How to open a trading company from scratch. Tax system: what to choose? Real life examples

In this article, I told in detail how to become an entrepreneur and open your own company from scratch (IP and LLC), and what kind of business you can do without experience

Hello dear friend! Alexander Berezhnov is in touch.

Today, more and more people want to become entrepreneurs and open their own company. Friends often turn to me for advice on such matters.

This article is simple and available instruction, which will help all aspiring entrepreneurs to register their company and maintain an official commercial activity.

Let's go in order!

1. What is a firm and what firms are there?

Before telling you how to open your own company, I will define this term and briefly describe what companies are and how they differ.

Firm- is an officially registered independent business unit that realizes its commercial goals in the interests of its participants by selling goods and services.

Such a concept as a firm has synonyms: company, enterprise.

Usually, a firm means a legal entity of one of the organizational legal forms- LLC, CJSC, JSC. These types of firms have both similarities and differences. We will also consider them below.

So the company is sometimes called individual entrepreneurs. However, this is not entirely true, since an individual entrepreneur is an individual registered in the prescribed manner for the purpose of conducting commercial (entrepreneurial) activities.

According to the current legislation, firms include only legal entities(Article 48 Civil Code RF).

And when the question arises of how to create a company, it means the opening of a legal entity.

AT modern society the word "firm" acquires a colloquial connotation.

For example, “Vasya, did you hear that Petrovich opened his own company?”. Almost all people who are engaged in business, they say "he has his own company". This word was especially popular in Russia in the 90s and 2000s.

At that time, the market economy was just emerging in our country, and even in various advertising messages one could see phrases like: "The company offers Construction Materials Wholesale and Retail".

Let's now look at what firms are. I won't give an economics lesson here, and will only look at the types of business ventures that are worth doing if you want to be an entrepreneur.

2. Types of firms and enterprises

1. OJSC (Open Joint Stock Company)- a legal entity, a form of organization of a public company, whose shareholders can sell their shares (stakes) in the company, and other individuals and legal entities can acquire these shares.

Open joint-stock companies are usually opened when it is necessary to quickly and without lengthy procedures attract investment in their business. All participants in such a joint-stock company receive dividends (profit) from existing shares.

The more shares a participant (shareholder) of an LLC owns, the more money he will receive in the form of dividends (earnings per share) for the period of holding shares.

JSC is obliged to publish a statement of its profits and losses. Examples of OJSCs include such giant companies as Gazprom, Sberbank and Lukoil.

2. CJSC (Closed Joint Stock Company)- a form of organization of a non-public company, with a predetermined circle of shareholders (founders).

Unlike an LLC, a CJSC is not required to publish its financial statements.

The current shareholders have the pre-emptive right to purchase shares in such a company.

CJSC is opened in the following cases:

The need to attract external investment;
The total volume of the company's capital is calculated in large amounts;
The founders of this legal entity are going to sell their business some time later.

3. LLC (Company with limited liability) - a legal entity, a feature of which is the limited financial risk of its participants.

In an LLC, all debt obligations cannot exceed the volume of its authorized capital.

This means that the members of the company are liable for the debts of the company only to the extent of their share in authorized capital.

Today LLC is the most popular form of business organization in Russia among legal entities.

Separately, we consider IP (individual entrepreneurship) as a subject of commercial activity.

IP- an individual registered in the manner prescribed by law as an entrepreneur.

This form of business has its advantages and disadvantages. Along with LLC, IP is opened by many aspiring entrepreneurs.

It is worth saying that it is ideal when you have both an individual entrepreneur and an LLC open at the same time.

Moreover, you can register for yourself both an individual entrepreneur and an LLC. The legislation allows this.

For example, you can be an individual entrepreneur, while being the founder (co-founder) of an LLC, and even at the same time be an employee in any other company, and be registered there under an employment contract.

3. How to open your own company - choose the form of business organization

When a person begins to think about formalizing an existing business or wants to immediately open a company and officially become an entrepreneur, the question arises, what is better to open - an individual entrepreneur or an LLC?

There is no definite answer to it. Both options have their advantages and disadvantages.

It remains only to compare these forms of doing business and choose the most suitable one for yourself.

What is better to open - IP or LLC?

Let's take a closer look at the pros and cons of opening an IP and LLC.

IP advantages (+):

Easy and cheap registration. It is very easy to open an IP, and the whole procedure will take you from 2000 to 5000 thousand rubles (this already includes payment of the state fee for registering an IP in the amount of 800 rubles, making a seal and opening a current account).
Low fines and taxes. Sole proprietors usually pay lower taxes than legal entities. All fines for an entrepreneur are 10-50 times less than for legal entities (LLC).
Flexibility of activity. An entrepreneur can work without a current account, often he also does not need to cash register, which complicates the control of real income by the state. Therefore, it is easier for an individual entrepreneur to optimize (minimize) taxes, and he also has less chance of getting sanctions from regulatory authorities.
Easy reporting. For individual entrepreneurs, reporting is much easier than for an LLC, its volume is also smaller. If you want to independently maintain and submit reports for your IP, then after spending a couple of days on this issue, you can do it without any problems.
Free disposal of your own money. All the money of an individual entrepreneur received as a result of conducting commercial activities is his property. So, for example, the money received by an LLC as a result of its commercial activities is the property of this company. You can’t withdraw them just like that, for example, to your card in a bank, or you can’t withdraw them in the form of cash.

According to paragraph 2 of Art. 861 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, all transactions between legal entities and individual entrepreneurs are carried out by bank transfer. Here we will not consider how to withdraw money from the current account of LLC. This is the topic of a separate article.

Cons of IP (-):

An individual entrepreneur is liable for his obligations (debts) with all his property. That is, if you signed any contract, did not fulfill your obligations properly, and you have debts to your clients or partners, then you can be deprived of any property in court. Among it may be: real estate, vehicles, securities, bank deposits, equipment. This is the main disadvantage of IP. The next minus is rather subjective, but it is also present.
Restrictions on certain types of activities. IP, for example, cannot sell alcoholic drinks and engage in some other activities. Keep this in mind before starting your own business.
Individual entrepreneurs are required to pay contributions to the Pension Fund. An individual entrepreneur must pay money to the FIU, regardless of whether he conducts business or not. In the FSS (Social Insurance Fund), the IP makes contributions if there are employees.
"Insolidity" IP. With an individual entrepreneur, you will not always be able to participate in the state. purchases (competitions, quotations), that is, to fulfill government contracts. In most cases, individual entrepreneurs are not allowed to participate in such auctions. Also, they are reluctant to cooperate with IP large companies. Here the image or in another way the psychological moment plays a role. The "business tycoons", unfortunately, associate a private entrepreneur with a small stall in the market, where they sell socks or jeans. Although, by law, no one forbids a person registered as an individual entrepreneur to open a plant with hundreds of employees.

For example, I myself often pay attention to the following interesting fact and even share these observations with friends.

Real life examples
Once I go to a large Adidas brand store, I buy sneakers, and on the check it says “IP Babayan”.
Also recently I dined at a famous chain fast food"Subway" and what do you think? Same situation! The seller's inscription "IP Petrov" on the check.

Why is this happening? The answer is simple!

These entrepreneurs have opened their own franchise business, and accordingly, no one forbids them to be an individual entrepreneur and conduct their business under the brand name of a promoted brand.

Information on how to become an entrepreneur and open a franchise business can be found below in the "" section. This is one of the best ways to start your own business when you have already opened a company.

There are other disadvantages of IP, they are more related to the accounting side of the issue.

Therefore, when you register your company, contact an accountant and he will tell you what is better to open: an LLC or an individual entrepreneur.

On this brief analysis advantages and disadvantages of IP is completed.

Let's move on to the analysis of LLC.

Advantages of LLC (+):

Limited liability of participants (founders) of the company. How do you personally to an individual there is no risk of being left without money and property if your LLC cannot fulfill its obligations and is left with debts. According to the law, you only risk losing that part of the authorized capital that you own in the company.
Solidity and the ability to carry out any type of activity (with licenses). LLC is a full-fledged company that is trusted. The company can easily carry out any type of activity not prohibited by law, participate in tenders and quotations (public procurement).
An LLC can be sold or bought a company, unlike a sole proprietorship. If you have a need for additional investments or the sale of a business, then an LLC will suit you more than an individual entrepreneur.
A limited liability company does not pay contributions to the Pension Fund if it does not operate. This is very convenient if you are doing business "from time to time". At the same time, the LLC can cover the losses of previous years at the expense of the profit of the current year. Using this, the society reduces the income tax.

Cons of LLC (-):

Relatively expensive and more complicated registration procedure. To open an LLC, you need to collect more documents and the registration of a company itself costs several times more than registration of an individual entrepreneur.
Share capital required. The authorized capital acts as a monetary security for the guarantee obligations of the company to creditors.
Difficulties with the withdrawal of earned funds. The LLC distributes profits among the participants no more than once a quarter, all earned funds after receipt to the LLC's settlement account belong to the company and cannot be withdrawn without special procedures.
The need for accounting and more complex reporting. To maintain an LLC, a full-time or "incoming" accountant is usually hired, since there are subtleties that only a person with special education or experience can understand.
High fines for violations of the law in the field of commercial activity. Some penalties for LLCs are ten times higher than those for individual entrepreneurs. In addition, individual entrepreneurs are less controlled by the state. It is more difficult for a limited liability company to apply "gray" schemes of work and legally evade taxes.

Dear readers, we have comparative analysis the two most popular organizational and legal forms commercial enterprise for a budding entrepreneur.

How to open an IP

I have covered this topic in detail in a separate article on our website: "".

How to open an LLC

I described all the details of creating my own LLC in the article: "".

Now you just have to work, and you can keep accounts and submit reports of your company via the Internet.

4. How to Become an Entrepreneur - 5 Proven Ways to Start Your Business

Method 1. We start our own business from scratch

This method is not the easiest for beginners, but it allows you to go all the way to organizing your business - from finding an idea to officially registering your company and making the first profit.

If you decide that you definitely want to open your own business on your own, but do not have the necessary knowledge and capital, check out the best articles on this topic from our site for aspiring entrepreneurs.

For example, if you want to organize your business and not invest money in it, read the article "". Always strive not to invest in your business if you have no experience.

With the right knowledge, you can always open your business from scratch, and read how to do it right.

Aerobatics in the future, after you have opened a company and become an entrepreneur, will be to receive passive income from your activities. What is it and how to create passive income, read in.

Method 2. We buy a ready-made company

Buying a ready-made company is another option for starting your own business.

Today on the market, various legal and consulting companies offer to buy a ready-made company from 20,000 rubles.

In this case, you can buy a so-called "pure" company - just registered, which has never been in business and does not have any history.

This method has its pros and cons.

Advantages of buying a ready-made company:

You are getting ready-made company"Full construction". Specialists have already done everything for you and handed over your brainchild to you. You just have to grow it and develop it.
Low risks of "surprises". You have a guarantee that you will not run into lawsuits or debts of the company, as it does not have a commercial history, including a negative one.
Complete freedom of creativity. Now you are the boss and have the right to decide for yourself in which direction to develop your business. You have your company documents in your hands, and you can create all commercial activities and business processes from scratch, based on your business vision.

Cons of buying a ready-made company:

The lack of a "name" in the market. The new company is one of thousands of its kind, without the trust of customers and business partners. You will not be able to use the positive reputation of the company as your asset, you will have to work on it and create a good reputation for the company yourself. You can also buy a ready-made company with equipment, employees and a solid history of existence. In this case, you will need an expert business appraiser and an auditor. These specialists will conduct a comprehensive assessment of your future enterprise and give their opinion on the feasibility of buying such a business.

I had the experience of buying a ready-made business with 9 employees who worked in shifts (the establishment functioned around the clock). It was a gaming computer club with 17 seats (seventeen gaming computers and one server).

This experience allowed me to evaluate in practice all the advantages and disadvantages of buying a ready-made business, which I wrote about above.

Method 3. We create a business on the Internet

Business on the Internet is a great opportunity to start your own business without investments, for example, by educating people and selling your knowledge in the form of information goods.

Here are some ways to make money online:

Provide paid services (freelance). If you know how to design, write texts or program, you can sell your services on the Internet at fl.ru and workzilla.ru - these are the most popular exchanges for freelancers.
Set up for remote work. You can also find a permanent employer and work from home, for example, in a call center as an operator or an online store manager.
Create your own website (blog) and organize your own information business. If you are computer savvy and a fast learner, then try setting up your online business. To create a successful business on the Internet, you will need to create your own website, attract visitors to it, collect your subscriber base, and then competently monetize it. For example, the HiterBober.ru site, where you are now, brings a good income. By creating such a project, you can not work anywhere else and provide for yourself by doing what you love. You can learn more about how to create such projects from Konstantin Rudnev's course "".
Sell goods over the Internet. The easiest way to sell products on the Internet is with the help of electronic bulletin boards. The most popular and effective platform for selling goods today is Avito.ru. You can find out how to earn on Avito.ru from 2000 rubles a day.
Open your online store. How to do it right and what you need to know, I already wrote in the article "".

I wrote in more detail about these and other ways of earning money in the article "".

Method 4. Opening a franchise business

If you have a decent amount of money, but do not have enough experience in business, then starting a franchise business is the best option for you.

Usually to buy good franchise, an amount from several hundred thousand to several million rubles is required.

If you are not yet familiar with the concepts of franchising and franchise, I will briefly talk about them:

Franchising is a way to organize your business under the brand name of a well-known brand using its technologies and trademark.
Franchise is the right to use the franchisor's brand and use its business model.

How to start a franchise business

To do this, you find a company that grants the right to franchise on its own behalf. On its terms, you acquire a franchise and work by paying royalties*.

Royalty- the type of license fee paid by the franchisee (franchisee) to the franchisor (franchisor).

The advantages of starting a franchise business are obvious: you do not need to "reinvent the wheel", but only need to develop your business using a well-known brand and proven technology.

At the same time, you must strictly comply with all the requirements of your franchisor, otherwise, he will have the right to withdraw the franchise from you. This is the disadvantage of opening a franchise business, since you cannot deviate from the rules and engage in “amateur activities”.

Method 5. We develop the skill of direct sales and become a partner of a reliable company

If you want to gain experience in business, I advise you to develop the main business skill - direct sales.

Recently, I became convinced that you can really sell anything.

Let me briefly describe my experiment.

Real life example
A few months ago I took a personal training in sales and negotiation. It lasted 5 days. Finally, the coach gave me the task of selling his business cards.
Can you imagine?! Business cards are distributed for free and who will buy them?
However, despite this, in 2 hours in the park of our city (Stavropol) I sold 7 business cards at 100 rubles apiece and earned 700 rubles. It's practically money out of thin air.

It's curious that average salary in Russia a little more than 20,000 rubles.

Conclusion

Even selling business cards on the street in a provincial town, you can earn an average salary.

By developing direct selling skills, you can build successful business in a network marketing company or open a branch of a well-known company in your city.

You can also become a freelance seller in any commercial organization and sell real estate, cars or computers.

After all, every business is interested in getting new customers and its owners will be happy to share with you part of the profit if you bring it.

5. Convenient service for registering a company (IP and LLC) via the Internet

I myself use some of the functions of this accounting department and recommend it to my friends who want to open a company and start their own business.

Service benefits:

Availability of free options
Full management of all transactions via the Internet
Help consultation: lawyers and accountants

The My Business service also has affiliate program with which you can earn.

6. Conclusion

Dear friend, summing up, I want to tell you honestly that becoming an entrepreneur from scratch and opening your own company is the path that strong and courageous people choose, it is not the easiest if you want to make money.

Most people choose standard work, stability and clarity, they care about measured life. This is not bad and not good, just everyone is different and everyone does as he sees fit.

The path of the entrepreneur is a risky step that can lead you to depression and inner emptiness. It often happens when you don’t succeed and everything falls out of your hands.

This state is familiar to me firsthand, when you can lie for weeks, look at one point and think, how could such a “priest” happen to me ?! At this moment, there is no strength to rise ...

This happens when you miscalculated in your plans, lost a large amount of money and so on.

But, as you know, everything in life is cyclical and every fall is followed by an even greater rise.

Remember that a businessman is a high-flying bird.

Therefore, if you are sure that the business is yours and you are destined to become an entrepreneur, go ahead!

Learn, meet people from the business area in which you plan to start your project and sooner or later you will succeed, I promise!

That's all for me.

P.S. Do not forget to like, ask your questions on the topic in the comments and visit HeatherBober.ru more often

Good luck in business!

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Opening your own business is the dream of many, and the dream is quite within reach if you know where to start and how to act. The opening procedure itself is not very complicated, but it is associated with a lot of important nuances, so you should stock up on knowledge, time and, of course, financial capabilities. The whole step-by-step algorithm of work, package required documents and typical mistakes further in the article.

What is a firm and what are firms?

Firm - the common name of an enterprise, that is, a business based on a legal entity. We will consider a legal entity, although the company is sometimes also called the activity of an individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneur), although this is a fundamentally wrong name. So further we will call a firm a legal entity registered in the prescribed manner.

Opening your own company is the dream of many

In our country, the current legislation provides for the possibility of registering the following types of legal entities:

An open joint stock company is a form of organization of a legal entity in which the owners sell their shares to any person.
A closed joint stock company is a form of legal entity in which the owners sell shares only to members of the company.
A limited liability company is the most common form, based on members' contributions to a common fund.

There are a number of other forms of legal entities, but we will be interested in the simplest and most common option - a limited liability company (LLC). It is this type of company that can be opened most simply and with low cash costs.

What is an LLC?

A limited liability company is a legal entity registered in the prescribed manner with one or more founders (participants). The founders agree on the creation of such a society and contribute to charter capital firms own funds - each in a certain amount, and not necessarily in equal shares.

Contributions to the general fund can be anything - from money to property. Further, the company is registered and begins its activity. As initial working capital the created authorized capital is used.

The main advantages of an LLC are:

As the name implies, the members of the company have limited liability. This lies in the fact that in any case (the company has debts, fines, etc.), the maximum financial losses of participants will be limited by the size of their contributions. In other words, if a participant contributed, for example, 10 thousand to the authorized capital of an LLC, then in any case he will be liable for the obligations of the company only with this amount, and not a penny more. This distinguishes LLC from other forms of legal entities, including individual entrepreneurs.(we will consider this option further).

A limited liability company is a full-fledged company that has the right to engage in any type of activity (some require a license). The company can participate in transactions, auctions, auctions, tenders- in a word, to conduct full-fledged work as a business entity.

This company can be sold as a legal entity or bought. This form of enterprise is most convenient for investments, as well as mergers with other similar firms to expand activities.

This form of society has a rather convenient and variable taxation system, that is, you can choose a system depending on your own preferences and type of activity. This is very convenient if the company does not always work, but, for example, according to the seasonal schedule. In addition, an LLC can reduce its tax base due to losses., so that such a company will be quite convenient and profitable for starting a business based on it.

Extremely simple and inexpensive registration procedure. For this, there is no need to prepare a lot of documents, collect certificates and more. However, registration of an individual entrepreneur is even easier, but more on that later.

Of course, a company like LLC has some drawbacks. Among the main ones are the following:

1. To register a company, an authorized capital is required. Its cost cannot be less than 10 thousand rubles, and for some types of activities minimum size can be large, up to tens of millions of rubles. We are interested in the simplest and affordable option, so let's stop at 10 thousand, which will not be very difficult to collect to start a business project.

2. The LLC has a rather complicated system for withdrawing participants' earnings (dividends). To do this, special procedures must be followed, provided for by the Charter of the company and the current legislation.

3. A limited liability company, unlike an individual entrepreneur, is obliged to conduct Accounting, and with rather complex reporting. At the same time, a lot of nuances in the accounting field require hiring a specialist on staff or using the services of third-party accountants.

4. If there are violations of the law in the field of commercial activity, you will have to pay quite high fines. For legal entities, the fines are sometimes dozens of times higher than the fines for individuals, moreover, from government agencies in relation to legal entities, higher control.

Now let's clarify the question of the difference between an LLC and an individual entrepreneur, since this issue is very often interested. The obvious advantages of an individual entrepreneur include the utmost simplicity of registration and conduct of activities, and without accounting, complex system taxation and so on.

IP also has disadvantages. These include the "disrepute" of such an initiative, as well as the inability to conduct certain types of activities. But the most main disadvantage is that an individual entrepreneur is responsible for his commercial activities with all his property. That is, in the event of accumulation of debts or fines, the entrepreneur will be responsible with his money, bank deposit, car, real estate - in a word, everything that belongs to him as an individual. Compared to the limited liability of the LLC participants only to the contributions made, this is a rather serious drawback.

step by step algorithm

Discussion of conditions at the general meeting of future participants.

Choice of name and activities.
Distribution of shares in the authorized capital.

Development of the Charter of the company and preparation of minutes of the meeting.

Indication of important details in the Charter.
Statement in the minutes of the decision of the founders.

Signing the Charter at the notary.

Payment of all fees.
Signing of the Charter and other documents.

Registration of the enterprise in the Federal Tax Service.

Visit of a representative to the Federal Tax Service.
Registration actions.

Now let's move on to discussing each step separately and break it all down. necessary actions for each stage.

Step 1. How to prepare for opening a company?

So, let's move on to the opening procedure, which involves registering a legal entity in the prescribed manner. First of all, you should decide on the participants - there will be one or several. At a meeting with colleagues, a number of important issues should be resolved, for example, what the company will do, where the office will be located, whether production or warehouses are possible - in a word, it is necessary to resolve all issues that may be encountered during the conduct of a business project . After discussing the conditions for the start of activities and other nuances, they proceed to specific procedures.

So, the founders convene a meeting at which they decide to create an LLC and make certain contributions to its authorized capital. This is documented in a special document called a protocol. If the founder is in one person, it is drawn up by a decision. The document must contain the following information:

the date of the general meeting.
Composition of the meeting (founders and guests).
Agenda (creation of an LLC with a specific name, approval of the Charter, registration of an LLC personally by the founders or an authorized person, distribution of shares contributed, appointment of a director, other important issues regarding the start of the company's activities).
Voting results on issues.
Participants' signatures.

The protocol must contain the agenda and the results of voting on each of the agenda items. It is necessary to specify how many participants voted, how they voted and whether a decision was made.

There exists important nuance- it is desirable that the founders of the company had an odd number. The reason is simple and is that any vote could theoretically be deadlocked if the results for and against show 50/50. With an odd number of participants, such a hitch is impossible and no delays are foreseen.

By this time, the Charter of the new company should be ready, which should contain the conditions for the operation of the LLC. In principle, most charters are of the same type, but still have certain specifics in content, in accordance with the types of activities or interests of the founders.

By the way, the name for your company should be chosen in advance, since the name you like can simply be taken and the LLC will not be registered. You can check the name on the Internet on the website of the tax service ( nalog.ru) in the relevant section with the register of legal entities. By the way, it is possible to reserve the necessary name in advance, before the registration of the company, especially if it concerns fairly common and well-known words.

Having a ready protocol of the meeting of participants and two copies of the Charter of the new enterprise, you can go to the nearest notary. This is a norm required by law - the signatures of individuals in the Charter must be notarized. By the way, another company can also be a member of the company - there are no special differences in procedures, just the director of the parent company will put the signature.

Advice

Careful consideration should be given to the choice of the type of activity of the company. In most cases, an LLC is created for a specific activity, for example, for trading in a specific group of goods. It should be remembered that a number of activities are subject to licensing, so you need to remember that you will have to obtain an additional permit document.

A list of activities with their codes can be found on the service of the fiscal service. You can choose either one or several types - their number for one company is not limited by anything. At the same time, one should not forget that taxation will be taken into account from the main type of activity - it is always the first one in the list of areas of the company's work.

Step 2. Contributed shares

As required by law, at the time of registration of the company, it is necessary to form at least half of the authorized capital of the LLC. That is, on current account firms (opened in the name of one of the founders) must have the minimum required amount of money.

Formation of the authorized capital by various property is allowed. In this case, all the founders carry out an assessment of such property, about which an appropriate act is drawn up. In this way, it is also possible to form the required capital, but in cash will be more reliable. Also, the presence of cash on the accounts makes it possible to directly use them in their activities as working capital.

In order to avoid various disputes between the participants in the future, it is necessary to carefully prescribe the shares and the procedure for their distribution in the Charter of the company. This is a very important point, which should not be missed. There are numerous disputes between participants over shares in the company (when it has already become powerful enough), which stretch for years and require high costs.

Step 3. State registration

For direct registration of a company, you must fill out an application in the form P11001 - you can download the form on the website nalog.ruin the relevant section. There are no difficulties in filling out, but you should still be careful and avoid mistakes. On the same service, you can generate a receipt for the state duty for registration of a legal entity. At the end of 2018, this fee is 4 thousand rubles.

It should be recalled here that from the beginning of 2019, this fee can be waived if the company is registered electronically. That is, if you come to the registrar with paper documents, you will have to pay 4 thousand, and if you register through the service website, then you do not need to pay. Only for such a procedure you will need an electronic signature, but now it can be issued in many places, and quite inexpensively, and it may come in handy in the future. Using an electronic signature, you can submit reports, sign contracts, conduct official correspondence, and much more. This greatly simplifies the paperwork.

Step 4. Package of documents

So, for a visit to the registrar, you should have a prepared package of documents, consisting of:

Minutes of the general meeting on the establishment of the company or the decision of one founder.
Two copies of the Charter, with notarized signatures of the participants.
Completed application form R11001.
Receipt of payment of the state fee for carrying out registration actions.

With this package of documents, you must go to the registrar at the nearest fiscal service body. In the overwhelming majority of cases, the founders appoint its director (until the moment of registration - the future) responsible for registering the company, who needs to issue an appropriate power of attorney with a list of powers. The power of attorney must be notarized.

By the way, simultaneously with the procedure for registering a legal entity, it is necessary to choose a taxation system for it. There are several systems and each of them is different. own characteristics, details, pluses and minuses. Which one to choose is the business of the founders, and now we will not focus on this topic.

Growing number Vehicle on the roads of Russia directly stimulates an increase in demand for their components. Entrepreneurial people know this feature and successfully strive to implement it. We will talk in detail about how to make a business on auto parts in today's article.

general information

Every car needs repairs sooner or later. The older the car gets, the more big investments she demands. And as the number of vehicles on our roads increases from year to year, the need for components is growing. auto parts business proper organization become a stable source of income.

In addition to spare parts, the company can supply and sell consumables. These include oils, filters, auto accessories and more. When creating your own business, you need to focus on the focus of the region where you plan to open a company.

Maybe, in great demand spare parts will be used not only for cars, but also for trucks, buses or agricultural machinery. Signing a contract for the supply of goods to any auto company will be of great help. In this case, the percentage of the probability of a successful outcome of the case increases many times over.

Market and competitors

The auto parts market is quite large these days. Before thinking about starting a business, analyze it and study the competitors. You may be able to find auto parts business ideas that haven't caught on yet and be the first in the field. Analysis can be done in several ways.

The first, and it is considered the simplest and most inexpensive, is employment in a specialized auto parts store. In a short time, you will be able to thoroughly study the running positions, understand the features that are characteristic of this issue.

If you have no desire to work for hire, you can do an analysis of cars in the region. Find out their age, models, take an interest in problems in auto repair shops. The last way you can resort to before opening an auto parts business is to order an analysis from professionals. In this case, you will receive detailed and detailed information about how the situation has developed at a certain moment.

Project

After studying the data obtained, you must draw up a business plan, which you will rely on not only in organizational issues but also when planning financial investments. In addition, the project will allow, if necessary, to attract additional funds.

Contracts with suppliers

Thinking about how to organize the sale of auto parts, you need to decide on the range. On the initial stage preference should be given to the most popular positions. After the list of nomenclature has been identified, it is required to find suppliers and conclude contracts with them.

Some entrepreneurs, taking their first steps in this business, buy goods in wholesale markets or in stores. good option it will be possible to take auto parts for sale. It is possible to ensure the full-fledged operation of the company without a shortage of goods (especially in the off-season) if you find and conclude written agreements with several suppliers at once.

Don't lose sight of your competitors. Conduct price monitoring. Look for better offers from suppliers. By doing this, you can reduce the cost of goods in your store and make it attractive to customers. Business development will also require tracking trends in the regional car market. Do not disregard the release of new models and modifications of cars.

Start-up capital

To start a business selling auto parts, you need about 30 thousand dollars. With an average turnover of 10 thousand dollars per month and a trade margin of about 20-25%, its profitability will be 20-25%. If you follow all the subtleties and features of the auto business, the store will be able to fully pay for itself in 9-12 months. This figure is considered quite high.

Legal aspects

When choosing auto parts as a business, you should carry out the procedure for registering an individual entrepreneur (IP) or a limited liability company (LLC). This can be done by submitting the appropriate application form to the local tax authority. You will receive a certificate of registration, assignment of a TIN, registration with the Tax Inspectorate, and you will receive the codes of the State Statistics Committee.

In addition, you must register the company with the medical, pension and social insurance funds. The final moment will be the choice of a taxation system, the opening of a current account and the production of a seal. For novice businessmen, given the low turnover, it is best to give preference to individual entrepreneurship. Thus, you can save on taxes and reduce the amount of paperwork.

Location

In parallel with the development of the project and registration with the tax service, it is necessary to resolve the issue of the location of the store. This largely determines the success with which your business will develop. The sale of auto parts will bring big profits if the outlet is located near service stations, garages, and highways. This should be done taking into account the traffic of people: the higher it is, the more customers will notice your store.

The premises can be rented or built from scratch. The first method is simpler for beginner entrepreneurs, since the construction of a building will require considerable investments. In addition, it is worth creating a website. With it, you can sell the most popular items, order spare parts and consumables via the Internet.

Arrangement of the premises, organizational moments

When opening your own auto parts business, you need to come up with a sonorous name for the store. It should reflect the essence of your company and be easy to remember. Make sure your sign is bright and easy to read. Internal and appearance the store must arrange customers to visit it. Install high-quality lighting so that the product is clearly visible. An important point is the presence of a parking lot or convenient access to the outlet.

It is best to adjust the store's work schedule in such a way that the client has the opportunity to purchase goods at the end of the working day and on weekends. This time is convenient for those who repair the car on their own.

Make the store open 24/7 if possible. This is especially true in those cities where federal highways pass. Drivers, "broken" on the road, will certainly look for a store that works around the clock. This will bring additional profit to your company.

Equipment

As such, equipment for a company selling auto parts is not required. Like any outlet, the store needs to be equipped with shelving, showcases, racks and shelves, on which goods can be conveniently and freely placed. Today, for such a business, access to the Internet is important. With it, you can easily and quickly identify and select spare parts by VIN code. This opportunity is especially relevant for owners of foreign cars.

Staff

With experience in the sale of auto parts and good knowledge in this industry, shop work for the first time can start on their own. With a favorable set of circumstances, the business will begin to develop and grow, there will be a need for additional staff. In this case, it makes sense to involve sales consultants with experience in the automotive industry.

Not being able to do bookkeeping on your own, you need to hire a permanent or visiting accountant. An additional advantage will be the service of an independent master who will be able to assess the breakdown of the car and give the motorist an answer to the question of what parts will fit his car. His duties may include small minor repairs, which are carried out on the spot.

Finally

After passing all the organizational stages, you will receive ready business. Auto parts will be in demand until cars stop breaking down. And this modern technologies has not yet been achieved. Focus on the quality of the products sold, track the company's pricing policy - and success will surely accompany your business.

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