Spring protection of garden plants from pests and diseases. How to plant a mandarin on your own so as not to spoil anything

Everything we send out into this world comes back. Creating a tangerine tree at home, a person will spend a lot of effort, especially growing a tangerine from seeds at home. The goal will be the opportunity to receive delicious fruits and give them to loved ones. At the same time, each fruit will contain one of the messages - harmony, balance, abundance, love. A person, together with a tree, cultivates the well-being of his family and the world around him. Good motivation!

Why tangerine brings good to the house

Also in ancient China the guest who came gave the owner two tangerines as a wish for well-being. No matter how valuable the main gift was, tangerines were always accepted with gratitude. But the departing guest was also presented with a couple of tangerines as hosts.

According to the theory of Feng Shui, in a prosperous home, everything matters and is responsible for the karma of the inhabitants. A tangerine tree in the southeast side of a clean home is a symbol of good luck in business, prosperity. It combines green color with orange, this combination symbolizes gold. And since the tree grows and is alive, it is a symbol of growing well-being. How to plant and grow domestic happiness with your own hands?

Technology of growing tangerine tree

For growing in room conditions Japanese Mandarin Unshiu or Satsuma will do. They grow in the south of Russia. Growing mandarin at home consists in obtaining a plant by grafting or growing by layering. They have almost no seeds. But a seedling can be obtained from any variety, and it is precisely an escape from a cultivated home tree that can be grafted.

The technology of how to grow a tangerine from a stone is simple. First, the seeds that were taken from the fruit should be soaked in a damp environment. If there are a lot of them, it doesn't matter. Not everyone sprouts, only the strong grow. The science of how to grow tangerines from seed is simple. Fertile loose soil is being prepared. In the conditions of the city, the purchased substrate "Rose" or "Biohumus" is suitable. The remaining soil mixtures contain peat and are not suitable for this crop. You can independently prepare the composition for growing seedlings and for young plants in the following proportions:

• sod land - 2 parts;
• river sand - 1 part;
• humus or -1 part.

For adult plants, the content of garden soil is increased, fresh mullein is used instead of humus and a little clay is added.

All land is disinfected, including purchased, dishes also require thorough disinfection so as not to bring pests into young plantings.

Sow swollen seeds in a pot with a moist substrate, put in a warm, bright place, covering the bowl from moisture evaporation. At times, the surface of the soil is slightly moistened and waiting for the emergence of seedlings, which will be few.

If you need to grow decorative tree with small and tasteless fruits, further care consists in timely watering, creation and humidity. If it will be created cultivated plant with your own hands, you will need to leave a few plants, because it is not known whether the mandarin grafting will work at home. A video on how to perform this operation can be viewed on the page. Of the several experiments, one is sure to be successful.

The rootstock by this time should be two years old and as thick as a simple pencil. Sequence of vaccination operations.

1. On the trunk of the stock, make a T-shaped incision in the bark, if budding is done, or a split, if the scion is a twig.
2. The rootstock must be young and freshly cut to keep the cambium layer alive.
3. By combining the living tissues of two plants, they are fixed and the resulting plant is covered from above to create a constant air humidity.
4. A month later, the condition of the stock is checked and the weak plant is gradually accustomed to air, the fixing bandage is removed.
5. After the grafting was successful, remove the remnants of the old stem of the seedling (during budding).

The whole procedure must be planned in advance. A sharp sterile instrument is conveniently at hand. Workplace clean. Vaccination is done only during the period of intensive sap flow, in April-May and September.

If such long-term grafting with your own hands seems too difficult, you can buy a ready-made grafted tree in the store.

Mandarin Care

A young tree begins to be grown in a container with a diameter of 7-10 cm, increasing the volume of the pot every year during transshipment. You can not immediately plant in a large bowl, as the roots will turn sour and the plant will die. After 8 years, transplantation is done a year later. Difficulties in transplanting tangerine tree at home in the first years of life does not occur. Later, they try to create such a container so that it is possible to open the bottom and partially replace the soil.

Top dressing is best used special, designed for citrus plants. At the same time, they fertilize at the beginning of summer, thereby achieving an improvement in the taste of tangerines. Fertilizer is applied only to moist soil. For trees that can no longer be transplanted, fertilizing watering is done every three weeks, including organic top dressing.

Watering a tangerine is a guarantee of his health. In summer, watering is done several times a day with warm settled water. In winter, you have to water up to three times a week, depending on the condition of the soil.

Tangerine lighting should be at least 12 hours a day, even during the winter months. Therefore, artificial lighting is welcome.

To increase humidity, frequent spraying with a fine spray is used, placing an aquarium nearby, or just containers with water. The plant must be bathed in the shower while it is small. Mandatory procedure will begin to remove dust from the leaves that interferes with the absorption of solar energy.

The pest of the tangerine tree is red spider mite hiccup, whitefly, scale insect. You can get rid of them with the help of special preparations, but not by spraying, but by rubbing the composition of each leaf and particle of the trunk and branches. To potted away frequent watering flies and other inhabitants did not start, the earth needs to be loosened more often and when watering, sometimes use a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

How to make citrus fruits bloom - video

Tangerine tree: home care

Citrus fruits can be easily cultivated and propagated in a private house or apartment. Growing mandarin at home is not too complicated a process if you follow the right agricultural practices. These trees take root well and do not require special care, while delighting with their green foliage and delicious floral aroma.

Growing mandarin at home from the stone

If you set out to grow a tangerine from a stone at home, all you need is to buy well-ripened, soft fruits of your favorite variety and select from them a dozen whole large seeds. Next, they must be laid out on cotton cloth or gauze, placed in a container and periodically moistened with water so that they swell slightly and hatch.

Landing

With the advent of the first sprouts, you can proceed to the planting stage. Many novice gardeners are faced with the question of how to grow tangerine at home correctly, and what are the main causes of plant death. The answer lies in the wrong selection of soil.

A citrus substrate, which is sold in specialized stores, is suitable as soil. But if this is not found, you can always cook it yourself, using in equal proportions:

• leafy and ordinary humus;
• sod land;
• compost.

When planting plants, one should not forget about drainage from a special compactor (expanded clay). Having done everything according to the rules, after a couple of weeks, shoots will appear, but in the future you will have to be patient, since mandarin does not grow quickly at home. The content of this southern "resident" will be simple, but will require knowledge of some important points.

Tangerine tree photo at home, care features

Having grown a tangerine tree from a stone at home, it is necessary to provide it with the maximum comfortable atmosphere.

Lighting

At the heart of caring for citrus is providing it with space and sufficient lighting. Daylight hours must be at least 12 hours. But growing tangerine home care such a plan is difficult to implement. In a situation where the desired lighting cannot be achieved, it is recommended to use special fitolamps that successfully replace natural sunlight.

Watering

When caring for tangerine trees, in the warm season, it is necessary to water them with filtered or boiled water so that the soil in the flowerpot remains slightly moist. AT winter period watering should be reduced, but without allowing the soil to dry out.

Also useful for the leaves will be systematic spraying, compensating for excessive dryness of the air. When the heaters are turned on, the use of a humidifier or a towel moistened with water left on the radiator will not interfere.

Transplant and fertilizer

The home care tangerine tree you are just starting out involves periodically repotting as it grows into a larger container. The ideal moment for the procedure: the end of February - the first days of March (the period of the beginning of the active growth phase). When transplanting a mandarin, try not to shake off the earthen ball so as not to damage the roots of the tree. Place the plant in the flowerpot in such a way that it root collar remained at the same level as it was before transplantation.

Home tangerine with a weak root system is better to leave for some time in the same land and reschedule the transplant, but be sure to change upper layer soil and drainage. And citrus fruits that are already bearing fruit must be replanted every 2-3 years.

Growth activation can be repeated several times a year, usually in spring and summer, which means that at this time it is especially important to pay attention to top dressing using mineral and organic fertilizers.

How to plant mandarin at home

Growing trees like tangerines at home from seed is only half the battle. So that citrus bears fruit and pleases you excellent harvest, is being vaccinated. It is best to do this in April or the first half of May, when the movement of juice through the plant is the fastest.

• PVC tape;
• grafting knife;
• a special putty known as garden putty.

How to plant mandarin at home video and vaccination schedule

Planting a grown tangerine from a stone at home is quite simple. You don't need any special skill or talent here. First you need to mark on the seedling a height of about 6-7 centimeters from the ground and thoroughly clean the stem from dust and other contaminants.

Next, with a sharp knife, an incision is made 2.5 long and up to 1 cm wide in the shape of the letter “T”, which does not touch the wood itself. After that, the bark must be slightly pressed down with the tip of a knife, and the stock should be placed in the resulting hole. Then carefully cover it, generously lubricate garden pitch and wrap with PVC tape. You can see all the steps in more detail in the video.

How to care for a mandarin at home after vaccination

Growing mandarin from the stone at home after vaccination requires special conditions. It is advisable to place it for a month in a small greenhouse, or create greenhouse conditions by covering the pot with a transparent plastic bag. Regular ventilation should be carried out in order to see the cherished moment of germination of the "eye".

If everything went well, during this time the petiole should turn yellow and fall off. And when it dries up, but at the same time remains in the same place, the vaccination will most likely have to be repeated.

Outcome

Growing tangerine at home, caring for it is not much more difficult than for any other citrus crop. Having considered the features of keeping and breeding these heat-loving trees, as well as making a little effort, even with the help of an ordinary seed, you can soon achieve excellent results.

Recently, it has become fashionable to grow evergreen citrus trees at home. Is it possible to grow a tangerine from a seed? - you ask. Growing a citrus tree from a stone in a house does not amount to special work if you stick to certain rules care and maintenance. However, if you want juicy and fragrant fruits to grow on your tangerine tree, you can’t do without grafting. Grafting a mandarin at home is within the power of even a novice florist. So let's get started.

First of all, you need to understand why you need to vaccinate a citrus tree grown from seed at home. If you want to be bright and beautiful plant, which will become original decoration your window sill or room greenhouse - you can just plant it in the ground, create conditions characteristic of citrus culture and enjoy the process of tree growth. However, do not expect him to bear fruit soon.

The fruits on a tangerine grown from a stone will be in 7-10 years or even later, they differ small size and have a bitter taste.

Grafting a citrus tree is necessary in order to:

• accelerate the onset of fruiting;
• improve the quality of the future crop.

What tools will be needed during vaccination room tangerine?

• sharpened grafting knife;
• insulating tape;
• garden pitch;
• plastic bag/plastic bottle;
• scion (a small sprig of fruit-bearing citrus);
• rootstock (a tree that has grown from a mandarin seed).

Grafting step by step process

How to plant mandarin at home? Step-by-step agrotechnical guide:

1. Determine the time when you need and can graft the mandarin. According to the recommendations of experts in the field of indoor floriculture, the beginning of April is considered the most successful period, when the phase of active sap flow begins, or the last decade of August. Another point that interests many beginner citrus growers is when to plant a tangerine ( we are talking about the age of the house tree). Do not vaccinate a plant that is not even two years old.
2. Be sure to prepare everything in advance necessary tools, scion and rootstock.
3. Approximately at a distance of 7 cm from the soil, you should choose a place for grafting, carefully clean it of dust and dirt.
4. With a sharp grafting knife, make a T-shaped incision measuring 1x2.5 cm. In this case, everything must be done carefully, otherwise you can touch the wood.
5. Gently push the bark away with the tip of the knife and place the graft with the bud into the resulting space, cover with the edges of the bark.
6. Next, you need to process the vaccination site with garden pitch and wrap it with electrical tape. Make sure that the kidney remains untouched.
7. Place the plant in a "greenhouse" - put a plastic bag or a plastic bottle on the tangerine, first you need to cut off a narrow neck from it.
8. How do you know if the procedure was successful? Periodically ventilate the plant, removing the "greenhouse", so it will not accumulate inside excess moisture. During airing, pay attention to the condition of the cutting. If it turns black or withered - unfortunately, you failed to plant the tangerine. If the stalk turned yellow - everything went well, you can loosen the bandage.

Plant care after grafting

It would seem to grow Exotic fruits always not easy. But modern flower growers know that the main thing is knowledge of basic agricultural practices. Everything else is the skills acquired during the cultivation of certain plants. The same should be said about indoor tangerine. You can grow it from ordinary seeds. But in order to house tree quickly began to develop, you will need to master a rather important technique. This is a mandarin graft at home.

Indoor mandarin is a well-bearing plant. But to wait until the sprouts not only hatch from the seeds, but also get stronger, reach the optimal size for the ovary of the fruit, you will have a long time. After about 6–8 years, a tangerine tree without grafting will begin to bear fruit. Why wait if the process can be accelerated? To do this, it is imperative to master the technique of grafting a plant. With a competent approach to this procedure, the tree will begin to bear fruit already 2–4 years after planting.

In order for the grafting of the tangerine tree to be effective, it is necessary to start it no earlier than April - May. During this period, the plant comes to life, and sap flow is activated. Interestingly, the bark at this time is easily separated from the wood, and this will greatly facilitate the process for you. A mandarin grafted in the spring will get stronger much faster.

What you need

How to plant mandarin at home? To begin with, you need to carefully prepare for this process: acquire useful tools, for example. In order for the vaccination to be successful and without unnecessary worries, you will need to apply a budding knife, a graft (that is, a branch from an already developed and well-bearing plant) and a rootstock (a seedling that was obtained by growing mandarin from seeds), a garden variety, as well as insulating tape. Consider one more important point: It is not recommended to vaccinate if your house plant not yet two years old.

Step-by-step instruction

Mandarin must be grafted without fail, and experienced growers understand this very well. But the lesson you have to do is rather painstaking, so the result will be the higher, the deeper you delve into the key rules. First of all, mark the height on the seedling (6–7 cm from the ground). You will then need to thoroughly clean it of any contaminants. When the seedling is prepared, there is no dirt and dust on it, you can proceed to direct grafting.

First, make a small incision, which will resemble the letter T in shape. Try not to touch the wood, so as not to damage the plant itself. After the incision is made, lightly press the tip of the knife on the bark to form a small hole inside. There and put the rootstock. After that, cover it tightly, grease liberally with garden pitch and then wrap everything on top with electrical tape. When all the stages of mandarin grafting have been completed, you just have to wait for the results and continue to care for the houseplant.

How to understand if it was possible to instill

Determine if you have been vaccinated homemade tangerine effective, you can already after 2-3 weeks. In the event that you notice that the stalk has turned black or even dried up, then the procedure was not successful. Consider your possible mistakes and then try again. If the stalk turns yellow, this good sign. It is recommended to slightly loosen the bandage, and after some time it can be completely removed. Watch the cutting a little more to control the process of its development. Having done everything necessary correctly, you will soon appreciate the long-awaited result, and the grown indoor tangerine from the stone will bear fruit much earlier.

Mandarin from the stone can be grown at home, and the plant will be quite prolific, thanks to the vaccination you have carried out. For this you need to follow basic rules and provide a complete care for the grafted seedling at the end of the procedure.

For example, when a young shoot begins to grow from a grafted bud, it is recommended to cut the trunk obliquely. Be sure to grease the cut with garden pitch. If desired, the shoot can be tied up so that the crown is formed correctly in the future. Follow the basic recommendations for growing tangerines, and the vaccination will be effective. The main advantage of this procedure lies in the fact that you will be able to collect ripe fruits much earlier than if you had done without grafting indoor mandarin. Take care of your home tangerines, vaccinate according to the rules.

Many gardeners dream of having citrus trees in the house that bring delicious fruits. But to get good harvest just planting is not enough. tangerine stone and grow a tree. In order for the fruits to be large and sweet, the plant must be grafted. Information on how to plant tangerines, the rules for preparing stock and scion, caring for and forming a crown will be of interest to all flower growers.

Description and breeding methods

Reticulata) is the most popular and widespread culture in Asian countries, especially in Japan and China. A low (up to 3.5 m) branched tree, according to the botanical classification, belongs to the Rutov family. It has leathery lanceolate leaves that grow on branches for almost 4 years. A feature of the structure of mandarin leaves is the presence of small wings on the cuttings. The tree blooms with fragrant white flowers, large in size.

Reproduction of mandarin is possible in two ways: from the stone and vegetatively. To get a plant from a seed, it is planted in fertile soil, and after a month small sprouts appear. However, the tree grows very slowly, and fruiting can occur only after 4-7 years, and the fruits will most likely be sour and tasteless (wild). Therefore, you should know how to graft a mandarin from a seed in order to stimulate the development and high-quality fruiting of a culture.

Growing from the bone

To plant a tangerine, it is necessary to purchase well-ripened fruits, from which the largest seeds are taken. It is better to select a dozen, place it in a bag of gauze or cloth and moisten with water to swell.

When the seeds hatch, you need to prepare a pot. For drainage, small pebbles, shards or walnut shells are placed in it. Ready soil when buying, you need to select non-acidic, without peat content. For cooking at home, take humus, forest soil and sand in a ratio of 2: 2: 1.

In a pot filled with soil mixture, seeds are planted to a depth of 4 cm and placed in warm place, periodically moistening the earth. A transplant into a large container is done when at least 5 young leaves appear.

Mandarin tree care

The most important components for the successful growth of a tree, which are necessary even before tangerines are grafted, are heat, light and moisture. Optimum temperature should be maintained at least +20 °C, lighting duration - at least 12 hours (phytolamps are recommended). Important Rule quality growth - maintaining required humidity soil and air, as well as regular wiping the leaves with a wet cloth and spraying. For this, only boiled or filtered water is taken. It is strictly forbidden to allow the soil to dry out, but in winter, watering can be slightly reduced.

In the first year of a tree's life, pruning must be done to correct formation skeleton: overgrown lateral branches leave only strong ones, the rest are removed. Pruning is best done in early February, before the end of the dormant period. In older plants, pinching the upper branches is done, old ones are removed. During the summer, you can shorten too long shoots.

Preparation for vaccination

You should be aware that following the recommendations on how to plant a mandarin at home will help to make the procedure qualitatively, which will speed up the growth of the tree and bring the timing of fruit production closer. However, to do this, you must first prepare planting material.

• it is better to graft all domestic citrus fruits in April, when the active growth phase begins for the plant, which will contribute to better engraftment of the material;
• another suitable period to plant tangerines is August, when the tree reaches its peak of strength;
• it is necessary to prepare in advance the scion and stock, tools and materials (knife, garden pitch, electrical tape or adhesive tape): the scion is a branch taken from an already fruiting plant, and the rootstock will be a grown mandarin seedling obtained from a stone;
• grafting is not done on plants that are too young (less than 2 years old) with a trunk diameter of less than 6 mm (pencil thickness).

Choice of rootstock and scion

To the question of whether it is possible to graft a mandarin to a mandarin, the answer is only positive, but this option is the least suitable. This is due to the slow growth of the tree and its weak root system. Can be used as a base house tree lemon, grapefruit or orange, the latter being valued more for its drought-tolerant properties. A tangerine grafted onto a lemon grows better, thanks to a more developed root system, just like on a grapefruit. The best option rootstock is considered a pomelo, but in our climate it is rarely grown.

Recommendations experienced gardeners indicate that the stock should be grown in the same conditions or in the same room in which it will grow further, which is a guarantee of stable development and fruiting. That is, if the plant is a greenhouse, then transferring it to an apartment after grafting will negatively affect the development of the tree.

For the scion (which will be grafted onto the future tangerine), a branch is taken from a varietal tree, always one that has already borne fruit. It should have 2 kidneys. Only 1 scion can be grafted per rootstock root. If you plant two of them, then only the strongest will survive.

Vaccination procedure

• the stalk of the scion is cut off from a healthy tree with a sharp disinfected knife;
• all leaves and thorns are removed, 1 tangerine bud should remain on the branch;
• the entire crown of the tree is completely removed from the stock, otherwise it will not allow the scion to grow;
• the rootstock plant should have a trunk with a developed bark, at a distance of 7-10 cm from the soil it should be wiped with a wet cloth, removing dust and dirt;
• with a sharp knife, an incision is made in the bark in the form of the letter “T” (it is better not to touch the wood) 2.5 x 1 cm in size (top and bottom);
• all operations must be done quickly, without touching the slices with your hands;
• the bark is pushed aside with the tip of the budding knife, and the cutting is inserted into the hole;
• then this place is covered with bark, covered with pitch, and tape or electrical tape is wound on top so that the kidney remains outside;
• the grafted plant is placed in a greenhouse made from a bag or plastic bottle, which must be ventilated daily so that moisture does not accumulate.

As a rule, after 12-20 days, the success of the operation will be visible by the appearance of the cutting: if it turned black or withered, then it did not take root, if it turned yellow, then everything worked out. Then you can first loosen the bandage, then remove it. This will be a positive answer to the question of whether the mandarin is grafted and whether the procedure will be successful.

When a green shoot gradually begins to grow from the bud, the stem of the rootstock tree must be cut off from above by 10 cm above the grafting site, treated with garden pitch. It is better to tie a young shoot to a support or a stick, which will help it grow quickly.

Grafted Tree Care

Many gardeners are interested in how to plant a tangerine so that it bears fruit successfully. However, it is not enough to make a quality vaccination, great importance has a follow-up care for a young tree and its proper fertilizer.

Watering is carried out only with settled water at room temperature. To maintain humidity in the room, it is necessary to spray the tree and the air around it 2-3 times a day. You can also use a tray with constantly poured water.

The active growth of the seedling falls on the period from March to October, and during these months the plant needs permanent care and top dressing, which should be done every 2 weeks. Both mineral and organic fertilizers are used, monthly the tree is watered with a solution of manganese (light pink) or iron sulfate.

Transplantation of a tangerine tree is done annually until the age of 7-8, usually in the spring. After the tree grows to 8 years old, a transplant is done every 2 years.

crown formation

After tangerines are grafted on a tree, it is necessary to adhere to certain rules every year to properly form its crown. Moreover, this must be done only before the start of the first flowering of the plant. It is not recommended to allow the appearance of flowers until branches of the 5th order are formed, otherwise the vegetation cycle of the plant will slow down.

If the tree grows with one shoot, then it must be cut so that 5-6 buds remain below, from which branches of the 1st order will continue to grow. Among them, leave those that are directed in different directions. After their growth, 4-5 buds are left on each branch, from which branches of the 2nd order will grow in the future.

Diseases and pests

On the citrus trees the following pests may appear: mealybug, red spider mite, citrus whitefly, varieties of scale insects, etc.

With a lack of water or waterlogging of the soil, spots may appear on the leaves, which is why they begin to fall off. To solve the problem, it is necessary to adjust the rules for caring for and watering the plant.