What does the sequential subordination of subordinate clauses mean. Parallel subordination of subordinate clauses: subtleties, scheme, options

NGN with multiple clauses

A table with examples will help determine which types are divided into

complex sentences with three or more predicative parts.

Type of subordination of the subordinate part of the main	Examples
Sequential	[The guys rushed into the river with a run], (the water in which had already warmed up enough), (because last days it was incredibly hot).
Parallel	(TOwhen the speaker finished speaking), [silence reigned in the hall], (as the audience was shocked by what they heard).
Homogeneous	[Anton Pavlovich talked about] (that reinforcements will arrive soon) and (that you just need to be patient a little).

Should be remembered

A good assistant in mastering the NGN with several subordinate clauses - exercises, the implementation of which will help consolidate the knowledge gained.

In this case, it is better to act according to the algorithm:

Select all means of communication, not forgetting about compound or used conjunctions. Establish semantic connections between the parts: to do this, first find the main one, then ask a question (s) from it to the subordinate (s).

Build a diagram, showing on it with arrows the dependence of parts on each other, put punctuation marks in it. Move commas into the written sentence.

Thus, attentiveness in the construction and analysis (including punctuation) of a complex sentence - NGN with several specific clauses - and reliance on the above features of this syntactic construction will provide correct execution proposed tasks.

Exercises on the topic " NGN with several clauses "

Exercise 1.DEFINE THE TYPE OF SUBMISSION IN NGN:

1. A hero is a person who, at a decisive moment, does what needs to be done in the interests of human society.

2. In order to develop character, one must cultivate will in oneself, since a person without will is a toy in the hands of every rogue.

3. In order not to impoverish one's life, in order to be happy, a person must be able to understand the other.

4. When you see a person whose face is distorted with anger, you just need to smile.

5. In the morning, Repin hurried to the studio and literally tortured himself with creativity, because he was an unparalleled worker and was even ashamed of the passion for work that forced him to give all his strength to the canvases from dawn to dusk.

6. It used to happen that you enter the room, which was located under his workshop, you hear the clatter of his senile feet, because after each stroke he leaves to look at his canvas.

7. It is not known what Prishvin would have done in his life if he had remained an agronomist.

9. From people who have just put down the Prishvin book I read, I heard several times that his books are "real witchcraft."

10. In the silence, it was clearly heard how a man groaned and how hard the crust crunched under the feet of a bear, which was driven out of the forest by an unusual rumble and crackle.

Exercise 2. Determine the type of subordination of subordinate clauses in the NGN.

1. In order to imagine Vera's life, he had to travel back a quarter of a century back to the time when he was a student, thin, mobile.
2. When everyone went out to dinner and she was left alone with Ulyasha, Zhenya remembered everything in detail.
3. They were sitting at one of the windows, which were so dusty, prim and huge that they seemed to be some kind of institutions made of bottle glass, where you can’t stay in a hat.
4. And in the morning she began to ask questions about what Motovilikha was and what they did there at night.
5. Before telling about my journey to the “land of fearless birds”, I would like to explain why I decided to go from the center of the mental life of our country to the wilds.
6. When Zhenya later recalled that day on Osinskaya Street, where they then lived, he seemed to her always sad.
7. It was said in the corps that his irresistible ferocity was tamed by the general's quiet, like an angel, whom none of the cadets saw, because she was constantly ill.
8. Pierre, who was fondled and celebrated when he was the best suitor Russian Empire after his marriage, he lost much in the opinion of society.
9. And dad read a note that last night the seismic station of the observatory noted small tremors in our city, a consequence of a distant earthquake, the epicenter of which is located on the Asian coast of the Black Sea in Turkey, where several villages were destroyed.
10. He is glad that he has returned and that he will meet this day with his comrades.
11. Accompanied by a telephonist with a cable reel and two messengers, they ended up at the top when the sun was already approaching the horizon and its first rays were trying to break through the sky covered with clouds and a veil of smoke.
12. Zvyagintsev could not understand where he was, although he knew the area well.
13. He painfully tried to remember what these places looked like before, in order to orient himself.
14. They [the old men] said that when the tunnel was finished, it was necessary to transfer the wagons to Bek-Tash.
15. Artemiev confirmed that the leading surgeon of the medical battalion is still the same as he was under Serpilin.
16. Having reported to the general everything that was needed, he went into his room, in which, having returned a long time ago and waiting for him, Prince Galtsin was sitting.
17. We calculated that if we go along the path, we will go to the Naina River to the Koreans.
18. And, of course, they did not notice that on one of the pages of this newspaper is printed the very poem that Byron mentally recited.

Answers to exercise No. 2 on the topic "Types of subordination of subordinate clauses in the composition of NGN".

1. parallel
2. homogeneous
3. sequential
4. homogeneous
5. parallel
6. sequential
7. sequential
8. sequential
9.consecutive
10. homogeneous
11. homogeneous
12. parallel
13. parallel
14. sequential
15. sequential
16. parallel
17. sequential
18. sequential

Test on the topic "Complex sentence with several subordinate clauses"

1. In which complex sentence between the main and subordinate clauses sequential submission?

1) The more a person knows, the more he sees the poetry of the earth where a person with meager knowledge will never find it.

2) Savrasov looked to us from another world, where giant sorcerers live and from where it is impossible to leave with impunity for a long time.

3) It began to slightly press on the whiskey, as it presses on the head when you circle for a long time on a carousel.

4) I was born in a forest farm and spent part of my childhood in dense forests, where bears walk on foot along portages and impassable swamps, and wolves drag in packs.

2. In which complex sentence is there a homogeneous subordination between the main and subordinate clauses?

1) He gently kissed his wife and went into the room where his paints, brushes, canvas were waiting for him - everything without which he could not imagine a single day of life.

2) From the Kremlin wall, on which Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich stands, you can see how rowers are exhausted, struggling with the current.

3) One could hear the Neva splashing uneasily nearby and a wet flag humming somewhere above the rooftops.

4) When this conversation was going on, in next room there was a rural miller, whom Ivan Kolymet called to Kurbsky's estate to grind grain.

3. In which complex sentence is there a heterogeneous (parallel) subordination between the main and subordinate clauses?

1) Everything that the company had to do in the dark, Ryumin not only knew consistently, but also saw in that sharpened ray of light that was centered in his mind.

2) Although there is an inscription above the gate that the building is under state protection, no one is guarding it.

3) Ignatius Khvostov told his comrades about who Trajan was and what cruel persecutions he subjected the first Christians to.

4) It is not known whether the yacht was built before Peter's first arrival by Bazhenin, or whether it was presented to the Russian Tsar by Dutch merchants.

4. Explain the placement of a comma and a dash in a complex sentence.

But for the villages to fall,

So that the fields are empty -

We are blessed

The king of heaven gave hardly! (A. K. Tolstoy).

1. A comma separates subordinate clauses of a sentence, and a dash separates two homogeneous clauses from the main clause.

2. A comma separates the subordinate clauses of the sentence, and a dash separates the homogeneous clauses in front of the main part, since when reading between them, a significant pause is made (for the purpose of intonational emphasis of the clauses).

5. With the help of what sign are homogeneous subordinate clauses separated in the structure of a polynomial complex sentence?

There was that pre-night hour when the outlines, lines, colors, distances are erased, when the daylight is still confused, inextricably entwined, with the night (M. Sholokhov).

1. Comma.

2. Semicolon, since homogeneous clauses are common: there are homogeneous members and a separate turn.

6. What type of subordination is presented in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses?

I don't know if the grace will touch My painfully sinful soul, Will it succeed in resurrecting and rising. Will spiritual fainting go away? (F. Tyutchev).

1. Homogeneous subordination.

2. Heterogeneous subordination.

7. Do I need a comma at the junction of two subordinating conjunctions in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses? How many commas should be in this sentence?

Fyodor expected that when he saw not a reproduction, but a canvas which the hand of Surikov himself touched, he should deafen him, take his breath, then he should dream at night (V. Tendryakov).

1. A comma is needed; just seven commas.

2. No comma needed; just six commas.

8. Determine the type of subordination in a polynomial complex sentence.

At this time, it is usually indecent for ladies to go, because the Russian people love to express themselves in such harsh expressions, which they probably will not hear even in the theater (N. Gogol).

1. Heterogeneous subordination.

2. Consistent submission.

9. Determine the types of subordinate clauses in a polynomial complex sentence. What type of subordination is presented in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses?

And so that the children would not tease the beggar, he [Nosopyr] pretended to be a cow doctor, carried a canvas bag with a red cross on his side, where he kept a chisel for chopping hooves and dry bunches of St. John's wort grass (V. Belov).

1. Heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses: the subordinate clause of the goal and the subordinate clause are attached to the main part.

2. Heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses: the subordinate clause of the goal and the clause of the place are attached to the main part.

10. How many parts does this complex sentence with several subordinate clauses consist of and what type of subordination is presented in it?

The next day Sanin was still in bed, like Emil already, in a festive dress, with a cane in his hand and heavily oiled, burst into his room and announced that Herr Kluber would immediately arrive with a carriage, that the weather promised to be amazing, that they had everything is ready, but that mother will not go, because her head aches again (I. Turgenev).

1. The proposal contains eight parts; homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses is presented.

2. The proposal contains seven parts; mixed subordination of subordinate clauses is presented.

11. What type of subordination is presented in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses? Explain why only one comma is used in the sentence.

When winter came and the garden and the house were covered with snow, a wolf howl was heard at night (A. N. Tolstoy).

1. A sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.

2. A sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

12. Analyze complex sentences. Select simple parts, set their number. Determine the nature of the relationship between them.

At times, Maria was ready to believe that some ancient artist miraculously guessed that the girl Maria would one day appear in the world, and in advance created her a portrait in bas-relief of a mysterious, enchanted palace, which was supposed to remain untouchable underground for centuries (V. Bryusov) .

1. The proposal consists of four parts, connected by mixed subordination.

2. The sentence consists of five parts, connected by a homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

13. Analyze complex polynomial sentences with subordination. Set the method of connection between the subordinate and main parts, name the type of subordinate.

Since Chekhov had no novels, it seemed obvious that he had nothing to do with Dostoevsky, Turgenev, or Goncharov (M. Gromov).

1. The subordinate part of the cause is attached to the main part by means of a semantic causal union because; the subordinate explanatory clause is attached to the main part through the functional union what; the polynomial presents a heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

2. A sentence with consistent subordination of subordinate clauses; the subordinate part of the cause is attached to the main part with a semantic causal union since; the subordinate explanatory clause is attached to the main part with a functional union that.

14. How many commas should be placed in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses? Name the type of subordination of subordinate parts to the main one.

In the middle of the day, a cow was released into the field so that she would walk at will and so that she would feel better (A. Platonov).

1. One comma; homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

2. Two commas; heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

15. Name the type of subordinate clauses, set the method of connection of the subordinate and main parts.

The fog lasted for a long time, until eleven o'clock, until some kind of force was found that lifted it up (V. Rasputin).

1. Offer with mixed submission; the clause of time is attached to the main part with a semantic temporary union until, the attributive clause is attached to the main part with the allied word which.

2. Offer with consistent submission; the clause of time is attached to the main part with a semantic temporary union until, the attributive clause is attached to the main part with the allied word which.

16. Do I need a comma at the junction of two unions - coordinating and subordinating? How many commas should be included in this complex sentence?

That night, Chubarev also did not go to bed, and when he finally escorted everyone out of the office and looked at his watch, he only shrugged his shoulders (P. Proskurin).

1. No comma needed; two commas.

2. A comma is needed; three commas.

3. A comma is needed; five commas.

17. Determine the type of subordination in a polynomial complex sentence. Do I need a comma before the union And?

When burdocks rustle in the ravine

And a bunch of yellow-red rowan droops,

I compose funny poems

About life perishable, perishable and beautiful (A. Akhmatova).

1. Heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses; a comma is needed.

2. Homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses; comma is not needed.

Complex sentence with several subordinate clauses (answers)

1. 3)
2. 3)
3. 1)
4. 2)
5. 2)
6. 1)
7. 1)
8. 2)
9. 1)
10. 2)
11. 2)
12. 1)
13. 1)
14. 1)
15. 2)
16. 1)
17. 2)

Polynomial complex sentences (SPS) are divided into two types. The first type includes NGNs, in which all subordinate clauses belong to the main sentence. Depending on the meaning of subordinate clauses and their relationship to the main one, they divide homogeneous suggestions and heterogeneous.

Homogeneous and heterogeneous

Homogeneous are called subordinate clauses relating to the same member of the main clause, or to the main clause as a whole. They are connected to each other by writing or unionless bond and are called subordinate subordinates.

Examples: I saw how she was leaving, and how long he looked after her.

Until recently, we recalled that we were very friendly with him and that at every opportunity we tried to see each other.

Inhomogeneous are called subordinate clauses related to different types by meaning, as well as subordinate clauses of the same type, but related to different members of the main clause.

Examples: When he came up, I asked where to go next.

He explained that we would have to leave as soon as possible and added that he would give us some food for the journey.

The second type is formed by NGN, in which the subordinate clauses form a logical chain, that is, the first refers to the main one, the second to the first, the third to the second, etc. Such subordination is called sequential, and subordinate clauses - respectively, subordinate clauses of the first degree, subordinate clauses of the second degree, etc.

Example: I thought it was time to move already, to be where we were supposed to meet in the evening.

Also, complex sentences with several subordinate clauses can combine both types.

For example: Yesterday he said that people were leaving their homes, and that soon there would be no one to grow wheat, and that no one knew what to do.

We were told that we would have to be there when the guests arrived to open the door and take on our coats.

In the first example, the first three clauses refer to the main clause, and the last clause (what to do) refers to the clause "what no one knows". In the second, the first clause is a clause of the first degree (the second type of SPP), and the remaining three clauses are not only clauses of the second degree, but also heterogeneous (the first type of SPP).

Also, polynomial complex sentences include those in which one subordinate clause is given question from two or more main sentences. In this case, the main sentences are interconnected by a non-union or coordinative connection.

Example: He was clearly in pain, he was choking, and his heart was beating wildly when the ambulance finally arrived.

Considers the structure of phrases and sentences. At the same time, the construction and punctuation of various types of complex sentences usually cause particular difficulty, especially with three or more predicative parts. Consider on concrete examples types of NGN with several subordinate clauses, ways of connecting the main and subordinate parts in them, rules for putting punctuation marks in them.

Complex sentence: definition

To clearly express a thought, we use a different sentence characterized by the fact that two or more predicative parts are distinguished in it. They can be equivalent in relation to each other or enter into a relationship of dependence. NGN is such a sentence in which the subordinate part is subordinate to the main part and joins it with the help of subordinating conjunctions and / or For example, " [Styopka was very tired in the evening], (WHY?) (since he walked at least ten kilometers in a day)". Hereinafter, the main part is denoted, round - dependent. Accordingly, in NGN with several clauses, at least three predicative parts, two of which will be dependent: " [The area, (WHAT?) (which they were passing now), was well known to Andrei Petrovich], (WHY?) (since a good half of his childhood passed here)". It is important to correctly determine the sentences where you need to put commas.

NGN with multiple clauses

A table with examples will help determine what types of complex sentences with three or more predicative parts are divided into.

Type of subordination of the subordinate part of the main	Example
Sequential	The guys rushed into the river with a run, the water in which had already warmed up enough, because the last few days had been incredibly hot.
Parallel (non-uniform)	When the speaker finished speaking, there was silence in the hall, as the audience was shocked by what they heard.
Homogeneous	Anton Pavlovich said that reinforcements would soon arrive and that you just need to be patient a little.
FROM different types subordination	Nastenka reread the letter for the second time, which was trembling in her hands, and thought that now she would have to quit her studies, that her hopes for new life were not justified.

Let's figure out how to correctly determine the type of subordination in NGN with several subordinate clauses. The examples above will help.

Sequential submission

In a sentence " [The guys ran into the river] 1 , (the water in which has already warmed up enough) 2 , (because the last few days have been incredibly hot) 3»First, we select three parts. Then, with the help of questions, we establish semantic relationships: [... X], (in which ... X), (because ...). We see that the second part has become the main one for the third.

Let's take another example. " [There was a vase with wild flowers on the table], (which the guys gathered), (when they went to the forest on an excursion)". The scheme of this NGN is similar to the first: [... X], (which ... X), (when ...).

With homogeneous subordination, each subsequent part depends on the previous one. Such NGN with several subordinate clauses - examples confirm this - resemble a chain, where each subsequent link joins the one in front.

Parallel (heterogeneous) subordination

In this case, all subordinate clauses refer to the main part (to the whole part or the word in it), but they answer different questions and differ in meaning. " (When the speaker finished speaking) 1 , [there was silence in the hall] 2 , (as the audience was shocked by what they heard) 3 » . Let's analyze this NGN with several clauses. Its scheme will look like this: (when ...), [... X], (since ...). We see that the first subordinate part (it stands before the main one) denotes time, and the second - the reason. Therefore, they will answer different questions. Second example: [Vladimir certainly needed to find out today] 1, (at what time the train from Tyumen arrives) 2, (in order to have time to meet a friend) 3". The first subordinate clause is explanatory, the second is purpose.

Homogeneous submission

This is the case when it is appropriate to draw an analogy with another well-known syntactic construction. For registration of PP with homogeneous members and such NGN with several subordinate clauses, the rules are the same. Indeed, in the sentence [Anton Pavlovich talked about] 1, (that reinforcements will arrive soon) 2 and (that you just need to be patient a little) 3» subordinate parts - 2nd and 3rd - refer to one word, answer the question "what?" and both are explanatory. In addition, they are interconnected with the help of the union And, which is not preceded by a comma. Imagine this in a diagram: [... X], (what ...) and (what ...).

In NGN with several subordinate clauses, with homogeneous subordination between the clauses, any coordinating conjunctions are sometimes used - the punctuation rules will be the same as in the design homogeneous members- and the subordinating union in the second part may be completely absent. For example, " [He stood at the window for a long time and looked] 1, (as cars drove up to the house one after another) 2 and (workers unloaded building materials) 3».

NGN with several subordinate clauses with different types of subordination

Very often, four or more parts are distinguished as part of a complex sentence. In this case, they can communicate with each other in different ways. Let's look at the example in the table: [Nastenka re-read the letter for the second time, (which was shaking in her hands) 2 , and thought] 1 , (that now she would have to quit her studies) 3 , (that her hopes for a new life were not justified) 4". This is a sentence with parallel (heterogeneous) (P 1,2,3-4) and homogeneous (P 2,3,4) subordination: [... X, (which ...), ... X], (what ...), (what ... ). Or another option: [All the way Tatyana was silent and only looked out the window] 1, (behind which flashed small, closely located villages) 2, (where people fussed) 3 and (work was in full swing) 4)". This is a complex sentence with sequential (P 1,2,3 and P 1,2,4) and homogeneous (P 2,3,4) subordination: [... X], (followed by ...), (where ...) and (... ).

Punctuation marks at the junction of unions

To arrange in a complex sentence, it is usually enough to correctly determine the boundaries of the predicative parts. The complexity, as a rule, is the punctuation of NGN with several subordinate clauses - examples of schemes: [... X], (when, (which ...), ...) or [... X], [... X], (how (with whom ...), then ...) - when two subordinating unions (allied words) are nearby. This is characteristic of sequential submission. In such a case, you need to pay attention to the presence of the second part of the double union in the sentence. For example, " [An open book remained on the sofa] 1, (which, (if there was time) 3, Konstantin would certainly have read to the end) 2 ". Second option: " [I swear] 1 , (that (when I get back from my trip home) 3 , I will definitely visit you and tell you everything in detail) 2 ". When working with such NGN with several clauses, the rules are as follows. If the second clause can be excluded from the sentence without compromising the meaning, a comma is placed between unions (and / or allied words), if not, it is absent. Let's return to the first example: " [There was a book on the sofa] 1, (which had to be finished in time) 2 ". In the second case, with the exclusion of the second subordinate part grammatical structure sentences will be broken by the word "then".

Should be remembered

A good assistant in mastering the NGN with several subordinate clauses - exercises, the implementation of which will help consolidate the knowledge gained. In this case, it is better to act according to the algorithm.

Read the sentence carefully and indicate grammar basics and indicate the boundaries of predicative parts (simple sentences).
Select all means of communication, not forgetting about compound or used conjunctions.
Establish semantic connections between the parts: to do this, first find the main one, then ask a question (s) from it to the subordinate (s).
Build a diagram, showing on it with arrows the dependence of parts on each other, put punctuation marks in it. Move commas into the written sentence.

And everything connected with it is studied in the school course of the Russian language, and is also included in the examination work.

Variants of subordination of dependent parts (successive subordination of subordinate clauses as well) will be discussed below.

Complex sentence: types of subordinate clauses

A complex sentence is a sentence where there are two or more grammatical bases, one of which is the main one, the rest are dependent. For example, the fire went out(main part), when morning came(dependent part). Subordinate, or dependent, parts can be of different types, it all depends on the question that is asked from the main sentence to the dependent. Yes, when asked which the dependent part is considered definitive: the forest (what?) in which we walked has thinned out. If the question of circumstance is attached to the dependent part, then the subordinate part is defined as adverbial. Finally, if the question to the dependent part is one of the questions of indirect cases, then the subordinate clause is called explanatory.

Complex sentence: several subordinate clauses

Often in texts and exercises there are several subordinate clauses. At the same time, not only the subordinate clauses themselves can be different, but also the way they are subordinated to the main clause or to each other.

Method of subordination of subordinate clauses

Name	Description	Example
Parallel subordination	The main clause includes dependent parts of various types.	When the ice broke, the fishing began, which the men had been waiting for all winter.(Main sentence: fishing has begun. First adverbial adjective: started (when?); second adjective: fishing (what?).
Homogeneous submission	The main clause includes dependent parts of the same type.	Everyone knows how the BAM was built and how dearly the people paid for it.(Main sentence: everyone knows. It includes both subordinate explanatory clauses: how BAM was built And how dearly the people paid for it. Clauses are homogeneous, as they refer to a single word - known they ask one question: it is known that?)
Sequential submission	The main clause has one subordinate clause, on which other subordinate clauses depend.	He guessed that they didn't like the movie they saw.(From the main sentence he guessed one adjective depends: that they didn't like the movie. From the subordinate clause related to the main clause, something else depends: which they saw.

To determine the parallel, homogeneous, sequential subordination of subordinate clauses is a task that causes difficulties for students. Solving this issue, it is necessary first of all to find the main sentence, and then, asking questions from it, determine the nature of subordination.

Subordination and sequential subordination

In complex sentences, in which there are several predicative stems, there may be subordination of subordinate clauses. Subordinate clauses are subordinate clauses that depend on a single main clause. Sequential subordination is different from subordination. The fact is that in compound sentences with sequential subordination, not all subordinate clauses depend on the main clause, that is, they do not have subordination.

It is not an easy task to determine the types of subordinate clauses, especially in sentences with sequential subordination. The question is how to find the consistent subordination of the subordinate clauses.

Read the offer carefully.
Highlight grammar points.
Determine if the sentence is complex. In other words, find out if there is a main and dependent parts, or parts complex sentence are equal.
Identify subordinate clauses related directly to the main clause.
The subordinate clause, which is not related in meaning to the main clause, will refer to another part dependent on the main clause. This is the sequential subordination of subordinate parts.

Following this algorithm, you can quickly find the offer specified in the task.

The main thing is to know the answer to the question, the consistent subordination of subordinate clauses - what is it? This is a complex sentence, where such a subordinate clause depends on the main clause, which is the main one for another subordinate clause.

The structure of sentences with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses

Structurally, the most interesting is a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. A chain of interdependent clauses can be located both outside the main clause and inside it.

The day they spent in the sunny city, where there are many historical monuments, they will remember forever.

Here is the main suggestion they will remember the day forever encircles related subordinate clauses. The subordinate clause depends on the main clause which they spent in the sunny city. This subordinate part is the main one for the subordinate defining part. where there are many historical monuments. Therefore, this is a consistent subordination of subordinate clauses. In another sentence He saw the owner scolding his cat for catching a chicken the main clause is located outside the subordinate clauses.

Examples of sequential subordination of subordinate clauses

Sequential subordination of subordinate parts is used as in colloquial speech as well as in writing. Such sentences are found in fiction. For example, A.S. Pushkin: Natalya Gavrilovna was famous at the assemblies as the best dancer, which was ... the reason for the misconduct of Korsakov, who came the next day to apologize to Gavrilo Afanasyevich; at L.N. Tolstoy: He remembered how once he thought that his husband had found out, and was preparing for a duel ... in which he intended to shoot in the air; from I.A. Bunin: And when I looked up, it again seemed to me ... that this silence is a mystery, a part of what is beyond the cognizable.

Grechishnikova Marina Anatolievna,

teacher of Russian language and literature

MBOU "Secondary School No. 2" p.g.t. Urengoy

Complex sentences with several subordinate clauses. Types of submission.

Preparation for GIA. Task B8.

Target - systematize students' knowledge on the topic, improve their skills in working with tests and texts in preparation for the GIA

Lesson objectives:

Educational

improve the ability to distinguish between types of subordination in a complex sentence;
to acquaint with the work of Yuri Afanasiev.

Educational

develop syntactic skills;
develop writing skills;
develop skills in working with tests (tasks A1 - B9).

Educational

cultivate love for native land respect for the culture of the peoples of the North inhabiting Yamal;
to educate a thinking reader on the works of Yamal writers.

Lesson equipment:

a computer;
interactive whiteboard;
textbook;
notebooks;
handouts (tests, texts).

During the classes

Language warm-up

Read the text - an excerpt from the story - were Yuri Afanasyev "Two Spruces" (print the texts for each student or project onto the board).

1. Because of the storm, the tugboat settled in the backwater. 2. Time was in a hurry. 3. For almost a week, Eduk and Oksana traveled by channels to the village on the Kaldanka. 4. Almost a week is the time. 5. And in life for Eduk there was one moment. 6. During these days, he learned about the world as much as the most ancient old man could not have known. 7. The world, it turns out, is very big, restless. 8. Like animals in the taiga, all sorts of people inhabit it. 9. Everyone has a lot of worries. 10. But the most incredible thing was for Eduk to hear that there are lands where people all year round go almost without clothes. 11. Just think, imagine yourself in the Arctic without clothes, even if not in winter, even in summer (?!). 12. However, he could not distrust Oksana either. 13. Their relationship was so close, her eyes understood him so deeply that he was afraid of his bad thoughts. 14. “What? Edek thought. “Why not intermarry, be your own person in a warm, satisfying village?”

15. And then the village suddenly appeared because of the melted cape. 16. Scattered along the ridge, the houses on the slope huddled like chickens. 17. Among them, a church towered like a capercaillie, reddishly shining with larch logs.18. And further behind the village, spiky firs stuck out like a scallop. 19. The faint smell of warm bread was dizzy. 20. This smell Educ could distinguish from a great distance. 21. You can’t confuse him with anything ...

Find dialect words in the text, replace them with stylistically neutral synonyms.

Kaldanka (in project 3) – boat

Uval (in project 16) - hill, slope

Find comparisons in paragraph 2. Write down the numbers of sentences with comparisons.

16 - like chickens

17 - capercaillie (a form of instrumental case)

18 - scalloped (a form of instrumental case)

Write the sentence number with an introductory word.

Write down the grammar bases from sentences 7, 12, 20

7 - the world is big, restless

12 - he could not help but believe

20 - Educ could distinguish

Determine the type of subordination in the phrase "animals in the taiga" (sentence 8). Replace this phrase with a synonymous agreement with a subordinate relationship.

Communication - management; taiga animals

Determine the type of subordination in the phrase "restless world" (sentence 7). Replace this phrase with a synonymous subordinating relationship management.

Coordination; peace without peace

Write down the numbers of complex sentences.

6, 10, 13

Knowledge update

Write out sentence 10 from the text.

But the most incredible thing for Educ was to hear that there are lands where people walk almost without clothes all year round.

Build an outline of this sentence: [ === ], (what === ____), (where ____ ===).

Determine the type of subordination (sequential).

What types of subordination in a complex sentence do you know? (Memo, Appendix 1).

Give examples.

Anchoring

Determine the type of submission. Fill in the table (Appendix 2). Orally comment on the answer. Print tables with sample sentences for each student. Graduates fill out only 2 columns.

Sentence	Type of subordination
The most important hero in Khanty mythology is a bear who considered to be the progenitor	Sequential (main → relative attributive → subordinate corollary)
don't bring that only scrupulous work will let him come out	Homogeneous (main → subordinate explanatory, subordinate explanatory)
If you apply	Parallel, or heterogeneous (subordinate condition → main → subjunctive explanatory)
will have to overcomemany obstacles,	Parallel, or heterogeneous (subordinate purpose → main → relative attributive)
A task keeping traditions is complicated by the fact that many Russian speaking younglearn native language prefer	Sequential (main → subordinate explanatory → relative attributive)
the role appears in the legends.	Sequential (main → subordinate explanatory → subordinate clause)
For the rights of the people who addresses the poet who cries out	Parallel, or heterogeneous (subordinate attributive → main → subordinate attributive). In this sentence, adjectives refer to different words in the main sentence.
The writer often comes to accept"referencing the past" to compel	Homogeneous (main → subordinate goal, subordinate goal).

Perform text compression. From sentences 6-8 (an excerpt from the story “Two Spruces”), make 1 complex subordinate with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

What is this type of text compression called? (Simplification - merging several sentences into one).

Among the sentences given below, find the NGN with sequential subordination of clauses:

1. Not understanding the road, he fled to the forest-tundra, ran towards the Urals. 2. Run to the point of exhaustion. 3. He was afraid to stop. 4. He felt that if he stopped, he would be torn apart from the inside. 5. The heart will not stand. 6. And he ran, ran on the impassability, splashing bitterness and resentment out of himself.

Answer: 4

Using the text of the story, there were Y. Afanasyev “Two Spruces”, continue the sentences so that you get a SPP with different types of subordination:

Sequential: I can’t say how old these fir trees are ... .. (which grow on the banks of the Ob).

Homogeneous : We were brought together by loneliness or the expectation of the morning when the village wakes up with a fishing sweat, the mooing of cows, a breath of fresh wind, .... (when the oystercatcher snipe announces the beginning of the day with a wooden shamanic trill.

Parallel (non-uniform): When the headman smiles, it seems .... (that he is ready to swallow you like a small fish).

Testing. Part B8. Presentation (it is better to conduct a lesson with a mobile computer class so that each graduate can independently work with tests. If this is not possible, tasks can be printed out for each student).

1. Among sentences 1-6 find complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) Many went not to explore the North and live in Yamal, but to earn money. (2) Didn’t it come from here: I worked for 15 years, gave “all my strength” to the wild North - return me to my place, give me everything. (3) And they gave and kissed goodbye, and the “silent” were more and more thrown into the darkness, as if they had been sentenced in advance: they couldn’t grow cadres from local people. (4) In the second and third generations, the children of the dispossessed were not given passports.

(5) “Yamal received the third blow with the beginning of oil and gas development. (6) Now the organizers themselves do not know why the cities were built, what to do with the population.”

2. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with parallel (heterogeneous) subordination. Write the number of this offer.

(1) With the closure of navigation, it is practically forbidden to set nets on the Ob. (2) But every year the nets are set up, and it is impossible for a fish inspector with a pick to remove all of them. (3) How many holes do you need to cut?! (4) In order to streamline recreational fishing, it is appropriate in some cases to apply licensed fishing, based on the experience of Guryev residents. (5) This experience is justified with a small by-catch valuable breeds fish, which in no way negatively affects the reproduction of fish stocks, and in autumn on smooth sands, when the latter leave the fishermen, migrating to their winter quarters.

(6) It must be taken into account that northern fishing in autumn, in the wind, in icy water is not an easy pleasure.

3. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) Profitability of licensed fishing is not only in the collection of funds, part of which should go to the development of fishing, the main thing is in the education of the person himself. (2) If you want to fish, work on cleaning livestock, plant a few bushes to strengthen the banks of spawning rivers, and do your part to save juveniles. (3) Anyone who took a fish but did not give it back, who violated the rules of fishing, may be expelled from society or temporarily suspended from fishing. (4) It seems that amateur fishermen at their place of residence will more jealously monitor their site, and will also help in the fight against malicious poaching. (5) The opening of cases of the latter is still insignificant.

4. Among sentences 1-7, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) Poachers. (2) Who are they? (3) Of course, people. (4) But these are people who consciously go to harm nature. (5) And what about the rest, who love their Ob, who, for one reason or another, fall into violators? (6) Doesn't the word poacher offend his ears? (7) So far, such a difference is not visible, and only because not all of them are used in the organization of recreational fishing.

5. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) In the last days of the outgoing leap year, the stocky log houses in the village pressed even more tightly to the ground from the weight of snow on the roofs. (2) The old office building, unable to withstand such a load, leaned against the neighboring fence, but proudly and cockily a flag flutters on a spruce pole, all covered with clay and it is not known when and by whom it was hoisted there. (3) The flag glorified the still indestructible and mighty Union, when for the second year in the yard there was a completely different political weather. (4) But the people of Yamalsk have not changed morally and in their actions. (5) A peeling slogan still hung on the pediment of the office, which called on fishermen and fisherwomen to work hard and give one more percentage in excess of the plan, because the fate of the Motherland depends on this percentage.

6. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with parallel subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) “Now there will be a “zhik”!” - Styopka explained to his mentor, who, with migraine pain, perceived the children's noise and was impatiently waiting for her watch to end. (2) Where she came from, Styopka did not know. (3) But how could he be interested that some go to the Far North to build, others to work out the northern experience for retirement, for a coefficient. (4) But the teacher of the boarding school in the village was noticed by her unsociableness, did not trust the cleanliness of the yagushki and malitsa, was wary of visiting the families of the tundra dwellers. (5) It is not easy to gather reindeer herders and fishermen to a boarding school for a parent meeting, but coming to your home - chum - is revered. (6) And if the teacher began to speak, moreover, in their native language, then he became no less than a ruma - a friend to whom, on occasion, a gift should be made.

7. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) The blizzard howled louder and angrier, but the voices in the plague, lit from the outside by several electric bulbs, could be heard far away. (2) Before Chuprov had time to throw back the canopy, a man in a mask splashed a full ladle of ice-cold water down his collar. (3) “Well, jokes,” Styopka gasped. (4) The host liked the joke, and this trick added noise and fun to all the guests.

(5) How did he not foresee all the consequences? (6) After all, he should have known that he was invited and taken as a hostage to One-Eyed, that if necessary and to please the owner, the purveyor was taken to the village.

8. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) He had known a brood of wolves since last year, and now four one-year-old puppies were also practicing in a snowstorm. (2) As they cut all the weakened deer with a knife, their corpses turned black in the snow. (3) In some places, the wolverine tried: jumping from tree to tree, she gnawed her throat, drank blood, and left the animal like that ...

(4) Khunzi no longer thought about Zyryanov's promises - with one hundred percent safety of the deer, transfer thirty percent to him. (5) This whole market is not for him. (6) The only thing he thought about now was that no one could take away the snow, the sky, the air, the tundra where he walks.

9. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) Hunzi went to the wolf unarmed, only with this stick-shovel. (2) He had neither fear nor malice against the wolf. (3) What he dreamed is gone. (4) Hunzi, peering at the trail, saw that he was trying to jump over the ravine, but he was careful of a large snow drift, that he sat, turned around and again moved straight.

(5) Finally Khunzi saw a wolf on the opposite bank of the Yugan river. (6) The floodplain was snow-covered two or three meters deep - you won’t run across so easily ...

10. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) The deer carries the shepherd farther and farther away. (2) With such a deer and unarmed, it is not scary to ride. (3) How can a shepherd not rejoice over deer, how can he not sing a song about them! (4) Narasyuh, tell us about the blue wind of the shaking and about the minyruva deer, the holy deer, who for all his life does not know what a team is. (5) Tell me how Minruv put the sun on his horns, and how, on a quiet night, the stars ring like bells in their ears from a quick run ...

Answers

Reflection. Summing up the lesson.

What new did you learn in the lesson?
How to find complex sentences with different types of subordination?
What is the difference between homogeneous subordination and parallel subordination?
What problems are raised by Yu.N. Afanasiev in his works?
What lexical features can be noted in the texts used in the lesson? (Dialect words, an abundance of means of expression, especially comparisons).
Have you noticed syntactic features works of Yamal writers? ( Simple sentences, introductory words, inversion).

Differentiated homework assignment (optional).

Prepare a presentation of 20 slides on the topic “Preparation for the GIA. B8 "(Performance in groups is possible).
Develop a memo to remember theoretical material on this topic.
Make a table to systematize knowledge on the topic and memorize theoretical material.
Solve several options for tasks B8 from the collection of preparation for the GIA.

Bibliography

Gosteva Yu.N., Vasiliev I.P., Egoraeva G.T. GIA 2014. Russian language. Grade 9 30 standard options test items and preparation for the implementation of part 3 (C) / Yu.N. Gosteva, I.P. Vasiliev, G.T. Egoraev. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2014.
Lvova S.I. GIA 2014. Russian language: training tasks: Grade 9 / S.I. Lvova, T.I. Zamuraev. – M.: Eksmo, 2013.
Nazarova T.N. GIA. Workshop on the Russian language: preparation for the tasks of part B / T.N. Nazarova, E.N. Violin. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2014.
Russian language. 9th grade. Preparation for GIA-2013: teaching aid / Ed. ON THE. Senina. - Rostov n / a: Legion, 2012.
Khaustova D.A. Russian language. Preparation for the GIA (writing a summary). Universal materials from guidelines, decisions and answers / D.A. Khaustov. - 3rd ed., revised. and additional - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2012.

Internet resources

Gubkinskaya centralized library system.http://www.gublibrary.ru
Afanasiev Yu.N. Tundra rhythms. Once stepping on a rake. Two firs. Corporate information and library portal of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.http://libraries-yanao.ru

Attachment 1.

REMINDER

TYPES OF SUBMISSION

A complex sentence can have two or more subordinate clauses. The relationship of such subordinate clauses among themselves determines the type of subordination.

1. Parallel submission

With parallel subordination, different types of subordinate clauses belong to one main one, which answer different questions:

Reason, (despite what?), even if it is oppressed and neglected, in the end always prevails (why?), because it is impossible to live without it (A. France).

2. Homogeneous submission

With homogeneous subordination, subordinate clauses are of the same type, answer the same question and refer to the same member of the main clause or to the entire main clause as a whole. Between themselves, homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a coordinating or union-free connection:

Yegorushka saw (what?), how little by little the sky darkened and darkness descended on the earth (what?), how the stars lit up one after another (A. Chekhov).

3. Consistent submission

With sequential subordination, the main clause is subject to the subordinate clause (subordinate clause of the first degree), which, in turn, is subject to the next subordinate clause (subordinate clause of the second degree), etc. (parts form a chain). With such a connection, each subordinate part becomes the main one in relation to the next one, but only one remains the original main part: which the considered to be the progenitor people, therefore it is to him that the greatest number of legends is devoted.

Historical experience proves that all attempts “jumping over” some stages of culture is no good don't bring that only scrupulous Job on the restoration of historical memory, "childhood and youth" of the people let him go on the main road of world culture and come to a sense of the spiritual fullness of being.

If you apply to foreign literature, then with confidence we can say that the fairy-tale hero R. Rugin has long been known already in the vastness of Europe from France to Russia.

To become masters of your destiny , Khanty and other small peoples of Siberiawill have to overcomemany obstacles, which modernity has prepared for them.

A task keeping traditions is complicated by the fact that many Russian speaking young hunters who don't see the point learn native language prefer learn English instead.

It is significant that the deer plays less significant in Khanty mythology role than in the legends of the Nenets, although also appears in the legends.

Roman Rugin is also a wrestler for the rights of the people which addresses to the mind of his reader and states the facts, and the poet who calls out to the hearts of people and their emotions.

The writer often comes to accept"referencing the past" to compel Khanty reader to look at his past, to move forward, to build the future.