Cavitation for heating a house of 100 square meters. How to make a fuel-free hydrodynamic heat generator

For heating a private house and apartment, autonomous generators are often used. We propose to consider what an induction vortex heat generator is, its principle of operation, how to make a device with your own hands, as well as drawings of devices.

Description of the generator

Exist different types vortex heat generators, they are mainly distinguished by their shape. Previously, only tubular models were used, now round, asymmetric or oval ones are actively used. It should be noted that this small device can provide full heating system, and with the right approach, also hot water supply.

Photo - Mini vortex type heat generator

A vortex and hydrovortex heat generator is a mechanical device that separates the compressed gas from hot and cold streams. The air leaving the “hot” end can reach temperatures of 200 ° C, and from the cold end it can reach -50. It should be noted that the main advantage of such a generator is that it electrical device has no moving parts, everything is permanently fixed. Pipes are most often made of stainless alloy steel, which perfectly resists high temperatures and external destructive factors (pressure, corrosion, shock loads).

Photo - Vortex heat generator

The compressed gas is blown tangentially into the vortex chamber, after which it is accelerated to high speed rotation. Due to the conical nozzle at the end of the outlet pipe, only the "incoming" part of the compressed gas is allowed to move in a given direction. The rest is forced to return to the inner vortex, which is smaller in diameter than the outer one.

Where are vortex heat generators used:

1. in refrigeration units;
2. To provide heating for residential buildings;
3. For heating industrial premises;

It must be taken into account that the vortex gas and hydraulic generator has a lower efficiency than traditional air conditioning equipment. They are widely used for inexpensive spot cooling when compressed air is available from local network heating.

Video: study of vortex heat generators

Operating principle

There are various explanations for the causes of the vortex effect of rotation in the complete absence of motion and magnetic fields.

Photo - Scheme of a vortex heat generator

In this case, the gas acts as a body of revolution, due to its rapid movement inside the device. This operating principle is different from generally accepted standard, where separately goes cold and hot air, because when the flows are combined, according to the laws of physics, different pressures are formed, which in our case causes the vortex motion of gases.

Due to the presence of centrifugal force, the outlet air temperature is much higher than its inlet temperature, which allows the use of devices both for heat generation and for efficient cooling.

There is another theory of the principle of operation of the heat generator, due to the fact that both vortices rotate with the same angular velocity and direction, the internal vortex angle loses its angular momentum. The decrease in torque is transferred to the kinetic energy to the external vortex, resulting in the formation of separated flows of hot and cold gas. This principle of operation is a complete analog of the Peltier effect, in which the device uses electrical pressure (voltage) energy to move heat to one side of the dissimilar metal junction, as a result of which the other side is cooled and the consumed energy is returned to the source.

Photo - The principle of operation of the hydrotype generator

Advantages of a vortex heat generator:

• Provides significant (up to 200 ºС) temperature difference between "cold" and "hot" gas, works even at low inlet pressure;
• Works with efficiency up to 92%, does not need forced cooling;
• Converts the entire inlet flow into one cooling flow. Due to this, the possibility of overheating of heating systems is practically excluded.
• Uses the energy generated in the vortex tube in a single stream, which contributes to efficient heating natural gas with minimal heat loss;
• Provides efficient separation of swirl temperature of inlet gas at atmospheric pressure and outlet gas at negative pressure.

Such alternative heating at almost zero cost, the volt perfectly heats the room from 100 square meters(depending on modification). Main cons: this is a high cost and rare application in practice.

How to make a heat generator with your own hands

Vortex heat generators are very complex devices; in practice, Potapov's automatic WTG can be made, the scheme of which is suitable for both home and industrial work.

Photo - Potapov's vortex heat generator

This is how the Potapov mechanical heat generator (93% efficiency) appeared, the diagram of which is shown in the figure. Despite the fact that Nikolai Petrakov was the first to receive a patent, it is Potapov's device that is particularly popular with home craftsmen.

This diagram shows the design of the vortex generator. The mixing pipe 1 is connected to the pressure pump by a flange, which in turn supplies liquid with a pressure of 4 to 6 atmospheres. When water enters the collector, in drawing 2, a vortex is formed and it is fed into a special vortex tube (3), which is designed so that the length is 10 times greater than the diameter. The vortex of water moves along the spiral pipe near the walls to the hot pipe. This end ends with bottom 4, in the center of which there is a special hole for the exit hot water.

To control the flow, a special braking device, or a water flow straightener 5, is located in front of the bottom, it consists of several rows of plates that are welded to the sleeve in the center. The sleeve is coaxial with the tube 3. At the moment when the water moves through the pipe to the rectifier along the walls, a countercurrent flow is formed in the axial section. Here, the water moves towards the fitting 6, which is cut into the wall of the volute and the fluid supply pipe. Here the manufacturer installed another 7 flow disc rectifier to control the flow cold water. If heat comes out of the liquid, then it is directed through a special bypass 8 to the hot end 9, where water is mixed with water heated by a mixer 5.

Directly from the hot water pipe, the liquid enters the radiators, after which, making a “circle”, it returns to the coolant for reheating. Further, the source heats the liquid, the pump repeats the circle.

According to this theory, there are even modifications of the heat generator for mass production. low pressure. Unfortunately, the projects are good only on paper, few people really use them, especially considering that the calculation is carried out using the Virial theorem, which must take into account the energy of the Sun (a non-constant value) and the centrifugal force in the pipe.

The formula is as follows:

Epot \u003d - 2 Ekin

Where Ekin =mV2/2 is the kinetic motion of the Sun;

Mass of the planet - m, kg.

A household vortex-type heat generator for Potapov water may have the following specifications:

Photo - Modifications of vortex heat generators

Price overview

Despite the relative simplicity, it is often easier to buy vortex cavitation heat generators than to assemble them yourself. homemade device. Sale of new generation generators is carried out in many large cities of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.

Let's take a look at the price list open sources(mini-devices will be cheaper), how much does the Mustafaev, Bolotov and Potapov generator cost:

The lowest price for a vortex energy heat generator of the brand Akoil, Vita, Graviton, Must, Euroalliance, Yusmar, NTK, in Izhevsk, for example, is about 700,000 rubles. When buying, be sure to check the device passport and quality certificates.

A cavitation heat generator is a special device that uses the effect of heating a liquid by a cavitation method. That is, it is an effect in which microscopic vapor bubbles are formed in areas of local pressure reduction in water. This can be observed during the rotation of the pump impeller or due to the effect of a sound vibration on the water. As a result of this, the liquid heats up, which means that it can be used to heat a house or apartment.

To date, the cavitation heat generator is considered an innovative invention. However, almost a century ago, scientists were thinking about how to use the effect of cavitation. For the first time such an installation was assembled by Joseph Rank in 1934. It was he who noted that the inlet and outlet temperatures of the air masses of this pipe are different. Soviet scientists somewhat improved Rank's pipes, using liquid for this purpose. Experiments have shown that the installation allows you to quickly heat the water. However, at that time the need for such an installation was minimal, because the energy cost a penny. Today, due to the rising cost of electricity, oil and gas, the need for such installations is increasing.

Kinds

According to its design, a cavitation heat generator can be rotary, tubular or ultrasonic:

• Rotary devices represent units that use redesigned centrifugal pumps. The pump housing is used here as a stator, where the inlet and outlet pipes are installed. The main working element here is the chamber, where the movable rotor is located, it works on the principle of a wheel.

The rotary unit has a relatively simple design, however, for its effective operation, a very precise installation of all its elements is necessary. Here, too, the most precise balancing of the moving cylinder is required. A tight fit of the rotor shaft is required, as well as careful alignment and replacement of worn-out insulation materials. The efficiencies of such devices are not quite large. They don't have much long term services. In addition, such units work with the release of quite a lot of noise.

• Tubular thermal generators carry out cavitation heating due to the longitudinal arrangement of the tubes. The pump pressurizes the inlet chamber. As a result, the liquid is directed through said tubes. As a result, bubbles appear at the inlet. High pressure is established in the second chamber. Bubbles, which, when they enter the second chamber, are destroyed, as a result of which they give up their thermal energy. This energy, together with steam, is used to heat the house. The efficiency of such structures can reach high rates.
• Ultrasonic thermal generators. Cavitation here is formed due to the ultrasonic waves that the installation creates. As a result of this principle of operation, minimal energy losses are ensured. There is practically no friction here, as a result of which the efficiency of the ultrasonic heat generator is incredibly high.

Device

The cavitation heat generator has a device depending on the principle of operation. A typical and most common representative of rotary heat generators is the Griggs centrifuge. Water is poured into such a unit, after which the rotation axis is started using. The main advantage of this design is that the drive heats the fluid and also acts as a pump. The surface of the cylinder has a huge number of shallow round holes that allow you to create the effect of turbulence. The heating of the liquid is provided due to the forces of friction and cavitation.

The number of holes in the installation depends on the rotary speed used. The stator in the heat generator is made in the form of a cylinder, which is sealed at both ends, where the rotor directly rotates. The existing gap between the stator and the rotor is approximately 1.5 mm. The holes in the rotor are necessary so that vortices appear in the liquid rubbing against the surface of the cylinder in order to create cavitation cavities.

In the specified gap, heating of the liquid is also observed. In order for the heat generator to work effectively, the transverse size of the rotor must be at least 30 cm. At the same time, its rotation speed must reach 3000 rpm.

Ultrasonic devices use a quartz plate to create the cavitation effect. She's under the influence electric current creates sound vibrations. These sound vibrations are directed to the input, as a result of which the device produces vibrations. In the reverse phase of the wave, sections of rarefaction are created, as a result of which cavitation processes that create bubbles can be observed.

To ensure maximum efficiency, the working chamber of the heat generator is made in the form of a resonator, which is tuned to an ultrasonic frequency. The formed bubbles are instantly transported by a stream through narrow tubes. This is necessary to obtain a vacuum, since the bubbles in the heat generator can quickly close, giving their energy back.

Principle of operation

The cavitation heat generator allows you to create a process during which bubbles are created in the liquid. If we consider this process, then it is comparable to boiling water. However, during cavitation, a local pressure drop is observed, which leads to the appearance of bubbles. In the heat generator, vortex flows are formed, as a result of which a cavitation rupture of the bubbles occurs, which leads to heating of the liquid. Heating leads to a sharp decrease in fluid pressure. The resulting energy is quite cheap, it is great for space heating. Antifreeze can be used as a coolant.

For such installations, you usually need about 1.5 times less electrical energy than is necessary for radiator and other systems. In this case, the liquid is heated in a closed system. Such units work by converting one energy into another. As a result, it turns into heat.

Application

The cavitation heat generator is used in most cases for heating water, as well as mixing liquids. Therefore, such installations are in most cases used for:

• heating. The heat generator converts the mechanical energy of water movement into thermal energy, which can be successfully used to heat buildings of various types. It can be small private buildings, including large industrial facilities. For example, on the territory of our country at the moment you can count at least a dozen settlements, in which central heating is carried out not by conventional boiler houses, but by cavitation installations.
• Running water heating which is used in everyday life. A heat generator that is connected to the network can heat water quite quickly. As a result, such equipment can be successfully used for heating water in swimming pools, autonomous water supply, saunas, laundries, and the like.
• Mixing immiscible liquids . Cavitation-type devices can be used in laboratories where there is a need for high-quality mixing of liquids having different densities.

How to choose

The cavitation heat generator can be made in several versions. Therefore, you need to choose such a device for heating your home, taking into account a number of parameters:

• It is necessary to select a heat generator based on the area for which heating is needed. You should also consider what kind of weather is observed in winter period. An important characteristic will be the thermal insulation of the walls. That is, you need to choose a device that will provide required amount heat.
• If you purchase a standard unit, it is desirable that it be equipped with heat control devices and protection sensors. It is better to immediately purchase an installation with an automatic control and management unit. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase a cavitation unit in combination with other equipment with a turnkey installation service. Specialists themselves will select and perform calculations for the installation of a heating system in your home.
• If you decide to save money and purchase equipment separately, then it is important to determine the features of all elements of the system. The pump must be able to handle liquids that are heated to high temperatures. Otherwise, the system will quickly become unusable and will have to be repaired. In addition, the pump must provide pressure from 4 atmospheres.
• If you decide to build a cavitation installation yourself, then it is important to choose the right section of the cavitation chamber channel. It should be about 8-15 mm. Before creating such an installation, it is important to carefully study the current schemes. similar devices. The cavitation heat generator in its appearance will resemble pumping station which does not need a chimney. It does not emit carbon monoxide, dirt or soot during its operation.

A cavitation heat generator is a heat pump, a hydrodynamic converter of the energy of fluid movement into heating of heaters.

cavitation

At first glance, the topic of cavitation heat generators seems fantastic and has been deleted from Wikipedia, but on a detailed study it turned out to be curious. The more interesting the question became, the further the authors delved into the study. Fominsky's book on free energy sources begins with a description of a global environmental catastrophe at the end of the 20th century. Among the well-known facts about the dangers of internal combustion engines, incredible information about the value of cavitation heat generators, hypotheses are put forward about changing the breathing regime of the planet's forests and ... about stopping the warm current of the Gulf Stream. In 2003, the book was read as a collection of science fiction. Recall that now Europe is concerned about stopping the Gulf Stream, it becomes clear that the author was able to predict the future 10 years in advance.

This suggests that the idea of ​​cavitation heat generators is not as utopian as the means mass media. It is known that the efficiency was a fraction of a percent at the beginning of the 20th century, today this direction is considered promising. The efficiency of the first thermocouples reached 3%, which is comparable to the success of steam engines early XIX century. Already today, engineers (see screenshot) say that the efficiency of a cavitation heat generator is acceptable above one.

Cavitation heat generator - pump. Fluid flow simply carries energy from place to place. Any air conditioner and refrigerator show efficiency above 100%, they work on the principle of a heat pump, pumping energy from one area of ​​\u200b\u200bspace to another. Let's compare it with watering trees: the energy of electricity cannot feed the roots, but as soon as a propeller is attached to the engine, streams of water rush to bring life-giving moisture. The principle of operation of a cavitation heat generator is exactly the same.

The heat pump is considered expensive type equipment. Usually pumps the heat of the Earth's interior or river flow. The temperature in these sources is low, by lowering the freon pressure, it is possible to achieve heat intake and delivery to Right place. The refrigerator does not generate frost directly. It discharges freon, due to the laws of thermodynamics, heat passes to the evaporator, from there it is delivered to the radiator on the back wall.

Similarly, cavitation bubbles are formed in places where the water pressure is below the point of transition to a different state of aggregation (see Fig.). As a result, a large amount of energy is absorbed. It is necessary to expend heat to transfer a substance to a different state of aggregation. Which is taken from the surrounding water, and that is pumped from the body of the cavitation heat generator, then from the room. On the case, heat is generated due to the pressure pumping. Efficiency above unity is explained by heat extraction from environment. The percentage of using the generator's own losses for winding heating and friction is high.

Assistance of the cavitation heat generator

The climate today is changing a lot due to the operation of internal combustion engines. 40% of the carbon dioxide on the planet is generated by transport, a significant part is emitted by private homeowners who burn fuel for heating. Released into the atmosphere harmful substances conditions for the existence of life on the planet are violated. Therefore, CHP energy is not offered as a beneficial alternative. For obvious reasons.

Already due to the factor, the efficiency of the installation will increase: heat losses heat the place from where the heat is pumped. This is an absolute plus. The rest will be taken from the air. Worth thinking about:

• The refrigerator heats the kitchen in the summer, the efficiency drops.
• The air conditioner takes heat from the frost or pumps cold from the sunlit side of the building.

And the cavitation heat generator is able to utilize its own losses with benefit. Must be recognized as promising. Difficulty - how to get more bubbles from mechanical movement. Dozens, if not hundreds of patents are already devoted to this today, for example, RU 2313036. It is easy to guess that heat must be taken from somewhere to pump it. This is the correct statement of the question, because of the omission of the meaning of what is happening, people do not want to believe that the cavitation generator is a reality: “As a heating engineer, I will say that this is nonsense. Energy doesn't come from nowhere. A heat pump allows you to spend less electricity and get more heat. (forum okolotok.ru)

If it is not clear to a professional that we are talking about a kind of heat pump, what the general public knows about a cavitation heat generator ... Let's establish who will benefit from a cavitation heat generator. The design brought to perfection can be used:

1. For wastewater energy extraction.
2. Cooling of workshops with simultaneous heating of workplaces.
3. Space heating without the use of oil, gas, fuel oil, coal, firewood, etc.

cavitation mechanism

Bubble formation is possible in a moving stream. Where the pressure is sharply reduced. Such places include the propeller blades of ships, pipeline adapters with different diameters (see Fig.). Actually, the designs of cavitation generators are divided into rotary and tubular. Both are driven by electricity, but the principle of operation is different. The screw and pipe are shown on the screenshots to illustrate what has been said.

To explain what is happening, you need to look at the graph of aggregate states. It shows a solid (solid), liquid (liquid) and vapor in the form of areas for a certain temperature (horizontally) and pressure (vertically). Dotted lines indicate the lines:

1. Horizontally - normal atmospheric pressure.
2. On the vertical line are the melting points of ice and the boiling point of water.

It can be seen that under normal conditions, steam is formed at a temperature of 100 degrees, when the pressure drops by half, the boiling point shifts to zero degrees Celsius. The effect is well known to climbers, who know that it is impossible to cook meat at a height. Water boils already at 70-80 degrees Celsius.

The ship's propeller forms bubbles at normal water temperatures. Cavitation is detrimental. The figure shows that after a couple of years of operation, the surface is covered with dents. Cavitation is costly for hydraulic systems.

The resulting bubble does not burst due to the force of water tension and moves into the area with high pressure, being carried away by the flow. Gradually, a dent forms in the front part, the shape changes from spherical, becoming similar to an erythrocyte. Gradually, the walls close up, resulting in a torus (steering wheel). The resulting currents create a torque, the figure tries to turn inside out. As a result, the flask bursts, leaving a certain bunch of turbulences (see Fig.). During the transition of steam to a different state of aggregation, the previously absorbed energy is released. This completes the transport of heat.

Talking about perpetual motion machines: scientific tales

Viktor Schauberger

The Austrian physicist Viktor Schauberger, when he was a forester, developed a curious system for alloying logs. By appearance resembled the curves of natural rivers, not a straight line. Moving along such a peculiar trajectory, the tree reached its destination faster. Schauberger explained this by reducing the forces of hydraulic friction.

Rumor has it that Schauberger became interested in the vortex motion of a fluid. Austrian beer drinkers in competitions would spin the bottle to give the drink a spin. Beer flew into the belly faster, the sly one won. Schauberger repeated the trick himself and was convinced of the effectiveness.

Do not confuse the described case with a whirlwind waste water, which always twists in the same direction. The Coriolis force is due to the rotation of the Earth and is believed to have been noticed by Giovanni Battista Riccioli and Francesco Maria Grimaldi in 1651. The phenomenon was explained and described in 1835 by Gaspard-Gustav Coriolis. At the initial moment of time, due to the random movement of the water flow, a distance from the center of the funnel occurs, the trajectory twists in a spiral. Due to the pressure of water, the process is gaining strength, a cone-shaped depression is formed on the surface.

Victor Schauberger approximately May 10, 1930 received an Austrian patent number 117749 for a turbine of a specific design in the form of a sharpened drill. According to the scientist, in 1921 a generator was made on its basis, supplying energy to the whole farm. Schauberger claimed that the efficiency of the device is close to 1000% (three zeros).

1. Water swirled in a spiral at the entrance to the nozzle.
2. At the entrance was the said turbine.
3. The guide spirals matched the shape of the flow, resulting in the most efficient transfer of energy.

Everything else about Viktor Schauberger comes down to science fiction. It was claimed that he invented the Repulsion engine, which set in motion a flying saucer that defended Berlin during World War II. At the end of hostilities, he was commissioned and refused to share his own discoveries that could bring great harm peace on earth. His story, like two drops of water, resembles what happened to Nikola Tesla.

It is believed that Schauberger assembled the first cavitation heat generator. There is a photo where he stands next to this "furnace". In one of his last letters, he claimed to have discovered new substances that make incredible things possible. For example, water purification. At the same time, arguing that his views would shake the foundations of religion and science, he predicted victory for the “Russians”. Today it is difficult to judge how close to reality the scientist remained six months before his death.

Richard Clem and the vortex engine

by Richard Clem own words at the end of 1972 he tested an asphalt pump. He was alerted by the strange behavior of the machine after turning it off. Starting experiments with hot oil, Richard quickly came to the conclusion that there was something like a perpetual motion machine. The rotor of a specific shape, made of a cone cut with spiral channels, is equipped with divergent nozzles. Spinning up to a certain speed, it kept moving, managing to drive the oil pump.

A native of Dallas conceived a trial run of 600 miles (1000 km) to El Paso, then decided to publish the invention, but only reached Abilene, blaming failure on a weak shaft. The notes on this matter say that the cone needed to be spun up to a certain speed and the oil heated to 150 degrees Celsius to make it work. The device showed an average power of 350 horsepower with a mass of 200 pounds (90 kg).

The pump worked at a pressure of 300 - 500 psi (20 - 30 atm.), And the higher the density of the oil turned out, the faster the cone spun. Richard soon died, and the developments were seized. Patent number US3697190 for an asphalt pump is easy to find on the Internet, but Clem did not refer to it. There is no guarantee that a "workable" version has not been withdrawn from the bureau's documentation earlier. Enthusiasts still build Clem engines today and demonstrate the principle of operation on YouTube.

Of course, this is only a semblance of a design, the product is unable to create for itself free energy. Clem said that the first engine was good for nothing, they had to go around 15 companies in search of funding. The motor runs on frying oil, the temperature of 300 degrees can not withstand the car. According to reporters, the 12V battery is believed to be the only power source visible from the side of the device.

The engine was brought into cavitation for a simple reason: periodically, already hot oil needed to be cooled through a heat exchanger. So something inside was doing work. On reflection, the researchers attributed this to the effect of cavitation at the pump inlet and within the distribution tube system. We emphasize: "Not a single Richard Clem engine made today is operational."

Despite this, the Russian Energy Agency published information in the database (energy.csti.yar.ru/documents/view/3720031515) with the proviso that the design of the engine (im) resembles the turbine of Nikola Tesla.

Designs of cavitation heat generators

References to the fact that developments on cavitation engines are classified do not hold water. Many devices operate with an efficiency higher than 1 when it comes to pumping heat. Therefore, there is no top secret in this. Designers make samples of fully functional cavitation heat generators. It cannot be said that the efficiency is high, but the design has a certain potential.

Rotary

The Griggs centrifuge is considered a worthy example of rotary cavitation heat generators. Water is pumped into the device, the axis begins to rotate, driven by an electric motor. An absolute plus of the design is that the only drive serves as a pump in the heating system and a liquid phase heater. On the surface of the working cylinder, many shallow round holes are cut, where the liquid forms turbulences. Heating occurs due to friction forces in the surface layer and cavitation.

Tubular

The screenshot from the video shows the assembly of a cavitation heater with a longitudinal arrangement of tubes. The design is described in patent RU 2313036. The pump pressurizes the inlet chamber, the liquid rushes through the tube structure. At the inlet (see Fig.) bubbles are formed due to cavitation according to the scheme described above. Coming out on the other side, they fall into the second chamber with high pressure, burst and give off heat.

At the inlet in front of a system of narrow tubes, the liquid pressure is increased by a pump, the temperature in this place is increased. The specified energy is taken away by the formed bubbles with steam for space heating. As stated above, such a heat pump is capable of over 100% efficiency, as claimed by the author of the design. Everyone will see for themselves by watching the video on YouTube (the name of the channel is on the screen).

Ultrasonic

Patent WO2013102247 A1 was published in 2013. After a six-month review, the commission of the bureau gave exclusive rights to the ultrasonic cavitation heat generator to Joel Dotte Ehart Rubem. The meaning of the idea is in the conversion of electric current by a quartz plate. Audio frequency fluctuations are input, and the device starts to vibrate. In the reverse phase of the wave, areas of rarefaction are formed, where bubbles form due to cavitation.

For achievement maximum effect the working chamber of the cavitation heat generator is made in the form of a resonator for ultrasonic frequency. The resulting bubbles are immediately carried away by the flow through narrow tubes. This is necessary to obtain a vacuum, so that the bubbles in the cavitation heat generator do not close immediately, immediately giving energy back.

It is easy to guess that the losses are minimal, and there is no friction at all, so the efficiency of the ultrasonic cavitation heat generator is chic. The scientist says that heat transfer is possible with a gain of 2.5 times. This is still less than that received by Viktor Schauberger, but it will make you think. The device can presumably be used for cooling rooms.

Heating a house, garage, office, retail space is an issue that must be addressed immediately after the premises have been built. It doesn't matter what season it is outside. Winter will still come. So you need to make sure that it is warm inside in advance. For those who buy an apartment in high-rise building, there is nothing to worry about - the builders have already done everything. But for those who build their own house, equip a garage or a detached small building, you will have to choose which heating system to install. And one of the solutions will be a vortex heat generator.

Air separation, in other words, its separation into cold and hot fractions in a vortex jet - a phenomenon that formed the basis of a vortex heat generator, was discovered about a hundred years ago. And as often happens, for 50 years no one could figure out how to use it. The so-called vortex tube was modernized by the most different ways and tried to attach almost all kinds human activity. However, everywhere it was inferior both in price and in efficiency to existing devices. Until the Russian scientist Merkulov came up with the idea of ​​running water inside, he did not establish that the temperature at the outlet rises several times and did not call this process cavitation. The price of the device has not decreased much, but the efficiency has become almost one hundred percent.

Operating principle

So what is this mysterious and accessible cavitation? But everything is quite simple. During the passage through the vortex, many bubbles form in the water, which in turn burst, releasing a certain amount of energy. This energy heats the water. The number of bubbles cannot be counted, but the vortex cavitation heat generator can increase the temperature of the water up to 200 degrees. It would be foolish not to take advantage of this.

Two main types

Despite every now and then there are reports that someone somewhere made a unique vortex heat generator with their own hands of such power that it is possible to heat the whole city, in most cases these are ordinary newspaper ducks that have no factual basis. Someday, perhaps, this will happen, but for now, the principle of operation of this device can be used in only two ways.

Rotary heat generator. The housing of the centrifugal pump in this case will act as a stator. Depending on the power, holes of a certain diameter are drilled over the entire surface of the rotor. It is due to them that the very bubbles appear, the destruction of which heats the water. The advantage of such a heat generator is only one. It's much more productive. But there are much more disadvantages.

• This setup makes a lot of noise.
• The wear of parts is increased.
• Requires frequent replacement of seals and seals.
• Too expensive service.

Static heat generator. Unlike the previous version, nothing rotates here, and the cavitation process occurs naturally. Only the pump is running. And the list of advantages and disadvantages takes a sharply opposite direction.

• The device can operate at low pressure.
• The temperature difference between the cold and hot ends is quite large.
• Absolutely safe, no matter where it is used.
• Fast heating.
• Efficiency of 90% or more.
• Can be used for both heating and cooling.

The only drawback of a static WTG can be considered the high cost of equipment and the associated rather long payback period.

How to assemble a heat generator

With all these scientific terms, which can scare a person unfamiliar with physics, it is quite possible to make a WTG at home. Of course, you will have to tinker, but if everything is done correctly and efficiently, you can enjoy the warmth at any time.

And to start, as in any other business, you will have to prepare materials and tools. You will need:

• Welding machine.
• Grinder.
• Electric drill.
• Set of wrenches.
• Set of drills.
• Metal corner.
• Bolts and nuts.
• Thick metal pipe.
• Two threaded pipes.
• Couplings.
• Electric motor.
• Centrifugal pump.
• Jet.

Now you can get straight to work.

Installing the engine

The electric motor, selected in accordance with the available voltage, is mounted on a frame, welded or assembled with bolts, from a corner. The overall size of the frame is calculated in such a way that it can accommodate not only the engine, but also the pump. It is better to paint the bed to avoid rust. Mark the holes, drill and install the motor.

We connect the pump

The pump should be selected according to two criteria. First, it must be centrifugal. Secondly, the engine power should be enough to spin it. After the pump is installed on the frame, the algorithm of actions is as follows:

• In a thick pipe with a diameter of 100 mm and a length of 600 mm, an external groove must be made on both sides by 25 mm and half the thickness. Cut thread.
• On two pieces of the same pipe, each 50 mm long, cut internal thread half the length.
• From the side opposite to the thread, weld metal caps of sufficient thickness.
• Make holes in the center of the lids. One is the size of the jet, the second is the size of the nozzle. From the inside of the hole for the jet with a drill large diameter it is necessary to chamfer to get a kind of nozzle.
• A nozzle with a nozzle is connected to the pump. To the hole from which water is supplied under pressure.
• The inlet of the heating system is connected to the second branch pipe.
• The outlet from the heating system is connected to the pump inlet.

The cycle is closed. Water will be supplied under pressure to the nozzle and due to the vortex formed there and the cavitation effect that has arisen, it will heat up. The temperature can be adjusted by installing a ball valve behind the pipe through which water enters the heating system back.

By covering it a little, you can increase the temperature and vice versa, by opening it, you can lower it.

Let's improve the heat generator

It may sound strange, but this is enough complex structure can be improved by further increasing its performance, which will be a definite plus for heating a large private house. This improvement is based on the fact that the pump itself tends to lose heat. So, you need to make it spend as little as possible.

This can be achieved in two ways. Insulate the pump with any suitable thermal insulation materials. Or surround it with a water jacket. The first option is clear and accessible without any explanation. But the second should dwell in more detail.

To build a water jacket for the pump, you will have to place it in a specially designed hermetic container that can withstand the pressure of the entire system. Water will be supplied to this tank, and the pump will take it from there. The outside water will also heat up, allowing the pump to work much more efficiently.

Swirl damper

But it turns out that's not all. Having well studied and understood the principle of operation of a vortex heat generator, it is possible to equip it with a vortex damper. A stream of water supplied under high pressure hits the opposite wall and swirls. But there may be several of these vortices. One has only to install a structure inside the device that resembles the shank of an aviation bomb. This is done as follows:

• From a pipe with a slightly smaller diameter than the generator itself, it is necessary to cut two rings 4-6 cm wide.
• Inside the rings, weld six metal plates, selected in such a way that the whole structure is as long as a quarter of the length of the body of the generator itself.
• When assembling the device, fix this structure inside against the nozzle.

There is no limit to perfection and there cannot be, and the improvement of the vortex heat generator is being carried out in our time. Not everyone can do it. But it is quite possible to assemble the device according to the scheme given above.

Many useful inventions remained unclaimed. This happens because of human laziness or because of the fear of the incomprehensible. One of these discoveries for a long time was a vortex heat generator. Now, against the backdrop of a total saving of resources, the desire to use environmentally friendly energy sources, heat generators have been put into practice for heating a home or office. What is it? A device that was previously developed only in laboratories, or a new word in thermal power engineering.

Heating system with vortex heat generator

Operating principle

The basis of the operation of heat generators is the conversion of mechanical energy into kinetic energy, and then into thermal energy.

As early as the beginning of the 20th century, Joseph Rank discovered the separation of a vortex air jet into cold and hot fractions. In the middle of the last century, the German inventor Hilsham modernized the device of the vortex tube. After some time, the Russian scientist A. Merkulov launched water into the Ranke pipe instead of air. At the outlet, the temperature of the water increased significantly. It is this principle that underlies the operation of all heat generators.

Passing through the water vortex, the water forms many air bubbles. Under the influence of liquid pressure, the bubbles are destroyed. As a result, some of the energy is released. Water is being heated. This process is called cavitation. The operation of all vortex heat generators is calculated on the principle of cavitation. This type of generator is called "cavitational".

Types of heat generators

All heat generators are divided into two main types:

1. Rotary. A heat generator in which a vortex flow is created using a rotor.
2. Static. In such types, a water vortex is created using special cavitation tubes. The water pressure is produced by a centrifugal pump.

Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, which should be discussed in more detail.

Rotary heat generator

stator in this device serves as the casing of a centrifugal pump.

Rotors can be different. There are many schemes and instructions for their implementation on the Internet. Heat generators are rather a scientific experiment that is constantly under development.

Rotary generator design

The body is a hollow cylinder. The distance between the housing and the rotating part is calculated individually (1.5-2 mm).

The heating of the medium occurs due to its friction with the housing and the rotor. This is helped by bubbles, which are formed due to cavitation of water in the cells of the rotor. The performance of such devices is 30% higher than static ones. The units are quite noisy. They have increased wear of parts due to the constant exposure to an aggressive environment. Constant monitoring is required: the condition of seals, seals, etc. This greatly complicates and increases the cost of maintenance. With their help, they rarely install heating at home, they have found a slightly different application - heating large industrial premises.

Industrial cavitator model

Static heat generator

The main advantage of these installations is that nothing rotates in them. Electricity is only used to run the pump. Cavitation occurs with the help of natural physical processes in water.

The efficiency of such installations sometimes exceeds 100%. The environment for generators can be liquid, compressed gas, antifreeze, antifreeze.

The difference between the inlet and outlet temperature can reach 100⁰С. When working on compressed gas, it is blown tangentially into the vortex chamber. It speeds up in it. When creating a vortex, hot air passes through the conical funnel, and cold air returns. The temperature can reach 200⁰С.

Advantages:

1. It can provide a large temperature difference at the hot and cold ends, operate at low pressure.
2. Efficiency not less than 90%.
3. Never overheats.
4. Fire- and explosion-proof. Can be used in explosive environments.
5. Provides fast and efficient heating of the entire system.
6. Can be used for both heating and cooling.

It is currently not widely used. A cavitation heat generator is used to reduce the cost of heating a house or industrial premises in the presence of compressed air. The disadvantage is the rather high cost of equipment.

Heat generator Potapov

Popular and more studied is the invention of Potapov's heat generator. It is considered a static device.

The pressure force in the system is created centrifugal pump. A jet of water is fed with high pressure into the snail. The liquid begins to warm up due to rotation along the curved channel. She enters the vortex tube. The footage of the pipe must be ten times greater than the width.

Generator device diagram

1. Pipe branch
2. Snail.
3. Vortex tube.
4. Top brake.
5. Water straightener.
6. Coupling.
7. Lower brake ring.
8. Bypass.
9. Outlet line.

Water passes along the spiral spiral located along the walls. Next, a brake device was installed to remove part of the hot water. The jet is slightly leveled by plates attached to the sleeve. Inside there is an empty space connected to another braking device.

High temperature water rises and a cold swirling fluid flow descends through the interior. The cold flow comes into contact with the hot flow through the plates on the sleeve and heats up.

Warm water descends to the lower brake ring and is further heated by cavitation. The heated flow from the lower braking device passes through the bypass to the outlet pipe.

The upper brake ring has a passage whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the vortex tube. Thanks to him, hot water can get into the pipe. There is a mixing of hot and warm flow. Further, the water is used for its intended purpose. Usually for space heating or domestic needs. The return is connected to the pump. Branch pipe - to the entrance to the heating system of the house.

To install the Potapov heat generator, diagonal wiring is required. Hot coolant must be supplied to the upper course of the battery, and cold will come out of the lower one.

Potapov generator on its own

There are many industrial generator models. For experienced craftsman it will not be difficult to make a vortex heat generator with your own hands:

1. The entire system must be securely fastened. With the help of corners, a frame is made. You can use welding or bolting. The main thing is that the design is strong.
2. An electric motor is fixed on the frame. It is selected according to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room, external conditions and the available voltage.
3. A water pump is attached to the frame. When choosing it, consider:

• a centrifugal pump is required;
• the engine has enough strength to spin it;
• The pump must be able to withstand liquid at any temperature.

1. The pump is connected to the engine.
2. A cylinder 500-600 mm long is made from a thick pipe with a diameter of 100 mm.
3. From thick flat metal it is necessary to make two covers:

• one must have a hole for the pipe;
• the second under the jet. A chamfer is made on the edge. It turns out the nozzle.

1. It is better to fasten the covers to the cylinder with a threaded connection.
2. The jet is inside. Its diameter should be two times less than ¼ of the diameter of the cylinder.

A very small orifice will cause the pump to overheat and wear parts quickly.

1. The branch pipe from the side of the nozzle is connected to the pump supply. The second is connected to the top point of the heating system. The cooled water from the system is connected to the pump inlet.
2. Water under pump pressure is supplied to the nozzle. In the heat generator chamber, its temperature increases due to vortex flows. Then it is fed into the heating.

Scheme of the cavitation generator

1. Jet.
2. Motor shaft.
3. Vortex tube.
4. inlet nozzle.
5. Outlet pipe.
6. Whirlwind damper.

To control the temperature, a valve is placed behind the nozzle. The less open it is, the longer water in the cavitator, and the higher its temperature.

When water passes through the jet, a strong pressure is obtained. He hits the opposite wall and spins due to this. By placing an additional barrier in the middle of the stream, you can achieve greater returns.

Whirlpool damper

The operation of the vortex damper is based on this:

1. Two rings are made, width 4-5 cm, diameter slightly smaller than the cylinder.
2. 6 plates ¼ of the generator body are cut out of thick metal. The width depends on the diameter and is selected individually.
3. The plates are fixed inside the rings opposite each other.
4. The damper is inserted opposite the nozzle.

Generator development continues. You can experiment with the absorber to increase performance.

As a result of the work, heat losses to the atmosphere occur. To eliminate them, you can make thermal insulation. First, it is made of metal, and sheathed on top with any insulating material. The main thing is that it can withstand the boiling point.

To facilitate the commissioning and maintenance of the Potapov generator, it is necessary:

• paint all metal surfaces;
• make all parts from thick metal, so the heat generator will last longer;
• during assembly, it makes sense to make several covers with different hole diameters. Selected by experience best option for this system;
• before connecting consumers, having looped the generator, it is necessary to check its tightness and operability.

Hydrodynamic contour

For correct installation vortex heat generator requires a hydrodynamic circuit.

Loop connection diagram

For its manufacture you need:

• outlet pressure gauge to measure the pressure at the outlet of the cavitator;
• thermometers for temperature measurement before and after the heat generator;
• relief cock to remove air pockets;
• cranes at the entrance and exit;
• pressure gauge at the inlet, to control the pressure of the pump.

The hydrodynamic circuit will simplify the maintenance and control of the system.

In the presence of a single-phase network, you can use frequency converter. This will raise the speed of rotation of the pump, choose the right one.

The vortex heat generator is used for heating the house and supplying hot water. It has several advantages over other heaters:

• installation of a heat generator does not require permits;
• the cavitator works offline and does not require constant monitoring;
• is an environmentally friendly source of energy, has no harmful emissions into the atmosphere;
• complete fire and explosion safety;
• less electricity consumption. Undeniable efficiency, efficiency approaches 100%;
• water in the system does not form scale, no additional water treatment is required;
• can be used for both heating and hot water supply;
• takes up little space and is easy to mount in any network.

With all this in mind, the cavitation generator is becoming more in demand in the market. Such equipment is successfully used for heating residential and office premises.

Video. Do-it-yourself vortex heat generator.

The production of such generators is being established. Modern industry offers rotary and static generators. They are equipped with control devices and protection sensors. You can choose a generator to mount heating for rooms of any area.

Scientific laboratories and craftsmen continue experiments to improve heat generators. Perhaps soon the vortex heat generator will take its rightful place among heating appliances.