Apecs door closer manual. How to set up a door closer

Door closer - a device whose action is aimed at quietly closing the door. The mechanism functions as follows: it is applied to the door physical strength, in this case, an impulse arises, which is transmitted to the device and acts so that the door opens and closes without sudden movements and noise. If you want to create a door closer with your own hands, you will need parts whose purpose is not related to the principle of operation of the door.

This is what the door closer looks like

Door closers are different. All differ in different dimensions and colors, as well as in the device of the mechanism.
Depending on the place of application, installation for doors can be:

furniture - door closers are used in the compartment-door in the closet, sliding furniture elements, in the kitchen and so on;
door closer - fixed on the main, interior doors, as well as in compartment doors to pantries and dressing rooms.

Existing Options door closers

Furniture versions of the door closer are built into the structure during its creation. But door closers can be installed by yourself by creating a device with your own hands.
Closer configuration by device:

a device with a drive and teeth;
camshaft application.

Door closers are installed at the top, at the bottom, and are also mounted in door elements.

Upper door closer

This type view mechanism. There are options for installing closers at the top:

The door closer installation is selected based on the door opening functions.

If the doors open from the incoming person, then the closer is placed in the first way, otherwise method 2 is applicable.

There is another option for installing the mechanism, it is applicable when the doors open in all directions.

Example of a closer for a door that opens on both sides

Parallel installation is carried out as follows - the mechanism is mounted on the door, the lever is mounted on the base of the door frame using a special plate.

Bottom door closer

This door mechanism is used if there is no door frame. That is, if there are hinges on the doors, the lower mechanism is not used, since the closer in this case plays the role of a hinge.

The lower door closer is installed in a hole in the floor, which should be made in advance for this purpose.

Design option of the bottom door closer

This mechanism has upper part which is installed in the ceiling. Without this component, the lower closer will work for a short period of time.

Hidden door closers

The mechanisms are completely hidden in the door leaf. There are 2 types:

Choosing the right door closer

Before choosing a door mechanism, you need to familiarize yourself with its functions. The principle of operation of the door closer is to quietly, smoothly close the door. This is reflected in the following factors:

Saving heat in the room.
There is no noise when the door moves.
Noise isolation. With a tight-fitting door to the box, there are no extraneous sounds from the street or another room.

The principle of operation of the door closer

For the correct and continuous operation of the door mechanism, it is necessary to make right choice closer.
For the correct functioning of the door closer, as well as its long-term operation for its intended purpose, there are several rules, guided by which you can avoid mistakes in the manufacture of the mechanism or its purchase.

Scheme of the door closer

Depending on the appearance, functioning, as well as type - door closers have a different pricing policy.

Do-it-yourself door closer installation

The door closer can be produced and installed, adjusted from different means. How to install the top closer?

Detailed instructions for installing a door closer

Step-by-step instruction

If there is no layout in the set, then in technical passport indicated exact dimensions and measurements by which you can mount the door closer.

Door closer adjustment

After installing the door closer, a check is needed. If the door is hard to open, close or slam, you can adjust the door closer with your own hands.

There are 2 screws on the closer device. They take on the main functions of the mechanism. 1 screw - speed when closing the door, 2 - adjustment of the tightness of closing the door and its fit to the frame. If the door slams, you need to adjust the second screw. It must be slowly twisted (a little - half a turn), then check the closing of the door. Do this until the door stops slamming.

Door closer adjustment options

To close the door a little slower, you need to turn the screw clockwise so that the speed is counterclockwise.

Closer where there are more than 2 screws

There are door closers with more than 2 adjustment screws. In this case, the purpose of each screw is indicated in the technical data sheet. In addition to the standard door adjustment screws (speed and pop), there are also screws that are responsible for other functions of the mechanism.

One screw serves as a door brake when opening. That is, opening the doors with a sharp movement will not work. The second screw leaves the doors open. That is, if the door is wide open, then it will remain in this position and will not close.

Drawing and diagram for adjusting the door closer

The screws are also adjusted slowly and half a turn.

The oldest door mechanism that completed the slamming of the door was a cobblestone tied to a jamb on a twine. Then humanity, unwilling to bother itself, replaced the cobblestone with a spring, the ends of which were attached to the box and to the canvas. The spring, imparting momentum not only to the door, but also to not too nimble spins, to this moment performs the function of the main element in most modifications of door closers. Only her work became smooth and controlled due to the introduction of special devices. That's why home master you need to know how to install an improved mechanism, and how to adjust the door closer, if you decide to equip your property with automation for lazy users with your own hands.

Video instruction for home masters

Types of door closers and installation methods

The installation of a mechanical device that smoothly closes the door reduces the load on the fittings, protects the hinges and the structure itself from premature wear. You can equip them with both the entrance and interior door, and the door between the house and the bath extension or garage.

Differences in the method of installation determined the classification of door closers, which are divided into:

overhead mechanisms installed on a box beam or on a canvas, or in door hinges instead of a rod;
floor structures, the laying of which is carried out during the installation of the floor covering and is usually designed in advance;
hidden devices located either in a box with sufficient power, or in a canvas. To equip this type of mechanism, it is necessary to mill cavities, which should not be undertaken without experience.

The simplest and most accessible for an inexperienced performer will be the overhead installation of a door closer, the process of which in most cases is described in detail by the manufacturer. Caring manufacturers now apply to their products not only detailed description, but also a template exactly following the contour of the mechanism with a clear marking of points for fastening. Almost all actions are carried out according to the standard algorithm, but there are nuances that should not be forgotten.

Attention. Before equipping the door with a device, it must be repaired and the fittings adjusted. The canvas should not “shuffle” on the floor, hang crookedly on the hinges. The course of the loops should not be heavy.

Construction mounting options

Mechanisms with levers or sliding channels can be mounted both on the inside and on the outside of the interior door structure. Just on outside entrance doors it is undesirable to install the device due to negative impact characteristic fluctuations in atmospheric temperature.

The fact is that the smoothness of the spring control lever provides a variable flow of engine oil from one cavity to another. And it becomes more viscous and thick in frosts, and more liquid in the heat. Therefore, due to temperature fluctuations, the operation of the device will have to be adjusted more often than indicated by the manufacturer, which ultimately reduces the working life of the system.

You can choose from three common mounting schemes:

The standard setting predetermines the fixation of the main working body on the canvas. The lever with this arrangement is attached to the lintel of the door frame.
The upper scheme dictates the fastening of the mechanism on the lintel - the upper box beam, and the lever shoe is screwed to the door leaf.
Parallel arrangement is similar to the standard version, but the lever is not mounted perpendicularly, but in parallel with the mounting bracket.

The installation scheme of the door closer depends on the location of the hinges. That is, from the direction of movement of the canvas when opening / closing. If the door is opened "on itself", then the installation of the device is carried out as standard on the canvas, and the lever is attached to the box beam. The option "on your own" obviously involves the upper fastening of the device to the lintel with the fixation of the lever on the canvas.

There are also non-standard cases, such as, for example, insufficient height of the door clearance. But cunning developers have found a way out of constructively difficult situations by offering home and professional craftsmen mounting brackets and plates.

Installation of a door closer in such cases is carried out according to parallel circuit two ways:

the lever is fixed in parallel by placing its shoe on the mounting bracket fixed on the box;
the main body of the closer is attached to the box beam using a mounting plate.

Briefly about guide rail closers

Devices with a sliding arm attract with an optimized design that practically does not disturb the decor of the interior. Among the advantages is the ability to upgrade the device with an electromagnetic lock or a fire alarm. Such closers function with great effort, and there is no way to control their work, but equipping with an elastic limiter-insert will allow you to set the required opening angle of the sash. Most modifications are installed according to schemes similar to the perpendicular version described above. But universal models with sliding channel traction can be mounted on both sides.

Attention. The installation of channel (slider) closers from the side, the reverse side of the location of the door hinges, dictates the equipment of the device with a door leaf opening angle limiter. It can be replaced by a specialized stopper built into the slider.

Door closer installation algorithm

After deliberately choosing the right location and determining the scheme, further actions are performed in an almost identical sequence:

we apply the template included in the package and glue it with adhesive tape to the installation site;
through the “kern” points indicated by the manufacturer, the places of future holes for fasteners, there should be 2 for the lever and 4 for the device;
it is advisable to drill mounting holes in advance;
we fix the lever first, followed by the body;
After fixing the device and the lever, we will install the second half of the rod on the axis of the closer and perform an adjustment in length. The lever must be strictly perpendicular to the closed door leaf.

Attention. The adjusting screws should be directed towards the hinge bar of the box.

fasteners in complete set attached by the manufacturer, you do not need to buy or change it to other hardware. It is important not to deviate one iota from the instructions, and success is guaranteed.

Structural adjustment

After connecting the thrust and the main working body into a single mechanism, it remains to find out how to adjust the door closer. This procedure is usually carried out by adjusting two adjustment screws. Two screws are needed in order to set the speed of the web in two modes:

by the position of the first screw we set the closing speed in the range of 180-15º;
with the second screw we “program” the speed in the range of 15-0º.

The required speed is set by turning the screws along and against the thread. You probably won't have to do more than one turn.

Attention. You can not adjust the speed of the canvas too hard. Two turns will lead to leakage, loss of the screw with oil leakage.

If the door was equipped with closers with additional functions, such as:

BC (abbreviation BackCheck) - a damper that resists too sharp efforts in the range of 70-110º;
FOP (from Hold-Open) - blade lock in the open position;
DC (in abbreviation Delayed Closing) - a prolonged moment of movement in the zone 110-70º,

After making sure that the speed characteristics meet the desires, and the movement ends with the required “click” or “boost”, we close the axis of the closer with a decorative cap.

Now the work can be considered completed and you can start using the automatically closing door. The closing mechanism will function properly if children do not swing on the doors, if the normal operation of the closer is not interfered with by supporting devices and unreasonable hands, always striving to slam or slow down. Subject to the rules of operation, the device will last a long time.

Installation on the door leaf of a simple device that fully closes the sash autonomously and smoothly is completed. So for the high-quality operation of the device, you need to know how to adjust the door closer.

Features of using the design

Floor cloth closer

Virtually all modern door blocks equipped with such simple devices as a door closer. Typical special designs allow visitors to relieve unnecessary anxiety of tightly covering the door leaf behind them, and save comfortable atmosphere behind an autonomously closed door to the room from the street. When using closers, the sash will not abruptly slam behind the guest, but will smoothly cover itself without unnecessary harsh sounds.

Closers cannot be considered as an excess of luxury, because thanks to its activity, the operational life of the quality work of door hinges and accessories is extended. The closer allows the component elements of the door block to wear out less.

Before purchasing a device that covers the door leaf, the system is selected for certain parameters of the door leaf. When buying, some basic nuances are taken into account:

Beyond the condition correct installation closing mechanism, for the normal functioning of the system, it is worth knowing the intricacies of regulating this very mechanism, so as not to subsequently repair the door closer. The process of adjusting the device for automatic mechanical closing of the sash is not presented challenging task. It is permissible to make adjustments on your own without adhering to outside help and calling experts.

The need to use door closers is dictated by functional and rather practical reasons:

Mechanisms provide smooth closing of any door leaf, regardless of its weight;
Devices set the speed of opening and closing the sash in different areas;
Closers in a certain way regulate the efforts made by a person to open the door leaf;
The system covering the sash is able to protect the coolness or heat stored in the room;
Locking devices with a built-in hold open function make it possible to fix the door in the open state without placing locking objects under the sash (videos of a typical system are presented on many manufacturers' websites);
Mechanisms with the delay action function make it possible to leave the canvas open for a certain period of time (videos of the closers with a given function are presented on many websites of system manufacturers). After the time has elapsed, the canvas closes on its own in the usual specified mode. A typical function is convenient when using systems on doors in utility rooms, storerooms and other utility rooms, which allows, for example, to take out the load or bring it into the room.

Classification according to the method of installation

Closers can be mounted on input weighted door blocks, as well as on lightweight interior structures. This takes into account the width of the canvas and its weight, not forgetting to correctly configure the door closer before starting operation. The larger the door leaf in relation to the weight, the more powerful the cover device, endowed with reliable qualities, is needed. Most simple option to cover the sash is a spring, the activity of which is not adjustable, while it is quite noisy and sharp. Typical variant quite primitive and modern time few where it is used.

In fact, the entire list of door closers presented at the retail consumer market, it is permissible to classify with respect to the method of installation in place:

Models top installation. Installation of typical devices is carried out exclusively on the wall surface, door frame, door leaf and only the upper part of the location. Installation of typical systems is not at all difficult to do with one's own hands (videos of installation of covering mechanisms are presented on many repair sites and manufacturers' portals).
Concealed models: mounted inside doors;
Models floor mounting: The devices are designed exclusively for installation on floor surfaces or for recessing into the floor.

Instructions for adjusting different types

System adjustment

The ideal most simple option is a system in the base of which a spring works, enclosed in a sealed, plastic or metal body with oil content. The principle of operation of a typical device is quite simple:

When opening the canvas, a person makes certain efforts;
The applied forces are transferred to the door closer in a simple mechanical way;
When transferring forces, located in the body of the device, a spring is accumulated by compression;
The process of closing the sash is regulated by the return of the spring to its original position.

The principle of regulation of a typical system is available for the process to be carried out by its own with my own hands:

The tension force of the main working mechanism - the spring, can be adjusted with your own hands by turning the adjustment valve:

- turning the control valve to the left will facilitate the opening of the canvas;

- turn the valve to the right - it will complicate the opening of the sash, it will take more effort to open it.

It is worth remembering that the valves must not be turned more than a couple of turns. It is not recommended to help close the door with your own hands, as well as fix the canvas in the open state, if the closing device is not endowed with the hold open function.

The oil flowing from one side to the other during the movement of the web is responsible for the smooth closing of pneumatic devices, which sets the speed of the spring returning to its original position. The intensity of the oil flow rate in modern devices is produced by means of two installed valves (3 valves are installed in expensive systems).

The door closer is a necessary and useful invention. This is a mechanism that automatically closes doors and contributes to less wear on door hinges and fittings. Properly performed installation and timely adjustment of the door closer will guarantee its Good work And long term services.

Device Features

Almost all door closers, regardless of the manufacturer, have the following functions:

Sliding speed of the door leaf.
Closing smoothness.
The ability to keep the door open.

The sliding speed of the door leaf can be faster or slower. It is regulated by the degree of tension of the spring inside the device. It must be remembered that in no case should you pull the door, helping the closer. This will quickly disable him.

Dokhlop allows you to smoothly close the door, suspending the canvas just before closing itself. This function ensures silent operation of the door, eliminating loud noises. In addition, the door flap contributes to a tighter fit of the door leaf to the frame. The angle at which it will slow down before fully closing is usually in the range of 10-15 degrees. It can be adjusted when adjusting the closer.

Sometimes it becomes necessary to leave the door in the open position. A function called "hold open" helps with this. Thanks to her, the sash can remain open long time. When the door is fully opened, a latch is activated in the device, which will hold the canvas in this position. To close the door, you just need to pull it slightly towards you. The lock will release and it will close smoothly. If the door is not fully opened, it will operate normally.

How to adjust the door closer with your own hands for each individual function is described below.

When to Adjust

Adjustment of the closer must be carried out when the seasons change. Since this is a mechanical device, for its correct operation oil is used, which changes its physical characteristics depending on air temperature. With its increase, the viscosity of the working fluid decreases, and as the temperature drops, the oil thickens. Therefore, in the first case, the door will open too easily, and in the second, significant efforts will be required. Therefore, in spring and autumn, you need to adjust the operation of the door closer mechanism.

In addition, the adjustment of the door closer is carried out in the event that there are problems in closing the door. They can be expressed as follows:

too fast or slow closing;
the door moves abruptly or with jerks;
the canvas is not attracted to the frame for a long time.

How to adjust the closer correctly

Adjusting the door closer comes down to setting the operation of the valves inside the device, which act as a thermal damper. With their help, with changes in external temperature, the degree of increase or decrease in oil viscosity is compensated.

Adjusting the door closer with your own hands is not difficult. All you need is a screwdriver and knowledge of the setup process. Before proceeding with it, visual inspection doors and check their operation. This is necessary to identify violations in the work and their subsequent correction.

Adjustment is made with screws. In some device models, they are hidden under a protective cover that needs to be pushed back. In others, they are not hidden by anything and are located on the side of the device panel. For ease of adjustment, the screws are numbered 1 and 2. The first affects the overall closing speed, the second affects the strength of the cotton.

DIY adjustment instructions

The closing speed of the sash is changed by screw number one. Turning counterclockwise speeds it up. By turning the screw clockwise, the movement of the sash slows down.

The strength of the pop is the range in which the door begins to slow down before fully closing. If there is a problem with the catch, then you need to turn screw number two. By turning it clockwise, you can slow down the speed of the clap. Turning the screw in the other direction, counterclockwise, on the contrary, will increase its strength.

To set the function that holds the door open, you need to fully open it, and then tighten the special lock. After that, the door will remain open if you open it at an angle corresponding to a given degree.

When adjusting the closer, follow the instructions given in the accompanying instructions for the device. Always remember that in order to avoid damage to the device, do not turn the screws more than two turns from zero.

Periodically inspecting the door closer and adjusting it, if necessary, with your own hands, you will extend the life of the device and ensure comfort when using the door.

The door closer, like many other devices, requires regular and thorough maintenance. The constant loads associated with the daily opening and closing cycles create an imbalance in the nodes of this device. You can fix such troubles yourself. On the request “how to adjust the video closer”, you will find the desired video. The article will tell you the rest.

To imagine how to adjust the door closer, you should get acquainted with their types and features.

Advantages		disadvantages
	In this system, the pinion and toothed piston are in constant mesh. In this case, the piston moves along the axis when the blade rotates. At the moment of its opening, the lever of the structure moves along an arc. When the gear shaft rotates, the piston moves horizontally and compresses the spring. Releasing opens the spring, which pushes the piston in the other direction, and the structure closes.
	In this case, the sliding guide is located on the surface of the opening frame or on the canvas, there is no shoulder for optimal force transfer, which does not allow the force process to proceed favorably. Modern designs have a cam located between two pistons: brake and opening. When opened, the cam evenly compresses the spring through the piston. Opening the spring moves the opening piston back, the cam returns to its initial position, and the brake element holds the door.
	The installation of such modifications should be taken into account at the design stage. Due to the lack of a lever mechanism, such closers have a large torque on the axis, which requires the installation of a more powerful structure. The force lock roller reliably ensures the synchronization of the door leaf and hydraulics.
	The device has an internal mechanism that serves as a shock absorber. When closing, the hinges prevent the leaf from hitting the door frame and ensure smooth movement of the opening. This greatly reduces the chance of injury and reduces the load on the door.
	In this design, there are protruding spring-loaded pins, which can be hooked on and then break the mechanism. To prevent this from happening, you need to place the product at the highest points. However, this may reduce the strength of the structure.

When to adjust the closer

The correct operation of the device depends on its proper maintenance.

For this:

It is necessary to conduct an inspection at least once every six months, especially when the seasons change.
Minor damage should be repaired immediately. It can be:

Hard work of the opening mechanism.
Too fast opening.
Sharp, with jerks, their opening, or vice versa - too tight.
Slow web movement.

Tip: If the closer is broken, the mechanism needs repair, the price of which can be significant.

Adjustment of closers is carried out during the installation of devices (see Installing a door closer with your own hands), and during their operation. Due to the downgrade outdoor temperature, the viscosity of the oil that is used in the fixture increases, which can lead to a decrease in the speed of closing the door. It requires additional adjustment input equipment with the onset of winter.
The frequency of adjustment of the closer is affected by the duration of its previous operation, the weight of the canvas, the frequency of movement through the opening.
The closing mechanism must be adjusted 2-3 times a year.

Operating rules

When operating closers, it is necessary to follow very simple and understandable rules.

The devices do not have various anti-vandal mechanisms, which requires very careful and rather delicate handling. After choosing a door closer, you need to make sure that its characteristics correspond to the conditions where the device will be installed.

Wherein:

Closers by class are divided from small - EN1 to large - EN7. This indicator is taken into account when choosing a device. Classes depend on the mass of the closer itself and inertia: the weight and size of the blade arm. For example, a device rated for a web weight of 40 kg (EN1) will not be able to close metal door, whose weight is 120 kg (EN7).
Do not assist the device in operation.
Do not leave the door leaf open if the mechanism does not have a locking function.
Do not unnecessarily turn the adjusting screws installed on the valves.
It is necessary to coordinate with the seller of the equipment left or right opening.

Closer adjustment

Before adjusting the door closer, you must have:

Pliers.
Wrenches.
Screwdriver.

According to the instructions attached to the product, you can make adjustments to the device with your own hands. Several functions available in the movement can be adjusted simple methods. And how to adjust the closer, the video will tell.

Travel speed adjustment

The work of the closer is similar to the work of an automobile shock absorber.

Wherein:

The man, with some effort, opens the door.
With this force, through the built-in system of levers, the power spring of the closer is compressed.
The spring is charged, and when released, it begins to reverse.
The spring transfers its force to the rod or gear rack, which, through this system of levers, tries to return the structure to its original position.
The rod, moving in an oily environment, conducts the composition through the jets.
Due to the hydraulic resistance of the jets, the oil prevents the movement of the stem.
The spring continues to push the rod with force, and the door begins to close at a certain speed.
To change the speed, the cross section of the jet, which passes oil, decreases or increases.

To change the speed in the devices, an adjusting screw is installed. In the photo below, it is marked with the icon "C".

Turning the screw changes the door closing speed. This is how the Diplomat door closer is adjusted. Its adjustment screws are located on the end of the device. In this case, the speed of movement of the leaf can be changed in the range of door opening from 15° to 180°.

Tip: Adjusting the closing speed should be done very carefully. If the adjusting screw is completely turned out, the system will be depressurized and oil will leak. The driver will fail.

Adjusting the speed of closing the door should be carried out regularly, at least every six months. This is necessary for preventive purposes, and due to a possible change physical and chemical properties oils. To better imagine the process, you should watch the video in this article.

Dohlop installation

Such a function as a catch is very relevant. This adjustment is especially important for door designs with soft seals, combination and magnetic locks. What and how to do will tell the video.

It is very important for such doors how the moment of their closing occurs. The range of movement of the web is in the range from 0° to 15°. In this range, the canvas should close slowly and reliably enough.

Tip: Do not allow an increase in the dynamic load on the mechanism, or incomplete closing of the door.

To adjust the door closers, a screw for adjusting the latching is provided. When it rotates, the characteristics of the movement of the web will change in the range of 15 °.

Screws for adjusting the speed and rebound are located on the panel next to the product.

The end screw, as well as speed adjustment, requires great care when working with it.

Adjustment of the closing should be carried out only after the debugging of the speed of the doors. By turning the adjusting screw clockwise, you can reduce the speed, and against it, you can increase it.

Tip: To avoid technical problems, do not make more than two turns of the screw counterclockwise.

Adjustment of the open position of the door

There are times when the door needs to be kept open for a long time. open form. In this case, you need to know how to properly adjust the door closer so that the opening is open.

The mechanisms have a hold open function when the doors are open. Its adjustment is carried out with the door open at 90 °, by tightening the latch.

Thereafter:

The doors remain open when they are opened to the desired degree.
The device triggers a latch that holds the door in the open position for the required period of time.

To close the door, just pull it slightly towards you, and the fixation will be removed.
With incomplete plowing, the canvas moves in the normal mode without delay.
The spring tension is set by the adjusting nut.
By turning it clockwise, you can increase the opening angle of the door. And turning it counterclockwise increases the effort to move the door leaf.

Device models are available with an additional hold-open function that allows you to lock the door at an angle of 90 ° to 100 ° on certain time, for airing the room or for other purposes.

For each type of door, it is necessary to choose the right door closer - the device and adjustment of all functions of the device must be carried out as recommended by the operating instructions. Installing the device on the door reduces the load on the hinges when moving the canvas.