What does the thermal energy component mean. "Crib" on the payment document for housing and communal services
A few years ago, a new line appeared in the receipts - water heating. Many people don't know what this service is and why they have to pay for it. After all, before payment was made only for warm water. Therefore, many do not want to pay double fees. However, non-payment of the money indicated in this column leads to the appearance of debt. Since the amount for heating water in receipts is charged for a separate service.
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Heating in the account what is it?
What is heating is one of the most frequently asked questions. The document has 2 columns thermal water supply(DHW) and heating.
What is DHW - this is hot water supply. But people don't understand why they have to deposit money twice. But in fact, everything is different. DHW is not warm water, and the heat energy that the housing and communal services spend on bringing the liquid to desired temperature. Therefore, a double tariff was introduced for hot water supply and for the spent energy.
This tariff was set due to the fact that in order to achieve normal temperature, additional energy is expended. Previously, fuel consumption was not taken into account when calculating utility bills, and money was collected for this only during the heating period.
Because of what, during this period, people's expenses for heating and heating increased greatly. In order to prevent people from drastically increasing costs, the Government divided the costs spent on achieving normal temperatures for the whole year.
Is it legal to charge for this
Seeing an additional column in the check, people think if it is legal. Some immediately turn to the company's employees and clarify what the new column means and why you need to pay. And some just don't pay for it.
However, such actions of consumers will be considered illegal, since the obligation to pay for water heating is specified in the articles of the Housing Code. Also, the legitimacy of demanding payment for this is also indicated in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of June 6, 2011.
What if the equipment breaks
If the heater breaks down, then utility bills for warming up will not increase or decrease. Therefore, it is important to quickly return it to duty. In this situation, payers must immediately inform the employees of the management company about the breakdown. After receiving the application, the legal entity must immediately send specialists to restore the operation of the water heater.
It is also the responsibility of the tenants to purchase the equipment.
How to determine the cost yourself
The cost of heating cold water is indicated in the receipt. Calculate size for cold and hot liquid total amount quite simple, but few people know how to calculate the amount of payment for an additional service.
How is water heating calculated in the bill in summer and winter, and what data will you need to know:
- Be sure to know what tariff is set in the region.
- What losses did the management company suffer to transport the resource.
- How much energy was actually used to reach the required temperature.
- How much resource is consumed each month.
Not all management organizations provide such data to residents apartment buildings. However, any person can request this information from the HOA or the Criminal Code, and employees legal entity are required to provide reliable information on payment for services for the supply of an apartment.
If you refuse to respond to the request, the applicant may file a complaint against the employees of the management company with Rospotrebnadzor. Having received all the necessary data, you can independently calculate and compare the heating bill indicated in the bill.
Calculation of the total amount in 2018
Heating is the most expensive public service. This is due to the fact that special heating devices are used for heating, which consume a lot of energy.
To calculate the amount of payment for heating for hot water supply, it is necessary to determine how much resource was spent, for this you need to take readings from the meter or make a calculation for hot moisture, if it is not there. The calculation of the amount of remuneration for DHW heating is made according to the following formula:
P gv \u003d Vgv × Txv + (V v kr × Vi gv / ∑ Vi gv × Tv kr)
V hw - the volume of hot water consumed during the billing period (month) in an apartment or non-residential premises
T xv - tariff for cold water
V v kr - the amount of thermal energy used for the billing period for heating cold water at independent production hot water management company
∑ Vi hw - the total volume of hot water consumed during the billing period in all
T v kr - the tariff for thermal energy in the premises of the house.
The rate set in the region is multiplied by the standard of heat required to heat a cubic meter of liquid. The resulting figure is multiplied by the amount of resource consumed.
For residents who do not have a meter, the calculation must be made as follows: the standard is divided by the number of residents in the house (apartment).
The resulting result will not be accurate, since the management company also adds the costs spent on the repair, maintenance and maintenance of special devices.
Utility bills for heating hit homeowners' budgets hard. In connection with what people do not want to deposit money for no reason. And the appearance in the paper of a new column for heating always raises questions, especially if you have to pay a rather large amount for innovation. Heating appeared on the receipt not so long ago, which is why many people still have not figured out why they have to pay for it separately, because they already pay for water supply.
Today, February 6, Tatyana Nestratova, head of the department for socio-economic development of the city of Lyubertsy, spoke about the principles of pricing. According to her, utility bills are calculated on the basis of the volume of consumed utilities, determined by the readings of metering devices, and in their absence - according to the standards.
The procedure for calculating and paying utility bills is defined in the Rules for the provision of utility services, approved by a government decree Russian Federation №354.
Let us now analyze the issue of determining the payment for heating:
Bodies state power subjects of the Russian Federation, i.e. the ministries of the Moscow Region, by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 857, are allowed to make a decision on the application in the calculations for heating of the norms for the consumption of thermal energy for heating that were in force until June 30, 2012.
Accordingly, the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services of the Moscow Region secured the possibility for managing and resource supply organizations to apply the norms for the consumption of thermal energy for heating that were in force until June 30, 2012 when paying for heating.
In our city it is 0.0145 Gcal/m2.
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1380 determined that this decision valid until July 1, 2016.
That is, the procedure for paying for heating in residential buildings does not change.
In houses that are not equipped with common house heating meters, the heating payment is calculated according to the standard.
For example:
Apartment 55 sq.m.
The standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating 1 m2 is 0.0145 Gcal/m2.
Heating tariff:
1991.13 rub/Gcal X 0.0145 Gcal/m2 = 28.87 rub/m2
Total heating fee:
In houses equipped with common building meters for heating, the heating payment is calculated based on the average monthly volume of heat energy consumption for heating for the previous year.
Wherein Management Company makes adjustments to the size of the payment for heating once a year.
For example:
Apartment 55 sq.m.
The average monthly consumption of thermal energy for heating 1 m2 is 0.0145 Gcal/m2.
Total heating fee:
55m2 X 28.87 rubles / m2 = 1588 rubles.
However, the common house metering device showed that, in fact, it took not 0.0145 Gcal/m2, but 0.0150 Gcal/m2 to heat 1m2 of living space.
Accordingly, the management company, at the end of the year - this usually happens in January, exposes an additional payment for the actually consumed resource.
In our example - about 1100 rubles.
I emphasize - once a year.
According to the Lyubertsy Housing Trust, such a recalculation was made in 556 residential buildings, of which 276 - upwards, 280 - downwards.
Further. In November and December 2014, representatives of the city administration and the largest management companies spoke on television, on radio, in print media and explained to residents that from January 01, 2015, the procedure for calculating payment for heating was changed, i.e. residents residential buildings,
equipped with common building metering devices for heating, had to switch to payment from 1/12 - equal monthly installments to 1/7 - only during the heating period.
However, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1380 postponed the introduction of this provision until July 1, 2016.
By hot water.
In the city, all houses are equipped with common house water meters.
We have repeatedly explained to the residents that
The Committee on Prices and Tariffs has established a two-component tariff:
cold water component
Component for thermal energy.
cold water component- this is the volume of cold water for the needs of hot water supply. It is determined in the presence of individual metering devices - according to the readings of the hot water metering device, in the absence of an individual metering device - according to the standard - 3.5 m3 / person. per month.
Example.
Tariff for cold water - 30.27 rubles / m3;
Individual metering device - 3 m3
30.27 rub/m3 X 3 m3 = 90.81 rub/m3.
Without an individual meter - 3.5 m3
Total component per hot water:
30.27 rub/m3 X 3.5 m3 = 105.95 rub/m3.
Component for thermal energy :
Tariff for production of 1 Gcal - 1991.13 rubles / Gcal
Standard for heating cold water - the amount of thermal energy required to heat 1 m3 of cold water to 60 degrees - 0.055 gcal / m3 (in the absence of a common house heat meter).
1991.13 rub/Gcal X 0.055 gcal/m3 = 109.51 rub/m3.
In the presence of a common house heat meter.
The component for thermal energy for the needs of hot water supply is determined according to the indications of a common house metering device for hot water consumption. The amount of thermal energy recorded by a common house meter is distributed in proportion to the consumed volume of hot water.
The cost of heating cold water up to 60 degrees in the absence of a common house heat meter is added up:
Tariff for production of 1 Gcal - 1991.13 rubles / Gcal
The actual amount of thermal energy that went to heat 1 m3 of cold water to 60 degrees is 0.065 Gcal/m3.
1991.13 rub/Gcal X 0.065 gcal/m3 = 129.42 rub/m3.
- The total cost of consumed hot water with an individual water meter and the absence of a common house meter:
90.81 RUB/m3 + 109.5 RUB/m3 = 200.31 RUB/m3
- The total cost of consumed hot water in the absence of an individual water meter and the absence of a common house meter:
105.95 RUB/m3 + 109.5 RUB/m3 = 215.45 RUB/m3
- The total cost of consumed hot water in the presence of an individual water meter and a common house meter:
90.81 RUB/m3 +129.42 RUB/m3 = 220.29 RUB/m3
When paying utility bills, many people are surprised to see the phrase “water heating” on the receipt. In fact, this innovation was adopted back in 2013. According to Government Decree No. 406, if there is centralized system water supply, payment must be made at a two-component tariff.
Thus, the tariff was divided into two components: the use of cold water and heat energy. Now the calculation is made separately for two resources: water for hot water supply and thermal energy. That is why a column appeared in the receipts, which means the amount of thermal energy spent on heating cold water. However, many believe that heating fees are charged illegally, and they write complaints to housing and communal services. To verify the legitimacy of this type of accrual, you should learn more about this service.
The reason for this innovation was the additional use of energy. Risers and heated towel rails connected to the hot water supply system consume thermal energy, but this expense was not previously taken into account in the calculation of utility bills. Since payment for heat supply can only be charged during the heating period, heating the air through the use of a heated towel rail was not paid as a utility service. The government found a way out of this situation by dividing the tariff into two components.
Equipment
If the water heater fails, the hot water bill will not increase. In this case, authorized personnel managing organization required to repair equipment urgently. But since the repair requires payment, this amount must still be paid by the tenants. While the heating bill will remain the same, there will be an increase in the repair and maintenance charges. This is because water heaters are part of the property of homeowners.
As for non-standard situations, when, for example, some apartments in high-rise building has access to hot water, and the second - only to cold, questions regarding payment for heating are resolved on an individual basis. As practice shows, tenants are often required to pay for common property that they do not use.
Component "thermal energy"
If everything is quite simple with the calculation of payment for cold water (it is carried out on the basis of an established tariff), then not everyone understands what is included in the cost of such a service as heating.
The amount for paying for such a service as water heating is calculated taking into account the following components:
- established tariff for thermal energy;
- expenses necessary for the maintenance of a centralized hot water supply system (from central heating points where water is heated);
- cost of thermal energy loss in pipelines;
- expenses necessary for the implementation of the transportation of hot water.
The calculation of payment for utility services for hot water supply is made taking into account the volume of water used, which is measured in m 3.
As a rule, the amount of required thermal energy is determined on the basis of the general house values, which are shown by hot water meters and consumed thermal energy. The amount of energy used in each room is calculated by multiplying the volume of water used (determined by the meter) by the specific heat energy consumption. The amount of energy is multiplied by the tariff. The resulting value is the amount needed to pay for what is written on the receipt as “water heating”.
How to calculate on your own in 2018-2019
Water heating is one of the most expensive utilities. This is due to the fact that during heating it is necessary to use special equipment powered by the mains. To make sure the receipt shows the correct amount due, you can do the calculations yourself and compare the amount received with the amount shown on the receipt. To do this, you need to find out the amount of payment for thermal energy, established by the regional tariff commission. Further calculations depend on the presence or absence of metering devices:
- If you have a meter installed in your apartment, then you can calculate the consumption of thermal energy, focusing on its indicator.
- If there is no meter, calculations should be made based on the established regulatory indicators (set by an energy-saving organization).
If there is a common heat energy consumption meter in a residential building and individual meters installed in apartments, the charge for heating is calculated based on the readings of the common meter and further proportional distribution for each apartment. If such a device is not available, the amount required to pay for heating is calculated based on the standard energy consumption for heating 1 m 3 of water in the reporting month and the readings of an individual water meter.
Where to file a complaint
If the legitimacy of the appearance of an additional line “water heating” in the receipts is in question, in order not to overpay for heating, it is recommended that you first contact the Criminal Code with a request to explain what this item means. The appearance of a new line in the receipt is legal only on the basis of the decision of the owner of the MKD premises. In the absence of such a decision, a complaint should be written to the GZhI. After filing a claim with the Criminal Code, you must provide a response with explanations within thirty days. In case of refusal to justify why such a service is prescribed in the receipt, a complaint should be filed with the prosecutor's office with a lawsuit in court. In this case, if you have already paid the amount indicated in the receipt, article 395 will serve as the basis for the claim. Civil Code RF. If a refund is not required, but you still have to pay for services that you are not provided with, file a claim to exclude the "heating water" line. In this case, it is worth referring to Article 16 of the Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights".
Hello! please help me figure it out. Our HOA changed the Criminal Code. The new Criminal Code charges us a fee for hot water referring to the methodology from Decree P No. 354 .. The fee for hot water in our receipts is divided into two parts - individual consumption and ODN and consists of 2 lines: HOV and heating. There are no problems with the first line in individual consumption .. there is the volume (according to the meter in the apartment) and the tariff ... but they calculate the heating (i.e. the number of Kcal for heating) based on the general house water consumption (according to the house meter) and calculate the share of my calories based on the amount of HOB on my counter. It turns out 0.74 calories (for my 6 cubes) and the fee in the line of individual consumption in the new receipts has doubled. The previous company calculated more simply, they simply took my consumption of CHOW by the meter and multiplied it by the approved standard for heating 1 cubic meter of water 0.0615. and the difference between the general house expense and the amount according to the tenant's counters was scattered in parts of the ODN in proportion to the area. In the new receipts, the basement with ODN is reset to zero ... that is, as I understand it, new company considers us all together without sharing the general needs of the house and the intra-apartment ones .. or am I mistaken?
I revised Decree 354 .. and did not find a formula there according to which hot water supply should be calculated in apartment buildings with centralized water supply (open circuit).. Help me figure it out.. Are the actions of the new Criminal Code legal? Thank you!
Hello Natalia!
To begin with, as our President Vladimir Putin likes to say, "let's separate the flies from the cutlets: flies - separately, cutlets - separately!"
In our case, “cutlets” we will have a hot water supply (DHW) scheme for your home, and “flies” - what and how the new Criminal Code thinks. We will deal with the "flies" in the second turn.
To begin with, we will deal with the "cutlets":
Please specify:
At the beginning of the letter, you write: "... The payment for hot water in our receipts ... consists of 2 lines: HOB and heating ...".
As far as I know and understand the heat power engineering of housing and communal services, such a division of the payment for hot water supply is used in a CLOSED heat supply system - in which two pipelines (direct and return) for heat supply (heating) go from your quarterly boiler house (or from a CHPP), and water for hot water supply is heated by part heating water in water heaters (boilers) located in each house (or group of houses).
Do you have a hot water boiler in your house?
With regard to payment for hot water supply with a CLOSED heat supply system: regulatory and technical documents allow two methods for calculating and paying for hot water supply, depending on which method is more suitable for the specific conditions of the city, from the calculation system adopted in the city between house management companies, Teploenergo and Vodokanal, or which is more "liked" by the authorities and accountants.
First:
the payment is taken under the “hot water supply” item, which includes the amount of payment for heat received from the boiler house and spent in the boiler for heating water, plus payment for cold water supplied by Vodokanal and then heated in the boiler and used by residents. Then this payment from all residents, received by the house management company, is divided by accounting between Teploenergo and Vodokanal according to the rules known to them.
Second:
The fee is charged in two ways:
- “hot water supply” is a payment for the heat received from the boiler house and spent in the boiler for heating water. As a rule, this money goes directly to Teploenergo without "shrinkage and shrinkage" in the management company;
- “cold water for hot water supply” - payment for water supplied by Vodokanal and then heated in a boiler and consumed by residents. As a rule, this money goes directly to Vodokanal without "shrinkage and shrinkage" in the UK.
If there is a charge for "cold water for hot water supply", then the charge for "hot water supply" should be reduced by the same amount.
However, at the end of the letter you write: “... I didn’t find in Decree No. 354 ... the formula by which hot water supply in MKD houses with centralized hot water supply should be calculated (open scheme)”
OPEN DHW system is a system when water for DHW purposes is heated in a boiler house (CHP), goes through a separate pipeline and is then distributed through the water taps of the MKD. In this case, the payment for hot water supply is determined in accordance with paragraphs 1 (for an apartment equipped with an individual meter) and 10, 13 (for a single unit in a house with a common house meter) of Appendix 2 "Calculation of the amount of payment for utilities" of Resolution No. 354.
What is the DHW system in your house - CLOSED or OPEN?
Natalia! Let's move on to the "flies".
Unfortunately, according to the figures and reasoning you presented, without having before your eyes (in your hands) the texts of your letter to the Criminal Code with a demand to provide you with written explanations on the problem of calculating the payment for hot water supply and the corresponding answers of the Criminal Code, it is very difficult to give you an intelligible answer.
If you did not write such a letter, demand that the Criminal Code provide you with an explanation on the basis of which documents the calculations were made, indicating their names, articles and clauses, including calculations according to the forms of the relevant clauses 1, 10, 13 (or others, according to who made the calculations?) Appendix 2 "Calculation of the amount of payment for utilities" of Resolution No. 354.
In your letter, refer to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the “Information Disclosure Standard for Organizations Operating in the Field of Management of Apartment Buildings” (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 23, 2010 No. 731), as well as paragraph 31 of the “Rules for the provision of communal services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings ”(approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011):
“…31. The contractor is obliged:
... e) DIRECTLY AT THE CONSUMER'S APPLICATION, check the correctness of the calculation of the amount of utility bills presented to the consumer for payment, debts or overpayments of the consumer for utilities, ... and immediately, based on the results of the verification, issue to the consumer documents containing correctly calculated payments. The documents issued to the consumer at his request must be certified by the signature of the head and the seal of the contractor.
The course of our further considerations and actions will depend on your answers.
Good luck with your DHW bill!
reply from Yury Kalnin
|
Uv.Yuri, hello! Thanks for your reply. There are no boilers in our house. We have in the entire Avtozavodsky district open system hot water supply. And in many companies, hot water supply is divided into two lines: hot water and heating. (my mother lives in the next quarter, 9th floor. MKD they have hot water in one line .. tariff 109, / 83 r \ m3) reply from Natalia Hello Natalia! I understood this: Avtozavodskoy district is a district of the city of Togliatti ?, since from the years you mentioned. Samara and Togliatti Avtozavodskoy district is only in Togliatti. From pleasant memories of youth, let's move on to business. While I delve into your numbers. For some reason I can't "get my head" into the "method" of the chairman of the board of your HOA. She's kind of smart. It would be nice to have before your eyes payment document(invoice receipt). Please use in your letters only the generally accepted wording and abbreviations of the technical values used in the laws and NTD for housing and communal services. I will also get acquainted with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 8, 2012 No. 1149 mentioned by you, the tariffs of the heat and power company Tevis, the order of the Ministry of the Samara Region No. 418 and other documents of the housing and communal services of Togliatti. I am aware of this document: Guidelines(MR) for the calculation and collection of payments from the population for housing and communal services "Gosstroy, LLC" Scientific and Consulting Center for Housing and Communal Services "(" NCC Housing and Utilities ") Moscow 2003, and in it clause 3.3 "Heating and hot water supply". Natalia! Do not you consider it appropriate and convenient to continue the exchange of information-consultations on hot water supply (and on other issues of housing and communal services) by e-mail. addresses? If you kindly ask the administration of this site (E-mail [email protected]) send me your email. address, I will answer you and you will have my address - it will be more convenient than asking and answering for housing and communal services. And once again I repeat my opinion - if you want to succeed, everything business conversation with housing and communal services and authorities lead to writing(or by e-mail). reply from Yury Kalnin |
When paying for utilities, consumers see various abbreviations on the receipts. It is important to know what is behind these letters and where the money goes. DHW is a hot water service. But what it includes and what it consists of, let's take a closer look.
Regulatory framework and definitions
Hot water, centrally supplied to consumers, in accordance with the provisions of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/2011, is one of the communal resources. A utility service is the provision of a resource to a consumer by a service provider (supplier).
That is, in the case of hot water supply, a utility service is the supply of hot water of the required parameters to apartments in apartment buildings, dormitory rooms, enterprises and public buildings (hospitals, laundries, kindergartens, etc.).
Services for the supply of hot water to residents are provided by the heating network, which is also responsible for the implementation of centralized heating of residential and public buildings.
Service features
The preparation of hot water for the needs of hot water supply occurs at centralized heating boilers, in the same place where the heat carrier of the heating system is heated.
Boilers can be connected to a looped DHW system or be dead-end - designed for a group of houses or one house (for example, rooftop boilers). The closer the consumer is to the source of hot water (boiler house), the better the service will be, the higher the water temperature. However, connection to looped networks is preferable in terms of reliability and uninterrupted hot water supply.
The service includes:
- Boiler service. Unlike heating, hot water is provided all year round, while the boiler houses switch to the summer (minimum) mode of operation.
- Track maintenance.
- Carrying out planned maintenance work on networks.
Water heated in the boiler room for open (non-closed) DHW systems enters the apartments of consumers through the supply water pipes, being distributed through the domestic hot water networks.
It should be remembered that hot water cannot be used for cooking due to the presence of additives in it - special additives that reduce the level of scale formation on the inner walls of pipelines.
The temperature of hot water at consumers is regulated by sanitary and legal norms and is + 50 ... + 65 ° С. In fact, it often does not exceed +40 °C.
This is due to heat losses during the supply of coolant along the routes (poor-quality pipe insulation, gusts) or due to low temperature at the outlet of the boiler room. Boiler room operators adjust the output parameters based on the outdoor temperature.
The task of the service provider is to provide the apartments with a communal resource of proper quality. Sometimes the heating system justifies poor quality rendering services in the deplorable state of networks - routes built in the last century that require overhaul, will not withstand the temperature difference in winter time, if the parameters of the coolant at the outlet of the boiler house are maintained at the standard level.
It turns out a vicious circle - many residents often do not pay for hot water due to its low temperature, or even refuse this service, switching to electric water heating. And heating companies cannot produce repair work, because the debt of the population to pay does not give them an inflow of funds.
On the video about the DHW service
Outcome
Pay or not for DHW service if it turns out to be of insufficient quality, it is a purely personal matter. It is important to understand that by deciding to go down the path of non-payment, you do not just need to produce debts. It is necessary to collect the evidence base according to the following scheme: make commission measurements of water temperature, send the results to the service provider. Be sure to get an official response explaining the reasons for the low quality of the service. Having collected a package of evidence, you can go to court to defend your rights.
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