Ptarmic yarrow - planting and care, characteristic features. Yarrow variety ptarmika Zhemchuzhnitsa: planting, care

Yarrow ptarmica (Latin name Achilléa ptármica) is a type of ornamental yarrow that has been cultivated since the 16th century. The most famous of the popular names - sneezy grass and common sneezing grass - occurred largely due to the ability of the dried powder from the leaves and baskets of the bird to cause a strong sneezing reflex. The birthplace of this perennial herbaceous plant with a creeping rhizome, one can consider the European part of Russia and Central Europe - from the Urals to Northern Italy and Southern Norway.

Although Achilléa ptármica belongs to ornamental varieties, it is also medicinal plant. True it medicinal properties not fully explored, but application in traditional medicine has a long tradition going back centuries. As a raw material for the preparation of medicinal products, both the aerial part and the root are suitable. The upper, aboveground, part is harvested during flowering, and the rhizome is dug up in late autumn.

The plant is hardy and fruitful. Propagated by seeds, cuttings or division of the bush. It can reach a meter in height, and on average grows within 35-65 cm, while appearance strongly depends on weather conditions. In the conditions of the rainy season, it rises in one straight stem, and in the case of a sunny, dry summer, it grows undersized, paniculate-branched and lush. Leaves 2-6 cm long, entire, alternate, pointed, appressed-serrate along the edges, teeth with a cartilaginous tip.

The beginning of flowering is the end of June, the beginning of July. The duration of flowering depends on the variety and can be from one to two months. Baskets in diameter can be from 10 to 17 mm, collected in apical, rare or dense corymbose inflorescences. The length of the testicles is 1.5-2 mm, they are oblong or obovate, flattened, with a truncated apex.

In conditions natural habitat prefers to settle on moist soils, clays and loams in partial shade near water bodies. When growing ptarmy in the garden, it should be remembered that during high temperatures and low humidity, this subspecies is very demanding on watering, unlike its "species older brother".

One of the many advantages of yarrow is that it is able to extract sulfur from the soil in large quantities and shares it with the surrounding plants, thereby favorably influencing them. And its main drawback is that it can actively capture the area on which it grows. You can counter this by timely removal of dried inflorescences. In all other respects, this decorative yarrow is not picky about itself and will delight the eye with abundant and long flowering.

The most common variety of the decorative variety of Ptarmic yarrow is pearl oyster, it is also called pearl (The Peri) or white pearl. The conditions for planting and caring for pearl mussel, as well as its cultivation from seeds and propagation methods are the same as for other varieties of yarrow and are described below.

Landing and care

Although it is believed that the yarrow is decorative, in many ways it is similar to its “ordinary” relative - it is also unpretentious and can calmly grow and grow without constant care. Planting and caring for simple and ornamental plant are also very similar. Let's dwell on them in more detail.

reproduction

Reproduction of yarrow is carried out in four ways:

1. The division of the bush.
2. Root cuts.
3. Green cuttings.
4. Growing from seed.

The division of the bush

The division of the bush is quite easy and the most rational way, taking into account the growth and development of yarrow. It is held mainly in the spring, but you can do it in the fall. The duration of the "life" of yarrow in one place is 5 years. Then it needs to be transplanted. First, we dig out the entire bush, along with the roots, and separate it from the weeds. Then we divide it into several parts and seat them separately in other places. When autumn comes, be sure to cut the stem, leaving shoots not exceeding 12 cm. You can carry out this method every 2-3 years, without waiting for a five-year period. With this method of reproduction, the mother bush is rejuvenated, which is favorable for the plant itself.

Root segments

Reproduction by segments of the root is the most "lazy" of all methods. This kind vegetative propagation occurs by separating a part of the root of the mother bush, 10-15 cm long, and then planting the segment immediately in open ground to a depth of 10-12 cm according to the scheme 25x50 and 40x40.

Green cuttings

It is desirable to carry out green cuttings in the summer, at the beginning of July, cutting young shoots that have begun to become stiff. The method is quite simple and effective. It is best to cut the shoots in the morning. If a flowering specimen is taken, the flowers must be removed. The cut stalk, which contains two nodes, is immersed in the prepared liquid growth stimulator 1 cm deep and kept there for 10-12 hours, after which it is transferred to a specially prepared moist soil. Planted to a depth of 1-1.5 cm and covered with dark plastic bottle Perforated for better ventilation. After the appearance of new leaves, the bottle is removed and carefully fertilized with a weak solution of mineral fertilizer.

Growing from seeds

Ornamental yarrow can also be grown from seeds. Sowing seeds in special boxes begins at the end of winter: later sowing dates may lead to a lack of flowering in the first year. Seedling boxes can be taken shallow. Preparation begins with mixing a fine-grained substrate with quartz sand (river) in a ratio of 1:1. Planting seeds is carried out to a depth of no more than 2 cm. The distance between the seeds should not be less than 3 cm. After sowing, the soil is moistened by spraying the surface layer through a spray bottle. Be careful not to soak the soil. The next step is to cover the box plastic wrap and installing a "mini-greenhouse" in a well-lit warm place.

After 10-12 days shoots will appear. After the appearance of the first true leaf, you need to start diving and placing seedlings in separate peat pots. Do it carefully because root system small sprouts are very tender and easily vulnerable. Water moderately 1-2 times a week.

At the end of April, after warming up the soil, seedlings can be transplanted into open ground according to the scheme 25x25 cm, 25x50 cm, 40x40 cm. We dig a shallow hole up to 10 cm deep and move the peat cup there, after which we water it.

When transferring to the ground, be sure to highlight this place, since young shoots are very similar in appearance to weeds, and by mistake they can be easily weeded with others - “for company”.

The most common variety of Ptarmic yarrow is "pearl", it is also called "white pearl" or "pearl", a terry variety. Seeds are sold in specialized stores. The optimal planting interval is 40x40 cm. Suitable for cutting and winter bouquets. The plant is tall, can grow up to 75 cm. Flowering is plentiful, "lush", spherical. The flowers are white with a pearly tinge. Flowering period up to 60 days. The beginning of flowering is the end of June, the beginning of July. Likes well-lit places, but can also grow in partial shade.

Features of care

As noted earlier, the yarrow of the ptarmika is an unpretentious plant that is resistant to diseases and pests. But even such a “non-choosy” needs to be looked after: weeding, removing weeds, watering, feeding.

It is necessary to water the birdhouse at least once a week in dry hot weather, in cool weather - less often. Yarrow loves slightly moist calcareous soil. It is necessary to fertilize the soil up to three times per season: before flowering, during flowering and after it. It is best to feed the bird with nitrogen fertilizers in the spring, in which case the bush becomes more magnificent. And if you want the bush to be squat and with abundant flowering- pinch the plant in spring period. In addition, yarrow can easily turn into a weed if it is not followed up in time and self-sowing is allowed. Therefore, immediately after flowering, remove the inflorescences, and you will eliminate this problem completely.

Decorative yarrow excellent garden plant. Unpretentious and persistent with abundant long flowering. It is perfect for any flower garden or flower bed.

Decorative yarrow ptarmika "Pearl" video

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Yarrow ptarmica is considered one of the most common varieties famous plant. This miracle of flora is widely used by the population both for landscape design and in medicinal purposes. Yarrow ptarmica, planting and caring for which we are interested in, belongs to the aster family and is distinguished by the beauty of its buds. In general, the plant has many different types and subspecies, but the principle of caring for all of them is the same.

general information

So, yarrow ptarmica, like other species of this plant, is most often found in the field, mountains, in the forest belt, steppe and meadow zones. Due to the fact that the flower is quite unpretentious, it can grow and multiply in a wide variety of conditions, which is probably why it can be seen on almost every garden plot. In addition to the fact that the plant grows wild in the natural natural environment and it is grown on private plots, yarrow is also used public organizations for decorating recreation areas, parks and squares.

Varieties

In nature, there are many varieties of a plant such as yarrow:

• ptarmics;
• pearl oyster;
• noble;
• ordinary;
• tavogolovy;
• large-headed;
• felt and many others.

They differ from each other in height, bud diameter and flower color. Why are we interested in Ptarmic yarrow? Yes, because this variety is the most common in Russia and Europe. It is worth noting that this plant variety has its own subspecies. Height can vary from seventy to eighty centimeters. The leaves are whole, unlike other varieties, and the flowers are collected in baskets. There are subspecies with terry baskets, and there are non-terry ones. The most popular terry variety of yarrow blooms in mid-summer and is called ptarmika yarrow " White pearls". This name appeared due to the great similarity of colors with real pearls.

As for the root system of the flower, it has a creeping type, while the shoots are distinguished by a beautiful bright green color. Regardless of the variety, any yarrow can decorate your site and become a real garden treasure. Indeed, in addition to being beautiful, it is also considered one of the most useful plants in folk medicine.

reproduction

Yarrow ptarmica is able to reproduce in several ways:

• seed method;
• cuttings;
• division of the bush.

The most popular way is considered the first, using seeds. First, it is the most cheap option, and secondly, this method is available for use even by a novice gardener. When you already have an adult yarrow on your site, you can propagate it both by cuttings and dividing the bush, but at the very beginning we advise you to use the seed option.

Landing

Planting yarrow ptarmik should begin at the end winter period. In this case, you can speed up the flowering period. Otherwise, you will not be able to see flowers on the site soon. For a positive outcome of the whole process, it is recommended to follow a simple instruction:

1. Prepare the soil before planting. A mixture of fine-grained substrate and river sand.
2. Take a small box or other container, pour soil inside. Note that given plant does not require the organization of the drainage layer.
3. Place the seeds at a depth of about two centimeters, but no deeper. Otherwise, they will not be able to germinate, and the process will fail. Sow the seeds in rows, leaving a gap between them of about three to four centimeters.
4. Moisten the soil with a sprayer. Do not use any other watering option as this may deepen the seed or flush it out.
5. Place the seed container in a place where it will be warm and light, but avoid direct hits. sunlight.
6. Cover the box with a film or oilcloth that allows light to pass through, thus creating a greenhouse effect.
7. After a two-week wait, you will notice the first sprouts, after which they need more careful care. The soil will need to be regularly moistened.

Transplantation

So, after sowing the seeds, enough time has passed, and you have a lot of new sprouts in the box, ready to pick. This must be done, because otherwise the plants will interfere with each other's development due to lack of space. It is necessary to transplant sprouts as soon as you notice the first leaf on the stem. To do this, use peat pots. In such pots, the yarrow should grow until it is about eleven centimeters high. All this time, the sprouts should be moderately watered and kept away from direct sunlight to avoid burns.

Transplant to permanent place The plant can grow in mid-spring. At this time, the soil has already warmed up and can accept new plants. For landing you need:

• make a hole about ten centimeters deep;
• if you used peat pot, then you just need to put it in the center of the hole and dig it in, if another container was used, then the plant must be removed from it and placed in the ground;
• water the landing site.

Care

Due to the fact that the plant does not differ in a capricious character, caring for it will not cause any special problems. The most important requirement for care is the destruction of the weed in the place where the yarrow grows. In addition, you need to follow a few simple tips:

• weekly watering the flower, while monitoring the condition of the soil, during the dry period it will be enough once a week, and in places with a cold climate you need to water even less often;
• after the plant has faded, you need to remove the buds, as this contributes to the development decorative properties flower;
• with the advent of winter, it is necessary to prune the branches so that their length becomes no more than fifteen centimeters; if your region has severe winters, then the plant needs to be covered with dry foliage for this period.

As you can see, there is no difficulty in planting and caring for this beautiful plant no, but it can bring a lot of benefits. Especially if you study all its medicinal properties.

Ptarmic yarrow is the most common in gardens among the numerous representatives of this plant species. Especially known to amateurs - flower growers, its terry variety, which has the name "Pearl" or Pearl.

This is a perennial bushy plant, up to 80 cm high, with erect or curved stems in its lower part. The flowers are double, white with a pearly sheen, spherical, a little more than 1 cm in size, and there are so many of them that at the height of flowering the bush looks like a snow-white cloud.

Flowering is very long - begins in June and lasts up to 60 days. To prevent the bush from losing its decorative effect, faded inflorescences should be cut off in a timely manner.

pearl oyster very unpretentious plant. Grows best in sunlit areas, but can tolerate light partial shade. The soil should be fertile, with a high content of lime. The plant is responsive to top dressing, which is carried out before, during and after flowering. Watering is especially necessary in dry summers. Unlike this plant, a person needs a constant supply of fresh air. How to do this in country house.

A feature is the increased spread of the bush in different directions with the help of sprawling rhizomes. In a year, the growth is more than 20 cm. Over time, the middle of the bush becomes rare, which does not look very beautiful. Ptarmika reproduces by dividing the bush, which is carried out every three years in spring or autumn. In summer, propagation by cuttings of stems is possible. In autumn, the stems are cut to about 10 cm above the soil. The plant is winter-hardy and does not need shelter from frost.

If you cut a pearl oyster during the period of full blooming of flowers, hang it with inflorescences down in a ventilated dark room, you will get a wonderful material for creating winter bouquets.

Of the other varieties of yarrow that have gained considerable popularity among flower growers, one can name the varieties Cerise Queen "Cherry Queen" with a rich, royal, cherry color of inflorescences and Red Velvet "Red Velvet", which has flowers of color ripe cherries, and the color does not fade and remains so until the end of flowering.

From yellow flowers you can name varieties related to the species yarrow meadowsweet. This is Coronation Gold - "Crowned in Gold" has inflorescences up to 12-15 cm in diameter and Altgold - "Old Gold", which has flowers with the color of old, with a hint of copper gold.

All yarrows are beautiful in plantings in flowerbeds, mixborders, together with other flowers. Flowers are also used for cutting into bouquets. Yarrows organically fit into the nature of Russia around us. Therefore, they are very well suited for organizing natural landscapes of personal plots.

And in the end, I want to talk about another wonderful property of yarrows. It turns out that their presence on the site creates a very favorable atmosphere, which is highly valued in flora. This was the result of the ability of yarrow to actively extract sulfur from the soil, which in turn is absorbed by plants growing nearby and contributes to their better development.

Yarrow ptarmika is propagated by dividing the bushes, stem cuttings. You can divide and transplant throughout the season. The distance between plants during planting is 20-25 cm. It grows in one place for 4-5 years, but after two years the stems become thinner and lie down, and the inflorescences become smaller. For rejuvenation, the stems are pruned, which causes increased growth of side shoots.

Yarrow pearl in the garden

Yarrow "Pearl" is a drought-resistant and undemanding plant; for planting choose a dry and sunny place. In the garden, yarrow ptarmica is planted together with soft cuff, daylilies, large astrantia, loosestrife, lilies, phlox.

Yarrow grows well and blooms on sunny places, but tolerates some shading. It is undemanding to soils, although it prefers moist limed ones. Yarrow "Pearl" is a profusely flowering plant, and the stems can lie down under the weight of flowers. Then you need to tie them up. The support can be made invisible by placing it inside the bush. And to prolong flowering, cut off faded flowers.

"Pearl" - yarrow, attracting attention with delicate flowering and unpretentiousness. It is grown in flower beds and summer cottages. Not requiring complex care, the perennial has become a popular plant.

Description

Pearl is a terry variety of Ptarmik yarrow. The perennial has a creeping rhizome. Flowering is represented by small flowers up to 2 cm in diameter, which are collected in loose corymbose inflorescences. The wrappers are broad-lacent sheets, the edge of which is colored brown, hemispherical, three-row structure. Above them are reed flowers, painted in White color with a pearly sheen.

Source: Depositphotos

"Pearl" - decorative yarrow, characterized by delicate terry flowering

Flowering occurs in June - July, ends with the formation and maturation of the fruit. It is an achene, slightly flattened on the sides, wedge-shaped. The leaves are small, sessile, entire, linear-lacental in shape with a serrated edge, alternate on the stem.

Depending on weather conditions, there are 2 types of yarrow:

• • dense, low - up to 45 cm tall - bushes - if the summer is dry and sunny;

• • high - up to 1 m, ankle single stem - if it rains regularly.

IN favorable conditions this plant variety does not exceed 0.75 m in height. It is used in landscape design, decoration of park areas and personal plots.

Yarrow cultivation

Grow a flower from seeds, cuttings or by dividing the bush. When breeding a plant at home, the first method is used. Sowing is recommended to be done in February. This is due to the long growing season at "Ptarmik" for 2-3 months. Late sowing leads to lack of flowering.

To achieve 100% seed germination, follow the rules:

• • prepare an earthen mixture of river sand and fine-grained substrate;

• • pour the soil into a pot with a depth of 5-7 cm, without making drainage;

• • sow the seeds in rows, deepening a maximum of 2 cm;

• • moisten the soil immediately after sowing with a sprayer so as not to wash or deepen the seeds;

• • put the pot in a warm, lit place, cover with glass or transparent film.

After 2 weeks, the first shoots appear. During the period of care for them, watering is done moderate and timely, until the top layer of soil dries. After the appearance of the first leaf, the yarrow dives. Seedlings are planted in open ground when their height reaches 10-12 cm.

Yarrow "Pearl", due to the duration of flowering and delicate color, has found distribution in landscape design household territories. Its bright green is used for decoration even in the absence of flowering.