Autumn anemone. Anemone: planting and care

(however, some types of anemones bloom in summer and even in autumn). The area of ​​​​growth is almost all countries of the northern hemisphere of the Earth.

Did you know? The name of the plant can be translated as “daughter of the winds” (from the Greek “anemos” - wind), hence the Russian version is “anemone”, since the delicate anemone flower petals tremble and sway from the slightest breath of the spring wind.

Anemone has more than a hundred species and varieties in its family, and sometimes these are completely different from each other, therefore general description Anemones are hard to come by.

Some types of anemone are completely grown, others, on the contrary, require careful and thorough care, some have tubers, others - etc.

Site selection and preparatory work

Preparatory work with planting material

Anemone can be propagated and. The choice of method depends on many factors, primarily on the variety of anemones and climatic conditions(for example, in some species of anemone, in the absence of pronounced temperature changes in the cold and warm seasons, the seeds develop so slowly that they give germination only in the third year).

How to prepare anemone seeds before sowing

Poor germination of anemone seeds can be somewhat reduced if carried out with them preparatory work. Otherwise, planting anemones with last year's seeds will lead to the germination of no more than a quarter of the material.

A technique called will help improve the result. It denotes the artificial creation of conditions for seeds similar to natural wintering.

To do this, the seed material must be placed in a mixture of sand and (ratio one to three), then moisten the resulting mixture and stand for several days until the seeds swell.
Then the seeds are moistened again, a little more mixture of sand and peat is added and transferred to a cool place where the material is kept until the seeds hatch.

The last stage - the seed container is taken out into the open air and buried in the ground or snow "for wintering". From above, the place where the seeds are buried must be covered from the cold using straw or other improvised material.

After the onset of spring, germinated seeds can be planted in containers under.

Important! Stratification must be carried out if sowing seeds is carried out in the spring. It is not necessary to harden the seeds with cold before autumn planting - this will happen by itself, because the seeds remain in the ground for the winter.

An accelerated way to prepare seeds for sowing is to sow them in boxes filled with soil suitable for anemone, which are buried in the ground for outdoors until spring.
Then the boxes are dug up, and the plant is transplanted.

How to prepare anemone tubers before planting

Anemone species with tuberous rhizomes, for example, crowned, tender, Apennine, Caucasian, etc., multiply by tubers.
This procedure is carried out during the dormant period of the anemone, best of all - at the end of summer. The tuber must be divided so that each part has two or three full-fledged buds and a segment of the tuber itself.

In order for the anemone to give confident and healthy shoots, tubers should be prepared before proceeding directly to planting. Many plant anemone tubers without preparation, or soak the tubers in a growth promoter before planting. Both are serious mistakes.

A large amount of moisture is detrimental to the tuber; you can help it swell by wrapping the tuber in a damp cloth or deepening it in moistened sawdust for about half a day. After the time has passed, the swollen tubers are laid out in containers filled with wet sand, directly on the surface, covered with glass or film and placed for a week in a cool and dark place.

Periodically, the film must be removed so that the tubers receive enough fresh air. When sprouts appear from the tuber, it can be planted - immediately in open ground or in flower.

If after a week the tuber has not germinated (this time for each anemone variety and even for each plant of the same variety may be different), it must be left under the film until sprouts appear.

Depending on the type of anemone, planting and subsequent plant care can vary significantly.
Spring varieties anemones have a short life cycle: in the middle of spring the plant awakens, by the end of spring it blooms and already in the middle of summer falls into a state of dormancy.

However, when creating favorable conditions you can ensure that the anemone will remain green until autumn.

However, in general, such anemone varieties, after they have faded, can be divided and seated to avoid uncontrolled growth.
Anemone, which has a rhizome, is seated, on the contrary, in the spring: autumn transplant these plants do very poorly. Autumn is the time for planting tuberous anemone species.

Planting seeds

Anemone seeds can be planted in spring or autumn. Some gardeners believe that when choosing autumn sowing, only seeds collected this year should be used.

Important! Anemone seeds should not be buried too deep. In order for fragile sprouts to be able to break through to the surface, the layer of soil that they have to overcome must be minimal - it is enough to literally lightly powder the seeds with soil, leaving them practically on the surface.

When sown in autumn, the first shoots of anemones appear as soon as the snow melts. However, winter sowing keeps serious problem for young plants: soil that is too wet after winter can completely kill the sprouts.
This problem can be avoided by planting anemones in the spring, germinated during the winter in the manner described above. Anemone planted with seeds does not bloom for the first two years.

Planting tubers

It is believed that propagating an anemone is somewhat more difficult than propagating seeds. However, if the technology is followed, this process gives a good result.

If the tubers are properly prepared for planting and germinated, there are no problems with determining the growth point: the tuber is placed in the ground with the sprout up.
It is undesirable to plant unprepared tubers, but if you still decide to try, you need to lower the tuber into the ground with the sharp end down, the flat one should be on top.

In the case when the shape of the tuber does not have pronounced flat and sharp sides, it can be placed sideways in the ground so as not to be mistaken.

A hole for the tuber is dug with a depth corresponding to twice the height of the tuber and a diameter of 30-40 cm.
Before laying the tuber, top dressing is placed at the bottom of the hole - a little humus. After instillation, the earth should be lightly tamped and watered abundantly.

If the anemone is planted in a pot, it is placed in a cool place - the plant becomes too weak from overheating, and the tuber may begin to rot. After the final rooting, the increase in temperature is no longer scary for the plant.

The plant is transplanted into open ground when the external temperature is equal to room temperature. While the anemone has not survived the stress of transplanting, you need to ensure that the plant is not actively exposed to direct sunlight.

Seasonal anemone care

For normal development, most anemone species do not need so much: they are generally not too susceptible to damage.

How to water

In growing anemones, the main thing is that the plant does not dry out during the entire period, and this applies not only to the soil, but also to the air. From a lack of moisture, the formation of buds slows down, and the flowering process is sluggish.
On the other hand, the anemone does not tolerate waterlogging - from this, its rhizomes or tubers begin to rot. Since it can be difficult for an inexperienced gardener to achieve a balance in moisture, it is recommended to plant an anemone on elevated parts of the site and drain the planting site well.

In addition, in order to protect the anemone from drying out, it should, for example, use peat or fallen leaves. The layer of mulch should be thick enough - up to 5 cm.
As for seasonal features, in spring, plants can be watered no more than once a week; in summer, if it is not very hot, moderate watering is necessary (the exception is the crown anemone, which requires abundant watering during the flowering period). However, during the dry season, anemone should be watered regularly, sometimes even daily, before or after sunset.

Weeding and loosening the soil

The root system of the anemone is very fragile, so the neighborhood for the plant is disastrous. Weeding can also damage anemone roots, so you need to get rid of it manually.

Loose soil protects the plant from drying out and provides breathing for the root system, so if the area with the anemone is not mulched, the procedure must be carried out constantly.

How to feed

During the flowering period, the anemone needs additional organic (preferably liquid) or complex.
However, one should refrain from using fresh for this purpose; the anemone does not like this type of feeding. In autumn, you can fertilize the site, however, if the soil was properly fed before planting the anemone, this is quite enough for the plant for the first year.

Garter tall anemone

Some varieties of anemones are quite tall (they can reach a height of one and a half meters).
So that such plants do not fall onto the paths and do not suffer too much from sudden gusts of wind, they must be tied up using special pegs or natural supports (fencing, etc.) for this. In particular, crowned anemone, Caucasian, tender, Apennine anemone needs an additional garter.

Transplantation and division of the bush

Anemone varieties with a vertical rhizome can be propagated by the method. Two periods are suitable for this: immediately after winter, as soon as the plant begins to throw out young shoots, or, on the contrary, the end of summer - the completion of the dormant cycle (it is believed that the first method gives the best results).
The bush should be divided so that each part has a fragment of a rhizome and a ground element with at least two buds. Such parts take root quite easily if they are carefully planted horizontally in light and well-fed soil (planting depth is about 5 cm).

In three years, the plant will fully take shape. By dividing the bush, anemones that have reached middle age(at least five years).

The same rules apply for regular transplanting of root anemones. In the spring, when the first shoots appear on the surface, the anemone is dug up and transplanted to the right place.
It should be borne in mind that these types of anemone are rather difficult to transplant, after the procedure the plant may die. The most difficult to transplant hybrid anemone.

Short-rhizome anemones (for example, narcissus-flowered, long-haired) transplant and division are quite easily tolerated.

Combination and use in landscape design

Any anemone, regardless of species, is a real decoration. Using several varieties in various combinations will create a completely luxurious ensemble.
Sky blue, white, red and variegated flowers make it possible to realize any designer's fantasies.

Spring in flower shops tubers of the crown anemone, considered the queen among spring flowers, are sold. Its flowers are very similar to poppies. I heard a lot that it’s impossible to germinate these tubers, and I myself once had a sad experience with anemones.

Sprouting anemone tubers

It turns out that anemone tubers must be soaked before planting, and the tubers themselves cannot be lowered into water: they absorb a lot of water, just like a sponge, and then rot.

Pour warm water in a saucer, add a drop of epin or zircon. You can use biological stimulants, for example, aloe juice, as well as any other root formation stimulants, for example, Ribav-Extra. Soak a cloth in this solution, wring it out a little (water should not flow from the cloth). Wrap the anemone tubers in this dampened cloth and place in plastic bag. In this state, anemone tubers should be no more than 5-6 hours.

While the anemone tubers are soaking, take a shallow dish, add some soil, mix with sand (you can even use one sand). The soil mixture for sprouting anemones should be light, permeable. Lightly moisten the ground and lay the soaked anemone tubers directly on the surface. After that, cover the container with anemone tubers with glass or put in a plastic bag and place in a cool place. Anemone tubers need to be checked periodically, the earth should not dry out, keep it moist.

After about ten days, roots and growth points appear on the anemone tubers. Now you can already see which side you need to plant the anemone tubers. If a small sprout has hatched on a tuber, then this tuber can already be planted in a separate pot for germination. If there is no growing point, continue to slightly moisten the soil, and keep the tubers in a cool place. With this method of germination, all anemone tubers usually germinate, unless they have rotted, of course. In pots, germinated anemone tubers are planted with a sprout up to two tuber heights.

Landing anemone

After the anemone tubers are planted in pots for growing, it is desirable that the room temperature does not exceed +12 0 C, otherwise the anemone sprouts will be very frail due to the high temperature in the room. However, not only anemones, but also other garden flowers low temperature only for the benefit. If the temperature is higher, then the anemone tubers may rot. When the anemones take root and give full-fledged sprouts, then they are not afraid of an increase in temperature.

When the temperature outside is equal to the temperature of the room, anemones can be safely transplanted into the garden. It would be nice to shade them in the first days, so that the spring sun does not burn the tender leaves.

Anemone tubers can be planted outdoors immediately after soaking. When planting in open ground, observe the depth of planting anemone tubers - it should not exceed 5 cm or two anemone tuber heights.

Anemone Care

Anemones grow well sunny places, but also in partial shade in the vicinity of the hosta, geyhera, their flowering is no worse. The only thing the anemone does not put up with is acidic soil, fresh manure, low areas in which water accumulates. All of these risk factors will cause anemone root rot.

Anemones grow well in light, loose, nutrient soil with a neutral or alkaline reaction. To raise the pH of the soil, into the soil at autumn digging you can make lime, dolomite flour. If the soil on the site is heavy, loam - add sand, peat, compost or humus to the planting site.

Crown anemones easily tolerate a lack of moisture in the soil. It is possible and necessary to water anemones only during the period of growth and budding, if the weather is hot and dry, there is no rain at all. During precipitation, additional watering is not required for anemones.

Anemones are responsive to fertilizing with complex fertilizers, especially during the budding period. Anemones are practically not affected by diseases and pests.

With proper care, daughter nodules are formed on the tuber, they are separated during digging and used for further reproduction of the anemone. Anemones also reproduce by seeds, but they bloom only after 2-3 years. If you decide to propagate anemones from seeds, then collect seeds only from brightly colored flowers, because anemones grown from seeds have a paler color of flowers.

Preparing for winter, storing anemone tubers

Crown anemone is too southern a plant for our harsh winters, its tubers can freeze even under cover.

Once the anemone leaves and stems are dry, carefully dig out the tubers. They can be stored dry in paper bags or cotton bags in a substrate of sawdust, sand and peat until autumn at +20 0 C, from autumn to spring, anemone tubers should be stored at a positive temperature up to +5 +6 0 C. Paper or cloth should not the tubers will be allowed to suffocate, and a mixture of sawdust, sand and peat will prevent the tubers from drying out.

But if you could not find the place where the anemones were planted (after all, there are different situations), do not despair: knowing the approximate landing site of the anemone, try to cover it with a dry mixture of sawdust, peat, sand, and cover it all with a waterproof film or other improvised means on top. The main thing is that autumn precipitation and spring flood waters do not fall under the shelter (well, this is rather a fallback). In the spring at this place you can do small greenhouse, in order for the anemones to rise as soon as possible. If you are lucky, and the anemone tubers do not freeze in winter, then on next year you can see the re-flowering of the anemone in the fall.

But if you want, you can make an anemone forcing at home and get gorgeous blooms in the winter.

Image copyright flickr.com: ZenZer0Zer0, Beppenob (sometimes - a volte), ajadawn, macgibbs61, Brooklyn Botanic Garden, jam343, cilla64

Anemones are a wonderful decoration for any garden. tender, beautiful flowers- the dream of any grower. Some varieties of this plant require special care, while others are quite unpretentious. Planting flowers in open ground is possible even in autumn.

There are a huge number of species. Some of them bloom in spring, while others, on the contrary, in summer or autumn. Some love the shade, others love the sun. Exist frost-resistant and heat-loving species. Below are some of the most popular types.

crown anemone

the most beautiful anemone. The flowers of this plant are quite large, as well as a variety of shades. But this type of plant is extremely demanding on the environment. Crowned recommend digging for the winter. In this case, the usual cycle is completely lost.

If in nature it begins to bloom in early summer. After flowering, its leaves dry completely. And in the fall it blooms again. Then at spring planting it blooms in mid-summer, and the second bloom occurs along with frost and snow.

Variety De Kaen belongs to the crown type. Blooms in early summer. And in the fall it repeats. Flowers of this variety are distinguished by a huge variety of shades. The bush is lush, grows up to 45-55 centimeters in height.

Gentle - the plant is frost-resistant, unpretentious. Distinguished by its small size. Tender grows in height up to 5-10 centimeters. plant blooms in early spring. The flowers bloom along with the leaves. Flowers are blue, white and pink. Blooms tender 2-3 weeks.

One disadvantage of the plant is poor germination of tubers. Out of ten purchased tubers, only two or even one tuber may germinate.

White or oak - the most tenacious and unpretentious among other species. Blooms in early spring for 3-4 weeks. The height of the bush is 20-25 centimeters, and the flowers are 2-3 centimeters in diameter. Oakwood is most often found with white flowers.

The common anemone blooms in early spring. The flowers are like bells. It does not require special care. From the planted seeds, they will bloom only after two years. But then they will delight for many years and at the same time do not require any care.

Can anemones be grown outdoors?

Flower growers successfully grow anemones in open ground. These flowers easy to care for, but demanding on the soil. Flowers require loose, "breathing" soil so that moisture does not linger in it. In order to make the soil loose, it is enough to mix it with sand.

It is also important to know that they do not grow well in acidic soil.

When is the best time to plant flowers?

Planting time may be in spring or autumn. It all depends on the region and the climate in that region.

In the southern natural areas plants are best planted spring. In the northern regions they are planted autumn and the flowers are doing well. If you plant them in several stages, it can extend flowering from mid-summer to autumn. Planted anemones in winter in spring can please with flowering.

Planting a plant in open ground

In spring, anemones can be planted in the shade, or planted on open space for sunshine. But in this case, it must be remembered that in the summer the rays of the sun can harm the plant. You also need to choose a place for flowers, which will be well protected from the wind.

Tubers need to be planted to a depth of 3 to 5 centimeters. The distance between the tubers should be at least 9-10 centimeters.

After planting, it is necessary to fertilize the soil with humus or loose peat. For them to rejoice lush bloom, before the flowers bloom, it is important to feed the plants with complex ones.

Spring ones grow quickly and their it is necessary to seat. This must be done as soon as they bloom.

If they are planted in open ground in autumn, then in early spring they will bloom. It is important to plant anemones before frost. It should be remembered that if winters are famous severe frosts, then it is better to dig up the tubers of the plant.

It is important to remember that if you plant anemones in the fall without drainage, they will get sick due to excess moisture.

Care after landing

It's easy to take care of them. An important point in this task is create proper hydration. An excess of moisture will lead to root rot and subsequent death.

• If there is not enough moisture for the plant during the formation of buds, this situation can harm growth and flowering.
• To have enough moisture do not plant a flower in a lowland, and it is also important to give Special attention drainage.
• After planting, it is recommended to cover the ground with tree leaves or peat.

It is necessary to fertilize during flowering and in the fall. As a top dressing, organic and complex fertilizer. Do not like fresh manure , so it should not be used as a fertilizer.

It is also required to loosen the earth and remove weeds. In addition, you should collect snails and slugs that feed on anemones.

If the plant is sick, it is important to take appropriate measures in time. It is important to remove the sick and prevent nearby anemones from becoming infected. Flower bushes grow. Therefore, it is important transplant and divide bushes of plants that are already 4-5 years old.

Preparing for winter

The climate of the central region of Russia does not allow tubers to remain in the soil. Therefore, it is important to remove them and prepare them for storage before the onset of spring. tubers dig up and dry. The remaining leaves must be removed. Tubers are stored in sand or peat in a dark, cool room.

If we are talking about the southern regions, where winters are warm, anemones can not be dug up. It is only necessary to cover them with foliage, peat or compost.

Should be dug in autumn winter storage only at the moment when the leaves of the plant have dried.

reproduction

There are two ways to reproduce:

• Seminal
• Vegetative

seeds

seed way quite complicated. The difficulty lies in the fact that the seeds of the plant must be fresh. Only fresh seeds can sprout. But even the freshness of seeds cannot be guaranteed. successful breeding anemone.

Seeds must be sown in a box, and the box itself must bury in the ground. After the sprouts appear, the box is dug up, and the sprouts are seated in the ground.

You can also pre-soak the seeds so that they swell. Then plant in a pot with prepared soil. Then take the pot outside and bury it in the ground.

Vegetative

The vegetative method of reproduction is considered more effective than seed. To do this, dig a plant in the spring and separate the tubers. It is important that at least one kidney remains on the separated tubers. To make the roots germinate better, you can use any biostimulant.

Only proper care and care will help grow bright anemones. They will decorate the garden with their lovely flowers from spring to late autumn.