Traffic violation of the rules of overtaking. Meaning and scope. Is it possible to do without a fine?

Overtaking on the road can be called one of the most dangerous violations. traffic rules that take place on the road. Many motorists commit it by crossing the markings or violating the requirements of the prohibition sign. Due to which, they often pass dangerously close to cars moving in the opposite direction and endanger not only their lives and health, but also others. The way it happens, for example, in such simple and fairly common traffic situations:

What threatens the violation of the sign "Overtaking is prohibited" and what penalties are provided for this?

Meaning and scope

Forbidding road sign 3.20 is often found on highways between settlements. Usually it is placed in places that pose a potential danger to road users. Based on the current Code of Administrative Offenses, overtaking is prohibited in the area covered by the “Overtaking is prohibited” sign, although there are exceptions to this rule.

The rules regarding the prohibition of overtaking apply to all modes of transport, and the distance at which it operates is determined by the length of the dangerous section, where:

• there is a risk of collision with oncoming vehicles or vehicles moving in the same direction;
• sufficient visibility of vehicles moving in the opposite direction is not provided.

At the same time, the coverage area of ​​the “Overtaking is prohibited” sign is limited, and its end is shown by the following signs:

• travel the distance indicated on the plate 8.2.1, installed together with the sign;
• the presence of a special sign 3.21 that cancels the ban on overtaking;
• the next intersection of the city or any other settlement. Crossing the main road from a secondary one in a suburban area, according to the SDA, is not considered a basis for terminating the prohibition zone;
• sign 3.31, announcing the abolition of all restrictions;
• end of the village.

It is worth noting that the “No overtaking” road sign is valid only until any of the described conditions is met, that is, even if the coverage area is 500 m, the first city intersection cancels the ban on overtaking other cars, or if there are no intersections with other streets and no distances are indicated, overtaking becomes possible when leaving the village.

Sign 3.21 is placed in cases where it is not advisable to increase the prohibition area - overtaking vehicles to the nearest intersection or exit from a populated area due to the absence of a risk of collision with oncoming vehicles. It looks similar to the 3.20, but in black and white with a line through it. It is impossible to violate the requirements of such a sign, since it does not require mandatory compliance- after the end of the prohibition zone, you can continue not to overtake anyone.

Fines

Any violation of the sign "No overtaking" entails the imposition of a fine on the driver or administrative punishment. This amount depends on specific situation and can take a value from 500 to 5000 rubles, and the punishment is deprivation of rights for up to 1 year.

Let's consider some of the most common cases in which overtaking was made before the "Overtaking is prohibited" sign:

note! In the event that the driver violated the rule not for the first, but for the second time within a year from the moment of the first violation, the fine for overtaking under the “Overtaking is prohibited” sign, regardless of the situation, is 5,000 rubles. In addition, the motorist loses his license for up to a year, except in cases where the violation was recorded only on video.

Is it possible to do without a fine?

The 2015 traffic rules allow for several exceptions that allow you to overtake other vehicles, even if there is a “No Overtaking” sign on the site. This becomes possible if:

• the vehicle being overtaken is a low-speed vehicle (if it has a special sign);
• the driver overtakes a horse-drawn or horse-drawn carriage;
• transport is a motorcycle, moped or other two-wheeled motor vehicle.

Officially, a vehicle can be considered slow-moving if it has a sign on it, which is an equilateral triangle with a yellow border (sometimes fluorescent materials are used for it to improve visibility even at night).

However, if the driver has overtaken in the area of ​​​​sign 3.20 such a vehicle that is not capable of developing a speed of more than 30 km / h (for example, an asphalt paver or other construction equipment), even if there are no special identification marks on it, this is not considered a violation. Indeed, in this case, the maneuver was carried out in full compliance with the rules allowing overtaking of slow-moving vehicles and a fine for the “Overtaking prohibited” sign cannot be assigned to him only because the owner or driver of the vehicle being overtaken did not take care to supply it with the appropriate signs, thereby violating regulation on the admission of transport to operation.

At the same time, the actions of a driver who violated the requirements of sign 3.20, overtaking vehicles that were moving slowly only at the moment, cannot be attributed to exceptions to the traffic rules. So, for example, a tractor that can go much faster, but at the moment is moving at a speed of 5 km / h, does not belong to slow-moving vehicles and, having overtaken it, you will have to pay a fine. At the same time, the moped is allowed to overtake even if it is traveling at a speed of 60 km/h.

Temporary no overtaking signs

Sometimes it turns out that on that section of the road where it was never forbidden to overtake anyone before, a temporary sign “Overtaking is prohibited” is now installed - 3.20V. It looks exactly like the regular one, only with a yellow background.

Moreover, if it contradicts the instructions of other signs, drivers should be guided by the rules that establish a temporary security measure. The same applies to the markings applied to the road for the duration of some work - it has a smaller value compared to 3.20V. If, for example, permanent road lines are erased, the requirements of temporary signs and markings are also in priority.

Thus, in the presence of temporary technical means road safety, the driver must be guided only by them, not paying attention to the rest, if their action contradicts each other. In this case, you can avoid a fine and deprivation of a driver's license.

Before overtaking vehicle in the area of ​​​​the sign "Overtaking is prohibited", it is worth carefully analyzing possible consequences and, for example, when you are not sure that the agent is slow-moving, it is better not to do this. If, for some reason, the situation has already occurred and you face not only a fine, which is also quite serious with the introduction of changes in traffic rules in 2015, but also the deprivation of a driver’s license, you should defend your opinion in accordance with article 12.15 of the Russian Code of Administrative Offenses. If the violation was not crossing solid line, there is a chance even in case of overtaking not according to the rules to get off with just paying the amount of 500 rubles. Still the best option, in any case, there will be compliance with all the rules, avoiding the exit into the oncoming lane and paying attention to all technical means security, both permanent and temporary.

First, let's remember what is OVERTAKING.

Rules. Section 1. “Overtaking” means overtaking one or more vehicles,related to the exit into the oncoming lane , and then return to the previously occupied lane.

That is, overtaking is always going into the oncoming lane, and going into the oncoming lane is allowed by the Rules

only in next three cases.

Or it is a two-lane road with a broken center marking line.

Or it is a two-lane road with a combined center marking line.

Or it is a three-lane road with two longitudinal broken marking lines.

On such roads, as you already know, the middle lane can be used for overtaking by drivers from both directions.

Overtaking is undoubtedly the most dangerous of all maneuvers. Therefore, the Rules contain a number of strict restrictions that a driver who overtakes or only intends to overtake must follow.

General principles of safety when overtaking.

Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.1. Before starting overtaking, the driver must make sure that the lane he is going to enter is free at a distance sufficient for overtaking and that in the process of overtaking he will not endanger traffic and interfere with other road users.

In fact, this requirement of the Rules means that before making a decision on the possibility (or impossibility) of overtaking, the driver must do a lot of analytical work:

1. It is necessary to estimate the speed of the overtaken car.

2. It is necessary to estimate the speed of the oncoming vehicle and the distance to it.

3. It is necessary to assess the condition pavement(dry, wet, slippery).

4. It is necessary to remember the real dynamic capabilities of your own car (how sensitively it reacts to the accelerator pedal).

It is allowed to start overtaking only if during the process of overtaking there is no problem.

not the slightest threat, neither for the oncoming one, nor for the one being overtaken!

The driver is prohibited from overtaking if the vehiclemoving ahead, overtakes or avoids an obstacle.

Moreover, taking care of safety, the Rules forbade overtaking from the moment the driver in front turned on the left direction indicators. And this is also stated in paragraph 11.2:

Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.2. The driver is prohibited from overtaking if the vehicle moving ahead along the same lane gave the signal to turn left.

What he is going to do is still unclear. Either he intends to start overtaking, or he goes around an obstacle, or he is preparing to turn left.

But in any case, from the moment he turned on the left turn indicators, it is dangerous for you to start overtaking, and therefore it is prohibited by the Rules.

But paragraph 11.2 does not end there either:

Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.2. The driver is prohibited from overtaking iffollowing him the vehicle has started overtaking.

Note! - In paragraph 11.2 of the Rules, so far it has been about a vehicle, moving ahead of you .

And according to the Rules, the one in front of you just needs to turn on the left “turn signals” to prohibit you from overtaking.

And here the one behind you , in accordance with paragraph 11.2 this alone is not enough. To prevent you from overtaking, the driver behind you, it is necessary not only to turn on the left turn signals, but also to start overtaking!

And this is logical! And that's why. The driver turns on the left turn indicators in the following cases:

a). Before you start overtaking;

b). Before proceeding to bypass the obstacle;

in). Before proceeding to turn left;

G). Before you start turning.

If he is ahead, then what difference does it make to you what he is going to do - in all cases you cannot start overtaking.

But if he is behind, then there is a difference. Now your task is to wait and see what he is going to do.

If he falls behind and turns left or turns around, you can overtake those in front.

But if he picks up speed and shifts to the left, then he is going to overtake you. In this case, the Rules oblige you to wait until he finishes his overtaking, and only after that you are allowed to start overtaking.

Commentary on the drawing. Get used to it slowly! - in the rearview mirror, the opposite is true. What is actually left is right in the mirror. And the picture in the mirror will be exactly the same as in our picture.

At the exam in the traffic police, one of you will get the following task:

Can the driver passenger car start overtaking? 1. Can. 2. Yes, if the driver truck A moves at a speed of less than 30 km / h. 3. It is forbidden. Task comment Sometimes I come across the fact that some of you do not understand which driver of which car we are talking about. And it's about the driver. passenger car sandwiched in the figure between two trucks. The authors of this problem believe that the driver of the truck driving behind not only turned on the left turn indicators, but also started to overtake (although this does not follow from the figure and the text of the question). But the correct answer is the third one. So you also assume that the truck driver has already started overtaking, otherwise you will make a mistake.

Another most important moment.

The safety of overtaking depends not only on the actions of the overtaking person, but also on the actions of the person being overtaken. The driver, seeing that he is being overtaken, may be “offended” (this, unfortunately, happens) and will also press the accelerator pedal, preventing the overtaking person from completing the overtaking. But this is really dangerous, and therefore unacceptable! The rules formulated the requirements for the driver of the overtaken car as follows:

Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.3. The driver of the vehicle being overtaken is prohibited from preventing overtaking by increasing the speed or by other actions.

Note! – The rules do not oblige the driver of the vehicle being overtaken to give way to the overtaking vehicle (for example, when the overtaking vehicle returns to its lane). On the contrary, it is the overtaker who must take care not to "cut off" the overtaken.

Another thing is that the person being overtaken should not speed up when he is being overtaken. Or, say, turn on the left "turn signals", or shift to the left, frightening the overtaking. This, by the way, is also in his interests - if an accident occurs, then it will not seem enough to everyone (both overtaking and overtaken).

And you will also be asked about this in the exam (though without a picture):

Well, now the most important thing is where overtaking is prohibited!

Overtaking, like any maneuver, can be prohibited either by markings, or signs, or by the Rules themselves.

In the middle of the carriageway, a solid center line marking is applied and, therefore, any exit into the oncoming traffic lane is prohibited.

Naturally, overtaking is also prohibited.

The center line may be broken, or it may not be at all, but it is set sign 3.20"Overtaking prohibited."

That is, the requirements of the sign and markup contradict each other. And in such cases, as you already know, drivers are required to comply with the requirements of the sign.

It should only be remembered that in the area of ​​\u200b\u200baction sign 3.20"No Overtaking" it is allowed to overtake horse-drawn carts, mopeds, two-wheeled motorcycles, as well as any slow-moving vehicles.

What is a two-wheeled motorcycle or a horse-drawn cart is clear to everyone. What is a slow moving vehicle? A low-speed vehicle, according to the Rules, is a vehicle marked with an appropriate identification mark.

There is no identification mark on this vehicle and, therefore, no matter how fast it “crawls”, overtaking is prohibited!

And now another thing - on the back identification mark "Slow vehicle".

And, therefore, no matter how fast it “flies”, it can be overtaken in the zone of action of the sign 3.20 “Overtaking is prohibited”.

In addition, the Rules contain a list of places where overtaking is prohibited, regardless of the center line.

1. Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.4. Overtaking is prohibited at pedestrian crossings.

If you have not forgotten, U-turns and movement are strictly prohibited at pedestrian crossings. in reverse.

Likewise, overtaking is prohibited at a pedestrian crossing. Moreover, it is also strictly prohibited, regardless of whether there are pedestrians there or not.

And this is correct for elementary security reasons - since there is a vehicle in front of you, it necessarily, at least partially, closes visibility pedestrian crossing.

It is quite logical that the Rules categorically forbade overtaking at a pedestrian crossing.

Well, and if there is at least one pedestrian, then what kind of overtaking can we talk about.

Now both drivers are required to give way to a pedestrian.

2. Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.4. Overtaking is prohibited on bridges, viaducts, overpasses and under them, as well as in tunnels.

And again I remind you - in all the places listed, U-turns and reversing are prohibited. Well, overtaking on bridges and in tunnels was also banned by the Rules, and they were banned categorically, without any reservations.

3. Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.4. Overtaking is prohibited at the end of the climb, on dangerous turns and in other areas with limited visibility.

I draw your attention to the fact that overtaking is prohibited not at all on the rises, but at the end of the rise! That is, where overtaking is really dangerous, since the visibility of the oncoming lane at the end of the ascent is very limited.

For the same reason, the Rules prohibit overtaking on other sections of roads with limited visibility. At the same time, drivers must independently assess what kind of road section it is, and what kind of visibility is there - limited or not.

Starting to overtake at the end of the climb, the driver of the red car grossly violates the Rules, risking his life (and not only his own).

This is not the end of the climb and the road is clearly visible from a safe distance. But this is true if you move in your (right) lane.

And if you start overtaking on this section, then visibility will immediately become limited. More precisely, there will be no visibility.

Even in an open area, if the road turns right, the vehicle being overtaken is an opaque screen for the overtaking driver! And in such conditions, it is deadly dangerous to start overtaking and therefore it is prohibited by the Rules.

In the traffic police collection on this topic, there are two problems.

You deal with one of them easily - at the end of the ascent, overtaking is prohibited and, therefore, the correct answer is the third one.

But here you are, no, no, yes, you are mistaken. Yes, this is the end of the climb, but pay attention to the markings! in your direction two lanes, and changing lanes to the left, you do not overtake. And by the way, in the text of the question it says: "... to EARLY the truck." And the rule is not prohibited by the rules. It is not forbidden anywhere, including at the end of the ascent. Are you allowed to change lanes at the end of the climb? middle lane to overtake a truck? 1. Permitted. 2. It is allowed only when the visibility of the road is at least 100 m. 3. Forbidden.

4. Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.4. Overtaking is prohibited at railway crossings and closer than 100 meters in front of them.

The rules quite rightly want to discipline the traffic flow approaching the railway crossing. Already 100 meters before the crossing, drivers must stop all overtaking and then must move strictly along their own half of the roadway.

And this order must be observed until the crossing is completed! After the crossing, a normal section of the road begins, which does not contain any special restrictions on overtaking.

Unfortunately, the Rules did not offer any sign informing drivers that there were 100 meters left before the crossing. In theory, in this case, the road markings should help out the drivers - 100 meters before the crossing, the center line must be solid.

But markup is a tricky business. It simply may not exist. And how then would you order to determine these 100 meters?

In this case, drivers are required to determine these 100 m, which is called "by eye".

But if installed signs "Approaching the railway crossing"(and they should always be), then the drivers have a very clear guideline. The second sign along the way (with two red slanted stripes) always stands at a distance of at least 100 meters before the crossing.

So, if you finish all kinds of overtaking before this sign, you will definitely not be mistaken in fulfilling the requirements of the Rules.

And about this at the exam in the traffic police you will definitely be asked:

5. Rules. Section 11. Clause 11.4. Overtaking is prohibited at regulated intersections, as well as at unregulated intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one.

Overtaking at an intersection is a separate topic, and it requires a separate discussion.

First, it must be remembered that intersections can be regulated and unregulated.

In turn, unregulated intersections can be intersections of equivalent roads and intersections of unequal roads.

At the same time, any intersection is a danger concentrator, and the Rules quite naturally forbade overtaking at intersections. An exception is made only for the case when the driver crosses the intersection on the main road.

At intersections, longitudinal lines road markings are torn, and, it would seem, at the very intersection, nothing prevents you from driving to the side of the road intended for oncoming traffic.

But if the driver is moving along a multi-lane road, then driving into the “oncoming lane” for the purpose of overtaking is prohibited at all - both before the intersection, and at the intersection, and after the intersection.

And in this case, it does not matter at all what kind of intersection it is (regulated, unregulated, the main road, non-main) - on multi-lane roads, entering the oncoming lane for the purpose of overtaking or bypassing is prohibited throughout its entire length!

If the road is two-lane, then driving to the oncoming lane for the purpose of overtaking or detour is not prohibited both before the intersection and after the intersection.

But what about at the crossroads? Here is the question.

The rules answered this question as follows:

If it's a regulated intersection, then it doesn't matter how many lanes you have on your road.

At any regulated intersections, overtaking is prohibited by the Rules!

And this is logical - the intersection is made regulated only if there is heavy traffic here, which means that there is no time for overtaking at such an intersection.

If it's an unregulated intersection equivalent roads, then you need to give way to those approaching from the right. And if the driver goes to overtake, he does not see anything on the right!

It is quite logical that the Rules forbade overtaking at the intersections of equivalent roads.

And even more so if your road secondary!

Now you need to give way to those on the right and those on the left.

Then what kind of overtaking at the crossroads can we talk about!

And only if your way home , and center line intermittent , and the opposite lane free , you can overtake at the crossroads, the Rules do not mind.

Finishing the conversation about intersections, I want to save you from possible troubles.

The fact is that, as a rule, the axial DASH line before the intersection becomes SOLID. And if you have already decided to overtake at such an intersection, then you must complete it along the trajectory shown in the figure.

If you hook on a solid one (it doesn’t matter, at the beginning or at the end of overtaking), this qualifies as driving into the oncoming lane in violation of the Rules! Well, and accordingly 5000 rubles or deprivation of rights for a period of 4 to 6 months.

But this is in life, and they will not talk about it with you at the exam.

In the exam about overtaking at intersections, you will be offered the following tasks:

Are you allowed to overtake? 1. Allowed. 2. Allowed if overtaking is completed before the intersection. 3. Forbidden.

11.5. Overtaking prohibited:

At regulated intersections with exit to the oncoming traffic lane, as well as at unregulated intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one (with the exception of overtaking at intersections with roundabout, overtaking two-wheeled vehicles without side trailer and allowed overtaking on the right);

At pedestrian crossings if there are pedestrians on them;

At railway crossings and closer than 100 m in front of them;

A vehicle that overtakes or bypasses;

At the end of the ascent and on other sections of roads with limited visibility with an exit into the oncoming traffic lane.

Comments

Overtaking prohibited:

at regulated intersections with exit to the lane of oncoming traffic. If, when driving through an adjustable intersection, overtaking occurs at a green traffic light without entering the oncoming traffic lane, then such overtaking is allowed, but under the obligatory condition:

Ensuring the safety of pedestrians (see comments to section 14 of the SDA);

Compliance with the rules of maneuvering (see comments to section 8 of the SDA).

at unregulated intersections when driving on a road that is not the main one. True, the Rules provided for such intersections and three exceptions:

Overtaking at roundabouts;

Overtaking two-wheeled vehicles without a side trailer;

Permitted overtaking on the right.

at pedestrian crossings if there are pedestrians on them. This prohibition is valid on a section of the road within the width of the marked pedestrian crossing. The prohibition of overtaking at pedestrian crossings is associated with an increased danger of such a maneuver in places where it is allowed to cross. carriageway. Of course, at regulated crossings, when driving on an enabling signal, overtaking is allowed, subject to the requirements of paragraphs 14.3-14.5 of the Rules. Violation of this requirement will take place only if at the time of crossing the pedestrian crossing the vehicle was in the process of rebuilding or ahead of the overtaken vehicle. According to the "letter" of the Rules, this requirement has no exceptions and implies that overtaking is prohibited at any width of the carriageway.

at railway crossings and closer than 100 m in front of them. The prohibition of overtaking applies to the entire railway crossing, the boundaries of which are barriers, and if there are none - road signs 1.3.1 or 1.3.2. The rules do not prohibit overtaking immediately after the crossing, provided that the markings, signs and the situation itself do not impose restrictions on the overtaking process.

overtaking or passing vehicle. This overtaking is sometimes referred to as "double overtaking". Its danger lies in the fact that the driver of the second overtaking vehicle does not see the traffic situation due to two cars in front. This restriction also applies to the case when a vehicle moving in front makes a detour of a stationary vehicle or other obstacle.

at the end of the ascent and on other sections of roads with limited visibility with an exit into the oncoming traffic lane. The visibility of the road is determined by:

Meteorological conditions (eg, fog, snowfall, rain);

The nature of building and landscaping;

Geometric parameters of the road (radii of horizontal and vertical curves);

other factors.

It is considered that visibility is limited in places where it is less than 100 m in at least one direction. Note: sections of roads with limited visibility are usually marked with appropriate warning signs, which makes it easier for the driver to select the correct driving mode.

you should refrain from overtaking in fog, heavy snowfall or rain, when visibility in the direction of travel is sharply limited. In such cases, drivers must not only refrain from overtaking, but also reduce speed, taking into account visibility conditions, as required by paragraph 10.1 of the Rules.