How to propagate clematis. Amazing clematis plants: cuttings and seedling care

Clematis is one of the most popular ornamental crops in landscape design. When they bloom, the most common country cottage area miraculously transformed, becoming like a picture from a magazine.

Clematis is a very popular crop in the market and they are quite expensive. In this article, you will learn how to breed clematis and you can do it yourself.

Having bought one varietal plant, you can propagate it both for yourself and in order to exchange the varieties you like with your neighbors.

Varietal clematis in most cases do not produce seeds. And if the seeds are still formed, this does not mean that you will get a varietal plant from them. As a rule, with seed propagation varietal qualities clematis are lost. Therefore, this method is almost never used.

You can breed clematis by dividing the bush. But this method is not productive. Yes, and the bush that you share is delayed in development at first.

In this article, we will talk about how to breed clematis cuttings and layering..

Cultivation of clematis with green cuttings

Cuttings can be a plant that has reached 3 - 4 years of age. In late spring or early summer, when clematis have already grown significantly, and buds begin to form, you can start cuttings.

Cut off several shoots almost completely, leaving only a small part of them (2 - 3 knots with buds). From the middle part of these clematis shoots (where there are no buds), cut the cuttings so that each of them has 1 - 2 knots.

The handle should look like this: the bottom cut should be at an angle of 45 °, and the top one should be even, 2 cm above the node. To reduce the evaporation area, reduce all the leaves to half.

It is better to root clematis cuttings in a shady place in a peat-sand mixture. Before planting, hold them in a solution of Epin or Zircon, you can treat them with sodium humate. This will increase their chances of survival.

Attention! Plant so that the knot is buried half a centimeter into the ground. It is from this place that the roots will grow in the future. Top with cut plastic bottles(remove the cap for ventilation).

Within 1 - 2 months, clematis cuttings will give roots and begin to grow.

Cultivation of clematis with lignified cuttings

In essence, it is the same as breeding with green cuttings. The difference is that the cuttings are cut at the end of the growing season in autumn or in early spring. If the shoots are cut in the fall, then the cuttings are planted in greenhouses.

Getting clematis from cuttings

Cultivation of clematis by layering takes more time than cuttings. The easiest and most productive way is cuttings with horizontal layering.

Dig a shallow groove next to the clematis bush and place the shoot in it, gently tilting it so that it does not break off (clematis shoots are very fragile). Fill it up fertile soil, compact and pin to the ground in several places with wire.

Thinking about landscaping your site, first of all, I want to acquire flowering plants. It would also be nice if the flowering period was several months, and ideally, all the warm season. These plants include clematis.

It blooms all spring, autumn and summer. If summer months turned out to be especially hot, then clematis can rest in the middle of summer. As soon as the heat subsides, its flowers will again fill your garden with fragrance. The color scheme of this plant is very diverse. And care comes down to top dressing, moderate watering and shelter for the winter. This ornamental shrub will not cause much trouble, but in return will please you with delicate and beautiful inflorescences.

How to propagate clematis?

This ornamental plant can be reproduced by all known ways. The difference is only in the amount of time and available materials. Therefore, when considering the question of how clematis can be propagated, you need to build on the presence of this ornamental shrub in your area. If you already have clematis, you can propagate by layering or cuttings. Another option is dividing the bush. And if you don’t have these plants, you will need to purchase them or collect seeds. Before planting, you need to choose a place for clematis. Although this flower is unpretentious, it still has its own preferences. A place for it must be chosen calm and moderately sunny. You can plant clematis next to taller plants that will provide moderate shade.

We propagate clematis cuttings

The answer to the question of whether clematis can be propagated by cuttings is positive. Moreover, such a method as cuttings makes it possible to obtain a large number of seedlings. The cutting process can be done at any time of the year, except for autumn. Consider the question of how to propagate clematis cuttings in more detail. Can be used both lignified and green cuttings. Propagation by green cuttings differs from propagation by lignified cuttings. The process itself is not fundamentally different from cuttings of other shrubs. The cutting must be cut at an angle of 45 degrees, and there should be 2 knots on it. And you need to take it from the middle of the escape. It will be better for the plant if the grafting process is carried out in the fall.

To achieve the best effect, before propagating clematis cuttings, you can acquire growth stimulants. They are sold in specialized stores. When propagating clematis by cuttings, you need to adhere to a certain temperature regime. The temperature can vary from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius. Disastrous for cuttings are such phenomena as high humidity, drying and overheating. You also need to avoid direct sunlight. By propagating clematis by cuttings, you will eventually get seedlings that have a strong root system. This is an indisputable advantage of cuttings over other methods of propagation.

We propagate clematis by layering

Now let's figure out how to propagate clematis by layering. The first step is to prepare the grooves, the depth of which should be 10 centimeters. The next process is very simple. In these grooves you need to put young shoots. They should have 6 knots.

It remains to cover the escape with earth. The soil can be additionally nourished or mulched. The upper part of the shoot should peek out from under the ground. It is advisable to tie it to wooden stick. In order for the layering to take root, it is necessary to irrigate in a timely manner. The earth must not dry out. Further, as the tops grow, the process is repeated. And in the spring, young clematis can be separated from the mother bush and transplanted to a place prepared for them.

We propagate clematis seeds

This is perhaps the most troublesome way to get clematis. From seeds, a plant may not turn out the same as its parent. If you buy clematis seeds, then there is no need to do anything with them. You can start seeding right away. If you collect seeds, then you need to select only large samples. There are 2 options for sowing: in pots or open ground. Let's consider both.

Sowing in open ground

You can sow this ornamental shrub both in autumn and in spring. Before sowing, you need to stock up on a certain amount of sand. Since the seeds will need to be sprinkled on them. If you decide to sow clematis in the spring, then you first need to withstand the seeds for 3 months at a temperature of 0 to 5 degrees Celsius. Such measures will accelerate the germination and germination of the plant. Seeds are poured onto the surface of the earth, and they are sprinkled with a layer of sand on top. It is desirable that the air temperature during seed germination be from 25 to 30 degrees Celsius.

Sowing in pots

If sowing is done in pots or special boxes, then it is necessary that the soil is half sand. Pour soil into the container, then seeds, sprinkle with sand. The temperature regime should be, as when planting in open ground, from 25 to 30 degrees Celsius.

After the seeds have been planted, timely watering must be ensured. In the case of landing in open ground, weeding will also be required. If all the conditions have been met, then soon sprouts will appear that need a lot of light, humidity and a certain thermal regime. At the same time, direct sunlight should not fall on them.

After the appearance of the first leaves of clematis, you need to dive. And after the bush begins to sprout, they need to be pinched. It should be remembered that if there are several clematis, then the distance between them should be at least 20 centimeters. If planting and care have been done properly, then you will get an ornamental shrub with a strong root system and a chic crown.

To winter root system clematis did not suffer, the plant must be planted in a trench, the depth of which is on average 6 centimeters. The shoots before the shelter are cut so that 2-3 knots remain. Although the characteristics of the clematis species play an important role here, there are varieties that are not pruned.

Reproduction of clematis by dividing the bush

Before considering the question of how to propagate clematis by dividing a bush, you need to make a reservation that this can only be done with a plant that is at least 3 years old. Due to the large dimensions of the ornamental shrub, this method cannot be called very convenient. Although it makes it possible to get an already formed healthy bush. It is desirable to do this in the fall, and as carefully as possible, trying not to damage the root system. It can be divided into several parts. The main thing is to remember that each resulting plant must have at least 4 shoots.

Advantages and disadvantages of clematis propagation methods

We looked at several ways to propagate this ornamental shrub. You can get clematis from seeds by cuttings, dividing the bush or layering. The simplest and most reliable is reproduction by layering and dividing the bush. In second place, you can put cuttings of a shrub, but getting a plant from seeds is a rather troublesome business. Although if we talk about efficiency, cuttings should still be put in the first place. Growing a shrub from seeds, you can not get what you expected. Which is also difficult to attribute to the merits of this method.

How to properly propagate clematis was described above. However, I want to focus on what to get strong plant It is possible, only adhering to the temperature regime and the rules of care.

Care

We figured out how to propagate clematis. I would like to say a few words about the care of this marvelous plant. In order for it to feel comfortable, it is necessary to loosen the soil and feed the bushes. Clematis do not like acidic soil and do not tolerate stagnant water. Therefore, watering should be moderate, but the presence of peat or manure can destroy ornamental shrubs. Also, do not forget about the fertilizers that clematis need. After all, in order to bloom, the plant needs a lot of strength.

In parallel with planting, you need to take care of the supports, since clematis are shrubby vines. Before propagating clematis, it is necessary to build arches. These ornamental shrubs can perfectly act as a hedge or decorate the walls of the house. True, in the second case, it should be remembered that at least 40 centimeters of free space must be left between the wall of the house and the clematis. And between the bushes themselves, if there are several of them, you need to leave at least 30 centimeters of free space. You also need to make sure that the clematis will not get water flowing from the roofs.

Well, a few words about how clematis endures winter. It belongs to frost-resistant plants. If all the rules of planting are followed, then the root system is not afraid of frost. But the Achilles' heel of the plant is root collar. It is on it that they are located flower buds that will put forth vines in the spring. To protect it from frost, after pruning, clematis is covered with ash and sand and covered with spruce branches. For most varieties, such a cover is enough, and the owners of capricious clematis can additionally build a roof from improvised materials. Boards, plywood or slate are suitable for this. But do not cover before the onset of frost. During a decrease in temperature, clematis not only feels great, but also heals, as the plant hardens and diseases freeze out.

Popular clematis varieties that are grown in our area are usually hybrid. Therefore, the only suitable option their reproduction is vegetative. Very often, plant owners root cuttings. You can do this not only in spring or summer, but also in autumn. Flower growers give step by step recommendations with photos and videos on how to properly propagate clematis.

How to properly cut cuttings

Whatever time you choose to propagate clematis, start the procedure by obtaining cuttings. As mother plants, florists advise using healthy, well-developed and well-groomed specimens no more than 5 years old:

Attention! The fastest roots form short side shoots, which clematis released after heavy pruning. They contain the largest number substances useful for rooting.

When preparing cuttings, cut no more than 1/3 of the shoots. It's important that mother plant continued to live and develop normally. After the procedure, feed the flower mineral fertilizer. For example, Kemira-station wagon.

To strengthen the cutting, soak it in Kornevin's solution before planting. The drug is prepared according to the instructions. Alternative for soaking - solution succinic acid. Dilute 2 g of powder in half a liter of water and soak the cuttings for about 10 hours. If time is short, the cut of the cutting can simply be treated with dry Kornevin.

Proper soil preparation for rooting cuttings

One of the key conditions for the survival of clematis shoots is loose and light soil with a high level of moisture absorption. Meets this requirement, for example, soil from 2/3 of plant humus and 1/3 river sand. In this case, your main task in the process of growing a flower is to make sure that the ground under it does not dry out.

Attention! Alternative materials for planting cuttings are also very popular: perlite, vermiculite, coconut fiber.

For soil rooting of clematis, ordinary plastic glasses are often used:

make holes in them for drainage;
pour the substrate;
moisturize abundantly;
deepen the cutting so that the internode is halfway in the ground.

If planting in a large container or on a plot, dig a hole in the ground. Fill it with a nutrient substrate, cover it with a 3 cm layer of sand on top. The cuttings are deepened according to the same principle.

With both planting methods, the cutting will require a moist environment in the first stage of rooting. For this:

build a greenhouse;
spray the plant with water at least 2 times a day;
irrigate the cutting with a solution of zircon once a week;
after 2 weeks, start airing the plant by opening the film or glass for 15 minutes. per day;
remove the greenhouse after the shoots appear.

Advice. Good effect on young plant irrigation with sodium humate 2 times a month.

An alternative way to root clematis cuttings - in bottles - is considered even simpler and more effective. Plastic containers are suitable for this procedure. Cut off the top of the bottle. Root cuttings in a stable lower part, as is the case with cups. After that, put the top of the bottle in place and wrap it with tape. Get a mini greenhouse.

Take the bottles out into the garden and bury them to the level of the soil inside. The plant needs light to form roots, but direct rays and overheating are contraindicated. It is best to choose partial shade. To ventilate the plant (after 2 weeks), simply unscrew the plug for 20 minutes. After the formation of strong shoots, remove the top of the bottle, and make drainage holes in the bottom.

Features of clematis cuttings at different times of the year

Some growers call best time for cuttings of clematis May, others - the end of June and the beginning of July. In fact, first of all, focus on the phase of flower development. Optimal time- the beginning of budding or a period of intensive growth. At this time, the green mass of clematis is filled with juice, which is a flower growth stimulator.

Spring, summer and autumn breeding differ slightly:

Spring to receive planting material not cutting, but breaking out is used. Carry out the procedure carefully.
In June, when clematis begins to bloom, the shoots are cut. Leave at least a couple of developed buds on each stump.
In summer, cuttings are rooted in spacious pots, containers or directly in the flower garden. You can first place the shoots in water to take root. In spring, they are best planted in small containers indoors.
In autumn, clematis is propagated in September. To do this, use a flowering vine. Rooting is carried out exclusively in closed ground.

The most important thing when rooting a cutting is its proper preparation, as well as temperature. It is optimal to keep in a greenhouse around + 25 ° C. At proper care a new plant will take root in about 1-1.5 months.

Propagation of clematis by cuttings: video

The magnificent extravaganza of large flowers rarely leaves anyone indifferent. Even the most unattractive buildings, entwined with a plant, are transformed. To decorate other corners own garden clematis, it is not necessary to buy young seedlings. Take advantage of one of the most effective ways propagation of clematis - cuttings.

Propagation of clematis by cuttings in autumn - material preparation

For autumn breeding Clematis cuttings are not used by young green shoots, but slightly lignified. Of course, such cuttings take root and take root much worse, since with the advent of autumn the plant enters a dormant period. However, with proper care, your event is likely to end successfully.

For propagation of clematis in autumn, the middle part of a long lignified shoot is used. It is cut into cuttings about ten centimeters long. It is important that each segment consists of one internode with leaves on the sides and developed buds. Moreover, the cutting is cut in such a way that the distance under the internode is two to three centimeters, and above it - one and a half. The cut must be made at an angle, it is recommended to shorten the large leaves of the cuttings by half.

Reproduction of clematis by layering in the fall - soil preparation

Selection suitable soil will allow you to grow new plants with maximum success. Light, non-greasy soil with good breathable properties is suitable for clematis. It is important that the substrate retains the moisture necessary for the formation of the root system.

For this purpose, a mixture of one part of humus or peat and two parts of sand is perfect. As a primer, you can use vermiculite or coconut fiber tablets.

Planting cuttings of clematis in the ground

For cuttings use small pots or plastic cups. Each container is filled with prepared soil, and then watered. The cuttings are then inserted into the ground with a long and angled end so that the internode is halfway into the ground. It is at this point that small roots will form. By the way, to speed up root formation before planting, the cuttings can be left for several hours in a solution of Kornevin, Heteroauxin or RootSuper, or simply dipped in powder with the end. Containers with cuttings are placed in warm place(about +25 degrees) or covered with a film. To provide high level moisture cuttings are sprayed from a spray bottle up to two to three times a day. As a rule, rooting occurs within a month and a half. For the winter, young plants are placed in a cellar or basement.

The market for offering clematis varieties is very large, but the price is also high. Most often, if you purchase a varietal clematis, then you hope to propagate it.

For fruitful cultivation and reproduction, it is necessary to take into account the requirement of this culture for the conditions environment. This plant prefers sunny places, without drafts.

The soil is favorable loamy, slightly alkaline or neutral, fertile, well fertilized and loose. Not suitable for clematis acidic soils. It should also be taken into account that natural fertilizer hurts clematis.

Propagation of clematis by cuttings

The most fast way reproduce new shoots of the plant. Cuttings must be started before flowering, since from flowering plants cuttings take root worse.

But at the same time, it would not be bad to have time to prepare cuttings from a plant with buds, because natural biostimulants are very active.

Cuttings can be done later, but it will be less effective, because the plants will take root worse.

Cuttings are best cut in the morning, this will help protect the plant from dehydration. It is better to do this in cloudy weather, late evening hours are also favorable. It is not recommended to cut many shoots from the bush at once. There should be no more than a third of them at a time.

The middle part of the shoot is most suitable for cuttings, since top part usually does not have kidneys, and the lower one is too hard and takes root due to this poorly. Cuttings with one node are best rooted.

To speed up the cuttings, they are treated with a solution for biostimulation of growth (Kornevin, etc.).

As a place for rooting, you can use a greenhouse, a greenhouse or a pot with a mixture of peat and sand.

Cuttings root better in diffused light, so it is better to use a special film that protects the plants from overheating, but does not create a large amount of condensate.

You need to plant at a distance of five centimeters and a distance between rows of ten centimeters. Deepens the cutting by 1-2 cm to protect the kidneys from drought.

The main condition for the successful engraftment of the cuttings is uniform soil moisture and high air humidity. It is advisable to spray the plant frequently to prevent drying out.

Watering requires daily, and after a month you can reduce watering to 2 times a week. They take root in about 50 days.

Until spring, we leave it in a greenhouse, covering it with sawdust for winter insulation, in the spring we plant it in prepared beds so that the green cuttings grow to the desired size, and in the fall we transfer the plant to where it will grow constantly. Approximately 60 percent of all planted clematis take root.

You can also try to use the method of spring cuttings, for this, around the middle of May, the shoots are planted in the shade, pinch the tops and cover with transparent glass containers. By autumn, the cuttings already have a good root system.

Reproduction by layering

It is quite easy to grow this plant from cuttings, but it takes a longer period of time.

There are several options for receiving withdrawals:

1. Fertilize bushes up to 2-3 sheets. It is necessary to exclude soil shedding, therefore it is customary to use special cylinders.

In about a year or two, the plant will develop another root, with which the shoots can be separated and planted elsewhere, while cutting the top to the second node.

2. Most simple method can be called horizontal layers. They are best done in autumn or late spring. Near the base of the bush, a groove is made up to two meters long and about 8 centimeters deep.

The shoot must be laid in it, while checking that the top with developed buds is on the surface. Otherwise, clematis will not germinate.

Such layering requires thorough abundant watering and well-loosened soil. Shoots with roots are separated in autumn or at the beginning of the next season, they are cleaned from the ground, divided into separate bushes and transplanted into permanent place growth.

Reproduction by dividing the bush

A good way to propagate both varietal and clematis hybrids. It is used after 5-6 years of growing the plant.

Plants begin to divide a month before frost or in the spring before buds appear. It is worth remembering that plants divided in this way do not take root very well, so you need to fertilize the plant in a timely manner in a year so that new young roots form on the shoots.

It is necessary to carefully dig the bush without damaging the roots, shake off the excess earth and divide the bush into several parts. Pay attention that each part has buds and a good root system. Use a knife if necessary.

When old bush it is difficult to dig out the whole thing; you need to dig a root from one of its sides and slightly trim part of the rhizome. In the resulting recess we fall asleep new, fruitful earth. On the next year we repeat all this, but on the other side of the bush.

In this way, you can get up to five plants that will delight you with flowers in the first year.

Reproduction by seeds

Propagation by seeds is usually used to breed new varieties. Hybrid varietal plants rarely retain their qualities, which is partly good)

Seeds differ in size: large from 6 to 8 mm, can sprout within 5 years. These include small-flowered clematis and some large-flowered ones.

Clematis with smaller seeds with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm include six-petal and other varieties.

They remain viable for 3 years. The third group includes very small seeds, they germinate well, but are not durable in storage.

The best time to sow them is spring. Seeds should be sown in open ground or pots. After the appearance of the first leaf, the plant must be planted in a shady place. On the next year we plant clematis in a permanent place.

Whatever method of propagation of this beautiful plant you choose, we wish you success! You may be able to get new variety and your site will delight you with beautiful flowers.