Inedible berries. How to teach a child to distinguish edible forest berries from poisonous

Being in extreme situations to maintain strength, it is necessary to use all possible sources of nutrition, including plants. Plants are an excellent source nutrients that will help you survive.

There are about 300,000 plant species on the planet. About 120,000 of them are edible. About 2000 edible plants grow on the territory of Russia.

In ancient times, people knew very well which plants were edible and which were poisonous. This skill is very important in extreme situations. Plants and fruits contain a lot of nutrients that can help in extreme situations. Some fruits can act as an energy drink, and some can stimulate the body. Roots, bulbs, shoots, stems, fruits can be used as food.

edible plants

Many parts of plants can be eaten.
Rhizomes and tubers. Tubers and roots of such plants as cattail, almond, plantain, forest fern, chicory, sorrel, white and water lily are excellent for eating.
In food, you can eat plant shoots: rhubarb, white line, sugar cane, fan palm, bracken.

The leaves of such plants as dandelion, sorrel, nettle, willow-herb, burdock are considered edible.
In addition, you can eat flowers of plants: wild rose, horse sorrel, chamomile, clover, dandelion, acacia, birch, willow.

Some types of plants can be used as a cure for scurvy, which is very important for survival. To do this, you need to use plants containing vitamin C. Spruce needles are ideal for this.

Many plants can easily replace leafy vegetables from our regular diet:
Dandelion is a plant that is completely edible. Leaves and roots can be consumed raw. If crushed and roasted, the root can be used like coffee.
- Mother and stepmother. Leaves and shoots are eaten.
- Clover. Stems and leaves can be used in salads.
- Nettle. After soaking the leaves in boiling water for 5 minutes, they can be used in salads. They are also used in soups.

edible fruits

On the territory of Russia you can meet a large number of shrubs and trees with edible fruits.
Blueberry. It grows in most of Russia. Can be found in pine forests, broad-leaved and spruce forests, in marshy places. Blueberry height 10-50 cm.
Cowberry. Shrub 15-20 cm high. Grows throughout Russia. Prefers spruce and pine forests. The berries ripen in August - September.
Blackberry. It is found in almost all parts of Russia. It grows along the banks of rivers, in flood meadows. The bush is covered with thorns.
Blueberry. The shrub can reach 1 m. In appearance, blueberries are similar to blueberries. Has a large habitat. Can be found in wetlands, dry areas, and mountains. It grows in the European part of Russia, the Far East, the Urals, the Caucasus.
Juniper. A small treelike shrub. Grows in the forest zone of Russia.
Cranberry. Distributed in the forest zone of Russia. Grows in swamps, wetlands.
Rowan. Widely distributed throughout Europe. The fruits are rich in vitamins.
In addition to the above, sea buckthorn, bird cherry, stone berries, wild currants, strawberries, and raspberries will help replenish strength.

Poisonous plants and herbs

There are a considerable number of plants that are considered poisonous and can harm your health, and sometimes lead to death. Umbrella plants should be avoided: ash, foxglove, milestones. Flowering umbrellas are especially poisonous and should not be taken with bare hands.
Also considered poisonous are:
- dope
- henbane
– buttercups
- spurge
- bindweed
- foxglove
– hydrangea
- castor beans

poisonous fruits

Some types of berries should also be avoided:
- raven eye
- wolf's bark
- nightshade red
- lily of the valley
– belladonna
- marsh calla
- euonymus
- spiked crow

How to determine which berries are edible

Never eat unfamiliar plants and their fruits. If you find yourself in a hopeless situation, then there are signs that are likely to help distinguish edible plants from inedible ones:
- edible plants usually grow in large clusters;
- in most cases, edible berries on the handle of the berry branch have one fruit;
- if plants secrete milky juice, then you should not eat it;
- most aquatic vegetation is edible;
- you can eat most of the fruits of shrubs growing on peat bogs;
- an edible fruit or not can be recognized by bird droppings, if it contains seeds or peels, then such fruits can be used as food.

Edible plants can be determined empirically. Rub a small amount of an unknown plant between your fingers. If after 15 minutes there is no reaction, put it on the elbow. If there is no reaction after 15-20 minutes, place the plant between your lips. If within 15-20 minutes there is no irritation or burning, then take a small part of the plant in your mouth and chew without swallowing. If after 15-20 minutes there is no burning, bitter taste, then swallow it. If after 15-20 minutes there is no nausea, dizziness or other signs of poisoning, then you can use a small amount of the plant for food. If the next day there is no deterioration in health, then such a plant can be used for food.

Hello dear reader!

July, and especially August, is the season for a wide variety of wild berries. Strawberries and blueberries, currants, bird cherry, raspberries, and closer to autumn - lingonberries. Yes, and others ... You just need to remember that there are poisonous berries in our forest! Let them not be many, but poisonous berries need to know. And it is especially important that children know them well!

All sorts of ratings and TOPs are now in vogue. Well, I will also present a kind of TOP of poisonous berries. The criteria are simple - the poisonousness of the plant and its prevalence and accessibility for those who can, most often accidentally, out of ignorance, poison them. Well, let's get started...

It is a common inhabitant of deciduous and mixed coniferous-deciduous forests. Occurs very often. The appearance of the plant is peculiar, it is almost impossible to confuse it with another. A whorled arrangement of leaves, a single flower, and then a fruit, which is alone at the top of the stem.

The whole plant is poisonous - both leaves and rhizome. But the berries of the crow's eye are especially poisonous. Large, black, shiny, it really resembles the eye of a crow. And very attractive, especially for children. But the crow's eye berry is deadly! The substance paristifin from the group of saponins causes convulsions, disrupts the work of the heart. Which can stop!

In folk medicine, there are a number of recipes using the crow's eye for the treatment of certain diseases. However, you need to know:
Due to its extreme danger, the use of the crow's eye for any medical purposes forbidden!

Out of curiosity, "berries" can be enjoyed by children. In case of poisoning, urgent health care! Children from an early age need to be introduced to this plant and explained that in no case should it be touched.

Wolf's bast (wolfberry)

About this interesting forest shrub. Very beautiful in spring, the wolf's bast is very attractive in August, when its large red berries ripen. However, the whole plant - and leaves, and bark, and fruits - is poisonous!

It should not even be picked up in order to avoid skin burns. Especially - to taste the berries. The result will be severe damage to the gastrointestinal tract.

Wolfberry, or wolf's bast

Wolfberry is a medicinal plant. It is widely used in folk medicine. Yes, and the modern pharmacopoeia is interested in this plant! But this does not mean at all that nature lovers should be “interested” in them (only through the camera!). And even more so, children should be warned about the danger of a wolf's bark!

May lily of the valley

Dangerous and such a very beloved plant, like lily of the valley!

May lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis) is the only representative of the lily-of-the-valley genus of the lily family (however, taxonomy issues here are also quite controversial and are constantly being refined).

Lily of the valley is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, but especially in Europe. True, due to immoderate fees, the natural habitats of this beautiful plant are constantly shrinking. However, lily of the valley has long been a garden plant.

It is a perennial with a thin creeping rhizome. There are several leaves in the rosette, but the lower ones are very small and inconspicuous, similar to scales. But two large broadly lanceolate leaves with arcuate venation are hard to miss (and confuse with the leaves of another plant). A flower-bearing stem grows between the leaves, bearing a brush of graceful fragrant flowers.

Many years ago, the author came across a small clearing (ten by fifteen meters) in the forest, the grass cover of which consisted almost entirely of lily of the valley leaves! True, it was already the second half of July, and flowering had long ended. it is not for nothing that it is called May, it blooms in May - early June.

Lily of the valley is not only an excellent ornamental, but also a recognized medicinal plant. Recognized not only by folk, but also by official medicine. Preparations from lily of the valley treat the cardiovascular system. Main active substances- glycosides convalatoxin, convallotoxol, convalloside. They are obtained from the leaves and flowers of the plant.

But an overdose of the drug can lead to disruption of the heart! Therefore, you should never self-medicate - it is very dangerous!

You can get poisoned just out of curiosity - by tasting beautiful red berries! Especially often this happens again with children! But for the fruits of the lily of the valley it is not necessary to go to the forest. And yes, it's rare! They are common in our flower beds!

Lily of the valley berries (photo from the Internet)

By the way, it’s also not worth collecting large bouquets of lily of the valley in the spring, putting them in a vase in a room is also not worth it - a large amount of substances released into the air is by no means safe for health.

Voronets spiked. Voronet krasnoplodny

Voronets spiky is a perennial herbaceous plant from the buttercup family. As you can see in the photo, it has large compound leaves with leaflets serrated along the edges. It grows in shady forests - broad-leaved, mixed, coniferous-small-leaved. In such a secondary spruce-birch-aspen forest with an undergrowth of currants and raspberries. With a developed grass cover, I discovered it. The range of the spiky crow is almost the whole of Europe, the south of the forest zone Western Siberia and Altai.

The whole plant is poisonous! After all, his organs contain a whole set of alkaloids and transaconitic acid. Even juice that gets on the skin can cause burning and blisters. Berries are no exception. Adults can use them out of curiosity and out of ignorance. But above all, children suffer again! But even two or three berries for a child is a significant dose!

True, the plant itself warns of its danger. Its smell is very unpleasant!

Like many poisonous plants, it is used folk medicine. Official medicine does not recognize him!

From the berries of the crow, black dye was obtained for dyeing wool.

A close relative of the spiked crow is the red-fruited crow. But if he is an inhabitant of Europe, and in Siberia it is already becoming rare, then the red-fruited raven widely populates the forest zone in the Far East, in Eastern and Western Siberia. It is also found in the north of the European part.

Voronets krasnoplodny (photo from the Internet)

In appearance, it is similar to a relative, differing primarily in the color of the fruits - they are red.

Too strong poisonous plant! The high amount of alkaloids found in all organs of the plant make it potentially dangerous for the curious berry lover!

Although this crow "nobly" warns about itself with a smell so characteristic that it was named "skunk".

The plant is widely used in folk medicine. However, remember:

You need to be treated by specialists! Self-treatment is dangerous, because it can very easily turn into its direct opposite. And such a “treatment” with poisonous plants is especially dangerous!

The fruits of the black crow were also used to obtain black paint. Hence, by the way, the name. After all, “crow” just means “black”.

The whole plant is highly poisonous. Its constituent alkaloids of the atropine group can cause very severe poisoning. The result can even be fatal due to paralysis of the respiratory system and cardiac arrest.

Belladonna (photo from the Internet)

Its range is beech and hornbeam forests of Central and of Eastern Europe, Mediterranean, Crimea, Caucasus, Asia Minor, North Africa. IN Krasnodar Territory grown on plantations (for medicinal purposes). Although the plant is very poisonous, meet it in vivo most people in Russia are unlikely to have to. Although, of course, you need to know it! Therefore, in my rating of poisonous berries, its place is by no means the highest.

By the way, “Belladonna” in Italian means “beautiful woman”. Yes and Russian name consonant. And this is due to the fact that the juice of the plant was instilled into the eyes to dilate the pupils and rubbed their cheeks to enhance the blush. Beauty truly requires sacrifice!

In thickets of shrubs, along the banks of water bodies, along wastelands in the European part of Russia, Western and Eastern Siberia, in Ukraine and Belarus, bittersweet nightshade is often found.

Its flowers are similar to those of other nightshades, especially potatoes. Oblong red berries are very reminiscent of small tomatoes.

Medicinal plant, very widely used in folk medicine and homeopathy. However, nightshade leaves and berries are poisonous! They should be treated by a specialist!

You should not eat berries (for the sake of curiosity). The glycoside dulcamarine contained in them acts like atropine, causing disturbances in the central nervous system, respiration and heart function.

In addition to very poisonous berries, carrying great danger even if they are accidentally consumed, there are berries in our forests ... not that poisonous, but simply inedible. There will be no severe poisoning when using them. But trouble is almost certainly guaranteed! In my TOP of poisonous berries, these plants, of course, will occupy the last places.

The fruits ripen in August. These are black drupes, sitting on cuttings in the axils of the leaves. Buckthorn fruits and bark are medicinal raw materials. They are used in traditional medicine as an emetic and laxative ( official medicine recognizes only the bark).

The fruits are readily eaten by birds. In humans, their use can cause unpleasant consequences caused precisely by their medical properties - that is, vomiting and diarrhea (diarrhea).

Widespread forest shrub with very attractive-looking red berries, sitting mostly in pairs (that's how - in pairs - its flowers sit on the plant). Forest honeysuckle is widely used in landscaping as an ornamental shrub.

Berries are eagerly pecked by birds. For humans, they are inedible, and the consequences can be similar to the consequences of eating buckthorn.

In Eastern Siberia, in the Far East, forest honeysuckle is replaced in nature by a similar species, but already with oblong blue berries covered with a wax coating. These fruits are edible. And the shrub was called edible honeysuckle. It is widely cultivated, often planted in gardens and parks. Sometimes it can get wild. The seeds of edible honeysuckle spread by birds can also make an “escape to nature”!

In general, you need to remember a simple rule. In nature, you should never "taste" anything you are not familiar with! This applies to plants almost more than anything else. After all, they contain many substances, the presence of which in your body, and even in significant concentrations, can be very undesirable! So poisonous berries may well get caught.

You should also not self-medicate. I would especially not recommend using recipes from the Internet! If you want to turn to traditional medicine, then it's better to find a grandmother who "knows".

That's about all I have for today. And without that, I am writing a short post ... the third day. Not in a blogging way...

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59 comments on “ Poisonous berries. TOP dangerous berries of our forest”

Alexander Ivanovich
Hello, Alexander!
I read the article with interest. I know almost all these plants by sight. Yes, and I do not neglect the rule
But I will definitely show these dangerous inhabitants of the forests to my grandchildren. They often go to forest areas with their parents.
Thanks for the great article!

Reply ↓
blacksmiths
Alexander, I once foolishly ate bearberry in the Kich-Gorodets region. It even seemed delicious to me. Then he vomited all evening.

Reply ↓
Alexander
@ : Alexander Ivanovich, hello! Glad to see you on my blog! Absolutely right, it must be shown.

Reply ↓
Alexander
@ : Alexander, hello! You are, of course, absolutely right. Bearberry is a berry, although not poisonous, but not edible. So she will find a place in my TOP ...
Unfortunately, it doesn't work for me. There is a lot of it in the Ostashevsk forests. But you won’t turn back there quickly ... Bearberry is a very good medicinal plant. Yes, and its features are very interesting. I just don’t really want to write an article with “borrowed” photographs. Maybe we'll meet again in the woods.

Reply ↓
Olga Bogach
A much needed article! Children who grew up in the city do not know what can and cannot be eaten in the forest. Yes, and in cities there are bushes with pretty berries, from which there are poisonings. As a child, my daughter tried berries from a bush, it’s good that she didn’t get poisoned much, she didn’t have to go to the doctor.

Reply ↓
Natabul
I didn’t even know that so many poisonous berries exist. But I know one rule: There is nothing in the forest!

Reply ↓
Igor
Alexander, thank you very much for the article. As an avid mushroom picker and berry picker, such an article will be very useful to me. In nature, we often met the raven eye, honeysuckle. Lily of the valley in the south.
So we have one poisonous berry in the forest, which everyone bypasses. Honestly, I did not find it in your TOP. We call her "wolf's bast"
Here is the image
or here
What is this berry?
We have one friend she was very poisoned. Went to the forest. Well, there is nothing, he says: no lingonberries, no blueberries ... nothing. She take and eat these berries. In general, it was great food poisoning. Fell into a coma. But then somehow she got out.
Now I don't go to the forest at all. Honestly, I don’t understand why, it’s so cool there!

Reply ↓
Alexander
@ : Hello Olga! That's right, in childhood, adults explained such things to us in passing - you can’t eat this, this ...
As for the various berries in the city, nothing should be eaten there. Even obviously edible. Plants take in a lot of air from the air. harmful substances. And even they accumulate. The main goal of landscaping is to purify the air. And plants select those that can withstand this polluted air.

Reply ↓
Alexander
@ : Well, there aren't many poisonous berries in the forest... But they are. And why not eat in the forest, say, strawberries, blueberries or raspberries? Yes to health! You can not taste unfamiliar berries!

Reply ↓
Alexander
@ : Hello, Igor! I had to tinker a little with the publication of your comment, and still only one link passed, and that was changed (closed from indexing). The second, even closed, turns out to be a bat. Therefore, removed. Although both were opened from the admin panel.
Essentially. Not quite, however, I understood how your friend could be poisoned at the same time by two completely different plants? In the first picture, undoubtedly, arctous is a plant of the heather family, close to bearberry, common in the tundra. Judging by the information that I found - inedible or inedible, but not poisonous. Like our forest bearberry.
I haven't been able to pinpoint the plant in the second picture yet. This photo roams the Internet from site to site, one and the same, apparently. With signatures like "wolf's bast", "wolfberry". But this is not a wolf's bast (it is also a wolfberry)! The only thing these plants have in common is the color of the berries! Agree, this is not enough! Thus, it turns out that in the language of the military is called "disinformation" (that is, disinformation). In the case of poisonous plants - and the wolf's bark is very poisonous! — such disinformation is not safe, alas. That's why I wanted to post that photo.
Perhaps I will do this when I can still accurately identify the plant.
From the photograph it is difficult to judge what is all the same life form plants - what is it: a herbaceous plant, a lingonberry-type shrub or shrub. If you have seen him in nature, please write.
But most of all it looks like some kind of honeysuckle. And by the leaves, by their location. And by fruit.

Reply ↓
Alexander
By the way, it is possible to fall into a coma after eating berries. Provided that a person is allergic to them. Unfortunately, sometimes he may not be aware of this! There are people who have an allergic reaction to raspberries, strawberries, etc. But, alas, it can take place not only in the form of red spots on the skin ... Maybe even anaphylactic shock, but this is fraught with the most serious consequences. So your friend, Igor, should probably consult an allergist.

Reply ↓
Svetlana
Why do some people eat nightshade? I know those. We have a lot of it. Maybe it can be of several types?

Reply ↓
Alexander
@ : Hello Svetlana! There is another nightshade - black. Here you can eat its berries, they are also used as a filling for pies. But only ripe berries, black, are suitable for food. The unripe, as well as the leaves, stems of the plant contain the poisonous alkaloid soladinin. Black nightshade has white flowers, not the purple ones of bittersweet.

Reply ↓
Igor
@ :
I don’t know, but this berry grows everywhere with us. People call it that. Unfortunately, I'm not a biologist, so I can't argue with you.
Low growing shrub. Grows in the forest everywhere. It grows on the hills 50 meters from my house. Often comes across with lingonberries. But it is easy to distinguish - the berries are soft. Not like a strong lingonberry. You press these - they will immediately crush. They will come out with white pulp. The size of a lingonberry. The shape is imperfectly spherical.
What else…
And as for the coma... You may be right - an allergy. It was a long time ago, it is difficult to verify this fact.

Reply ↓
Alexander
@ : Igor, thanks for the description. I'll try to find something in the literature. But I say that it looks like some kind of honeysuckle. And of our honeysuckles, only one is edible - with blue oblong berries, it is with Far East, but very widely settled by man. The rest are inedible.
And the plants in the photographs are really different ... I am writing about the second picture, the link to which I had to delete (it opens from the admin panel, after publication - “not found”). But this is definitely not a wolf's bast! There are a number of plants that have local name“wolf berries” (by the way, forest honeysuckle also has it!). And since the country is large, it is still difficult to deal with all the wolfberries. Yes, it's not the name. Just don't take a berry that you don't know for sure is edible! There are many perfectly edible mushrooms that we call grebes and never pick. And nothing bad happens to us. As they say, in this case it is better to overdo it ...

Reply ↓
Alexander
@ : If you mean the first picture (the link from your first comment opens) - this is arctous. creeping shrub distributed throughout the Arctic. Close to bearberry. And apparently, like her, inedible. However, I read that the Eskimos eat ... But it was still not an Eskimo who wrote it. Yes, and many plants that we will never eat now were often eaten by our grandparents (and my parents, too), for example, during the hungry war years

Reply ↓
Igor
Alexander, and you can make tree-like comments. Probably not only I get confused in the comments. Where is the answer, and where is the question, I understand only by meaning. It's very difficult to have a discussion.
Thanks.

Reply ↓
Alexandra Polina
I haven’t seen many of the listed berries - but you need to take note, you never know? In general, we try to follow the rule with the children - in the forest, don’t collect or eat anything you don’t know - for one edible berry - five dangerous ones come across.

Reply ↓
Alla
And we ate nightshade in childhood, only black. And alive, thank God. But belladonna... now I will know what it is, otherwise I only heard and read it.
In the forest, in general, I try not to take anything unfamiliar.

Reply ↓
Alexey
Interesting article! As a child, my father often showed me which berries were poisonous and which were not. Most often in the forests of the Tyumen region there is a crow's eye, less often - a wolfberry.

Reply ↓
Vadar
Nothing, there are so many poisonous berries in the forest! Thank you for introducing us to them!

Reply ↓
Anatoly
My parents took me with my brother of sizmalism to the forest. So in practice we have mastered the basic rule - If there is even a slight doubt, then it is better not to touch the plant. Be it berries, mushrooms, or flowers.

Reply ↓
Galina
Good night =)
Interesting article, yes. I planned to open a similar topic at my place, and tell there that in our forests it’s not worth pulling into your mouth (and indeed, touching it once again), but so far I don’t have time, and here the summer is already running out, now, if if I meet something dangerous in the forests, then I’ll write =) if, of course, I recognize plants =) because I’m still a botanist =)) and sometimes attentiveness is lame

Reply ↓
Alexey
The information is very instructive and the photos are a good visual accompaniment. Many have become very detached from nature. Therefore, poisoning occurs, because some poisonous berries look so appetizing.

Reply ↓
Dmitry
Familiar berries. From childhood, taught to pass by.

Reply ↓
Alexander
As a child, my friend and I ate some wolfberries, 10-15 pieces each, and nothing happened to us.
It was we who then thought that these were wolf berries, but now from the article with pictures I realized that it was “forest honeysuckle”))
We have a lot of crow's eye in the Urals, but as far as I remember, nightshade was dark in color. Toli blue or black. I also tried it))

Wild berries are in many ways different from domesticated berries, bred artificially. Of course, their most important difference is in the vitamin warehouse. None garden berry cannot boast of such a rich vitamin warehouse as even the smallest wild forest berry. But, not all "sweets" of forest edges and clearings are edible and harmless to people. Many berries are not only inedible, but even deadly for human body. So, let's try to figure out which wild flattering berries are edible and healthy for humans, and which are poisonous and harmful.

Inedible wild berries are dangerous to health

Nature is insidious and dangerous, and this applies, first of all, to some wild berries. In the world of berries, as well as in the world of mushrooms, the brightest and most attractive, in appearance, berries are the most dangerous and poisonous.

The list of berries dangerous to humans includes:

fruits" hemlock speckled",
"Raven Eye"
"Nightshade bittersweet",
berries of the tree "Arum",
"Wild grapes ",
mistletoe berries,
privet berries,
dope berries common,
euonymus berries,
castor beans,
wolfberry,
black nightshade berries,
"Voronets red-fruited",
"Snowberry white".

This is not the entire list of poisonous berries that you may encounter in the forest, but, nevertheless, the most dangerous ones are named. But even among this list of especially dangerous wild berries, there are those that are the most harmful to the human body, one might even say deadly.

"Whitehead speckled"- outwardly, these berries are small ovoid, as if slightly flattened from the sides. These berries are distinguished by their burning bad taste, when ingested, their burning-bitter taste practically burns the mouth and lips. Only 3-5 berries of this species can be fatal.

"raven eye"- the seemingly juicy blue-black berries of this species directly attract the eye. But these berries are deadly, it is enough for a person to eat only 5 pieces in order to get complete and irreversible paralysis of the whole body.

"Palena bittersweet" - bright red shiny berries, small size, juicy and fleshy, have an oval slightly elongated shape. They taste sweet and fragrant in smell, nothing portends trouble, but, alas, just a handful of these berries can cause a terrible rash, severe skin irritation, and in especially difficult cases, an allergic reaction can even lead to painful death.

Edible wild berries

Nature is better and smarter than people, and therefore creating poisonous berries, she awarded birds with the ability to distinguish them from edible berries. If you meet an unfamiliar berry in the forest, look closely at the fruits and the land around the bush or tree. If you see that these berries are to the taste of the birds (bite marks, bird droppings or berry peel, obviously eaten by someone will tell you about this), then they are also suitable for people to eat.

Edible flattering berries include:

bird cherry,
cowberry ,
blackberry,
blueberry ,
barberry,
mulberry (both black and white),
black elderberry,
blueberry ,
cloudberry,
juniper,
osseous,
dogwood,
sea buckthorn ,
cranberry ,
turn,
princess.

Russian forest! You cannot find other landscapes so rich in colors, tones, shades, as the forests of Russia. Proverbs, riddles are composed about the Russian forest, songs and poems are dedicated to it. How many works are dedicated to him by Russian artists and writers.

Its importance in human life cannot be underestimated. Forests protect water bodies from shallowing, fields from drying out. The forest is a rest from the noise and dust of city streets, coolness in the summer heat.

In addition, our forests are rich medicinal plants, mushrooms, berries. Residents of cities and towns in the season of collecting wild plants rush to forest glades, clearings.

But in addition to a wonderful pastime, nature is constantly testing a person. It is not enough to love her, admire her. It should be well known and understood. After all, many people know about cases of poisoning due to accidental consumption of poisonous edible plants.

In order not to spoil your mood, not to harm your health, let's talk today about forest plants with inedible fruits. Although the harvest season for most berries and fruits has already passed, this topic is very important. The winter months will quickly fly by, spring will end, summer will come, and we will again go to the forest for berries. But next time we will be more careful, we will learn to distinguish healthy edible forest fruits from poisonous ones. This is especially important for our children.

So, consider the most common forest plants with non-edible fruits in our forests:

hemlock spotted. The plant is one of the most toxic. Hemlock root is very reminiscent of appearance crap root. The smell is also very similar. The leaves of the plant look like leaves parsley, the seeds are sometimes mistaken for anise fruits.

The plant prefers to settle in wastelands, along roads, in forest ravines, in glades. Often it can be found in gardens, orchards. Hemlock contains toxic alkaloids, especially the coniine contained in the plant is especially dangerous.

Milestone poisonous (hemlock). The plant smells deliciously of carrots, however, the taste is the same. Its tubers look like turnips or turnips. The plant is large, its tubular stems can reach one and a half meters in height. Milestone poisonous grows along the banks of reservoirs, rivers, lakes, found in swampy meadows. And it can grow right in the water.

The plant is poisonous. It contains the strongest nerve poison - cicutotoxin.

Wolf's bast (daphne, wolfberry, wolfberry)- one of the most dangerous plants of the Russian forest. Moreover, the berries of this shrub are especially poisonous. But when in April the low daphne shrub blooms, you will admire! One wants to inhale the aroma of fragrant scarlet flowers, the smell of which resembles lilacs.

But the aroma is so capable of intoxicating that you can forget the way home! Thistle grows in a leafless forest, in clearings brightly lit by the sun.

The plant is poisonous without exception. Its bark contains the poisonous yellowish resin meserein. But the berries of the wolf's bast are the most dangerous.

Ten to fifteen pieces of berries eaten is a lethal dose for a person. In addition to meserein, the berries contain coccognin, which can cause very serious poisoning.

If a person is poisoned, he has a spasm, his pupils are dilated, he has lost consciousness, you should immediately clean his stomach, give him ice water to drink. After vomiting, solder with jelly, a decoction of flaxseed. After that, the patient should be urgently taken to the hospital.

It is children who most often suffer from wolf's bark. Out of ignorance, the berries can easily be mistaken for red currants. Therefore, explain to the children that berries are inedible, dangerous, and red currants do not grow in our forests.

May lily of the valley. A wonderful pretty plant is actively used in medicine. Drops prepared from the plant soothe, strengthen the heart. But lily of the valley is also a poisonous plant. Especially dangerous are its inedible red fruits, which are often seen in the August forest.

The plant has an intoxicating smell, as if warning: dangerous, do not come near.

raven eye- the grass is a close relative of the lily of the valley. The name of the plant was due to the black shiny berry at the tip of the stem. Always one fruit per whole low bush, black in color with a bluish veil.

Of course, the fruit of the plant is inedible. The plant contains the poisonous saponin parastiphin. The fruit damages the heart, the leaves have an antispasmodic effect, the root can cause vomiting.

Naturally, contact with the plant is unacceptable! Show it to the children, explain that the plant is very dangerous.

Voronets its appearance resembles an elderberry. The whole plant has toxic properties. The fruits of the crow are black or red, hanging in small tassels. They are inedible and can cause severe poisoning.

Walking through the forest, breathing in the fresh forest air, do not lose vigilance. Forest plants with inedible fruits can cause serious harm to health.

In addition to those listed, there are also fruits of the marsh calla (they are red, similar to the cob), bought officinalis with dark blue fruits, bittersweet nightshade growing between shrubs.

Be careful, protect children from contact with unfamiliar plants. Teach them to identify plants with inedible fruits. Remember, whoever can distinguish them is out of danger in the forest.

Svetlana,

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