Jig for drilling holes with your own hands. Jig for drilling holes

Furniture conductor - simple mechanical device, which serves to speed up and simplify the actions when drilling holes. Usage this device allows you to create technological holes without pre-applied markings and do it with perfect precision, as well as a balanced slope. The device is indispensable during the assembly of furniture structures, during carpentry work. For use in everyday life and in the production of small volumes, it is very easy to make a furniture jig with your own hands.

In fact, a furniture conductor is a regular template with holes of the desired diameter. The working part of the device is a rectangular block of solid material with holes located according to the required markings. For convenience, it can be equipped with regulating and fixing mechanisms. Based on the simplicity of the design, you can quickly make stencils for furniture with your own hands from improvised means.

Conductor provides right direction drills at an angle of 90 degrees to the surface, eliminating the possibility of deviation. This is especially important when working on narrow pieces of furniture, such as the ends of walls or doors. Without this device, it is quite difficult to maintain the desired angle, which can lead to marriage, because even a slight deviation in the direction of the mounting hole can make assembly impossible. individual elements into a single structure.

For perfect matching of furniture elements to each other also great importance has the accuracy of the location of the holes for fasteners. Those who make furniture with their own hands are often faced with the need to create a series of identical holes at a certain distance from each other. To facilitate the work, to make it faster, it is easier not to markup each time, but to apply a template.

With the help of the conductor, you can work with different furniture materials: wood, chipboard, MDF.

The choice of model for manufacturing

Conductors industrial production are specialized and general. Templates of the first type are used to perform certain operations on typical parts. Universal Devices suitable for working with different materials and objects of various configurations.

By design features and functionality conductors are divided into the following types:

• overhead - when used, they are applied to the surface in the desired area, fixed with clamps or held by hand. Used for drilling holes in flat parts;
• rotary - the working part moves both in vertical, and in horizontal planes. Used when working with complex elements geometric shape and to create holes, the axis of which should be at an angle;
• tiltable - used to create holes in perpendicular planes.

To mark the places for drilling holes, a marking jig is used. It is much thinner and lighter.

The conductor device can be specially created for a certain type of fastener: dowels, confirmations, screws, corners. There are devices to simplify the process of installing fittings.

According to the type of fixation, furniture conductors can be sliding or fixed. The former move freely over the surface if necessary, the latter are rigidly fixed in right place. The presence of an adjustment mechanism will help to combine the device with different types of workpieces.

For large furniture manufacturers, the availability of a variety of accessories plays a decisive role, as they significantly reduce time costs. In this case, the cost of the tools does not really matter. A completely different approach to acquiring the necessary equipment from those who have a small furniture production or from independent craftsmen who make certain types of furniture. In this case, making furniture templates with your own hands is much cheaper and more practical. Choice desired options, the complexity of the fixture is determined not only by production needs, but also by the skill and experience of furniture manufacturers.

Overhead

Turning

Universal

Materials and tools

For the manufacture of the device, it is necessary first of all to determine the tasks that it will perform. Accordingly, they select desired material, from which a furniture template will be made with your own hands. The most durable, reliable and "long-playing" is considered to be a metal conductor. To create a furniture conductor for drilling with your own hands, it is permissible to use wood, plywood, textolite, plexiglass. This is due to lower labor costs and low cost of material. All this is important, especially if you are going to make several different templates yourself.

For the manufacture of a conductor, a piece of reinforcement, a bar or a plate is suitable - something that is sure to be found in any garage or in a home workshop. To make a simple marking device, you can take a regular school ruler - wooden, plastic or metal.

Of decisive importance in the manufacture of the jig is the exact calculation of the location of the holes on the workpiece. You can take a ready-made scheme or make it yourself. The latter option is preferable, since the dimensions in the drawings must correspond to the tasks being solved.

Of the tools you will need:

• drill;
• grinder or jigsaw;
• a set of locksmith tools;
• clamps;
• vise.

In the manufacture of the jig, perfectly precise drilling of pilot holes and hardening of the finished fixture will be required.

Drawing of a home-made conductor for drilling holes for confirmations

Manufacturing steps

Consider the process of creating a metal conductor device for confirmations. This fastener is most often used in furniture assembly:

• a piece is cut off from a metal bar of square section (10x10 mm) using a grinder desired length. The ends of the resulting segment are leveled with a file and cleaned of burrs. Corners and edges can be rounded for convenience and safety of use;
• holes are marked on the workpiece. Their centers should be located at a distance of 8 mm from the side face (chipboard sheet thickness - 16 mm). From the end and between the holes should be 32 mm, according to the generally accepted system of furniture fastenings. For marking, you can use a carpenter's corner or caliper. It is better to make marks on the part with a sharp metal object - an awl or a large needle. You can use a core and a hammer to make holes for the initial installation of the drill. It is important when drilling holes to prevent displacement of the drill and make them strictly perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece;
• using a drill with a diameter of 5 mm, make holes;
• to create an emphasis, you need to cut a piece of the desired length from metal plate(1x25 mm);
• finish the edges with sandpaper;
• bend the workpiece at a right angle, holding it in a vise. Fold the parts, aligning them coaxially;
• fasten the parts in this position with a clamp;
• on the side of the plate along the length of the device and at the end, drill holes corresponding to the size of the screw. Cut threads and fasten parts;
• cut off the excess of the stop plate, process the edges.

Video

When working with hand drill, sometimes it is difficult to maintain the given direction of the hole. Also, conductors are used if it is necessary to make a number of similar holes according to the pattern. For example, in carpentry. In this case, the master does not waste time marking the tree, and is guaranteed to get the same result.

The conductor is indispensable when drilling holes in pipes. But the main application is the passage of holes at a given angle.

Consider various options this useful tool:

Jig for perpendicular drilling

A simple furniture jig for drilling holes when assembling metal furniture. Details in the video

Purpose - obtaining passes in thick workpieces, strictly at an angle of 90 °. It is a set of bushings in a single housing, or a bracket with interchangeable working nozzles.

By setting the fixture above the drilling point, you can start working without first punching. The drill exactly hits the center of the sleeve and does not deviate from the axis.

Important! The only problem is that the tool must be held on the workpiece, especially at the beginning of work. Otherwise, it may move due to vibration.

Such a jig for drilling can be made by hand. Thick textolite or solid wood is used. The ideal option is to use bushings from an extruder for drawing wire. Worn bushings can be found at the factory.


Nozzles for the extruder are made of alloy steel, with the addition of Pobedit. The service life is practically inexhaustible.

Jig for cylindrical blanks or pipes

Making a hole in a sloping surface is almost impossible. It is especially difficult to start the process - the tip of the drill jumps off given point. The device will fix the direction, and will allow you to perform work with high accuracy.


By adjusting the length of the fixing bolts, a hole can be drilled tangentially to the center. If there is no such tool at hand, it can be made from improvised materials. For example, from a bar of hard wood and a strip of plywood.


So that the guides do not break so quickly with the sharp edges of the drill, they can be reinforced with sleeves from tubes of different diameters.

Furniture jig for drilling holes, a drawing of a kind of template that allows you to accurately set the assembly elements and greatly simplifies and speeds up the assembly.

With this device, you can make holes for:

Dowels
footer
pinch bolt
fixing holes for mounting plate furniture hinge
fixing holes for the furniture hinge cup
center for furniture hinge flange
eccentric brace center

The design consists of two parts:

Marking knot
retainer

MARKING KNOT

It is a “L” shaped plate made of corrosion-resistant steel plate, in which through holes with a diameter of 8 and 3 (mm) are drilled horizontally and vertically. To make the processing tool fit better into the holes, chamfers of 0.25x45˚ are made on its edges. The plate is hardened and ground.

Drawing

RETAINER

Made from steel circle, which allows you to install a furniture jig for drilling holes at the required distance from the edge of the processed chipboard. The movement step is ten millimeters.

Drawing

Let's say we want to install a furniture hinge:

1. We lay the template on the facade.
2.
3. We drill a hole with a diameter of three millimeters for the fixing screws of the cup to the desired depth.
4. We drill a hole with a diameter of three millimeters to the desired depth under further processing. The prepared hole will be the guide center for milling the hole for the flange of the furniture hinge with a diameter of thirty-five millimeters.
5. We lay the template on the body.
6. We drill a hole with a diameter of three millimeters to the desired depth for the fixing screws of the striker.

Let's say we want to install an eccentric coupler:

1. We lay the template on the horizontal surface of the chipboard part.
2. Install the latch in the hole.
3. We drill a hole with a diameter of three millimeters to the desired depth for further processing. The prepared hole will be the guide center for milling the hole for the eccentric of the furniture tie with a diameter of fifteen-five millimeters.
4. From the end of the chipboard, along one center line, we drill a through hole with a diameter of eight millimeters to the required depth

In the picture shown

AT different colors shows the center on the furniture conductor for various technological operations.

Sometimes at home you need to make holes in blanks for wood, metal, chipboard or other material.

And the presence of a screwdriver does not save and does not allow you to make holes strictly at an angle of 90, we are not talking about oblique holes at different angles.

To facilitate the processing of materials, a drilling jig is used.

These devices are widely used in the furniture industry.

Today in our article, we will talk about the types of conductors, the scope of their application and the ability to make it yourself.

Varieties of conductors

It should be noted that these devices are used not only for drilling holes, but also when milling, turning and trimming are performed.

Consider the main types of devices.

Overhead

This type of conductors is superimposed on top of the workpiece. It can lie either freely or pressed with bolts or clamps. They are valued for their simplicity of design and low cost.

Swivel

Bushings are provided on the body of the device, which regulate the axes of rotation in the horizontal, vertical and inclined planes. These models of conductors are designed for drilling cylindrical products.

sliding

The name speaks for itself, the conductor is not attached in any way, it is simply applied where a hole needs to be made.

Tiltable

Able to make holes in several planes.

Stationary

They do not have rotary elements, they are able to move the part and process the same type of workpiece.

Universal

These conductors have such a function as readjustment. This allows small enterprises to quickly and conveniently switch to the production of a new product.

Description of conductors

Let's start with the concept of a jig - this is the so-called template, the use of which allows for comfortable and ultra-precise drilling.

Moreover, drilling can be both perpendicular to the surface, and at any angle. If you use a conductor, then you do not need special qualifications to do complex calculations, make markings, where there will be holes, which saves a lot of time.

Applications

As we can see, due to the versatility and simplicity of their design, the conductors received wide use in different areas activities.

mechanical engineering

In the mechanical engineering industry, they are used for drilling holes in different blanks made from commonly used materials. Conductors are used that repeat the drawing with exact observance of all dimensions. It is also used when drilling of mixed type holes is required.

Furniture manufacturing

Conductors received the most important distribution in furniture production. Furniture conductors are used to install fittings, assemble furniture and many other technological processes.

At the same time, furniture assembly is neat, accurate and fast. A large number of furniture, contain dowels, which must be installed very accurately and here you can’t go anywhere without a conductor.

The most common jig for dowels is doweling. They mainly use overhead conductors made of lightweight materials.

Construction

Another area in which conductors are widely used for drilling holes is construction. With their help, drilling of technological holes in building structures, For example, .

Main benefits of using

You can buy a conductor or make your own.

But before choosing a model, you should decide for what tasks it will be used, and based on all this data, you should choose the type and design of the tool.

So why should you use jigs for drilling holes:

1. Intuitive use that does not require professional skills.
2. Low price of the device, as well as the possibility of self-manufacturing.
3. Saves a lot of time.
4. On the surface to be treated, it is not required to apply markings with.
5. Drilling precision.

A jig for drilling holes is an integral part of not only production, but it will also be useful in home life.

How to make a conductor with your own hands

Since there are many types of conductors, we will consider original design and analogue, respectively. So, let's begin.

Jig for perpendicular drilling

Its main purpose is to obtain holes in thick workpieces at an angle of 90. In fact, it is a set of bushings combined in one body. Usually these are overhead conductors, which are widely used in the assembly of furniture.

It is worth attaching the device to the surface and you can immediately start drilling, without punching. There is one minus, the device should be held tightly, and especially at the beginning of work. Because from vibration, the fixture can move.

This type of conductors, you can do it yourself.

1. As a basis, you can use wooden block, a piece of textolite, reinforcement with square section 10x10 mm.
2. We process the surface well, clean it and proceed to the marking.
3. It should be noted that the center of the holes should be located at 8 mm. from the edge of the workpiece. This is due to the fact that 8 mm. this is half the thickness of the chipboard sheet.
4. According to the standards, there should be exactly 32 mm between the centers of the holes.
5. After that, in these centers we make holes with a diameter of 5 mm.

A home-made jig can be used, but for more convenient use, an emphasis should be designed; for this, metal with a width of 23-25 ​​mm is used. and 1 mm thick, after which the sheet is bent at an angle of 90 and attached to the conductor. Also, bushings of different diameters can be inserted into the base of the conductor.

Jig for pipes and cylindrical blanks

Everyone knows that making a hole in a sloping surface is problematic, the end of the drill constantly jumps off. This type of conductors is fixed in a predetermined position and allows you to work with high accuracy.

This type of conductors can be done quickly and independently.

1. To do this, we need a bar of hardwood, loosened diagonally. And we attach a piece of plywood to the edge of the bar using self-tapping screws.
2. Then we make holes of the desired diameter in a wooden bar.

That's all the conductor is ready to go. In order for the holes to break less, they can be reinforced with metal sleeves, which are made of round pipes different diameter.

Angle drilling jig

This type of drilling is rarely used.

Suitable when it is almost impossible to hold a drill or screwdriver at the right angle.

It should be noted here that in metal products this type of hole is made only with a cutter. What about wooden products, then there are turnkey solutions in the form of kits.

It is easy to use these conductors, we press the workpiece tightly to the base, set the given height and as a result we get even and beautiful oblique holes at an angle. Yes, if we do not need a through hole, then it is unforgettable to put a stop ring on the drill itself.

It is difficult and problematic to manufacture this type of device on its own. Is there enough simple ways and variants, but they do not differ in accuracy. So, for example, a drill is placed on a prepared inclined surface and our workpiece is drilled at the angle obtained, as we understand the accuracy suffers greatly.

Jig for drilling holes for dowels

Their main purpose is to maintain the alignment of the holes, in the future, into which dowels will be installed. That is, when you apply the jig to both sides of the product, you get the perfect joint.

As you understand, this type of conductors can be made independently. If you have a stream of workpieces with the same geometry, it will be convenient for you to use an invoice template. It is desirable to use hardboard or other transparent material (plastic) as a template.

We mark and drill holes. It is advisable to hammer brass or copper tubes into the holes so that the drill does not break the calibration hole.

Universal fixture

When you use blanks various forms and sizes, you will need a universal fixture. The most interesting thing is that this device can be made from improvised materials.

1. For this we need plywood, about 15 mm thick.
2. We make three identical blanks.
3. Along the edges we make holes into which dowels are installed as legs.
4. We make one hole in the middle, which we reinforce with a metal tube.
5. We make three metal strips with symmetrically arranged holes, they will serve as a shoulder. These shoulders are responsible for the linearity of the holes of the future conductor.
6. We make cuts in plywood blanks and install metal shoulders, we fix everything. Our universal self-centering jig is ready.

Conclusion

Any universal hole drilling jig is made to save time and money. And you make it yourself or buy it ready-made in the store, it's up to you.

It should be noted here that for one time use or use at home, it is enough to buy the simplest jig, and if you do it all the time, then you should buy professional equipment for drilling holes, which is expensive (Wolfcraft).

A drilling jig is an indispensable attribute in large-scale production, no matter which one. Where there is a lot of drilling, it is really necessary, especially when production is serial or mass.

With a conductor to a large extent production is accelerating, the labor of the worker is facilitated.

A drilling jig, as a rule, is a bar (plate) with holes and bushings (sleeves). By means of a conductor, it is much easier, for example, to drill pipes.

As for the production of furniture, they are also used here, although recently.

With this equipment, the manufacturer is relieved of the following problems:

• Markup.
• Punching (point recesses in the material for the drill).
• Drilling with observance of perpendicularity.

The latter is especially difficult to implement, since it requires serious skills acquired only over the years.

Some operations, such as dowel drilling (short wooden rods designed for hidden joining of parts), require very precise marking, and no less precise drilling at an angle of 90°.

With such a device as a conductor, these tasks are solved easily and simply.

Types: choose the one you need

Overhead. They do not need fixing before their intended use. Structurally simple, mobile, but they need to be kept free from the drill by hand, since often the equipment is not fixed in a special device, which is not very convenient. Considering simplicity of design making it by hand is pretty easy. It is used when drilling chipboard and MDF.

Angle drilling jigs. The design is easy to imagine as the name speaks for itself. Such equipment can also be consignment note. In the production of high-quality furniture, there is also drilling at an angle, which is not the easiest operation in manufacturing process- it takes skill. Although in this case, the desired angle is sometimes violated, the assembly as a result will no longer be of such high quality and suffer appearance furniture, especially if it is not made of chipboard, but of wood - here you can’t putty on ugly drilling. The equipment of the desired design completely eliminates unnecessary problems.

Rotary jigs. They have folding brackets, and this allows drilling on two adjacent planes.

Sliding gearboxes. With their help, without reinstallation, you can drill several holes. To work with such equipment, however, the necessary skills are required.

Device for drilling holes for dowels and confirmations

Despite the fact that today in the furniture industry there are many new fittings, the good old dowel is still used today. This is due to the fact that the joints are not visible through this piece of fittings, and this is especially valuable in the production of natural wood furniture.

As already mentioned, dowel drilling creates a lot of problems for furniture makers, especially those who are not qualified enough.

In order to furniture planes were perfectly joined, accurate marking is required, and this equipment allows you to speed up the work and bring the quality to the desired level.

Working with confirmations - special furniture screws - although less troublesome, but also requires certain skills. And considering how many holes you need to mark and drill, before you twist the confirmation in one furniture product, such a device will greatly speed up the work, and its quality too.

The simplest devices

1. The conductor is two-slider. It allows you to drill holes in two adjacent (mating) parts. The fixture is constructed from two rulers that serve as guides and are connected to the mounting plate. The holes made in it make it possible to install a bar on parts of different widths. Housings moved along the rulers (replaceable) have a set of guide bushings, where the distances between them are different. The conductor is fixed by means of a connecting strip, on the opposite side there is a travel limiter, which is pressed with a thumb screw.
2. The conductor is multiposition. Attaches with clamps. The design allows for vertical drilling. It is made from thick-walled aluminium. Since the fixture has a significant length, it is equipped with an intermediate mount in the center of the structure. The thick wall of the corner was very successfully applied, which cannot be overestimated at the moment of applying the fixture to the surface of the part and when reinstalling the conductor by 90 °. The selection of the distance between the bushings is carried out according to the most common values ​​\u200b\u200bfor the installation of dowels or confirmations.

How to work with a conductor:

• The device is fixed on the workpiece.
• The sleeve is inserted into the hole.
• Drill through the sleeve.

Do-it-yourself furniture conductor: drawings with dimensions to help

Principle of this equipment:

1. Frame corner type. It is superimposed on the plane of the parts, which will then be connected to each other.
2. Guide bushings. A drill will enter through them.
3. Clamping devices. They fix the conductor and are made from the end part.

Designing your own jig should be based on the fact that with this equipment you can do most of the work performed related to fasteners of various types.

Important! If you need a universal assistant - this applies to professional furniture makers, then it would be better to purchase industrial equipment, which is made more accurately and efficiently. It is such a device that will be preferable and will quickly pay for itself, especially if you also take into account the fact that this device often comes with a lot of different templates, stops and other little things that are also necessary in the work. They are much cheaper than buying at retail.

And yet this device, if necessary, can be made with your own hands.

Such equipment, perhaps, is needed not so often in a particular production, and even home master- especially. So for many users, doing it yourself will be much more profitable.

If such design remains relevant, then it is necessary to prepare materials for the manufacture of a home-made conductor for drilling for confirmation:

• corner. You should stop your choice on the unequal type of this rental - its possibilities are wider. The corner shelf must be chosen with the greatest thickness, which can reach up to 8 mm. This is well justified, since then guide bushings with an outer diameter of up to 6 mm can be inserted. Based on this, drills from 3.5 to 4 mm can be used. Even if that diameter is not enough, then the material is reamed with a large drill, without using any other devices.
• Guide bushings. Here, stainless steel pipes will be preferable, which are selected primarily according to inner diameter. Example: a 6×1.5 pipe is suitable for a drill no larger than 2.7 in diameter. Explanation: its inner hole will be 3 mm, and a small gap along the entire inner diameter is taken into account due to the thermal expansion of the material. The sleeve length is the depth of the hole in the corner, multiplied by two or more. The fit of the bushings is either transitional, or with an interference fit, or according to the shaft system. The latter is the most appropriate.

Instead of pipes, of course, you can use ready-made bushings used in wire drawing machines - such are available, for example, in mechanical engineering. Such parts (even used ones) will come in handy: they are made of alloyed steels and have an almost unlimited service life.

Choice of mounting method

Options:

• Fixing with self-tapping screws. They are screwed into the part, which prevents the device from moving due to friction. This is convenient because these marks will be needed for subsequent drilling of other holes.
• Spring stop. It will securely fix the conductor on the part. For such an emphasis, a flat spring with an appropriate clamping force is suitable.
• External clamps. They need to be placed underneath rubber gaskets. Corrugated rubber is ideal as a material. This, of course, slightly increases the weight of the tool, and the elasticity of the pads can negatively affect the squareness of the bushings. To prevent this from happening, the drill is inserted into the sleeve in order to mark the hole, and only then the clamps are clamped.

For drilling pipes and cylindrical parts

AT modern furniture not only chipboard, fiberboard, MDF and wood are used. As additional elements may apply steel pipes different diameter. Covered with chrome or stainless steel, they perfectly complement the overall furniture ensemble.

It is very difficult to drill a spherical surface - the drill strives to slip to the side. Yes, and marking is not so easy when there are a lot of holes and they are arranged in several rows.

In order for the notorious colander to turn out of the pipe, but the correct part with precisely made holes, you need a jig - this perfect solution in the given situation.

There are steel conductors made in the form of an adjustable clamp. This design feature allows you to clamp pipes of different diameters in them and drill holes in them with high accuracy.

Without being able to make such a device, you can use waste materials, making an even simpler device using a bar and a strip of plywood. So, a bar cut diagonally lengthwise into circular saw, can be nailed or screwed with screws at an angle of 90 ° to plywood. The resulting device is superimposed on top of the pipe, and a strip of plywood, resting against a table or workbench, does not allow it to break given angle. Holes of the required diameter pre-drilled in the bar are placed taking into account the required distances between future holes, which will allow you to quickly and accurately drill the pipe exactly according to the drawings.

Do-it-yourself furniture conductors and templates

How conductors are made is now clear, as well as their need for furniture production.

Not only conductors, but also templates are necessary in furniture production. The simplest template will sometimes save a lot of time and enable no less accurate drilling than a jig.

For example, the simplest metal prefabricated invoice template, consisting of two sheet blanks measuring 130 × 70 mm and a steel square with a cross section of 20 mm. They are interconnected by screws in the upper part of the structure - this is how they are attached to the square. The square is drilled under the bushings, where the latter are pressed. Such a device for drilling holes in the end of a part made of chipboard will make it possible to drill without thinking about marking and perpendicular drilling at all. And the price of this equipment is below any idea of ​​\u200b\u200bsavings.

Instead of metal, you can and should use those materials that are inexpensive and easy to process.

Materials:

• Plywood.
• Textolite or fiberglass - preferably thick.
• Hard wood.
• Hardboard or its equivalent.

It must be borne in mind that these materials are short-lived, and so that the devices do not have to be made every day, it is quite reasonable to press metal tubes into them.

In conclusion, it is worth summarizing what has been said. Making a jig or a template yourself or buying it in a store is up to each individual. If a home craftsman needs to make some kind of furniture in a single copy and there is material for the conductor, as well as the possibility of manufacturing it, you can use this. It is possible that such equipment will never be useful to the master again.

But even if a small furniture workshop is engaged in the production of mass-produced furniture, and enough people work in it, it is probably easier to purchase something ready-made, especially since they will need several copies of these irreplaceable assistants to the craftsmen.

In the latter case, it makes sense to purchase more expensive, accurate and wear-resistant conductors instead of making handicraft ones that are less accurate and durable.

Good luck in your work!