Avocado leaves are covered with black spots. Drying avocado leaves

Family: Laurels (Lauraceae Juss).

Homeland: Central and South America Mexico, Argentina.

Bloom: rare in culture.

Growth: average.

Light: bright diffused, but not direct.

Temperature: in summer above room temperature, in winter not below 18-20°C.

Watering: plentiful in summer winter time water carefully, making sure upper layer the soil dried up between waterings.

Air humidity: high, frequent spraying is necessary especially in heating season.

Top dressing: during the growing season (spring-summer) - once every two weeks, during the dormant period (winter-autumn) - the plant is not fed.

Pruning: in spring, pinching young plants to increase bushiness.

rest period:(October - March), temperature 18-20°C, moderate watering, do not feed, good lighting is necessary.

Transfer: spring, young annually, adults as needed every 2-3 years.

Reproduction: spring seeds

There are three varieties of avocado: Mexican, Guatemalan, and West Indian. Their hybrids are known. Each variety is represented by several cultivars. The Mexican avocado has thin-skinned fruits, and the leaves smell like anise when crushed. This is a cold-resistant culture that feels good in the subtropics. The Guatemalan avocado has large, thick-skinned fruits; these trees are more capricious and less cold hardy. The most tender variety of avocado is the West Indian, cultivated mainly in the tropics.

Plant care:

Avocado as a plant is difficult to buy in flower shops. Therefore, you can grow it yourself from the bone. Avocado feels better in a bright place, from direct sunlight should be darkened. With free space and good lighting, you can achieve a certain decorative effect, but not flowering. In avocado culture, it blooms extremely rarely.

In spring and summer, avocados prefer high temperatures (above room temperature). In the autumn winter period favorable temperature is 18-20°C, when the temperature drops to 12°C, the plant may shed its leaves.

AT growing season(spring-summer) watered abundantly, after the top layer dries slightly. In the autumn-winter period, water moderately, a day or two after the top layer of the substrate dries.

Avocado prefers high humidity air. Therefore, frequent spraying is necessary, especially during the heating season with water at room temperature. To increase humidity, the plant can be placed on a pallet with wet moss, expanded clay or pebbles. In this case, the bottom of the pot should not touch the water.

In the period from spring to the end of summer, top dressing is required every two weeks with mineral and organic fertilizers, during the dormant period (winter-autumn) - the plant is not fed.

A young plant must be transplanted annually, and an adult after 2-3 years. The substrate is prepared from sod land, humus and sand (2:1:1).
Avocado grows very fast, it is better to grow it in a large dish, as it grows to large sizes.

Avocados are propagated in room culture by seeds (pits) and vegetatively by budding.

Possible difficulties:

The leaves begin to turn brown from the tips, and then entirely, and fly around, the plant becomes bare: The reason may be too dry air; during the heating season, frequent spraying with water at room temperature is necessary.

The leaves turn yellow and fly around: The cause may be a spider mite.

The color of the leaves is lost in the leaves, the leaves turn pale: The reason may be the lack of light. Adjust the lighting. If the plant is in shading for a long period, then it is necessary to accustom it to more light gradually. In winter, lighting with fluorescent lamps is desirable.

Dry brown leaf tips: The reason may be too dry indoor air or lack of watering.

Avocado is a tender and capricious plant that needs to be properly cared for. Otherwise, the plant will begin to take on an unnatural appearance, leaf fall and further wilting are possible.

It often happens that the avocado seems to be well looked after, and the plant grew healthy and strong for some time, and then, for some unknown reason, the leaves begin to dry out. What to do? Why is this happening? You need to know everything about this problem, otherwise it will not be possible to help your beloved plant!

Persea americana (avocado) naturally grows quite large. If the plant is planted in a small pot that compresses its roots and constrains it, some of the leaves begin to dry and fall off from time to time. In this case, you need to transplant the avocado into a larger container in advance to prevent the leaves from drying out and the partial drying of the crown.

Avocado leaves can dry out for other reasons. This may be wrong, or rather, insufficient lighting, which especially happens in winter and improper watering, which should be “out of necessity” and necessarily moderate. The sun should hit the plant as much as possible, and the water during irrigation should have only room temperature. The soil in which avocados grow should never be even partially dry, but it should not be too wet either.

The plant reacts strongly to the temperature in the room and especially to the humidity of the air. The temperature should not be too hot in summer and too cold in winter. But the humidity of the air surrounding the avocado should be high, only then the leaves of the plant will have saturated colors and will never dry out. To do this, you need to place moss or expanded clay in the tray of the pot in which the avocado grows, which should always be wet. Spray water regularly on top of the leaves and around the avocado.

In addition, avocados need to be fed periodically. The plant by nature has a rather impressive size, so it is natural that in artificial conditions many substances are not enough for him, the leaves, which gradually begin to dry, can testify to this.

If you do not comply with these elementary rules growing Perseus American, the plant may partially dry out, which will be evidenced by drying leaves. Usually, if the discomfort is not eliminated, the avocado grows sick and lethargic, its appearance and shape wish the best, and gradually drying from the leaves will pass to the trunk itself, which will certainly lead to the death of the plant.

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To avoid problems, you need to be able to recognize their cause and know some ways to get rid of them.

Avocado diseases

Common avocado disease leaf fall. If they fall from below, the problem most often lies in rotting roots or waterlogged soil.

Before falling off in this case, the leaves often grow moldy or turn black. It is necessary to try to reduce the humidity of the earth in which the plant is located.

Another reason - powdery mildew . This disease is a fungus. At the same time, the plant is covered with a snow-white and mold-like coating. First, the lower leaves acquire yellow and fall off, and new ones grow deformed. Then the plant gradually dies.

Powdery mildew appears from ignoring the rules of watering, that is, when waterlogging and insufficient watering. The risk of disease is high if the avocado is located on the balcony during the rainy season, provided the weather is cool.

Do not forget that the disease is easily transmitted from any infected plant.

Here's what to do with powdery mildew:

• replace the top layer of the earth;
• cut off damaged leaves;
• spray the leaves and trunk with a medicinal preparation (manganese, soda-soap, mustard solution, etc.).

If powdery mildew disappeared on its own, it does not mean that it will not appear again. Be sure to treat the plant so that signs of the fungus do not reappear.

Falling of the top leaves usually caused by their dryness. Even good watering provided, but the tops still turn yellow and fall off, the reason lies in insufficient watering. Moreover, it is necessary to water not only the earth itself, but also the entire surface of the plant. Don't forget to wash the leaves and trunk.

Sometimes leaf color seems lifeless. The leaves do not drastically change color, but only lose it. The problem is the lack of light. Take care of the good natural light.

The main causes of drying

Why Do Avocado Leaf Tips Dry? Usually, Leaves dry first. This is very dangerous for avocados, because gradually it can die.

What to do if avocado leaves dry? Provocateurs of dryness- low humidity and improper watering. To eliminate dry air, the room should be well ventilated. This is best done when the weather is wet outside.

Do not forget move the plant during airing. It is undesirable for him to experience the influence of wind and temperature changes.

Another way to increase humidity- take a regular container of water and put it near the pot.

Avocados do not always easily extract moisture from the air, so you can make it easier for him. For this wipe both the leaves and the trunk with a wet cloth.

The reason for the dryness of this plant can also be improperly selected fertilizers. If chemistry is present in top dressing, it will damage the roots. Try to use the most natural compounds for fertilizer purposes.

How do temperatures affect a plant?

A plant can also become ill with an incorrectly selected temperature regime.

If you do not indulge in avocado heat, the leaves will shrink. They will curl up, but they are unlikely to turn yellow. Perhaps their color will become darker. This position of the leaves is a sign of the "death" state of the avocado. When cold, growth slows down, and the life of the plant gradually fades away.

Even if the leaves have already curled up, the avocado can still be saved. To do this, you need to adjust the temperature in the room so that it is optimal (at least fifteen degrees). Do not try to heat the plant as much as possible, because it will suffer greatly from a sharp drop. It is better to increase the temperature gradually.

In no case do not place thermal appliances near the avocado. Even if you use them to warm the room, keep them away from the plant.

Too high temperatures also not the best effect on avocados. Especially if the air is dry. Heat is a provocateur of yellowing of the leaves and their dryness. From it, they become stiffer and smaller in size, that is, they shrink.

The best method of resuscitation- a gradual decrease in temperature and moderate watering. Do not try to flood the ground if the temperature is not lowered - you will achieve the opposite effect.

Avocados are often attacked by two pests - scale insect and spider mite. Their action is the same.

In order to destroy the shield effective soap solution. Needs to be dissolved in water tar soap and brush the leaves with the mixture.

To fight spider mite avermecatins are required. These drugs include Vermitek and Aktofit.

What needs attention

Many of these diseases are extremely rapidly progressing. So pay attention to the plant to avoid harmful consequences.

The sooner the problem is identified, the better the measures taken will help.

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Avocado dries if the wrong transplant was carried out. In this case we are talking about a transplant with a complete replacement of the soil, as a result of which the small roots of the root system of the flower are broken. They are involved in the process of water absorption. The plant is transplanted with a complete replacement of the substrate only if the latter is not suitable or a lot of salts have accumulated in it from watering with hard water. In all other cases, the plant is transferred from a slightly larger pot (the diameter of the pot should be 2-3 cm larger than the previous one).

If the avocado is transplanted and its leaves dry, proceed as follows: the plant is covered with a greenhouse. It may be ordinary plastic bag, but it should not touch the leaves. Under the greenhouse support high level air humidity by spraying. Reduce watering to a minimum, as the soil dries out slowly under the greenhouse. Do not put the plant in direct sunlight, otherwise the leaves under the polyethylene will get burned. The greenhouse is ventilated every day for a few minutes. It is recommended to add epin to the spraying water once a week.

The leaves dry if the avocado is poured. The plant does not like overdrying of the soil, but overflow is detrimental to it. Before the next watering, the substrate in the pot should dry out by 3-5 cm, depending on the volume of soil. Otherwise, the roots will start to rot. If the earth in a pot of avocados is constantly wet, you need to remove the earthen ball from the bowl without violating its integrity, wrap it with newsprint and put the plant under diffused light. Thus, the earth will quickly dry out, excess moisture will go away. The roots are inspected for rot. If there are rotten roots, they are carefully cut off, but they try not to violate the integrity of the earthy coma. The avocado is returned to the pot. Watering is reduced, once a week watered with root solution. They pay great attention to spraying, it is possible with epin.

Why do avocado leaves dry if the watering regime is normal? This may be due to a lack of light or hypothermia of the plant. Avocado loves a lot of diffused light, and therefore it is placed near windows with south side houses that have light tulle or slight shading. If there is little light, then the avocado dries. What to do? Rearrange in a bright place, but without direct sunlight, spray abundantly.

If the plant has fallen under a draft or has been frozen and begins to dry, it is necessary to normalize the temperature of the content, provide a normal level of illumination and be sure to place the flower under the greenhouse, as described above.

Why does avocado turn black?

An avocado turns black when its roots begin to rot.. This is the result of regular waterlogging of the flower or too much pot volume. In the latter case, the roots do not occupy the entire area provided to them, the substrate dries out very slowly. From an excess of moisture, the roots rot. What are they doing? Avocados are placed under a greenhouse (described above), watering is carried out very rarely. If the lump to the pot is very wet, it is carefully removed without violating its integrity, wrapped in paper and dried in this way for 2-3 days.

Leaves turn black if avocados do not like growing conditions. This may be a lack of light, low humidity, or the plant is cramped in its pot. last problem easy to define. It is necessary to remove the soil from the pot and if the lump is tightly braided with roots, a transplant is performed. The pot should be larger than the previous one by only 2-3 cm in diameter.

The leaves dry and turn black if the avocado is close to the battery in winter. There is very dry air, and therefore spraying is carried out. Ideal - 5 times a day, watered as the soil dries.