How to make a greenhouse for a summer residence with your own hands - step by step instructions, tips and photos. How to make a greenhouse yourself - ideas for a home greenhouse in the country and a balcony How to build a small greenhouse with your own hands
With your own hands, you need to make a lot of physical effort, the low cost can be attributed to an obvious plus. Well thought out design and materials for frame in terms of its effectiveness, it will absolutely not be inferior to purchased expensive options.
What are greenhouses?
- Warm(heated).
- semi-cold(insulated due to additional shelter of walls and soil, installation of infrared lamps).
- Cold.
- East. Heat-loving, southern plants and seedlings ideally feel on the eastern side of the land, especially if the long side of the structure faces this particular direction of the world. The slope of the greenhouse in this case should be with south side. However, this arrangement is relevant mostly in the spring. Vostok is ideal for spring-type greenhouses.
- South. For a summer greenhouse, the south side of the land is perfect, where the long side of the greenhouse will be located on the south, and the slope of the structure on the north side. In this case, the morning and evening sun rays will be the best warm up the building.
- West. The winter greenhouse installed on the west side has the ability to receive solar energy from morning to evening. Such an arrangement can significantly reduce the cost of greenhouse and lighting in the winter season.
- North. In this case, the plants planted in the greenhouse will receive maximum light output in the afternoon, and this is completely undesirable. Accelerated growth and development of culture should occur in the early morning hours, so this arrangement is undesirable.
Planning the design of a homemade greenhouse, you should decide on the types of crops that will be grown. For example, for a summer residence, do-it-yourself is suitable. A small greenhouse for seedlings can be made available to every good owner.
Despite the fact that all fruit and vegetable crops are suitable for greenhouse cultivation, the needs for the dimensions of the greenhouse and natural conditions for optimal development for each plant are different.
If seedlings of cabbage, peppers and other undersized plants are suitable low greenhouses, then for a tomato or curly cucumbers you need more high room.
Despite the fact that there are only four cardinal directions: south, north, east, west, one should consider the factor windiness And proximity to outbuildings or the house itself.
Installing greenhouse right next to the wall of a house or barn, you can significantly reduce the likelihood of a through wind. On the other hand, in an open area surrounded by solar energy from all sides, that is, in an open, unshaded place, you can get maximum heat transfer, which will positively affect the planted crops.
The ideal place, taking into account the cardinal points
ATTENTION! Beds and plantings intended for open ground are also more expedient to plant on south side vegetable garden.
Choose the perfect location, which would fully correspond to all parameters is very difficult. This will especially apply to small areas where, in addition to the greenhouse, there are most likely other buildings and plantings. In this case, you need to install a do-it-yourself unshaded place away from buildings and trees.
Do-it-yourself greenhouses and greenhouses - photo: 
As you see in the photo homemade greenhouses And greenhouses They look very nice and are easy to make! Why not place such a greenhouse in your country house?
Project
So let's do greenhouse with your own hands. By design, buildings can be collapsible having the ability to move around the site, as well as permanent(with recessed wall option).
Greenhouse in a hurry - portable, it is very convenient in that it can be transferred in late spring for seedlings to one place, and in summer for seedlings to another, but, unfortunately, this is a purely summer option. Constant the option is warmer and suitable for operation even in early spring.
The recessed version of the walls is nothing more than - foundation, which can be made from bricks, logs or concrete blocks.
Ideal height and width
There is an opinion that the larger greenhouse, the more effectively it can be used, but in large structures there must be a place for passage, and this noticeably steals territory. The length of the greenhouse can be absolutely any (2, 4, 6 meters), and the width and height of the greenhouse provides for a certain type of crop.
Assembly
How to make a greenhouse with your own hands? Step-by-step instruction:
- site preparation for installation greenhouse. Level the surface to the maximum without slopes and holes.
- border marking foundation(for permanent construction).
- digging trenches for the foundation, taking into account the equality of angles (90 degrees), installation and processing.
- assembly greenhouses. The walls can be made of a metal frame, plastic pipes, window frames, etc.
- sheathing frame any covering material (film, polycarbonate, glass, plastic bottles).
- when designing a future greenhouse, you should consider ways air ventilation: windows, vents, doors.
How to build a greenhouse with your own hands - drawings: 
In form, there are many options for greenhouses:
- arched. How to make a greenhouse? Most often it is made of arcuate aluminum or metal pipes, polycarbonate or film is used from covering material;
- gable. Such greenhouses can be made;
- polygonal. Such construction of greenhouses is more complex. The design is made of a metal or plastic frame. Thermal insulation material can be chosen at your discretion;
- wall-mounted;
- greenhouse "Pyramid" with your own hands. Wooden beams or plastic pipes are used for the frame; glass sheets serve as a covering material.
You can also make a simple greenhouse with your own hands, and.
How to build greenhouse? You can construct a greenhouse with your own hands from improvised materials at hand. These can be metal corners or reinforced rods, the main thing is that they would be suitable in quality. Prepared frame, subsequently glazed or covered polycarbonate, film, spandbond.
Now you know how to make greenhouse with your own hands. Remember, no matter what material and manufacturing method you choose, it has a huge number of advantages.
Useful video
Watch a video on how to make a collapsible greenhouse:
50+ photos of open-top greenhouses
Below you can view a gallery of greenhouses with an opening lid that you can make yourself. We collected photos from all over the Internet, below we indicated the sources from which we were able to determine authorship.
Mounting methods
How to fix an opening greenhouse cover
How to fix arcs or PVC pipes of a greenhouse under a film
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clamps
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Insert into the ground The method lies in the fact that we put PVC pipes on fittings driven into the ground. Instead of reinforcement, wooden rods can come off (enough for the season) Click on photo to enlarge
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How to fix the film on the greenhouse
The easiest version of a greenhouse made of PVC pipes
Very simple greenhouse design. Easy to assemble and just as easy to take apart. It can be moved, enlarged, reduced.
It is cheap and easy to make .
Step by step photos. Click on them
How to make a greenhouse from willow or cedar branches.
Such a greenhouse is suitable for those who did not expect sudden frosts.
This mini greenhouse can be done in 45 minutes, according to the author of the photo. 
For the manufacture of arcs, not PVC pipes were used, but cedar branches, but I think that willow branches will also come down in our conditions. The branches are tied together with a nylon thread (it doesn’t matter what) to give an arched shape. When the arcs of branches are stuck into the ground, a bar is attached on top of them to give one damage, which is also attached to each arc.
To move such a greenhouse to another place, the author advises to put two long bars along the bases of the arcs, then tie each arc to these bars. As a result, we get something like a stretcher. Taking such a stretcher from both ends, you can quite easily pull our greenhouse out of the ground and move it to another place.
Below you can see step-by-step photos, to enlarge, just click on them.
Telescopic greenhouse or greenhouse
And here is a very interesting version of a telescopic greenhouse or greenhouse. He shifted the arcs and nothing interferes, below you can see the attachment mechanism, click on it to enlarge.
DIY convertible greenhouse
See step-by-step photos of making such a greenhouse. First we make a pallet for the soil, then we make a frame on which we will attach the arcs, and which will recline. Then we fasten this frame to the pallet on the hinges and cover with a film.
Step by step photos of manufacturing.
Click on gallery to enlarge
Straw or hay greenhouse.
As you can see, the photo shows a greenhouse, the walls of which are made of briquettes (or bales) of straw (hay). A frame with an opening top is simply piled on the walls of straw. The film rolls onto the bar. Such greenhouses are usually directed to the south. This design helps well when the slope of the soil in your area is directed to the north, in such cases the sun slightly heats the earth. Such a greenhouse will help you out in this situation.
(Dew Collector Greenhouse System by Roots Up)
The greenhouse condenses up to 80 liters of water per day!!!
Soon, thanks to such greenhouses, Ethiopia will flood the world with food. The greenhouse was created for dry countries to solve the problem of drought.
During the day, steam accumulates in the upper part of the greenhouse. When night falls, special valves open to draw in cold air, thanks to which the water vapor is cooled and condensed, after which the liquid enters a special storage tank.
Excess water left after watering can be used for drinking.
Portable greenhouse (greenhouse) from a barrel
Easy to make (45 minutes)
This portable greenhouse is suitable for growing seedlings, or plants such as parsley, cilantro, etc.
- 2 photos - we cut out square holes with a jigsaw in 1 quarter of the circumference of the barrel.
- 3 photos - a hole with a drill so that you can insert a jigsaw.
- 4 photos - holes in the bottom to drain water from the drainage.
- 5-6 photos - attach the handles on the sides for transfer.
- 7-12 photos we fix the film.
- 14 photos - drainage.
The greenhouse can be painted green to blend in with the dacha landscape.
Portable film greenhouse
As you can see from the photo, the greenhouse has a lightweight version. It does not have a massive base, it is attached to the ground with reinforcement fixed to the base. It is carried as on a stretcher with the help of two long boards nailed to the base. It will be useful to the gardener when it becomes necessary to close some weak plants at the time of a cold snap.
How to make automatic opening of the windows in the greenhouse?
A very interesting and simple design of the automatic opening of the window, depending on weather conditions. The principle is as follows. Between the large (3 l) and small (0.5 l) cans there is a tube in the form of a communicating vessel. A large bank is suspended from the base of the greenhouse, and a small one - to the window. Moreover, the small one should be balanced with the window in such a way that with a minimum amount of water in it, the window should be closed. In a hermetically sealed large jar when the temperature in the greenhouse rises. water due to atmospheric pressure moves into a small jar, opening the window
A simple greenhouse option side opening .
As you can see, a very simple film greenhouse design. Such a greenhouse can be easily moved and put in a new place.
Dome greenhouse from pipe scraps
it's ugly but it works
The bloggers at booth555.com moved into a new home and had to do their own plumbing. As a result, they had a lot of pipe cuttings left, and they were used by an enterprising young family to create this greenhouse. The advantages of these pipes are that they are easy to bend and at the same time stable and easy to nail.
See step-by-step photos of creating a greenhouse.
As I understood from the translation of the article from English, the pipes are attached to wooden crossbars with adhesive tape. I didn’t really understand about the film, somehow the cuts of the film were fastened together, most likely the cord was threaded into the holes, and there is also a hint for 6 photos.
The film at the bottom is pressed against the ground with bricks, this makes it possible to lift the film up on hot days.
I could not translate the purpose of the star (in 4 photos), but I assumed that it was attached to the dome to give stability to the structure.
Write your options for assigning a star in the comments.
Lying greenhouse from a double-glazed window or a frame
The author of the blog doorgarden.com made on his site such a recumbent greenhouse made of a glass door (double-glazed window), into which a stone from under a lawn mower accidentally fell.
According to the author, such a greenhouse allows him to collect greens for salads in January, well, America, I can’t say exactly which state it is.
Look at the drawing of this greenhouse. Everything is very simple. As you can see from the photo, the double-glazed window is not attached to any hinges, it just lies, resting against the side board from slipping.
A double-glazed window can be replaced with any large glass or window frame.
In summer, in hot weather, when there is no need for such a greenhouse, you can throw it over strawberries to protect the berries from birds.
Photo source: doorgarden.com
Attention!!! An important point about greenhouses from window frames
Whatever frames are at your disposal, the transparent roof must be made folding (lifting up), and not hinged or folding, as on the right in Fig. Through any vertical gap, all the warm air will instantly escape and the plants will be hit by cold, and the horizontal one can be adjusted with props according to the weather and local conditions.
What should be the slope of the greenhouse cover?
Note: the optimal slope of the roof slope of a shed greenhouse from the vertical (90 degrees) is φ, where φ is the geographical latitude of the place; and (90 degrees)–φ is the angular height of the Sun at noon of the spring/autumn equinox. See below for a greenhouse with a heat storage.
Source of the last two paragraphs and photo: vopros-remont.ru
Cold greenhouse. (diagram-drawing)
DIY
Auto photo of this cold greenhouse Vince Babak, growing vegetables for the school cafeteria, wondered if it was possible to grow fresh vegetables in early winter. After studying the literature on this topic, he created this winter cold greenhouse.
The greenhouse consists of a wooden frame and a glass cover. The glass of the lid should always be tilted to catch as many rays of the weak winter sun as possible.
The author claims that even in winter in sunny weather, this greenhouse can heat up to very high temperatures, so the lid must be able to open up. In order to regulate the temperature, a thermometer must be placed in the greenhouse (see photo 5), and it must also be a mechanism for fixing the open lid at different angles was made (see photo 4).
Vegetables that can be grown in early winter in a cold greenhouse
BUT still, the main secret of such a greenhouse is not in its device, but in the plants grown in it . These should be cold-tolerant plants. According to the author's research, five crops: spinach, green onions, mache, claytonia, and carrots can be successfully grown in the northern states of the United States. As well as arugula, Escarole, Mizuna, parsley, sorrel, European lettuce, mustard, spinach and turnips.
My advice: make a cardboard sheet, glued on one side with foil. At night, you can cover the greenhouse with this foil, which will reflect the heat coming from the ground back into the greenhouse.
Greenhouse made of window frame and hay
Greenhouse (greenhouse) In a plastic bottle
or "How to grow seedlings if the apartment is cold"
It often happens in our domestic apartments that for growing seedlings the room is not warm enough. The way out of this situation can be such a greenhouse in a plastic bottle.
When sunlight enters such a greenhouse, the air in the greenhouse begins to heat up. and stays warm for a very long time, even after sunset .
An important advantage will be high humidity inside the bottle and, which will be created by heating the pre-wetted soil. Such humidity significantly accelerates the process of maturation of seedlings.
The manufacturing process is simple : cut the bottle, rinse, place the soil with the seeds inside and seal tightly with tape.
How to make a quick do-it-yourself greenhouse
Wooden lattice greenhouse
The advantages of such a greenhouse:
- - build quickly
- - stable
- - easy to manufacture
Minuses:
Not suitable for tall plants, can be used for growing early greens and seedlings.
Russian in-depth greenhouse on biofuels
About Russian pits
The simplest greenhouse is a lean-to, deepened into the ground, with biological heating. For its construction, a dry, well-lit and sheltered place is chosen. It is desirable that it be a low slope with a south direction. To protect the greenhouse from the wind, green spaces, fences or special reflective screens that are arranged on the north side can serve. Particularly handy are the swivel flat screens, painted in white, which make the most of the solar energy. Backlighting with reflected light increases the temperature in the beds by 2-3 °, which is equivalent to transferring your site, for example, from the Moscow region to the black earth regions of the country: Lipetsk or Voronezh.
Note: Any flat baking sheet lined with aluminum foil can be used.
Construction begins with a strapping device around the perimeter of a greenhouse of four sanded logs with a diameter of 10-14 cm. The north side of the strapping should be slightly higher than the south. On the south side, a groove (quarter) is selected in the harness to stop the frames.
At one time, the Russian greenhouse was a revelation for European farmers. It was from the “Russian pits” that the nobility of that time received a green onion, lettuce, dill, parsley, radish, strawberries to the table in winter.
The pit is dug to a depth of 70 cm. In diameter, it has the shape of a trapezoid. In dense soils, the walls can not be fixed, and in loose and floating soils, fastening with horizontal boards is used. To prevent the greenhouse from being washed away by rains, a drainage groove is arranged around it, which can be closed with wooden shields that facilitate approaches.
Frames for a greenhouse are most convenient with a size of 160x105 cm. They are made from bars 6x6 cm, connected for strength with wooden studs, and then properly stained with weather-resistant varnish PF-166 (“6 = s”). Glasses are reinforced with putty or glazing bead. To drain rainwater, grooves are sawn in the lower bindings.
Biofuel in greenhouses is horse or cow dung. Horse is considered the best, it gives more heat. Harvest it in the fall. Manure is collected in piles and carefully insulated on all sides with straw, sawdust, peat and covered so that the manure does not freeze. In the spring, before stuffing the greenhouse, it is transferred to another, looser stack and warmed up. To do this, make several holes in it and pour a bucket of hot water into each, after which the stack is covered with burlap or matting. After two to four days, when the manure warms up to a temperature of 50-60 °, a greenhouse is stuffed with it. A colder one is laid at the bottom, and a hot one is placed on top and from the sides. After sedimentation, after two or three days, a new portion is added. The manure should lie loosely, and only at the walls it is necessary to slightly compact it so that voids do not form.
Greenhouses - pits were usually made 3-4, which ensured year-round use: while 1 pit was warmed up after refueling, the rest produced products. An indispensable condition for the successful operation of the Russian greenhouse is the lining of the entire complex of pits with a clay castle with a drainage ditch, otherwise the biofuel will turn sour.
To enlarge a photo click on it
After stuffing, the greenhouse is covered with frames and mats made of matting, straw or burlap. From above, on the heated manure, soil is poured - garden or soddy soil, compost or fertilized peat. On average, one frame needs 0.2 cubic meters. m of land. It is not recommended to exceed this amount, since under the weight of the earth the manure is compacted, the air flow to it is difficult, and it stops burning. For the same reason, do not over-moisten the soil.
A greenhouse of even such a simple design will make it possible to grow vegetables much ahead of schedule.
Greenhouse layout
where is the best place to put a greenhouse on the site
A greenhouse is an indispensable element in any summer cottage. Thanks to this relatively small but very necessary structure, you can provide favorable conditions for the rapid growth of seedlings, protect tomatoes and cucumbers, as well as other garden crops from frost, get an early harvest - the greenhouse will always take care of your plantings. It can be of any form, among which you can easily choose the one that suits you and your site best. At the same time, it is not at all necessary to buy this house for plants - you can make a greenhouse with your own hands quickly and easily if you know how.
Before you go to the barn to assess the availability of materials and tools or to the store to purchase them, you need to inspect the garden plot and choose a place where the greenhouse will be built. Of course, the design can be portable, but most often it is made stationary. In addition, the size of the structure will depend on the choice of location and the availability of free space, and this factor greatly affects the amount of materials needed for construction.
A place for a greenhouse should be chosen according to the following principles.
- It must be a flat piece of land. Installation of the structure on steep slopes is unacceptable. If there are snags, stumps on the territory allocated for the greenhouse, then they must be uprooted, and all the pits should be covered with soil.
- Growing and fruiting plants need good lighting. That is why a greenhouse is not installed where a shadow from trees, shrubs, greenhouses, houses and other buildings falls on the ground. The lack of light will negatively affect both seedlings and adult crops.
- The gardener should be comfortable doing all the work in the greenhouse. Therefore, you need to try to calculate the location in such a way that there is a sufficient passage around the structure, and the greenhouse can be easily opened.
On a note! If the greenhouse is planned to be used for the permanent cultivation of plants, for example, then care should be taken to build a second greenhouse, if space permits. The fact is that it is undesirable to grow the same crops, especially tomatoes and cucumbers, in the same place from year to year. Plantings are usually interchanged. In this case, the second greenhouse would be very useful.
The best time to build a greenhouse is mid-spring. The snow has already melted, and the plants are not growing much yet. Although if there is nowhere to hurry, then you can build a greenhouse at any time of the year, except for winter. In winter, it is very difficult to carry out any construction, not only because of the cold, but also because of the hard ground.
Greenhouse dimensions
In general, the size of any greenhouse depends entirely on the desire and capabilities of the gardener, as well as on the types of crops that will be grown in it. If a greenhouse is needed only for accustoming seedlings to the street, but not for its permanent place of residence, then it can be completely small or hastily assembled without any special material costs. But if this design is meant to be capital, then it is best to make some calculations so that later you do not get upset and do not shrug in case of a shortage or excess of space.
Calculations should begin with the development of a structure diagram (we will consider the types of greenhouses below). Thanks to her, it will be easier to calculate the necessary parameters and the amount of materials.
On a note! Usually they make greenhouses about 1 m wide and no more than 2-3 long. In this case, the height is approximately 50-60 cm. Such dimensions will be as comfortable as possible both for working inside the structure, and for growing seedlings, as well as undersized crops.
Also, the number of plants that will live in a greenhouse can be taken as the basis for calculations. For example, no more than 3 bushes of cucumbers or tomatoes can easily coexist per 1 m 2. Based on this, you can calculate the dimensions of the structure you need.
It is also important to consider the dimensions of the material that will be used to build the structure. Sometimes it's easier to make a couple of small greenhouses than one long one, which can only be obtained by joining the material.
Greenhouse types
Greenhouses for cottages come in a wide variety of forms. To decide what type your greenhouse will be, you should get acquainted with the main ones.
Table. Greenhouse types.
| Type of greenhouse | Description |
|---|---|
| A greenhouse that opens on the principle of an ordinary bread box. It happens factory or homemade. It is convenient because the lid does not strive to fall down and does not need props, unlike, for example, a "butterfly". |
| One of the simplest options for greenhouses. Several plastic or wire arcs are stuck into the ground along the beds and covered with spunbond or polyethylene. It is quickly disassembled and assembled, moreover, this process can be carried out by almost any gardener. |
| The lower part of this structure - the base - is recessed into the ground, only the cover of the greenhouse is on the surface. This way of arranging a house for plants allows you to keep warm longer inside the structure. |
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| The greenhouse is arched or a house, has two wings that open outward. It can be produced at the factory and made by hand. Provides uniform access to plantings from both sides. |
| One of the simplest types of greenhouse is two battens connected in a “ridge” and covered with polyethylene or other material. It is mounted quickly and simply, but is unstable and is used more often as a temporary portable structure. |
Each of the above types has certain variations, supplemented by one or another element. For example, an ordinary greenhouse-bread box can be installed not on the ground, but on the base, thereby making it higher. There are also a lot of greenhouses - for this, ordinary sports hoops, window frames, headboards from beds and much more are used. Sometimes it’s enough to dig in the shed in the country, where unnecessary things are stored, and find a few items that can easily get a new life in the form of a greenhouse frame. All it takes is a little skill and imagination.
Greenhouse materials
It's time to discuss the main types of materials from which it is easy to create a greenhouse with your own hands. The frame itself can be of three types.
- Metal. This material is the most long-lived and durable compared to others. He is not afraid of wind or snow. Metal arches can withstand a greater mass than plastic or wooden ones. Metal has two main drawbacks - complexity in processing (certain devices are needed to work with it) and a tendency to corrosion (this drawback is corrected if the frame is painted). Also, in the event of a greenhouse falling, the metal base will simply crush the plants.
After the construction of the frame, it must be covered with a covering material that will retain heat and protect the plants from wind and cold. Consider the possible options.
- Glass. Heavy, but high-quality and durable material with increased fragility. It is easily damaged by impacts, breaks when dropped, but does not bend, and therefore can only be used for greenhouses with even walls. Does not retain ultraviolet and retains heat worse, difficult to process.
- Polycarbonate. Recognized as one of the best covering materials. It has a certain strength, it is not afraid of moderate wind / snow loads, it bends perfectly, and therefore can be used for the construction of curved structures. The material has a protective layer that prevents ultraviolet rays from penetrating inside the structure, and due to the honeycomb structure, it retains heat perfectly. The service life is shorter than that of glass, but in some ways the material is even stronger, because it is not so fragile and will not break if dropped from a small height. Polycarbonate is also very easy to process.
Cucumbers are demanding on growing conditions and give a good harvest only at stable air and soil temperatures. Providing cucumbers with the right microclimate is quite simple: you need to install a major or seasonal greenhouse in the garden. We will talk about how to make a greenhouse for cucumbers with our own hands in.
Also, to connect individual elements, you may need corners, self-tapping screws, washers, corner profiles, clamps. For the convenience of opening greenhouses with doors, handles and canopies are used.
Prices for cellular polycarbonate
cellular polycarbonate
Greenhouse "house"
A gable portable greenhouse is one of the simplest options that you can build yourself. It is a "roof" with two slopes, placed on the ground and covered with a film. You can make it easily and quickly from a wooden beam of about 5 * 5 cm, metal corners and self-tapping screws or nails.
Step 1. We create two frames by connecting the bars with each other, equal in length to the length of the greenhouse, and shorter.
Step 3 We connect the two frames to each other in the upper part with the help of a ridge rail. The approximate angle of connection is 90 degrees.
Step 4 At the bottom of the frame we connect the elements with longitudinal rails. We've got a frame.
Step 5 Now the frame must be covered with a film so that it can rise to ventilate the plantings. To do this, we cut off the piece of covering material we need, slightly longer in length than the sum of the two side parts of the greenhouse.
Step 6 We cut out two pieces of polyethylene triangular in size the same as the sides of the frame. We pin them with small carnations on the sides.
Step 7 We pin a large piece of polyethylene along the ridge rail.
Every owner of a summer cottage sooner or later asks the question of how to increase the yield of the garden and optimize financial and physical costs. As a rule, it is after this that they begin to consider affordable greenhouses with their own hands: the best projects and features of their implementation. This article will discuss successful greenhouse designs, materials for construction and coating, as well as a detailed description of the process of building a building.
Before you start building a greenhouse, you need to decide on several fundamental aspects that will determine the size, type and location of the structure. First of all, you should think about what you plan to grow in it. For example, a greenhouse for tomatoes should match the height of adult plants, while growing seedlings exclusively does not require a large structure.
Another important point is the material from which the construction will be carried out. The most popular option, which is used in most cases, is wood. But today, wood has given way to lighter and more affordable modern materials, such as plastic pipes and covering material. But this does not mean that wooden frames were abandoned altogether. Wooden and metal greenhouses can still be found quite often.
In addition, the symmetrical arrangement of all buildings, fences and paths will help to give the site a neat appearance. But the most important thing is that at the same time, the greenhouse should be located correctly and do not close the windows of the house, do not block the passage, etc.
DIY wooden greenhouses and greenhouses: photos, instructions and material features
Wood is one of the most affordable and popular materials that is used for various construction. Of course, one cannot deny the fact that it is wood that is more than all other materials subject to the influence of external factors, however, this does not stop many owners of summer cottages who want to build a greenhouse with their own hands.
Soft wood species are acceptable for the construction of temporary structures. In this case, pine, alder, spruce, aspen or linden are suitable. For more reliable and permanent structures, it is better to use other deciduous trees or swamp cypress, larch.
In the process of building a greenhouse, the frame of which is made of wood, it is very important to prepare a reliable foundation that will become a solid foundation for the structure.
Do-it-yourself foundation options for a greenhouse and a greenhouse for a summer residence
Depending on the design features, one or another version of the foundation can be made, which will be suitable for this type of structure:
- foundation of railway sleepers or timber. To do this, you need to prepare a trench in which the sleepers or timber are laid. All these elements are connected with metal brackets. Then, a finished greenhouse frame is installed on top;
- for places where there is often windy weather, it is preferable to mount a columnar foundation. Due to the presence of a concrete base, this design can withstand severe wind loads, and even hurricanes. For this purpose, pipes with a diameter of more than 20 cm are required. They are dug in to a depth of 90 to 120 cm so that they do not freeze during the cold season;
- a block foundation is another solution to the issue of installing a base for a greenhouse or greenhouse. In this case, sand and gravel are first poured into a previously prepared trench, and then concrete blocks are placed. All this is poured with cement mortar and then a frame of bars is fixed on top;
- strip foundation is practically not used for greenhouses, as it is designed for more serious loads. A concrete pad 30-50 cm thick is located in a not too deep trench. The main advantage of this option is an extremely long service life, which allows you to change structures by installing them on the same base.
Do-it-yourself greenhouse frame assembly
Having figured out what is the difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse, and having established the type of foundation suitable for you, you can proceed directly to the construction of the frame itself. As mentioned earlier, there are several options that you can implement yourself, such as arched or gable construction. It all depends on your preferences, as well as the features of the area on which the installation will be carried out.
Most often in summer cottages you can find rectangular greenhouses or greenhouses with a gable roof. Making wooden greenhouses with your own hands is quite simple, and their use will be quite comfortable if you think through all the nuances.
Features of each stage of construction. How to choose and fix covering material. Advantages of PVC pipe constructions.
Installation always begins with the support beam, which is attached to the foundation and is usually somewhat thicker than the rest of the wood used for the frame itself. In this case, all elements are necessarily processed with a protective antiseptic.
All fasteners must be reliable, so reinforcement, anchor or metal bolts can be used for this purpose. Another important aspect is the integrity of the timber, which is used as a base. It must be solid, without cracks and traces of decay, since the stability of the structure depends on this.
The construction of a greenhouse made of wood with your own hands is carried out according to the drawing you have chosen. But, in general, the scheme of work is as follows: it is necessary to assemble two side and two end walls, which are then fastened together with self-tapping screws, corners, metal profiles or clamps.
When the "box" is ready, you can proceed to the installation of rafters. Their number depends on your preferences, however, it should be understood that the more there are, the easier it will be to fix the covering material and the stronger the overall structure will be.
When all the rafters are fixed, you can proceed to the installation of the roof ridge, which is attached to the upper groove of the rafters. At the same stage, it is worth fixing the wind boards, for which the side grooves of the rafters are provided. You can see more details on exactly how to do this in the drawing or diagram. All these elements must be made of solid material.
The final stage of construction can be called the installation of a doorway, as well as a vent, which is provided for ventilation. After that, it remains only to cover the frame with a covering material, and you can begin operation.
Useful advice! One of the most effective ways to protect against rodents is to lay a chain-link mesh with small cells under the greenhouse. This must be done before installing the frame.
The most comfortable do-it-yourself greenhouses. Photos of models made of polycarbonate and plastic pipes
One of the modern and inexpensive options for building a greenhouse is the use of plastic pipes. Depending on the manufacturing technology, they are divided into polypropylene, metal-plastic and PVC.
The last option is slightly cheaper than all the others. But metal-plastic, although the most expensive, are able to provide a much higher level of strength. Therefore, in this case, you should be guided by your preferences and financial capabilities. As an example, you can see photos of greenhouses in the country with your own hands.
The main advantages of a plastic greenhouse frame over a wooden one are ease of installation and the ability to give the structure any shape. As in the case of wood, you need to start construction with site selection and site preparation. Having decided on the purpose and size of the greenhouse, you can proceed to the drawing of the scheme and the purchase of the appropriate amount of necessary materials.
Often, plastic pipe structures are made temporary, since they can be easily dismantled and reassembled several times. The type of foundation to be laid depends on whether the greenhouse is stationary or collapsible. In the first case, it is better to use tape or columnar. For a temporary structure, you can not make a foundation at all, but simply dig in metal pins and strengthen the site with boards.
With the help of pins, the base is made as follows:
- Strong metal pins are dug into the ground. They should protrude about 30 cm above the ground.
- One end of the pipe is put on the pin.
- The pipe is bent in such a way that the second edge can also be put on the pin, which is dug parallel to the first.
How to economically build a greenhouse with your own hands from plastic pipes
Everyone can make a simple greenhouse with their own hands without much financial investment and effort. To do this, you only need to purchase all the necessary materials, according to the selected drawing and follow a fairly simple algorithm:
- After the base arcs are installed, it is necessary to fasten them together. To do this, you need to use a pipe, the length of which will correspond to the length of the entire greenhouse.
- A long pipe (or two short ones fastened together) is located in the center of the arcs standing on the base, and is fixed as tightly as possible with clamps or ropes. On this, the assembly of the frame can be considered certified.
- As a coating, it is best to use polycarbonate or polyethylene film. In the first case, the thickness of the polycarbonate must be at least 4 mm, and the size of the sheet can be any, since this material can be easily cut and adjusted to the size of the greenhouse. In the second case, the film is cut into strips and attached to the arcs using double-sided tape, stationery binders or special pipe mounts.
- Fastening of polycarbonate or film must be overlapped. To connect the sheets, you can use self-tapping screws with wide caps or thermal washers. The main thing is to pay due attention to the sealing of the joints. To do this, you can use a special tape.
Small ones for greenery can be built with your own hands from improvised materials
Greenhouse made of covering material: which is better, polycarbonate or film
The technical and operational characteristics of polycarbonate have allowed it to take a leading position among the materials used to create greenhouses and hotbeds. It is quite simple to cut and fasten, and at the same time it is resistant to external factors. In addition, it has excellent light transmission, providing plants with the necessary amount of sunlight.
It is worth considering that this durable and reliable material is much more expensive than the usual and affordable polyethylene film, which is still widely used to cover greenhouses.
Everyone can figure out how to cover a greenhouse with a film. The main thing is to fix it on the frame as securely as possible and fix it below, sprinkling the edges with earth and laying heavy boards or bricks. When deciding which film to choose for a greenhouse, you should first of all be guided by its strength. But in any case, most likely, it will not last more than one season. The price of a film for a greenhouse is affordable, so you can replace it without much effort and investment.
As for the features of fastening polycarbonate, it is worth noting the presence of several different methods. So, in addition to conventional screws, you can use aluminum staples or special plastic earrings.
Another option involves the use of profiles for this purpose. In this case, you need to drill holes in advance that will allow you to attach the coating to the metal frame.
Useful advice! The use of thermal washers in the process of fixing polycarbonate is a mandatory measure, since this is what allows the material to maintain integrity and prevents condensation.
Greenhouse "Do it yourself" from window frames: how to equip a place for growing seedlings
In garden plots, you can often find small greenhouses assembled from old window frames. Of course, such a design is hardly suitable for growing tall and large crops, but it is more than useful as a self-made greenhouse for seedlings.
The main advantage of this option is financial savings. All you need is old window frames. If they have glasses, then you can leave them and use them instead of the standard coating. If the frames are empty, then after installation they can be covered with plastic wrap or cut polycarbonate sheets can be inserted.
Even for such a small and light greenhouse, it is necessary to prepare the foundation in advance. For this purpose, a wooden frame made of boards or timber is mounted. Best suited for this purpose is a beam of 50x50 mm or a board with a thickness of 40 mm.
The frame will consist of racks, as well as upper and lower straps, which are made from the same boards. Racks, at the same time, must be installed at such a distance from each other that the window frame can enter between them.
Timber is best suited for the roof, as it is more durable and minimizes the risk of the greenhouse collapsing under the weight of snow in winter. Also, gable structures are more durable, which is also worth considering.
As for attaching the frames themselves to the supports, this can be done using nails and screws. It must be fixed on all four sides, both from the outside and from the inside. All remaining gaps must be sealed with foam.
Like the walls of the greenhouse, it is best to cover the roof with polycarbonate or wrap it with a film. This will provide the plants with the maximum amount of light.
Useful advice! It is best to start the installation of the coating from the roof, gradually moving down. Otherwise, you run the risk of damaging already covered areas by hitting them in the process.
Do-it-yourself greenhouse under a film made of galvanized steel profile
Profile is another material that has recently been actively used for the construction of greenhouses and greenhouses. The main advantage of this method is the ability to give the structure absolutely any shape and size, not limited to any standard sizes.
Useful advice! In order to build a beautiful and reliable greenhouse with your own hands from a profile, videos, calculations and step-by-step photo instructions offered on the Internet can serve you well. Do not neglect the advice of experts, as well as the recommendations of users who have already had to work with such buildings before.
To work, you will need the following tools: a measuring tape, a building level and a plumb line, scissors designed to work with metal and a screwdriver.
Installation of the frame begins with fixing the guide profile, which is attached to the foundation with self-tapping screws. One upper beam should connect all sections to each other, which should be at such a distance that the structure is sufficiently rigid. As a rule, the step is the third and fourth part of the length of the polycarbonate sheet.
By the same principle, you can make a galvanized greenhouse under the film. You just need to think in advance how to fix the film on the greenhouse. Otherwise, the technology does not differ from that used for wooden structures and greenhouses made of plastic pipes.
Very often, a galvanized profile is used for a greenhouse for tomatoes. It is quite simple to build it with your own hands, and at the same time, the design has the proper strength. Moreover, every summer resident, interested in the question of how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse, will definitely come across the fact that the temperature in the greenhouse for tomatoes should not fall too low. Therefore, it may be worth thinking about the heating system at the design and construction stage.
How to care for the structure and how to prepare a greenhouse for planting
Regardless of whether you prefer a greenhouse under a film or a more fundamental structure using polycarbonate, a number of procedures must be carried out before planting plants. First of all, this concerns the preparation of soil and beds in a greenhouse with your own hands. Photos and diagrams of how to properly arrange everything inside clearly demonstrate that having calculated everything in advance, you can ensure the convenience and ease of working with plants.
When wondering how to treat a greenhouse in the spring before planting, it is worthwhile to study in detail all possible methods in order to protect the plants and the building. First of all, it should be a high-quality antiseptic that will destroy all dangerous microorganisms living in the soil.
Considering the question of which is better, a greenhouse or a greenhouse, it is also worth considering that the first option is often installed on open ground, and from year to year the structure can be moved to a new location. And the greenhouse is a stationary structure, and it will not be possible to move it without effort.
Another important point is how to make beds in a greenhouse. Here you need to build on what kind of crop you plan to grow. For example, if you start building a greenhouse for peppers with your own hands, then the width of the beds should be at least 80 cm. At the same time, the paths should be thought out in such a way as to provide free access to each plant.
The most convenient do-it-yourself greenhouse: video instructions for making
After reviewing the video, a do-it-yourself greenhouse will no longer seem like an impossible task to you. Following simple recommendations, you can easily make a greenhouse made of covering material with your own hands, which will meet all your needs, and is perfect for the effective cultivation of vegetable crops.
Vegetables from the garden help to enrich the diet with vitamins. And in order to get healthy products a couple of weeks earlier, or to organize their year-round consumption, you can organize a greenhouse in your backyard. The best greenhouse ideas will be discussed in this article.
On the network on the relevant sites you can find many photos of greenhouses with your own hands. But before you start choosing the option that suits you, you need to consider some features of the future design.
You must first select:
- a place;
- heating method;
- size;
- what material will the structure be made of;
- greenhouse shape.
A greenhouse is a small greenhouse, which is intended, first of all, for early planting of seedlings in spring. A well-executed greenhouse will delight the owner for many years.
Place for a greenhouse
Novice gardeners believe that any place on the site can be taken as a greenhouse. This is not true. In order for it to effectively perform its functions, the choice of location must be approached responsibly:
- the place for the greenhouse should be flat and dry. The presence of stagnant water or the threat of flooding is unacceptable. No need to choose steep slopes for a greenhouse;
- the place should be well lit by the sun, not obscured by nearby trees and bushes. If possible, orient it to the south, then it will be evenly lit and protected from the midday heat;
- it is better if the greenhouse is not located in the wind;
- pay attention to the location of groundwater. If necessary, make drainage;
- position the greenhouse so that a convenient approach is provided to it, it can be freely opened.
These simple conditions will help make a greenhouse with your own hands at home the most useful.
Warm-up method
The temperature inside the greenhouse must be constant. Temperature fluctuations will cause plants to slow down growth. Particularly sensitive may even die. There are different types of heating:
solar energy. During the day, the greenhouse warms up under the sun, and at night the heated soil gives off heat. This method is the simplest and most common, but also the least effective. The accumulated energy is not enough for the whole night and the temperature in the greenhouse drops significantly.
With the help of electricity. The heating cable is laid in the soil. This is a very laborious method and is only suitable for stationary large greenhouses. Its advantage is a constant temperature, and its disadvantage is a high price.
Biofuel. Manure, humus, organic residues are used as biofuels, which in the process of decomposition are capable of generating heat. With this method, there is a danger of overheating because the heat generated cannot be controlled.
Greenhouse size
The dimensions of the structure depend on the wishes of the gardener and the possibilities of the site. The function that the greenhouse will perform also affects. If it will be used only for hardening seedlings, then it makes sense to make it as inexpensive and not large as possible.
If the greenhouse is stationary and used for permanent cultivation of crops, then of course it must be designed for all planned crops.
You can calculate the convenient sizes of greenhouses with your own hands based on its purpose. Most often, gardeners choose greenhouses no more than a meter wide, no more than three meters long, and about half a meter high. These sizes are most convenient for garden work and are suitable for low crops, such as cucumbers, seedlings of pepper or tomatoes.
frame material
The basis of any design is the frame on which the covering material is stretched. Each gardener decides what he can make a greenhouse with his own hands based on his needs. It depends on the type of materials chosen whether the greenhouse will be portable, collapsible or stationary.
The material for the frame can serve as:
- Metal. The most durable and strong. The wind does not harm him, he is able to withstand heavy loads. The disadvantage is the heavy weight of the structure and the need to use special tools during installation.
- Wood. It is easy to make a greenhouse out of it, minimal skills are enough. Its disadvantage is the need for impregnation with special coatings to increase the life of the tree.
- Plastic. It breaks easily, bends in a strong wind, falls. But unlike wood, it easily takes the form of an arc, does not rot. If the structure falls, the plant will not be damaged, since the plastic is very light.
Shelter material
The material is selected based on the durability of the structure. For simple, one-season or portable, the cheapest material will do. For stationary, perennial ones, it makes sense to invest in more expensive and durable ones.
Most often used:
- PVC film. It lasts for a couple of seasons of use;
- nonwoven fabric. The material breathes, letting in moisture, but not releasing heat. It happens in different densities, with careful use it is more durable than the film;
- polycarbonate, plexiglass or glass. This option is more expensive and is suitable for stationary structures.
Construction form
The shape of the greenhouse is also different. Instructions and drawings on how to make a greenhouse can be found for each site individually. The most common forms of such structures are:
Arched construction (arcs). Such a greenhouse is not complicated. Semicircular arcs are placed in a row, covering material is stretched over it. Arcs are usually plastic, rarely metal. They are attached to the ground either with pegs, or put on special fittings. For the stability of the structure, a connecting pipe is laid horizontally on top.
Wooden lattice. The same type of device as with the help of arcs, but more stable and durable. Wooden slats are assembled in the form of a lattice, connected with bolts. Sheathed with plexiglass or polycarbonate, opening sections are made on hinges. May be collapsible.
Permanent greenhouse made of timber. This is, in fact, a small greenhouse. A reliable foundation is made of stone or concrete, a wooden box made of timber is knocked down on it, a frame is made, which is then sewn up with durable material - glass or polycarbonate.
Old window frames. When installing plastic windows in a house, old wooden frames are not thrown away, but adapted for a greenhouse. A reliable foundation is made for them, because the construction of wood and glass has a considerable weight.
The simple principle of the greenhouse allows you to apply imagination and creativity in its design. Each gardener will definitely find his own way to install a greenhouse, suitable only for his site, especially since the variety of shapes, sizes and materials allows you to choose an option for any budget.
DIY photo of greenhouses
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