How houses are built in Norway. scandinavian houses

Today, a Norwegian-style house is the number one hit for connoisseurs of a combination of high quality workmanship and functionality of a residential facility. Confirmation this fact is a rapidly growing number of such houses throughout the post-Soviet space. However, there is nothing surprising here, since our Scandinavian neighbors have managed to find the perfect balance between comfort, environmental friendliness and harmonious appearance - the most important characteristics of modern housing.

Often, for those who make a choice in favor of a Norwegian-style house project, it becomes a revelation that this is a modern, brought to mind Russian hut - this is exactly what the first log buildings in Norway originally looked like. Once the Varangian hired workers brought to their homeland and gradually improved the construction technology residential buildings in Russia. Thus, a cutting method with a self-locking lock appeared, which does not allow the appearance of cracks in the process of wood drying. Over time, the technology has improved and since the 13th century it has been considered traditional Norwegian.

Several centuries later, thanks to the development of industry and the improvement of the processing of building materials, the Norwegian style rapidly evolved and took pride of place in the most sought-after areas of housing construction. The architects discarded unnecessary decor, worked on the functionality of every detail of the interior, took into account the peculiarities of daylight hours and got the formula perfect home- houses in the Norwegian style.

Main features and style elements

Traditional Scandinavian housing is a declaration of love for everything natural, starting with the landscape around the house, which designers tend to leave in its original form, and ending with the selection of interior details, as a rule, made only of natural materials.

The visiting card of the Norwegian architectural style are:

Single storey building. At first glance, a traditional Norwegian house seems small and even squat, but its layout is so well thought out that any skeptic stepping inside will be surprised at how spacious it is.
Half-light living room. It does not have a direct ceiling, thanks to which the height of the arch reaches 3.5 meters, so the living room, which, as a rule, is combined with the kitchen, is always filled with air and light.
Small living rooms. In contrast to the living room, the bedrooms have a small area - so they retain heat much better.
Massive logs. The thicker they are, the better, and ideally they are hand-crafted so that all lines are natural.
Small windows with traditional decorative elements.
Wooden weirs. Even here the Norwegians remained faithful natural wood. But a feature of the drainage system is iron chains, through which water flows down from the roof - this important detail, which emphasizes the architectural style.
Grass roof. For us, this is unusual, but if you implement the project of a traditional Norwegian house, then you can’t do without it. Vegetation is not needed at all for a fabulous entourage - the grass cover plays the role of a layer that regulates temperature fluctuations and improves sound insulation. Plus, it's a great air purifier.
Simplicity and clarity of lines. In a house made in the Norwegian style, there is no place for showiness and pretentiousness.

materials

A feature of the construction and decoration of houses in the Norwegian style is the use of environmentally friendly natural materials: wood, stone, metal, ceramics. Naturally, this is not a cheap pleasure, and quite often, without calculating their financial capabilities, the future owners of such housing, in the process of building a house, replace natural materials artificial (plastic panels, melamine boards, fake diamond or imitation wood). Unfortunately from this appearance buildings lose their color.

The modern approach to building a Norwegian-style house or summer house may differ slightly from the traditional one:

walls can be decorated with aged wood or even plastered elements decorated with carvings are allowed - this is how the house acquires individuality during construction for decoration is increasingly used wooden beams and arrange them both horizontally and vertically;
finishing with siding (wooden) or natural stone is allowed;
the area of the bedrooms is increasing;
window openings, thanks to new technologies, are designed as large as possible.

But the basic principles of facade design remain unchanged:

wood is treated minimally so that it has a natural look. As a rule, to give it the desired shade, tinting is enough. In rare cases, varnish is used or the facade is painted in red, brown, gray or beige.
Window platbands and doors are covered with paint of contrasting color. Today there are also bright houses: orange, bright red, complemented by green or blue details;
window frames should be massive and made of natural wood;
the facade should be restrained, concise form;
it is necessary to observe the cleanliness of the lines of all elements.

Norwegian style houses - photo

I have been looking at Norwegian houses for a long time, and indeed, at houses in scandinavian style. Not necessarily Norwegian, in Sweden there are also very nice houses both in design and in the thoughtfulness of everything and everyone.

And from blogs of interesting people I see the beauty of their buildings, and from video programs I enjoy architectural solutions. Features of Scandinavian-style houses are traditional and practical.

Norwegian house in scandinavian style

Some people imagine such good log cabins from fairy tales. But actually it is not. But more on that later. The main criterion for all houses in the Scandinavian style is a total fusion with nature, while the ability to use all the amenities available in the modern world.

In Norway, it is completely unacceptable to build apartment buildings. There, even at the government level, this decision is enshrined. Only townhouses and private buildings. The population of the country, however, is only 5 million people, so there is no need to crowd. There is enough space for everyone, even taking into account the fact that the main area of the country is occupied by mountains.

Norwegian house on a small island

Only very wealthy Scandinavians can afford to live on such an island. Well, just, on a farm, away from neighbors - this is generally in the order of things. It is not accepted to settle right next to each other there.

Norwegian frame house

Most of the Norwegian houses are frame type. But chopped buildings are rather exotic. They are built either as a summer residence or for the tourist business.

Scandinavian style houses

Norwegians have two houses. one for permanent residence, and the second for rest. Often such country houses built in the mountains or at sea. But the difference in these buildings is only in the name. Since, in terms of their characteristics, both structures are absolutely identical.

house in scandinavian style

Often in country houses frugal Norwegians do not conduct electricity. And where can I get it in the wilderness of mountains or on a deserted coast? But even where electricity can be brought to the cottage, they still do not electrify it. This is due to the desire to immerse yourself in nature as fully as possible. Houses are heated with wood, and oil lamps provide light in the dark.

norwegian houses with earthen roof

More technologically advanced Norwegians put on the roof of the house solar panels, create offline sources energy. Well, they cook food on bottled gas. In general, the nation is very inclined to different kind alternative methods power generation. You can also find windmills and some biogas mechanisms for generating electricity in private households.

Traditional Norwegian house

By the way, it is not customary for Norwegians to brag about wealth. Therefore, even among wealthy residents, houses are not knocked out of general series restrained and strict buildings. The maximum that a wealthy Norwegian can afford is to order some kind of design experiment with a house.

Modern house in scandinavian style

Average house size in Norway 170 square meters. Everything is calculated with typical Scandinavian frugality. The operation of such a house costs a feasible amount. Therefore, stone houses are not common in any way. Everywhere you can find frame buildings, which are cheaper in terms of insurance and higher in terms of heat retention.

Scandinavian-style houses - a fusion of tradition and modernity

Scandinavian timber frame house

Standard insulation layer in Norwegian walls frame houses- 20 cm. But in the north of the country, beyond the Arctic Circle, walls are often insulated with a layer of 40 cm. But there are winters for 9 months a year. And the minuses on the street are harsher than our latitudes.

Scandinavian style houses

Norwegians prefer to finish the walls of houses with unplaned boards. Boards are subsequently painted in three layers. The boards are not planed due to the fact that this way they better withstand bad weather, and also more effectively soaked with paint.

traditional colors Norwegian houses- white, red, brown, ocher. The walls are sheathed horizontally - ship type, less often vertically - barrel type.

Scandinavian style houses - Norwegian houses

On the roof most often allowed natural ceramic tiles or metal roofing. On the roofs they try to use dark tones to make the snow melt faster.

Previously, houses in Norway had earthen or sod roofs. But now such houses are rare. They are preserved only in tourist villages.

norwegian house

In terms of heating, Norwegians are supporters of warm electric floors or electric convectors. In each house, for a reserve, there is also a simple iron barrel stove for wood heating. Gas is expensive in the country, so it is not used for heating purposes.

Concept house in scandinavian style

Houses in the country are not fenced at all. There is no such thing as a fence, let alone a deaf one, among the Norwegians. There are low picket fences, but it's more likely decorative element than any kind of protection. In case the owners want to hide the perimeter of the yard, they plant a hedge.

Norwegian house in the forest

This is how a review article on Norwegian houses in the Scandinavian style turned out. I dream of getting to Norway myself, so that I can take pictures of everything there. But for now, these are just plans. Maybe in the coming years we will. Yes, it's expensive now, including gasoline ... So, while we are inspired by the photo, and not live ... All the best!

Video - Scandinavian-style Norwegian houses

And finally, some video ideas with traditional Norwegian houses in the Scandinavian style.

The Norwegian house, by its type, is a cottage. The technology of its construction can rightly be called unique and special. But the fact is that during the construction they use wooden materials and special equipment - a gun carriage. The feature of building using Norwegian technology is that the craftsmen make its connection according to a special principle, the so-called "Norwegian castle". This technology is only used for Norwegian construction, so this principle can indeed be considered exclusive. Moreover, it is this lock that makes the house reliable and durable.

Carriage and "Norwegian Castle"

As it was written above, thanks to this connection technique, the "lock" snaps into place and, as a result, the components of the structure are tightly connected to each other, which gives the structure greater strength. Many people know that wooden houses reform under the influence of temperature and pressure. But with a Norwegian house, this rule does not apply, it provides for the design of the house, which attracts customers even more. Moreover, when connecting logs to each other, they completely block the flow of air and water into the house. This feature helps to avoid additional work with joints of logs, since the house will already be strong and warm for its inhabitants. As for the gun carriage, specialists in Norway carefully deal with it, so it looks neat and beautiful. Consequently, you, again, do not have to process it or carry out any work that will require additional finance. Moreover, the carriage plays the role of a filter in the house. As a result, the Norwegian house is not only reliable, but also, from an economic point of view, inexpensive.

Construction of a Norwegian house

The house itself, of course, stands on the foundation. To prevent the Norwegian house from moving anywhere after time, professionals use dowels - large wooden nails, with which the logs are fastened and the house is stiffened. In addition to pins, no nails are used when building a house according to the Norwegian principle, which is also characteristic feature of this technology. In addition, the roof is ideally suited to the log house, so the whole house looks organic and neat.

The main advantage of the Norwegian house is a large interior area, in which, thanks to wooden materials, warm even on cold winter days.

Norwegian house design

It is not surprising that the Norwegian house appealed to many residents of the northern part Russian Federation due to its characteristics and properties. As for the style of the house, there are many different designs. Moreover, you have the opportunity not only to order finished project, but also to create your own home design to your taste and budget. In any case, as a result, you will get a well-built durable house that will conquer with its unusualness. By the way, after building a Norwegian house, you can decorate it with exquisite details, such as beams or wood carvings.

As for the interior of the Norwegian house, there is no less a large assortment. Using the services of a designer, you can plan your space according to your preferences on a special computer program.

As you can see, Norwegian houses have a lot of advantages, which is why customers love them so much. The construction technique is reliable and proven, which guarantees a long service life of the house. Moreover, the price of construction cannot but rejoice, as it fully corresponds to the quality of work.

Modern building materials please with a variety, but some technologies come to our country only now. For example, more and more often, customers began to build Norwegian houses, which have a number of features.

House Features

Norwegian building style practical solution when building housing in not too cold conditions, but with large quantity rainfall at any time of the year. in many ways similar to the climate of the north-west of Russia, which allows you to build housing with optimal characteristics. When we hear "Norwegian house", we imagine a massive building from a log cabin. But in fact, these cottages have their own characteristics, in addition, the process of their construction and the materials used have changed year after year.

What was - what became

In the 19th century, houses in Norway were built in simple forms, with an acute-angled roof covered with tiles. AT postwar period mostly laconic buildings of modest size were erected. The main thing in such cottages is convenience, rationality and economy. Norwegian log houses were originally built in two categories - for permanent residence or recreation in the mountains. True, even the latter are distinguished by thoughtfulness and rationality, so they were ideal for a full-fledged stay. At the same time, the main features are simplicity of design and interior layout- remained the same as centuries ago.

Vertical bar - a new trend

Among modern technologies wooden housing construction stands out for the construction of houses using vertical bar. This trend attracts attention with the possibility of recreating unusual architectural solutions. Moreover, both logs and beams can be located vertically. A Norwegian house made of vertical timber is distinguished by its construction technology, since the material is not laid horizontally, but vertically. The final designs are reliable in operation.

What are the features?

The use of a vertical bar allows you to make the structure resistant to loads. In addition, the building will not shrink and will be more stable due to its natural upright position. Vertical technology involves the use of bars with a complex cross section, and the connection of the material is carried out using a tongue-and-groove system. Norwegian house can be built using different types bars:

internal: they are used to assemble walls of any thickness;
rails, with the help of which external and internal wall cladding is performed.

The finishing itself is carried out so that the connections that exist between the bars are closed from the outside with the help of decorative strips.

Advantages of technology

The main advantage of building from a vertical beam is the ability to start finishing immediately after the box has been erected and the roof has been installed. A house using Norwegian technology, built on the basis of vertical beams, has the following features:

Structural elements are 100% ready, so construction is carried out quickly, and additional seals, heaters are not required.
Only used in construction natural wood, so the appearance of the cottages will be natural and natural.
Walls made of vertical timber are durable, as the wood is located naturally.
Houses built using this technology, capable of withstanding a greater load than traditional wooden buildings.
There is no shrinkage, since the dimensions wooden houses always change only when the transverse fibers dry, and not the longitudinal ones.

The Norwegian house, built from a vertical beam, is also distinguished by a high level of thermal insulation, since the geometry of the joints of the beams is complex. Vertical bars on four sides have cuts filled with air, and this, in turn, helps to improve the thermal properties of wood, creating obstacles to the path of cold air into the room.

Features of the preparation and installation

Vertical logs are lightweight, so the installation of buildings does not require the use of special equipment and lifting mechanisms. Yes, and the share of physical labor is minimized, in addition, if necessary, the structure can be moved from one place on the site to another. House projects based on Norwegian technology open up great opportunities for designers who can come up with interesting architectural and planning solutions. For example, when installing logs or timber vertically, you can play with shapes, building oval, round or traditional rectangular walls. BUT original solutions can be implemented if the vertical arrangement of structures is partial.

And what are the disadvantages?

Vertical bar - interesting solution in modern construction, but the production technology itself is not simple. This is due to the need to use precise high-tech planing and milling equipment. The second point worth remembering when building a house in the Norwegian style is the need to use wooden dowels to assemble the walls, the task of which is to maintain the vertical position of the walls. Pins are attached along the entire length of the beam, as well as from above and below. This solution serves as a guarantee of additional rigidity of the walls, excluding their deformation.

When using a vertical beam, you will need to use special guide parts that are placed on top and bottom of the structure. That is, using this technology, it is impossible to build a house in the Norwegian style with an attic - only two full floors. The production of the material involves a number of stages:

First, the raw materials are sorted and checked for quality.
The saw log is sawn into blanks.
Drying of blanks is carried out in special drying chambers.
The beam profile is milled.
Quality control is carried out.
AT finished material technological holes are drilled.
After careful quality control finished products stacked and packaged.

What beam to use?

The construction of Norwegian houses using vertical beams has its own characteristics, but the most important is the absence of shrinkage during the first year of operation. Accordingly, after the construction of the box and the installation of the roof, you can do the finishing. The advantage of such a beam is also that it is possible to make the architecture of buildings original, giving them any shape, depending on the project.

Bars can be mounted in a vertical position different ways. Most often, special groove foundations are equipped from monolithic concrete. The essence of the technology is that a pit of the required size is dug, if necessary, a drainage system is equipped to drain ground water, fastening of beams or logs is carried out on special waterproofing tires.

Norwegian wooden house can be located on a columnar or strip foundation. In this case, the vertical bars are inserted into a pre-created harness, which is an overlay crown. To prevent the logs from deviating in a vertical plane, the fastening is done with dowels. To prevent the walls from being blown through, caulking of seams is performed.

Design features

The design of modern private houses is most often carried out with an emphasis on the use of wood. The Norwegian house is built in the same way. Projects of such buildings involve the use of wood, the minimum diameter of which is 180 mm. The weight of such structures is small, so it is convenient to carry out any transport operations. Installation of the building is also quick and easy - for the construction of housing with an area of approximately 200 square meters. m will take 3-6 months.

In addition to excellent performance properties, a modern Norwegian house has a special architecture. Projects offered by many companies allow you to build a full-fledged two-storey cottage in the most different styles- from modern and classic to high-tech. At the same time, you can choose any planning solution, especially if you order K distinctive features houses from a vertical bar include the following:

Environmental friendliness, since only natural wood is used in the production of the material. And this means that a favorable microclimate will be created in the room.
Heat preservation. The use of high-quality raw materials is a guarantee that the structure will be economical in operation.
assembly accuracy and a large number of contact planes provide high level windproof.

Naturi system

Vertical housing construction is becoming increasingly popular today. Particularly in demand is the Naturi system, which is construction material from thin wooden trunks. They are processed in such a way that they can be assembled like a puzzle and fixed on the side with a wooden dowel. That is, you can build solid wood walls, while its length and width do not play a role. In general, such a Norwegian house looks very beautiful, impressive and unusual. The photo shows that any project can be realized.

The Naturi system is a modern building material that meets the requirements of modern environmental friendliness and high manufacturability. The benefits of Naturi vertical housing include:

Windproof.
Use of natural wood.
No shrinkage.
Finished surfaces that can be processed after construction.

The innovative system is ideal for building houses in any regions of Russia, regardless of the landscape of the region. is performed on the basis of grooves, due to which forces and loads on the walls are distributed. In the practical implementation of the Naturi system, there is nothing complicated, since all operations are performed sequentially. To obtain material, trunks are harvested, which are shaped into a rounded beam. The material is further dried to the optimum moisture content, which is 12%, and drying is carried out first on the street, then in a drying chamber.

Appearance Features

If you want to build natural housing, look at the Norwegian house. A photo of buildings shows that most often they are small and compact in shape, which take up a lot of space, and thanks to this they provide good capacity.

The external distinctive features of houses in the Norwegian style include:

most often buildings have one or two floors and are squat;
a powerful appearance is ensured by the use of a gun carriage made of large logs;
windows in the house are small;
the roof is most often straight or with a minimal slope, which immediately catches the eye.

findings

Vertical bar - innovative material created by nature itself. The Austrian method of construction, which for some reason was called the Norwegian one, involves a completely different approach to housing construction, when finished construction is different high quality, reliability and excellent performance. In addition, a house made of vertical timber really knows how to “breathe”, since micro-gaps remain between the decorative panels and the timber. Despite the complexity of the technology, it deserves attention, especially if you want to create a beautiful and cozy home.