Decorative varnish - shine and protection of your plaster! Wall glazing Step-by-step execution of a painting in watercolor.

Decorative plaster is considered a finishing coating, that is, one that should be applied last. However, often the surface created by this material is painted, varnished, waxed and glazed. Glazing compositions are needed not only for additional protection, but also in order to decorative effect the plaster was fully revealed.

Why paint

Wide bristle roller is well suited for painting porous surfaces

Many decorative plasters are tinted in mass and do not need additional painting. However, just as a large number of solutions cannot manifest themselves unless they are covered with a layer of paint. Sometimes this procedure is an integral process of creating a decorative coating on the wall. Painting decorative plaster needed to achieve the following goals:

Protection of the finished coating from external influences. The painted surface resists dirt better and is easier to clean.
Giving the coating the desired shade, because many materials are sold in white or gray.
The manifestation of the decorative effect of plaster, which was applied in two layers and created a relief structure. In this case, painting decorative plaster in two colors is used so that the protruding part of the relief has a color different from the shade of the lower layer. A striking example is the coloring of the “bark beetle” texture.

How to paint: the choice of materials and tools

You can choose both interior and facade paints. The manufacturer of decorative plaster always indicates on the packaging with the solution which paint is best combined with it. It can be acrylic, silicate, silicone or water-based paints. It is best to select the finishing material for the type of decoration. If the decorative plaster is on a silicate basis, then it is better to take the same paint.

As a standard, it is recommended to use materials from the same manufacturer. There are times when products different manufacturers does not mix well, causing the paint to peel off within a couple of years after it is applied.

You also need not to make a mistake with the consumption of paint, so as not to go to the store twice. Do-it-yourself painting of decorative plaster is always carried out in two stages. However, on cans of paint, the consumption is usually indicated based on the application of one layer. You need to be careful and remember that you need two layers. By the way, if you literally lack 100 ml of paint in terms of footage, then it can be diluted with water. It is usually recommended to add water in an amount of 10% of the total mass of the paint. The bank always has instructions on this account.

Applying paint with a sponge helps to show and emphasize coatings with different textures.

The following tools may be required for work:

wide brush - for small areas and hard-to-reach places;
roller - a classic option for large amounts of work;
special mitten - for Venetian plasters;
rubber sponge - to reduce contrast;
wide spatula - a glazing composition for decorative plaster is applied in a thin layer.

Finished surface painting technology

The application of any new coating is allowed when the previous layer is completely dry. The easiest way to do the work is if decorative plaster was made for painting. In this case, the wall is perfectly smooth and we will not spoil the coating. The second coat of paint is applied only after the first one has completely dried. This usually takes from 4 to 24 hours, depending on the material chosen and the conditions in which you have to work. With high humidity and low temperatures the paint can dry for 2 days if applied in a thick layer.

All surfaces adjacent to the wall should be protected from paint contamination. To do this, around the perimeter working area masking tape is applied. When there are exits beyond the edges, the paint will fall on this adhesive tape, and it will already peel off after the work is completed. The result will be smooth and beautiful painting without affecting adjacent areas. It is better to lay a film on the floor to protect it from paint drops.

Masking tape can also be used to create additional patterns

Painting decorative plaster with a roller is no different from painting ordinary plaster with a roller. Dilute the paint, pour it into a special tray, dip a roller into it, run it along the corrugated surface of the tray to remove excess paint, and then proceed directly to painting the wall. Postings with a roller are made from top to bottom, and then from bottom to top.

Working only with a roller, we get a uniform application of paint. This can easily show up on decorative plaster. If the most simple textures are used, then there is nothing to worry about. But for more refined reliefs, this can be critical. Therefore, some take a brush, because it can make strokes of any length in various directions. Then the surface can get rid of its monotony, although it all depends on the effect created by decorative plaster. Sometimes it makes sense to apply the first layer of paint with a brush (multidirectional movements), and the second layer with a roller (smooth vertical movements).

An example of the development of two shades of paint on one coating

A tandem of a roller and a brush is used to paint a decorative coating with a “rain” type relief. The entire coating is painted with a brush, because it can penetrate into all the grooves, making the pattern one-color. After that, with a roller with a small amount of paint, the protruding parts are painted with light pressure. The paint simply does not get deep into the grooves. The result is a two-tone coating.

A mitten and sponge are used for a fine textured finish to give it an antique effect by enhancing the deep relief. Painting decorative plaster with a spatula is like applying another layer of grout. This technique is used in very rare cases. Usually a spatula is needed to remove excess paint. See the video for more details.

Why you need to use wax, and how it happens

Wax is used to protect the decorative coating from moisture. It is also used to give shine and smoothness. Basically, wax for decorative plaster is used for surfaces that imitate a natural stone. In this case, you cannot do without such a coating, because it emphasizes the created decorative effect.

If acrylic plaster was used to create the coating, then acrylic wax should be taken for the finish layer.

The wax itself can be natural or synthetic.

To give the coating a glossy look, natural wax is used.
Synthetic wax creates a durable matte finish.

Its color is not always transparent, but in any case, with the help of special toners, it can be given the desired shade. For the Venetian, only transparent wax is used. Only in this way will he be able to emphasize all the features of the decorative material without hiding them under his own color. Colored wax is often used to change the shade of the finished coating. And to enhance the finished effect, wax with shades of silver or gold is used. This finish creates a golden effect and helps to mimic a metallic finish.

Clear wax enhances coverage

It is also worth paying attention to the density. If the coating is dense, then the wax should be thick, but if it is porous, then liquid wax will be required. Waxing decorative plaster is carried out using a couple of basic tools. The material can be applied with a sponge or spatula. It is convenient to apply thick wax with a rubber spatula, and liquid wax with a sponge. Sometimes these two methods are combined, applying the composition with a spatula, and the excess is rubbed with a sponge.

Manufacturers finish coat allow it to be diluted with water by 10%. So from thick wax you can always get liquid. In some cases, the material manages to be diluted with water even by 30%. Such a rash step can only be taken if there is not enough wax for the entire area. It is diluted, increasing in volume, so as not to buy a new one.

You can reduce wax consumption by a third if applied to the finished decorative coating priming deep penetration. And after it dries, apply wax. However, this method is not suitable for all textures, and the final result is, to put it mildly, not the most beautiful. IN best case, you will be left without gloss.

Waxing for protection and shine

It doesn't matter if you apply the wax with a spatula, foam sponge or a piece of soft tissue. Just compositions with different densities are applied different tools. The main thing is that after the wax has been applied to the decorative plaster, it must be rubbed into the surface. You will need a piece of cloth with which the wax is gently rubbed into the wall until a gloss is formed. The movements must be circular.

Wax is applied with a trowel “on the strip” with the smallest possible layer

Before applying the material, it is better to make sure that the coating has no flaws, because after this step the defects cannot be corrected. The surface itself should be dust-free, because even a small crumb under the trowel will scratch the surface when applying wax. By the way, some craftsmen like to apply acrylic wax with a metal trowel. In this case, he gets a shine that cannot be achieved if you use foam rubber or a mitten.

Wax should not be applied in layers, but should be worked from corner to corner. Although the wax dries from 3 to 6 hours (during this time you need to notice all the flaws and fix them), the edges dry much faster. Therefore, you should not yawn, although this process is very painstaking.

Wax polishing is done the next day after its application. This procedure can be performed with a piece of cloth or grinder with a special nozzle. As a result, the finished coating will become more shiny.

Glazing varnish and azure

Lacquer used for decorative plaster on water based for the same purposes as wax. These two coatings are very similar, both in purpose and in the method of application. It’s just that for some decorative surfaces it is recommended to use varnish, and for others best solution there will be wax (you need to see the description of decorative plaster).

After varnish, the coating becomes durable and more protected from mechanical stress in comparison with wax coating. It is also recommended to use varnish in places with high humidity so that the decorative coating lasts longer. According to this indicator, it is also more reliable than wax.

A classic example of applying azure

Azure for decorative plaster is an expensive material. It is used to give an additional decorative effect to the finished coating. If the painting of decorative plaster can be carried out with various tools, then it is best to use a wide brush without a handle to apply the azure. With chaotic movements, the azure is applied to the wall, creating a mother-of-pearl effect thanks to special fillers in its composition.

If you decide to find out what glazing is, it means that you are an aspiring artist and are interested in various types creative activity. Technique of painting, as well as drawing or processing decorative materials, there are several. The best way- try all the methods of work and choose the appropriate one, the one you like the most, or combine several. This will bring variety to your activities and help you develop your own style.

Definition

Glazing is the sequential application of transparent layers of paint with the condition of the obligatory drying of the previous one. A task this method work - to obtain complex shades of color by optical mixing of "pure" colors superimposed one on top of the other. It is important to dry the first layer well before starting to work with the second, so that mechanical mixing of shades does not occur. Otherwise, you may end up with a dirty, ugly color, and not at all the transparency effect of the work that you expected to get. The same applies to the number of layers. They don't make too many. Depending on the materials used, no more than five are applied to one area. If you overdo it, you can, again, get a dirty color instead of the desired transparent painterly effect of the lightness of objects.

Principle of operation

The main thing to remember is that glazing is the application of precisely transparent layers of paint, that is, any pigment must be highly diluted with water or another suitable composition. Colors for application are usually used spectral, that is, not mixed, but those that you already have in the paint set. For example, to obtain greenish hues, the background is first covered with yellow in one or more layers, depending on the required color intensity, and then similarly used blue color. At optical mixing yellow and red layers produce shades of orange. It is worth remembering that it is better to apply a lighter layer first, for example, yellow first, and blue on it.

Work materials

So, you understand what glazing is. The paints that you use for work must be diluted to a transparent state. As a rule, watercolor is used for these purposes, which is easily brought to the desired concentration with water. Also used and even acrylic. In the latter case, it is better to use special compound to give transparency. When working with oil paints, a solvent or similar liquids are used.

As a basis for applying glazes, you can choose paper, primed canvas, fiberboard, wood and other blanks for arts and crafts.

Glazing in painting

When creating paintings, this technique is used as an independent or as an auxiliary. In the first case, the work is created, as a rule, using chromatic shades, that is, the entire spectrum of possible shades. The second option of work involves the creation of a monochrome image, which is also called grisaille.

It allows you to concentrate on tonal transitions, creating the shape and volume of objects, without paying attention to color. Often the glazing technique is used to create an underpainting in oil painting (distribution of tonal transitions).

Step by step watercolor painting

If you decide to master the technique of creating a landscape, portrait or still life in layers, pay attention to the complexity of the plot. choose simple options. To work from nature, make a simple composition of several objects that will not change even after several weeks of your work. Do not use flowers, fruits, or replace natural ones with artificial counterparts.

Another option is to copy the finished painting. It is easier if you do not take a complex plot. As a first experience, you can choose to make a copy of a picture that has a step-by-step explanation of the work in photo or video format.

The general sequence of actions will be as follows:

1. Choose a plot and draw the contours with thin lines on a sheet of paper (preferably special watercolor). Execute the first transparent background layer. It can be either one shade or created in a raw way with smooth transition tones.

2. Dry the first layer and begin to fill in areas of the picture with other transparent layers, bypassing the right details along the outer or inner contour. Transitions from one color to another in one layer are best done smoothly, if these are not the boundaries of the form, as in the example of the following illustration.

3. Dry the created layer again and perform the third one using the same technology.

4. At the final stage, the darkest and most saturated areas are created. Don't forget that they should still be transparent.

Wood glazing

Very interesting effects can be achieved using this technique in arts and crafts. Often, wood is used as the basis for making souvenirs, as it is cheap, affordable, and the range of modern blanks is very diverse. Used to decorate wood different materials and methods. As for glazes, they allow you to change the shade of the original object while maintaining the texture of the material (fibers, veins, rings, if used). This can be widely used in your work when you just need to change the shade of an object, for example, darken or give a decorative effect of aging the surface rainbow transitions.

Glazing in decoupage

If you are engaged in the manufacture of souvenirs using napkin technique, the method of applying transparent paint in layers will also come in handy. Since wood is often used as the basis for work, everything said in previous section easily applicable here as well. Although, in addition to obtaining a new shade of the background both on wood and on other material, you can easily create unusual effects for the pasted images themselves, either by pre-tinting the background, or with a napkin already pasted. Glazing allows you to get a lot of effects. A master class on writing a watercolor painting is only a small part of the possibilities of the technique. In decoupage, you can create the effect of aging things, give the workpiece the texture of marble, precious stones and other materials. Also, with the help of glazing, it is easy to change even the mood produced by the impression of the image used, to make it more subdued, if necessary.

So, you have learned what glazing is. This is very interesting and useful technique. It can be used both for creating picturesque paintings in watercolor on paper, and for arts and crafts in order to obtain unusual effects.

All photos from the article

Wood has been used in construction for centuries, but for all its advantages, it also has a number of disadvantages. IN last years materials have been developed to minimize them. One of them is a glazing coating for wood.

Why does wood need protection?

The main disadvantages of wood are its low moisture resistance, as well as exposure to harmful microorganisms and insects. These shortcomings lead to rapid decay and destruction of the material.
It should be borne in mind that mold and other pathogenic organisms can significantly harm human health. They cause allergies, diseases of the respiratory tract and organs, etc.

Note!
To eliminate the voiced shortcomings of wood, paints and varnishes and antiseptic compounds are used.
They protect the material from, and also have decorative properties.

Manufacturers produce many coatings and impregnations for wood, but the most interesting of them are glazing compounds.

Features of glazing coatings

Glazing (German: Lasierung - “glaze”) means a technology for creating deep iridescent tones by applying translucent coatings on top of primary colors.. This concept includes special translucent dyes used in construction.
In fact, glazing substances mean the type of coatings that are used to give the base an additional decorative effect.. Their dry residue is usually 10% and is similar in composition to very
As a diluent here, you can use both water and organic type solvents..
Usually, a glazing impregnation for wood is used, because. emphasizes its texture and texture. Protective modifiers are often introduced into such materials - bactericides, fungicides, insecticides.

Translucent paints and impregnations for wood

Let's figure out what coloring antiseptics are.

Toning antiseptics

Antiseptics of this kind are the most popular, because they do not destroy the dignity of the texture. natural wood on the contrary, they emphasize them as much as possible.
Their composition includes alkyd types of resins, as well as natural oils: fish, linseed, tall oil.
Glazing antiseptics effectively cope with harmful microorganisms and insects.
If the suspension is used with outer side at home, it will protect it from atmospheric influences that lead to fading, blackening and cracking of the wood.

Glazing antiseptics for wood differ in several ways.

Impregnations can be diluted with water or organic solvents. The first group of compounds is more environmentally friendly, so it is more popular.
According to the degree of gloss, tinting antiseptics are divided into satin, matte and semi-glossy counterparts.

Note!
It is advisable to apply glazing impregnations on wooden structures immediately after their erection.
Next, the surface should be covered with tinted paint.

Below is an example specifications glazing antiseptic (brand "Empils Krona").

Paint and varnish compositions

Glazing paint for wood is used to create a finish coating on wood surfaces.

After it dries, a translucent layer remains on the surface, emphasizing the natural texture of the material.
The composition not only decorates the skin, but also protects it from external influences.
Toning dyes, as the instruction notes, are safe for our health, they have no smell.

Among the products manufactured Russian companies we can distinguish "Neomid Bio-color. Ultra". The price of foreign compositions is slightly higher, among them the most popular paint is Boritex. Ultra".

Russian material can be used for decorative and protective finishes, such as interior spaces wooden buildings and their facades.

It stops the reproduction of fungi, mold on the tree, the appearance of blackness and rot on it.
Micro-wax is included in the composition of the paint, its surface layer is elastic and has water-repellent qualities.
The tinting dye prevents fading and cracking of the wood, as it protects it from the action of ultraviolet radiation - the sun.
This composition has a low viscosity, on the basis of this, it is easily applied to the tree.

After applying the tinting composition with your own hands, the natural texture and texture of the skin does not change, but is emphasized by the created semi-gloss layer.

Output

Glazing impregnations and paints have e only decorative qualities. They reliably protect wood from harmful microorganisms, insects, as well as exposure to external factors. The video in this article will continue to inform you on the topic.

The name of this technique comes from the world of fine arts. Glaze, or otherwise, glizal is a technique for obtaining more complex colors and shades, using paint, or special varnishes.

Glazing technique in finishing works, of course, differs from similar techniques in art. During finishing, the effect of different textural saturation, depth of painting is achieved. As is clear from all that has been said, this technique is used for painting work, during wall decoration. The most important condition for a painted surface is absolute smoothness, a leveled surface, therefore, without preliminary work you can't do it.

The wall must first be painted in the color of your choice, the paint should also lie evenly, in one layer. The second layer of paint should base on the first, main layer, that is, it should become a tint. Experts advise, before proceeding to the second stage of painting, to test on something, at least on paper. To pick up lucky shade, mix the main and additional, tint paint in a ratio of five to one, if it turns out very thick, add a little thinner.

There are several tools for applying the glaze layer: brushes, sponge, cloth, paper.

The first way, applying glaze with a brush.
The second, tint layer, is applied to the first, already dried layer, with a large brush, crosswise, leaving small gaps. After that, using a softer brush, it is necessary to blend the entire surface. We leave this layer to dry, and gradually prepare the paint for the next, third layer, it can be either darker or lighter than the previous layers.

The technique for applying the last layer is exactly the same as the previous one. After the paint has completely dried, proceed to final stage– covering the wall with varnish, it is necessary to apply it, in two layers.

As a result, you have a beautiful, as if carelessly painted coating.
Glazing with a sponge gives a completely different look, the tint pattern becomes, as it were, shimmering.

The use of a sponge is also required in the second application of paint, make sure that the sponge evenly touches the entire surface, if you are not completely satisfied with the texture, then tear the sponge and apply the pattern with a torn edge. In this case, the application of paint with a sponge should not be continuous, there should be large gaps that you will fill in the third time. The final step is exactly the same.

For glazing with a fabric, a textured fabric with a rigid pattern is required. The second coat of paint is applied with the fabric itself, it must be wrinkled. Drawing with a wet cloth, or semi-dry will be different, decide on your choice in advance. The application of glazing with a cloth occurs in exactly the same way as when using a sponge.

We have described the basic glazing techniques for you, but you can also try your own, original ways The main thing is that you are satisfied with the end result.

For those who have been dealing with wood for a long time and wooden products the expression “glazing composition” is necessarily familiar, but for beginners using wood as interior details or coatings, it is very important to know what it is and how this material is used. After all, it is the glazing compositions that allow the tree to maintain its original appearance and extend its service life.

What you need to know before working with the material

Glazing implies the processing of wood with certain compositions that can give shine to wood, extend its service life, shade it a little, and, if necessary, muffle the texture of the treated surface. Popularly, such compositions are called glazing paints, which protect the tree from such adverse influences as:

If glazing is performed outside the house, then it protects against various atmospheric phenomena.
Protects against adverse ultraviolet rays and sudden changes in temperature
Protects against mold and mildew

Important! In addition to the protective functions, glazing gives the entire finish an attractive and flawless look.

Since it has already become clear that such compositions can be used not only for interior, but also for exterior work, let's consider the properties of such an application:

Since glazing paints for exterior and interior work differ in composition, their properties will also be different.
Paints for outdoor work are characterized by increased moisture resistance
Sufficiently resistant to sudden changes in temperature
Outdoor use also implies frost resistance of the compositions

Important! For outdoor use, purchase synthetic glazing compounds. These can be polyurethane or alkyd-urethane paints. Having the property of being insoluble in water, they have excellent water resistance.

Keep in mind that outdoor products should not be used indoors as they are not sustainable. And their use in children's rooms and bedrooms is completely prohibited! But inside the house, glazing can be done using acrylic or oil paints. In addition to being environmentally friendly, they also do not have bad smell. If we talk about the properties of such paints, then:

Moisture resistant and UV resistant
Dust does not sit on such finishes and dirt accumulates less
Leaves no smudges
Over time, the shade of the tree does not change.
Dries quickly and enhances wood grain

Important! Drying of such glaze paints usually takes 2-4 hours. This is very high speed drying, if we talk about holding internal works.

Glazing antiseptics

Since working with wood also implies its protection from fungi, mold, harmful bugs and various other formations, it is necessary to use antiseptics for it. The glazing antiseptic perfectly fights microbial pests and even insects.

The composition of such an antiseptic contains alkyd and modified resins, as well as various oils, which make it possible to achieve antiseptic properties. Glazing with the help of such an antiseptic is possible only after considering the varieties of this composition. Signs of differences in antiseptic:

Diluted - these are called water and organic compounds, as they are produced with enhanced environmental standards
The degree of gloss - the group of such glaze compositions includes matte and semi-gloss substances. It is also possible to use satin antiseptics. The properties of the matte material is that it is completely absorbed when applied. Semi-gloss elements are different in that the level of gloss is responsible for the hiding power

In order to properly use a glazing antiseptic, you need to know some tricks and nuances of its use. For example, to make it as effective as possible, apply it immediately after the construction of housing. It is also necessary to apply thin layer, which, if necessary, is applied several times - this protects the coating from smudges.

Before purchasing the material, be sure to read for what purposes it is used. Since there are glazing compounds for outdoor and indoor use, they have different environmental performance indicators. And if glazing takes place on the street, then the use of such a composition in the house is strictly prohibited. If glazing mixtures are used for old wooden coatings, then before applying the antiseptic, it is necessary to clean the surface from old paint and other elements, as well as remove dirt, dust and greasy spots. The validity period of glazing paints is on average 5-7 years, but for this it is important to comply with all conditions and technologies for applying to the surface. Do it all Finishing work at a temperature above five degrees Celsius, and the percentage humidity is not more than 80%.

Also, do not forget that such antiseptics become wear-resistant only after 4 weeks. During this time, do not thoroughly clean the surface of accumulated dust, it will be enough to lightly clean without the use of detergents.