained.

Gardens of England - an example of the creation of grottoes in small areas. Grottoes serve as an imitation of natural caves. Now grottoes are less and less common on sites and in England itself. But, nevertheless, the grottoes are a wonderful place for relaxation and romantic meetings.

Paths and paths in the English garden

Probably no garden is complete without paths. In English gardens, paths are very important element , without them, the English style is simply unthinkable. Tracks can be different in size, it all depends on the size of the site and the place where they are located. All paths must be made of the same material, preferably stone. Of course, you can also use wood, but it is stone that is the traditional material for paths.

Paths must be placed correctly. Make sure they don't lead you to empty space, but to something important and beautiful, for example, it can be a gazebo, a flower bed or a chic rose garden. Also, there should not be too many of them, otherwise your garden will turn from a secluded corner into a “highway, roadway”.

Stone is not the only material for creating paths. Looks very nice paving slabs terracotta color. By the way, terracotta color- This is another good choice for an English-style garden.

Water features in an English garden

English landscape design is impossible to imagine without water bodies.. A pond is an indispensable element of an English-style garden. It must necessarily look natural and be located in a good place. Also, the size of the reservoir should correspond to the size of the garden: if the garden is small, then a large reservoir will simply be inappropriate. The pond doesn't have to be deep.

An English garden is created for relaxation, rest, so the murmur of water and other noises are not welcome. It is best if it is an ordinary pond, which beautifully reflects the plants planted around it and the sky. This will create the effect of expanding space.

The channels located throughout the garden and converging at one point look very nice. They can be like streams, or they can be wide, but then you have to build a bridge over them.

Plants in an English garden

Flowering plants in an English garden

All plants must be planted, observing tiering: the tallest in the background and the short ones in the foreground. You need to stick to the color scheme. As already mentioned above, a maximum of four colors are used throughout the garden. Flowers in plants of cold shades.

In English gardens, the main plants are: rose, peony, lily and daylily, foxglove, Snapdragon, delphinium and lavender. Also boxwood, hornbeam and various coniferous plants: thuja, juniper, fir, pine and others.

If you are an avid romantic who appreciates antiquity and traditions, then the English style is exactly what you need.. Create a corner of England on your site!

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English style in landscape design conquers people with elegant restraint. He transforms the local area, making it look like the surroundings of the castle of an English aristocrat. Behind the apparent simplicity and naturalness of the lines, respectability, moderate luxury and fine artistic taste are visible.

The harmony of the English garden is a model for perfection and a source of inspiration.

English style cannot be realized without a sense of proportion. It is easy to cross the thin line between grace and loud pomposity.

Features of the English style in landscape design

The traditional English style of landscape design was formed over two eras in the history of England: Georgian and Victorian.

The English garden is characterized by soft lines.

to replace the baroque regular parks in the French style of Le Nôtre came the landscape (natural) layout. The style arose under the influence of romanticism, which spread in Europe and replaced rational classicism. The philosophy of romanticism was based on the cult of nature. By nature, romantics understood the elements that are not subject to man. characteristic feature landscape planning is naturalness and naturalness, as well as softness and smoothness of lines.

The creators of the natural style drew their inspiration from the landscapes of Poussin and Lorrain, which depicted idealized views of northern nature.

The design of the garden in the English style resembles the natural landscape. It allows you to be in the bosom of nature already outside the threshold of your home. The house territory looks as if it was not touched by a human hand. Elements on the site are arranged asymmetrically and even a little carelessly. They organically complement the natural landscape without violating the harmony of nature. Strict straight lines, symmetry and proportionality are uncharacteristic for landscape English style.

The typical English landscape is carefully thought out and planned

However, randomness and carelessness are only appearances. English landscape design is a carefully planned and carefully executed imitation of wilderness. All design details are meticulously thought out and placed with mathematical precision.

A characteristic feature of the style is the combination of open and closed spaces. Glades with a lawn and islands of flower beds alternate with groves of trees and areas with shrubs. See this interesting video for more details:

The highlight of the English style is unpredictability. It is impossible to see all the components of the composition at the same time. Design elements appear unexpectedly while walking around the site. The path turns sharply to the side, revealing a new landscape. During the first visit to the garden, it is difficult to guess what kind of view will open in the next minute of the tour.

Landscape English design can be created in a small local area. It doesn't require a lot of space.

Landscape relief and lawn

To create an English-style design, you do not need to level the surface of the territory, create additional structures or retaining walls. All natural curves of the relief are emphasized and played up. If the site is perfectly flat, even the creation of artificial relief is allowed. In this case, geoplastics is used - an architectural and artistic change in the surface of the site.

Relief is emphasized by a perfectly trimmed and well-groomed lawn of emerald color. It needs to be trimmed regularly. To create a lawn, seeds of several types of grass are used.

Most suitable plants to create an English lawn are: meadow bluegrass, fescue, perennial ryegrass and thin bent grass.

They are planted with wild plants characteristic of the area.

The Moorish lawn will successfully fit into the landscape style. Moorish lawn mix contains flower seeds and perennial ornamental grasses. Most often, bright flowers are planted: oriental poppy, field cornflower, meadow chamomile, echinacea, large-flowered flax and nemesia. The best cereals for the Mauritanian lawn are: fragrant bison, meadow bluegrass, wheatgrass, lagurus, thin bent grass and meadow timothy grass. If the mixture contains bulbous plants, colorful carpet pleases lush bloom from spring to autumn. On the Moorish lawn early flowering bulbs are planted: blueberries, snowmen, tulips, daffodils, crocuses and cyclamens.

Glazed meadows and lawns open up breathtaking vistas and visually expand the house adjoining space. Thanks to them, green color prevails in the design. Learn more about how to plant lawn grass see in this video:

An alternative to the lawn can be backfilling or ground cover plants (sedum, kotula, gerbil, hernia). English-style dumping contains only natural elements - natural stone, gravel, cones or tree bark. It is laid on a special fabric (geotextile), which will allow water to pass through, but will not allow plants to germinate.

Ponds in the English style

An obligatory component of the natural landscape is a reservoir. It is he (and not the house) that is the central element of the site. The house is hidden behind green spaces and is hardly visible through their foliage.

The reservoir has a smooth and naturally curved coastline. It is difficult to distinguish it from a pond or lake. The bottom of the reservoir is lined with stones or bricks.

To enhance the similarity with natural reservoirs, aquatic plants are planted.

The main feature of an artificial lake in the English style is the lack of a regular geometric shape.

English reservoirs - the surface of the water, hiding in the frame of herbs and shrubs

In addition to the central reservoir in the English garden, there are many small artificial channels that imitate streams and small rivers overgrown with reeds. Picturesque bridges are thrown across the canals, and gazebos or small pavilions are located nearby. Bridges are made of wood or stone.

The material can be artificially aged "antique" with the help of unevenly applied plaster.

Near the pond, wooden, wicker or forged benches are installed for relaxation. You can complement the English-style landscape design with decorative barrels and wooden bird drinkers.

garden paths

Paths and paths are laid in the most convenient place for use. They can bizarrely meander between trees and buildings, connecting at different angles. In the English garden, a walking route is necessarily provided, allowing you to admire all the landscapes and accessories of the local area. It covers the entire area of ​​the garden and is laid in the form of curved paths resembling forest ones. All about the English style, see this video:

Paths are made of gravel natural stone or tree. For their framing, low boxwood hedges or ground cover plants are used. As a fence, you can use large natural stones, bricks or wooden elements.

Along the paths, you can install arches with climbing plants. The main focus should be on flowers. fit garden creepers With bright colors: clematis, honeysuckle, kampsis, wisteria or climbing roses. The arch should serve as a frame for lush flowering plants.

Plant grass flowers along garden paths

Berso is often used in landscape style. Berso is a covered gallery of curved supports with crossbeams installed along the garden path. Plants are planted on the sides of the structure. Their branches are fixed on the frame. As the plants grow, they form a living tunnel over the path, providing shade and coolness in hot weather.

Bright flower beds

The heart of the English landscape are multi-tiered flower beds with different colors. They are arranged randomly. It seems that the islands of flowers appeared on their own, without the help of a gardener.

Flower beds are mixborders continuous flowering. The flower bed looks picturesque from early spring to late autumn. This effect is achieved through the use of colors with different period flowering. You can pick up plants in one color scheme or in different. Ideal for an English-style flower bed: delphiniums, dahlias, lilies, petunias, geleniums, gladioli, irises, cornflowers, daisies, peonies, awl-shaped phloxes and decorative tobacco. For more information about the elite gardens in England, see this interesting video:

English homeowners in the 18th century spent a lot of time household. So that caring for the garden does not take much time, the most persistent and unpretentious flowers were planted in flower beds. Often grew in flower beds medicinal herbs and garden plants. An English flower garden can be supplemented with wild flowers growing in the area. For example, clover. This plant is also used as a lawn.

In flower beds, plants are planted in rows depending on the height. Low-growing flowers at the edges of the flower bed allow you to admire the taller specimens of the back rows. In flower beds there should be several copies of rare varietal plants with large inflorescences.

The queen of the English flower garden is of course a rose

Roses are an essential attribute of an English garden. Traditionally, rose bushes are planted at the entrance to the house. They may be accompanied by stockroses, catnip or lavender with purple flowers.

The garden must have a classic english rose with a strong aroma.

In English design there are solitary plantings. As a tapeworm, you can use lush rose bush. To create the perfect English landscape design, you need to study all the nuances of growing flowers and carefully compare their flowering schedules.

Trees, shrubs and climbing plants

In the English landscape there are many decorative deciduous, flowering and coniferous trees. They are planted in groups of different densities at different distances. When choosing tree species, preference is given to those that grow in the area.

Weeping willows will look appropriate near water bodies. Their branches leaning over the surface of the water surface will complement the beauty of the landscape, give it peace and tranquility. For more information about the trees and shrubs of the English garden, see this video:

Groups of maples, spruces and larch look organically. Bushes are planted next to the trees. Lush hydrangea, barberry, forsythia, Japanese quince, lilac, jasmine and action will decorate the English garden.

Among the flower beds, you can plant single rocky juniper trees. A columnar plant with tight-fitting shoots and scaly needles has an unusual silver-blue or even blue color. It does not grow higher than 60 cm. It can be grown in tubs and installed in different parts garden to highlight certain of its elements.

Ivy is the same backdrop for landscape design as the lawn.

house walls, outbuildings, arbors and a fence must be twined with ivy, girlish grapes or hops.

Climbing plants will artificially age buildings and make them look like medieval mansions of aristocrats.

Climbing plants are planted near lattice canopies (pergolas) and their branches are fixed on the structure. Ivy-covered pergolas and lattice screens perfectly zone the space, creating cozy nooks for relaxation.

Garden fences, hedges and accessories

The fence of the English garden is most often a low fence made of natural stone, reminiscent of ancient castles. It is an excellent backdrop for bright garden greens. Instead of a stone fence, you can install a wooden or openwork forged fence. A hedge will decorate the garden.

Plants are sheared minimally, giving them a neat shape

Hornbeam, evergreen yew or red beech are used as human shields. Landscape style involves non-cutting hedges. However, cutting plants that act as a fence or border is acceptable. Plants are sheared minimally, giving them a neat shape close to natural.

An English-style site must have an antique sculpture. It is located in the depths of the garden among rose bushes.

Next to the sculpture - along the paths and near the pond - they install lamps that illuminate the site in the evening and focus on its accessories.

An integral element of the English manor of the XVIII century is a sundial. They can be built independently from stone or brick.

In order for the site to always look great, it must be constantly looked after.