Treatment of garden trees and shrubs in spring. Protecting trees from spring burns and pest control

Count on high yield can only be done if the garden is properly maintained. Therefore, the owners who are aware of this, annually carry out the processing of the garden. The success of this event depends on the quality of its implementation in spring period. After all, it is at this moment that it is decided whether the plantings will be well protected from pests and diseases.

When spring warmth begins to be felt in the air, many people have a desire to be closer to nature. At these moments, the soul wants to enjoy the variety of colors that various plantings in summer cottages give us. And in order to bring this moment closer, gardeners are trying to more carefully prepare the garden before fruiting.

To determine the scope of upcoming work, first of all need to see the garden. According to its results, it will be clear what will have to be done. After a long and cold winter there are bound to be many broken branches that need to be removed. However, the spring processing of the garden is not limited to this alone, because it includes a lot of other important events, which are designed to protect plantings from pests and diseases.

Why and when is the best time to treat the garden?

To reduce the harm that diseases and pests can bring, many gardeners use chemical and organic methods to deal with them. However, the end result largely determines the experience of the gardener. This in turn determines what the crop will be like at the end of the season. The effectiveness of all planned activities can only be improved if they are carried out at the right time. Therefore, as soon as the last cold weather passes and fruit ovaries begin to form on the trees, you need to immediately get to work.

Stages of processing a garden in spring

If you trust the experience of experienced summer residents, then it is better to process the garden before 10 a.m. or after sunset- after about 6 hours. Such a choice is not accidental, since it is during these hours that the activity of the sun is minimal, and therefore the risk of leaf burns is extremely low. As part of the spring processing of the garden, the following main stages can be distinguished:

in early spring;
before bud break;
before and after flowering;
during the formation of ovaries.

Spraying the garden in early spring

One of the traditional activities for the processing of the garden is the whitewashing of tree trunks. However, it is better to carry it out before the cold. Therefore, it is recommended to plan it in the fall. As a result of this operation, you can protect trees from damage by rodents, so the remaining whole bark will not crack as a result of exposure to frosty wind. In the spring, it will only be necessary to examine it in order to understand whether it has endured the wintering well, and to correct it if the need arises.

The first treatment of the garden must be carried out in the first of March, while the buds have not yet begun to bloom. After waiting for the snow to melt, you can prepare the plantings for processing. To do this, tidy up the territory suburban area, remove heaters from protected boles, as well as branches that have not survived the winter. After that, spring processing is carried out, designed to protect trees and shrubs from insects.

On the initial stage it is necessary to inspect the tree trunks and remove the detected fungi from the surface. After that, on the bark inflict mortar . The process of its preparation will be as follows:

you need to take 2 kg of lime and mix it with 10 liters of water;
then 1 kg of clay and 330-350 g of copper sulfate must be introduced into this mixture;
all components must be thoroughly mixed until smooth;
now the solution is ready, it can be worn on the trunks and bases of the branches.

As a result of such treatment, insect eggs and larvae will be removed, which can often be found on the bark and cracks of the bole.

However, today gardeners have access to more modern and effective drugs. Although they cost a little more, they can be used to process trees much faster and with less labor, preventing insects from planting. great harm. Many of them contain fungicides that increase planting resistance to many diseases. Similar properties are the following means:

acrylic whitewash;
acrylic paints;
lime pastes containing copper sulphate.

Not only copper sulfate, but also diesel fuel can help protect trees and shrubs from pests. After processing the landings, a protective oily film will appear on them, which can protect against annoying insects trees and shrubs. If insects try to lay larvae and eggs on trunks and branches, they will die under a ball of diesel fuel. At the same time, all open flower stalks and blossoming leaves will remain intact and unharmed.

Spring processing of the garden before bud break

Then comes the next step - treatment fruit trees before the awakening of the kidneys. The main goal of these measures is to prevent insects that hatch from larvae, as well as pathogens of various diseases, from infecting trees and shrubs. Diseases such as scab, black cancer, coccomycosis, etc. can cause the greatest harm to the garden.

However, regardless of whether you are going to use blue vitriol or other modern drug before using it, it is recommended to read the instructions for use. The fact is that in stores there are drugs that were originally designed to process only certain types of fruit trees. In order for such a treatment to meet your expectations, you can carry it out with a solution of insecticides and contact fungicides. The effectiveness of this event will increase many times over, as this will help not only rid the plantings of pests and diseases, but also prevent their occurrence in the future.

If you want to minimize the harm that your plantings will receive as a result of chemical treatment, you can use a safer mixture prepared based on herbs, tobacco and orange peel. The process of its preparation is as follows:

a 3-liter jar is taken and filled with crushed tobacco in an amount of 200 g;
then you need to put a handful of garlic husks and the same amount of onions, needles and orange peels;
after that, water heated to 70 degrees is poured into this mixture;
the jar needs to be hermetically sealed and found for it warm place where it should stand for a week;
when the time comes, the finished tincture needs to be diluted warm water in the amount of 10 l;
then the composition must be thoroughly mixed and added to it in small parts 100 g of crushed tar soap;
now the tool is ready, and it can be used to treat the garden. If necessary, it can be repeated after 10-12 days. However, this can only be done before flowering.

Garden treatment in spring before and during the flowering process

It is possible to carry out the processing of shrub trees until the buds begin to bloom. This will help not only to prevent caterpillars from harming them codling moth, but also reduce risk of scab and spotting. To prepare the solution, you can use "Carbofox". To do this, take 70 g of the drug and dilute in 10 liters of water room temperature. However, if the trees and shrubs have already begun to bloom, then it is impossible to engage in such processing.

Re-treatment of fruit trees can be carried out at the end of the flowering period. It is necessary to reduce the likelihood of infection of trees and shrubs in the next season, as well as to increase the resistance of plantings to diseases.

Usually inflorescences bloom at the moment when ticks appear that have successfully endured the winter. Dealing with them can help. colloidal sulfur: to prepare a solution, you need to take 80 grams of 70% of the drug and dilute in 10 liters soapy water. It is very important that this treatment is carried out in a timely manner, otherwise all your crops will suffer as a result of the invasion of mites.

Spring treatment of the garden from pests and diseases during the appearance of ovaries

When conducting final stage In spring processing, the main task that must be solved is to ensure the protection of the fruits of the new crop from putrefactive diseases and pests that have managed to survive. However, it is recommended to first inspect the plantings to determine whether there are trees and shrubs visible enemies. After all, if you use chemicals, which have a strong effect, then in addition to the destruction of insects, significant harm can also be caused to the ovaries.

As a preparation for spraying fruit trees, the choice can be stopped at copper oxychloride, Bordeaux liquid, carbamide. It is also allowed to use combined preparations that have a universal scope. However, processing should be carried out at optimal humidity. Otherwise, there is a possibility that after spraying the leaves will receive serious burns.

Spring processing of the garden does not imply strict rules for its implementation. However, there important nuances, considering which it is possible to carry out this work most effectively.

Spray order. If you want to completely destroy pests and diseases, then you should treat every part of the trees and bushes with a working solution, for example, copper sulfate. Usually this work begins with the crown, then they move on to the branches, and finally they process the trunk and soil in the root zone.

Time and conditions of work. The best time to do spring gardening early morning. It is advisable to choose a dry, calm day for this work, during which precipitation is not expected. In this case, after treatment, the solution can be immediately absorbed and act quickly. As a result, you will be sure that the leaves and inflorescences will not be affected.

Calculation of the amount of solution. The results of the spring processing of the garden may be different. If it is important for you not only to destroy pests and diseases, but also not to harm trees and shrubs, then you need to correctly determine the consumption rate of the drug. You can find out if you look at the instructions for a specific tool. Knowing this, it will be easy for you to understand exactly how much certain chemicals will be needed.

it takes about 1.5 liters of solution to process one young tree;
for an adult - 5.5 liters.

For spraying bushes, a different amount of solution may be required - from 0.6 to 1.5 liters. It is possible to say more precisely how much liquid is needed, knowing the dimensions of the crown.

Conclusion

Experienced gardeners know how to get a good harvest. To do this, they regularly cultivate the garden. And they start doing this business in the spring. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this event, because it directly depends on how well trees and shrubs will be protected from pests and diseases. Knowing exactly which preparations and when it is better to use, even a novice summer resident can count on the fact that at the end of the season the garden will give him a lot of tasty and healthy fruits.

For spring spraying, urea of a small concentration in water is used. Soil treatment with a solution of urea in the fall is carried out at a time when the plant has already thrown off most of the crown, this will prevent the development of fungi in the soil in the spring and is an excellent top dressing for the tree.

It is necessary to use urea with caution, excessive concentration can cause foliage burns and death of the tree.

inkstone. Unlike copper sulphate, iron sulphate involves not only effective protection from pests of fruit trees and shrubs, but also enriches the plant with iron necessary for normal vegetation. This is especially important when caring for apple orchards, where iron deficiency can cause low and poor quality yields.

Spraying with a solution of iron sulfate is carried out twice a season. The first treatment should be carried out in the period before bud formation, a high concentration of the drug can cause burns of young leaves and shoots.
Processing the bark and branches of trees will prevent the development of aphids and scab on plants, active active substances destroy the larvae of fruit pests.

Oil products. Most often, gardeners use diesel fuel for processing fruit trees and shrubs, which is used for spraying in spring and autumn.

It is worth taking diesel fuel for processing with great care, the substance has a detrimental effect on green plants, so use is possible only if there is a complete absence of foliage. In the spring, all activities with diesel fuel are carried out only during the period until buds begin to form on trees and shrubs.

Excessive concentration of diesel fuel can lead to the death of plants. It is used to inhibit the processes of decay on old and diseased trees.

Preparation 30. This tool is used to treat apple, plum and pear trees in early spring and late autumn. The drug covers the bark of the plant with a film that prevents oxygen from getting under it, its absence leads to the rapid death of eggs and larvae of pests.

The formation of a film allows you to quickly get rid of pests at all stages of development, but its use more than several times a year is not recommended due to the formation of degradation products of the drug.

BOTTOM To. The drug has combined properties, kills fungi of all types, allows you to get rid of eggs and larvae of pests of fruit trees.

The manufacturers of the product claim that the drug quickly decomposes to safe substances in the soil, but its danger lies in the fact that active substances can penetrate the human body through the skin.
Due to the high cost and danger, the tool is used by large horticultural organizations in areas remote from residential areas.
Means recommended for the treatment of fruit trees and shrubs should be applied in the indicated concentration, but do not forget that the use for spraying modern means will significantly save the cost of drugs.
A well-treated plant should be moderately moistened over the entire surface, while avoiding runoff of the drug, this indicates excessive irrigation.
Most gardeners use improvised means to process fruit trees, but for high-quality spraying, it is necessary to use a spraying apparatus.
Sprayers

The essence of the operation of the devices is to build up pressure inside the cylinder with the drug and irrigate it fruit plants and shrubs. The supply of fluid under pressure can significantly reduce the cost of the product and qualitatively process the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe tree. Processing from special devices reduces the time for spraying, which minimizes human contact with aggressive substances.
There are several types of sprayers:
Manual. The cheapest. To work, a person needs to manually pressurize the device.

Mechanical. The processing of large horticultural areas is not possible without automatic models. To work, a person needs to fill the tank with the necessary substance and carry out spraying, the device itself controls the pressure in the cylinder, which significantly reduces the processing time and physical costs.

Secrets of processing fruit plants in spring

The first treatment of fruit plants should be carried out before the start of the growing season.

When using Bordeaux liquid, it is recommended to add a solution to it laundry soap. The soapy film will allow the preparation to gain a foothold on the surface of the bark and prevent it from being washed off in the rain.

Use inkstone needed in different concentrations for all plants. Young trees and plants with thin bark should be treated with a low concentration.

Do not confuse iron vitriol with copper sulfate and mix it with slaked lime.

Spraying must be carried out not only on the surface of the trees, but also on the soil around them. Approximate turning radius equal to the radius tree crowns.

Most of the inhabitants of our homeland do not really trust the quality of foreign vegetables and fruits with additives of various chemicals, even despite their alluring appearance, not everyone runs the risk of eating "it". Many people prefer to grow fruits and vegetables on their plots. Beginning gardeners can be frightened by diseases and pests of trees that affect them every year. Do not despair! This can be combated, the main thing is to timely apply chemical, agrotechnical, mechanical and biological methods for the destruction of pests and diseases. Spring processing is very important to protect trees from pests. It must be carried out in the period from the moment of waking up to the moment of fruit set and flowering.

Treatment of trees in the spring from pests and diseases. What is chemistry for?

Chemicals are very effective, and often the treatment of fruit trees from pests with pesticides is the only way to get tasty and healthy fruits, but in order to use this method, you need to have certain skills and knowledge, because each drug affects a specific harmful organism. Only by acting on the pest in the most vulnerable period of its development (and usually it is spring), you can achieve a good result with a minimum number of sprayings.

Depending on which organisms chemicals are applied to, they are divided into groups:

Herbicides - kill weeds.
Insecticides - act against insects.
Nematocides - affect nematodes.
Acaricides - kill ticks.
Rodenticides - repel rodents.
Fungicides - fight fungi.
Antibiotics - affect visors.
Bactericides - will save fruit crops from bacterial infections.

Treatment of trees in the spring from pests and diseases. Features of the development of harmful insects

Most insects, in the process of developing horticulture and agriculture, gladly moved from wild to cultivated plants that they liked more. As a result, insects, previously neutral, began to harm and damage the crop.

Even in modern industrial gardens, small pests destroy a large proportion of berries and fruits. They are so diverse both in types and in lifestyle that there is simply no point in listing all this. by the most dangerous insects tree pests include: beetles, sawflies, aphids, flies, butterflies and mites.

In the process of their development, almost all insects go through 4 stages (and in two of them they harm the garden and the garden!). Stages:

Eggs.
Caterpillars and larvae are a very dangerous stage. Growth and nutrition is their primary concern during this stage.
Pupa.
Adult insects or adults - like caterpillars, actively feed in order to lay eggs.

Treatment of trees in the spring from pests and diseases. Spray timing

Treatment of trees from pests and diseases is usually carried out in the spring, in three stages:

Before the buds open.
Before flowering (if flowering has already begun, processing is prohibited! Bees may die, and then there may be no harvest at all).
Not later than 5-7 days after flowering.

In some cases, another treatment is needed from pests of trees and shrubs in early summer to destroy suckers, aphids and mites.

Treatment of trees in the spring from pests and diseases. Slugs and snails

Slugs and snails can be removed by treating the garden in the spring. If this is not done, these pests of fruit trees can multiply very strongly and not only destroy a real crop, but even bring a shrub or tree to complete death. There is only one method against these pests - chemical - you need to spray the young leaves with a 3% Bordeaux mixture, and sprinkle the ground near the trunks with Slug-Eater or Thunderstorm granules - they serve as bait for pests that quickly die after such a "treat". It is necessary to apply the drug every two weeks until the snails with slugs completely disappear. For animals, humans, the drug is not toxic. If you do not want to use chemistry, you can simply take chalk, mix it with ash and sprinkle the soil under the crown.

Treatment of trees in the spring from pests and diseases. rodents

Another type of pest garden trees are rodents (rats, hares, mice). They reproduce at an incredible rate, and are also very voracious. Their food is young shoots, tree bark, and, of course, fruits. Trees, especially in freezing winters, can die from rodent damage. Rodents can be fought not only in spring, but throughout the year. Trees are recommended to be whitewashed with a solution of slaked lime, to which it is first recommended to add Ratibor powder. Also, tree trunks can be tied with pine branches or spruce branches, needles down. Rodents will be scared away by the coniferous smell and thorns.

Treatment of trees in the spring from pests and diseases. Diseases of fruit crops

Tree pest control is only the first step to a good harvest. Most of all, diseases harm berry and fruit crops, there are more than 1000 of them! They are divided into groups:

Fungal (mold, mycoplasma, rot, powdery mildew).
Infectious diseases (these include dryness, bacteriosis, spotting, ulcer cancer and others).
Viral (necrosis, mosaic).

To combat diseases and prevent them, treatment with fungicides is needed, according to their effects they are divided into systemic and contact.

Systemic fungicides penetrate deep into tree tissues. They destroy pathogens, providing a general therapeutic effect. When choosing a preparation for spraying, you need to know the degree of its toxicity and for how long it affects harmful organisms and how long before harvesting it cannot be used.

Contact fungicides have an effect when treating shrubs and trees on pests - pathogens, without penetrating into the plant. Thus, they can only be used for prevention. If the pathogen has already penetrated the tissues, these fungicides simply cannot cope with the disease.

Treatment of trees from pests in the fall

In gardening, autumn is a very important period. In addition to the fact that during this period everyone is harvesting, you need to take care of the trees. It is recommended to start autumn processing when the entire crop is harvested.

Before this procedure, it is necessary to clean the trees of lichens and old bark so that pests cannot hide anywhere. It is better to do everything by hand, without the use of tools. Only trees older than six years old can be processed using a metal brush. After that, you need to treat the damage with putty, and then you can apply whitewash with insecticides. Using this method, eggs and pupae of pests can be destroyed. When the tree is left without autumn processing, it becomes a real breeding ground for insects. This can cause a late start of the vegetative process in spring.

In the spring, all sorts of diseases can manifest themselves. To get rid of these troubles, spraying can be carried out in the fall. If special devices are used when spraying, they must be used carefully, because not all health preparations are harmless. Some of them can lead to serious poisoning. Before starting work, you need to purchase personal protective equipment: rubber boots, a raincoat and a respirator.

In order to harvest a full-fledged harvest of beautiful and whole fruits in the fall, you need to take care of the trees and shrubs in the spring. It is necessary to process and spray them from various pests and diseases.

You need to spray all fruit trees and shrubs without exception. This procedure is carried out in dry, calm weather at a time when the buds are swollen and the leaves are about to bloom. Better spraying spend in the morning or evening when there is no sun.

How to process garden trees in spring

On sale now big choice chemical, combined and biological preparations for garden processing. This is the well-known copper sulfate, and Bordeaux liquid, and the Abiga-Peak emulsion, etc. What to spray - you choose. We only note that:

Chemical preparations are convenient because they quickly dissolve in water and have convenient packaging. Their decay period is from several days to 3 weeks.
Combined preparations help to defeat several types of pests in one spraying. Re-processing is not required.
Biological products do not contain any chemicals, they are produced on the basis of various microorganisms and bacteria. There is no harm from them to humans, but re-processing of trees will be required.

Processing plums, apricots, cherry plums in spring

Before bud break we recommend spraying these garden trees from moss, lichens, fungal infections with 3% iron sulphate. From scale insects, aphids and mites, use spraying with the preparation "30 plus".

At the beginning of bud break (green cone) from diseases such as clasterosporiasis and monilial burn, spray stone fruit trees with 3% Bordeaux liquid, or a solution of Abiga-Peak. From pests at this stage, the remedy "30 plus" will help.

When pushing buds ("white bud") from aphids and ticks, Karate, Fufanon and Novaktion can be used. From diseases, trees at this moment can be sprayed with 1% Bordeaux mixture or diluted with Abiga-Peak and sprayed with it.

At the stage of isolation of the buds, the trees are treated from the sawfly with Fufanon, Novaktion and Fastak.

Spraying cherries and sweet cherries in spring

Early spring, still before swelling of the kidneys, it is advisable to spray the cherry with a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate from diseases and the preparation "30 plus" from pests.

When buds begin to bud, from diseases on stone fruit trees, spraying with 3% Bordeaux mixture or Abiga-Peak solution is used. At the same time, it is advisable to spray the cherries from such a pest as the cherry moth. Effective drugs are Lepidocid, Novaktion, Sumition or Fufanon.

On the stage buds coming out from diseases, it is safe to spray cherries with 1% Bordeaux mixture. From various pests, you can apply Karate, Fufanon.

When isolating the buds, trees are sprayed from the sawfly with Novaktion, Fufanon.

Spray solutions are prepared immediately before use.

This treatment is carried out using a special sprayer or hand pump. The solution should get on the trunk and all branches. If the trees are tall, it is necessary to lengthen the hose so that the solution reaches even the very top. It is necessary to spray so that the solution falls on the surface to be treated in the form of small dew drops. To do this, the tip of the apparatus is kept at a distance of at least 70 cm from the plant.

Spraying trees and shrubs in spring, video

The video discusses the spring treatment of the garden with carbamide (urea).

How do you treat trees and shrubs in spring? Please share this in the comments. What preparations and means are most effective in the fight against diseases and pests on garden trees and shrubs?

Do you use blue vitriol to spray your garden? What, in your opinion, biological agents will help in protecting the garden from pests and diseases?

Planting fruit-bearing trees and shrubs is only the first stage of their cultivation. To receive good harvest need to provide plants proper care. Mandatory procedure for fruit crops is spring spraying, which prevents the development of diseases and provides insect control.

Protecting the garden from pests in spring

Whitewashing trunks, digging the soil around bushes / trees, spraying plants with chemicals - these are three important procedures that include spring treatment of the garden from pests and diseases. With the help of the first, the bark is disinfected, which is often a source of pests and diseases. Tillage through digging helps to control pests living in the ground. This procedure is carried out shortly before spraying the garden. protective equipment. For spring processing, different compositions are used, including gentle organic liquids.

Before bud break

Processing the garden from diseases, pests is in stages. Spraying should begin in early spring, early March, when there are no buds on the trees yet. At the same time, it is important Special attention give to such garden crops as raspberries, currants, gooseberries. It is necessary to clean the plants from dried branches, fruits, cut the crown of trees and remove the old bark. Cut branches, other parts of shrubs should be burned.

Processing the garden in the spring from diseases and pests is carried out after this preparatory period. Any effective preparations are used: copper or iron vitriol, urea, urea, diesel fuel, Bordeaux mixture, etc. Early spring spraying of fruit trees in the spring helps to get rid of the apple flower beetle, weevils, sawflies, ticks, and some types of fungal diseases.

Treatment of trees after flowering

When the flowering of fruit crops ends, it's time to start the next spring treatment of the garden from pests and diseases. Last procedure spraying is carried out when the trees / bushes shed all the petals, and ovaries appear in place of the flowers. It is necessary to spray the plants during this period in order to protect them from putrefactive diseases and help develop immunity against spots and fungi.

It is desirable that the processing of the garden after flowering ends with a thorough inspection of each fruit crop for the presence of pests. Sometimes even a few procedures do not bring the expected result, and the plantations are still subjected to negative influence aphids or other midges. If you find insects, destroy them, but most insecticides are not allowed during the fruiting period. It is better in this case to treat the plants with urea.

How to spray fruit trees in spring

Spring treatment of fruit trees from pests involves the use of chemical, organic or combined formulations. Each type has its pros and cons:

So, chemicals are very effective and easy to use, but their effect ends 1-2 weeks after spraying.
Organic substances are as safe as possible for the garden and people, but they are not universal, as they help in the fight against only some insects and diseases.
Combined remedies are considered the most effective for spring garden treatment from pests and diseases.

Nitrofen

Treatment with copper sulphate

As a rule, spring treatment of the garden from pests and diseases involves spraying trees / bushes with copper sulphate. This fluid is suitable for powdery mildew, scab, spotting, rottenness. You can use copper sulfate all year round, with different weather conditions. To achieve maximum efficiency, an equal part of slaked lime is added to the composition (the mixture is 1: 1). As a result, gardeners have Bordeaux liquid, which is even more effective against insects.

Spraying with urea

This procedure allows you to avoid many diseases - moniliosis, scab, coccomycosis and putrefaction. Urea is able to destroy the pupae and eggs of various insect pests. The tool acts as a fertilizer, saturating the plantations with nitrogen, due to which the vegetation process is activated. Urea is a mixture of ash and soapy water. Prepare the product by diluting a kilogram in a 10-liter bucket of water wood ash. After the liquid is boiled, filtered and allowed to brew for a short time. Before use, 20 g of green soap and 30 g of urea are added to the product.

When to Spray Trees for Pests in Spring

Many summer residents intuitively choose the time to water plants with insecticides, but they do it too early or delay the process. Meanwhile, spraying must be carried out strictly on time, otherwise you will not destroy the pests or, together with them, eliminate the insects that pollinate the gardens. The result of this approach will be the absence of an ovary. Experienced gardeners are advised to process fruit-bearing trees / bushes several times in the spring season, using different formulations. Below is a table showing the timings that are suitable for processing funds.

Period

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