The role and functions of the Russian language in the modern world. Message on the topic (Russian language in the modern world)

Russian language in modern world. Russian language is the national language of the Russian people, official language Russian Federation and language international communication

If you look around, you can find a lot of things created by the mind and hands of man: radio, telephone, car, ship, plane, rocket ...

But the most amazing and wise thing that humanity has created is language. Almost all people on Earth can speak. They speak in different languages, but all languages have one task - to help people understand each other when communicating, when working together.

Without language, the life of a person, people, society is impossible; development of science, technology, art. The meaning of language (speech, words) is noted by many Russian proverbs.

The human word arrows are sharper.

good speech well and listen.

A bullet will hit one, but a well-aimed word will hit a thousand.

The wind destroys the mountains, the word of the people raises.

On this topic, there are also a number of statements by famous figures in literature, philosophy, art.

Language is the key to all knowledge and all nature (G. R. Derzhavin).

Writing gives strength to the flying word, conquers space and time (Ya. K. Grot).

It is impossible for him to glorify himself, who does not know grammatical properties and rules (A.P. Sumarokov).

Language refers to those social phenomena that operate throughout the existence of human society. The main purpose (or function) of language is to serve as a means of communication, communication. Language is inextricably linked with thinking, human consciousness, serves as a means of forming and expressing our thoughts and feelings.

There are more than two thousand languages on our planet. Among them, the Russian language is one of the most common. It includes all the variety language tools used in communication between people. Despite the fact that the languages differ from each other, nevertheless, each of them has "relatives" among other languages. The Russian language, like Ukrainian and Belarusian, belongs to the East Slavic languages. The languages of this group have the same source of origin - the Old Russian language. Hence - a number of close features (in particular, the similarity of vocabulary: nouns - Russian "protein", Ukrainian "bilok", Belarusian "byalok"; adjectives - Russian "white", Ukrainian "bily", Belarusian "white"; verbs - Russian "whiten", Ukrainian "bility", Belarusian "belets").

The Russian language exists and develops only because it simultaneously performs all the universal functions inherent in any language.

With the help of language, people communicate, transmit thoughts, feelings, knowledge about the world around us to each other. Any word of our language is not just a set of sounds: it has its own meaning. And we think with the help of the same meanings. Therefore, language is closely connected with thinking and cognition. All human knowledge about the surrounding reality is fixed in the language and expressed in words, phrases and sentences that are generally accepted and understandable. This allows people to pass on knowledge from generation to generation.

In the modern world, the Russian language performs, in addition to those mentioned, three more functions.

First, the Russian language is the national language of the Russian people. Wonderful monuments of art and literature have been created on it, it is the language of science and culture. In the arrangement of words, their meanings, the meaning of their combinations, there is information that conveys to us knowledge about the world and people, introducing us to the spiritual wealth created by many generations of ancestors.

Secondly, Russian is the state language of the Russian Federation. When the USSR existed, the Russian language was not such - too many nationalities inhabited the territory Soviet Union. Now it is a language that serves not only the needs of people at home and at work, but also the official language of the state, the language of science, production and, of course, culture.

Thirdly, the Russian language is one of the international languages.

AT international relations states use world languages legally proclaimed by the United Nations as the official and working languages of the UN. These languages are English, French, Russian, Spanish, Chinese and Arabic. In any of the six languages, interstate political, economic, scientific and cultural contacts can be carried out, international meetings, forums, etc. can be held.

The study of the Russian language at school is designed to reveal the wealth, beauty and

In modern world. Russian language is the national language of the Russian people, the state language of the Russian Federation and the language of interethnic communication
If you look around, you can find a lot of things created by the mind and hands of man: radio, telephone, car, ship, plane, rocket ...

But the most amazing and wise thing that humanity has created is language. Almost all people on Earth can speak. They speak different languages, but all languages have the same task - to help people understand each other when communicating, when working together.

Without language, a person, people, society are impossible; development of science, technology, art. The meaning of language (speech, words) is noted by many Russian proverbs.
The human word arrows are sharper.
Good speech is good to listen to.
A bullet will hit one, but a well-aimed word will hit a thousand.
The wind destroys the mountains, the word of the people raises.
There are also a number of statements by famous figures of literature, philosophy, art
Language is the key to all knowledge and all nature (G. R. Derzhavin).
Writing gives strength to the flying word, conquers space and time (Ya. K. Grot).
It is impossible for him to glorify himself, who does not know grammatical properties and rules (A.P. Sumarokov).

There are more than two thousand languages on our planet. Among them, the Russian language is one of the most common. It includes all the variety of language means used in communication between people. Despite the fact that the languages differ from each other, nevertheless, each of them has "relatives" among other languages. The Russian language, like Ukrainian and Belarusian, belongs to the East Slavic languages. The languages of this group have the same source of origin - the Old Russian language. Hence - a number of close features (in particular, the similarity of vocabulary: nouns - Russian "protein", Ukrainian "bilok", Belarusian "byalok"; adjectives - Russian "white", Ukrainian "bily", Belarusian "white"; verbs - Russian "whiten", Ukrainian "bility", Belarusian "belets").

The Russian language exists and develops only because it simultaneously performs all the universal functions inherent in any language.

In the modern world, the Russian language performs, in addition to those mentioned, three more functions.
First, the Russian language is the national language of the Russian people. Wonderful monuments of art and literature have been created on it, it is the language of science and culture. In the arrangement of words, their meanings, the meaning of their combinations, there is information that conveys to us knowledge about the world and people, introducing us to the spiritual wealth created by many generations of ancestors.

Secondly, Russian is the state language of the Russian Federation. When the USSR existed, the Russian language was not such - too many nationalities inhabited the territory of the Soviet Union. Now it is a language that serves not only the needs of people at home and at work, but also the official language of the state, the language of science, production and, of course, culture.

Thirdly, the Russian language is one of the international languages.

In international relations, states use world languages legally proclaimed by the United Nations as the official and working languages of the UN. These languages are English, French, Russian, Spanish, Chinese and Arabic. In any of the six languages, interstate political, economic, scientific and cultural contacts can be carried out, international meetings, forums, etc. can be held.

The study of the Russian language at school is designed to reveal the richness, beauty and grandeur of the Russian national language, to strengthen and make more conscious pride in it and love for it. The Russian language is the language of the great Russian people, which has a heroic history, outstanding achievements in culture, science, social thought, etc. In all these achievements, the great contribution of the Russian language as a means of communication, as a form of national culture.

The study of the native language should begin with the study of statements about it by those who were fluent in the Russian word.

Our unusual language is still a mystery. It has all the tones and shades, all the transitions of sounds - from the hardest to the most tender and soft N.V. Gogol.
We have been given possession of the richest, most accurate, powerful and truly magical Russian language. True love for one's country is unthinkable without love for one's language. We study the language and must study it continuously until the last days of our life K. G. Paustovsky.
The Russian language in skillful hands and experienced lips is beautiful, melodious, expressive, flexible, obedient, dexterous and roomy A.I. Kuprin.

Need a cheat sheet? Then save it - » Russian language in the modern world. Answer to ticket number 1. Literary writings!

Russian language is the national language of the Russian people, the state language of the Russian Federation and the language of interethnic communication

If you look around, you can find a lot of things created by the mind and hands of man: radio, telephone, car, ship, plane, rocket ... But the most amazing and wise thing that mankind has created is language. Almost all people on Earth can speak. They speak different languages, but all languages have the same task to help people understand each other in communication, in common work.

Without language, the life of a person, people, society is impossible; development of science, technology, art. The meaning of language (speech, words) is noted by many Russian proverbs.

The human word arrows are sharper.

Good speech is good to listen to.

A bullet will hit one, and a well-aimed word - a thousand.

The wind destroys the mountains, the word of the people raises.

On this topic, there are also a number of statements by famous figures in literature, philosophy, art.

Language is the key to all knowledge and all nature (G. R. Derzhavin).

Writing gives strength to the flying word, conquers space and time (Ya. K. Grot).

It is impossible for him to glorify himself who does not know grammatical

Properties and rules (A. P. Sumarokov).

There are more than two thousand languages on our planet. Among them, the Russian language is one of the most common. It includes all the variety of language means used in communication between people. Despite the fact that the languages differ from each other, nevertheless, each of them has "relatives" among other languages. The Russian language, like Ukrainian and Belarusian, belongs to the East Slavic languages. The languages of this group have the same source of origin - the Old Russian language. Hence - a number of similar features (in particular, the similarity of the vocabulary: - Russian "protein", Ukrainian "btok", Belarusian "byalok"; adjectives - Russian "white", Ukrainian "btiy", Belarusian "white"; verbs - Russian "turn white", Ukrainian "btggi", Belarusian "belets").

The Russian language exists and develops only because it simultaneously performs all the universal functions inherent in any language.

In the modern world, the Russian language performs, in addition to those mentioned, three more functions.

Thirdly, the Russian language is one of the international languages.

The study of the Russian language at school is designed to reveal the richness, beauty and grandeur of the Russian national language, to strengthen and make more conscious pride in it and love for it. The Russian language is the language of the great Russian people, which has a heroic history, outstanding achievements in culture, science, social thought, literature, etc. In all these achievements, the great contribution of the Russian language as a means of communication, as a form of national culture.

The study of the native language should begin with the study of statements about it by those who were fluent in the Russian word.

Our unusual language is still a mystery. It has all the tones and shades, all the transitions of sounds - from the hardest to the most tender and soft N.V. Gogol.

We have been given possession of the richest, most accurate, powerful and truly magical Russian language. True love for one's country is unthinkable without love for one's language. Language we learn and must learn continuously until last days of his life K. G. Paustovsky.

The Russian language in skillful hands and experienced lips is beautiful, melodious, expressive, flexible, obedient, dexterous and roomy A. I. Kuprin.

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Russian language - it combines the power of the people, its centuries-old history, the culture of many generations and the original traditions of the nation. For each person, the native language is not only a means of communication or transmission of information, but also an invaluable gift that was passed on to him by his ancestors.

Russian language as a cultural phenomenon

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Modern Russian

In addition to the basic functions that are inherent in every language, the Russian language has another very important purpose - it is a unifying link for many peoples and nations. Russia is a multinational country, each ethnic group has its own language, but often each of them provides an opportunity to communicate with a certain group of people.

The Russian language erases this obstacle. Also Russian is international language communication between the Slavic countries: Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Georgia.

According to the total number of people who speak it, the Russian language ranks 6th in the world. More than 200 million people consider it their native language, and the number of those who speak it reaches 360 million. In more than 10 countries, the Russian language has the status of an official language, among them are Russia, Belarus, Abkhazia, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan.

It is noteworthy that according to the laws of New York, official documents in the city must be published along with English, also in Russian, since the Russian diaspora in this city is growing every year. Despite the fact that in many independent countries of the post-Soviet space Russian does not have the status of an official language, it is spoken by about 50% of the population.

Unfortunately, among the Russian diaspora there is a tendency to reduce Russian-speaking youth: children in Everyday life communicate not in the language of their parents, but in the language taught at school and communicated in public places. However, among the youth of the post-Soviet countries, the Russian language acquires a literary coloring.

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Problems of the modern Russian language

At the moment, the Russian language is experiencing a kind of crisis: it is saturated with profanity, Americanisms and numerous jargons.

Very often there are cases when a distorted language is very actively promoted by means of mass media, as well as high-ranking officials who make many mistakes in their speech, without attaching absolutely any importance to this, although the role of language in the life of society is enormous and its impact is very strong.

Illiteracy also distinguishes modern Russian music of the popular genre, which is oriented towards immature rising generations. Over time, the meaningless set of words inherent in many songs will become an element of youth communication.

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Introduction

Conclusion

Introduction

Society cannot live without the use of language, this most important means of human communication. There is not a single type of human activity in which language would not be used as an expression of their thoughts, feelings and will in order to achieve mutual understanding between them.

Over time, people became interested in their constant companion - language and created a science about it. This science is now called linguistics, or linguistics. Knowledge is simply necessary for those whose profession is related to teaching or studying the language, it is also necessary for those people who have to use the language as a professional tool (teachers, propagandists, lecturers, journalists, writers, etc.).

The main functions of the language indicate that the language is a nationwide phenomenon, not a class one. All people, regardless of their belonging to certain classes and social or professional groups, need to communicate. All people need to think and express what they think.

The Russian language is the national language of the Russian people, a means of preserving and transmitting folk culture, thinking, behavior; it is obvious that the addition of a common system of meanings for the people, the same understanding of the key categories of culture - goodness, justice, truth - is the basis of the national community. Language serves as a means of linguistic unity of a multinational state, interethnic communication of the peoples of Russia. It is also the official language used in different areas communication (in science, diplomacy, education). Activities to support, develop, disseminate and preserve the purity of the Russian language are coordinated, in addition to legislative acts, by the Russian Language Council under the Government of the Russian Federation.

1. Russian language in the system of languages of the world

“The Russian language is a world language,” says the famous linguist Vyacheslav Belousov. “And in the third millennium it has neither its own cultural nor its own historical significance won't lose. It will maintain its presence not only in the CIS countries, but also in the world.”

What are its functions as one of the world languages?

Firstly, the Russian language (along with English, Chinese, French, Spanish and Arabic) is the official language of many international organizations - the UN, UNESCO, etc. This means that official documents, special journals of these organizations are published in Russian, their websites are created in Internet, radio broadcasts. Russian is included in the number of languages that serve the activities of almost a third of international non-governmental organizations, including the World Federation of Trade Unions, the International Committee for European Security.

It also enters as the working language of major international conferences, meetings at highest level providing communication between representatives different countries. It is important that Russia's efforts to preserve the status of the Russian language be supported by representatives of the diplomatic services of other countries.

Secondly, Russian is the language of one of largest centers international education.

Thirdly, when discussing the situation with the Russian language in the world, one should not forget about the millions of our compatriots, according to different reasons living outside of Russia.

Fourthly, the Russian language provides access not only to the riches of science and culture in Russia, but also in other countries, acting as a kind of intermediary between different nations especially in the Eurasian space. After all, a significant part of the scientific and fiction coming out in the world.

What reasons contributed to the establishment of the status quo in the study and teaching of the Russian language abroad?

Firstly, this is due to the formation of a single economic space in Europe, in connection with which the so-called market languages and marketing languages have appeared.

Secondly, Russia plays an important role in international market educational services. Russian language makes it possible to get higher education professional education at the level of world standards.

Thirdly, a significant reason for the interest in the study of the Russian language is the desire to join the culture, in particular, the literature that stands behind it and which has universal significance. Dialogues between different cultures UNESCO and the Council of Europe consider it an urgent task of our time, since such dialogues involve mutual understanding of the values and traditions of others, the exchange of experience gained over centuries, the exchange of views on the burning issue of the past, present and future of the peoples inhabiting the globe.

Fourthly, the study of the Russian language abroad also stimulates a noticeable influx of tourists from Russia to Western Europe and other countries of the world.

Fifth, a certain group of students is attracted by the difficulty of the Russian language. According to American students, those who like to overcome obstacles choose the Russian language for learning.

2. The role of the Russian language in modern society

The Russian language is the language of the richest fiction, the world significance of which is exceptionally great. The Russian alphabet formed the basis of the writing of many young languages, and the Russian language became the second native language of the non-Russian population of the Russian Federation. There is a constant process of mutual enrichment of the Russian language and the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation.

In the last decade, there has been a certain decline in interest in the Russian language in the far abroad. But today more and more people are turning to it again. On the one hand, they are interested in Russian culture, and on the other hand, this is a purely pragmatic interest, because the Russian language allows you to cooperate with Russian businessmen and build business relationship on a long term basis. First of all, this concerns cooperation within the CIS. After all, the Russian language, as it was the language of interethnic communication during the Soviet era, has remained so.

The Russian language continues to arouse interest in the modern world. According to publications in the Russian press, the number of citizens of the United States, France, Spain, Sweden, Finland, Austria, and Korea who have begun to study the Russian language and literature has recently increased several times.

The main source of its development, processing and polishing was the creative creativity of the Russian people, especially generations of Russians and all Russian figures in science, politics, technology, culture and literature - the Russian language has become a highly developed, rich, historically balanced language.

The Russian language is not only the state language of the Russian Federation. It is one of the world languages, that is, such languages that serve as a means of international communication between the peoples of different states. Of the more than two and a half thousand languages known in the world, international communication is provided by a group of the most developed world languages, the so-called club of world languages. The promotion of a language to the role of the world language is determined by the universal significance of the culture created in this language. The status of a language as a world language is legally secured by recognizing it as the official or working language of international organizations or conferences (UN, UNESCO, etc.). Thus, the Russian language is recognized as one of the six official languages UN along with English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese and French; it contains the most important international treaties and agreements. The Russian language is studied in most countries. Russian language teachers are united by the International Association of Teachers of Russian Language and Literature (MAPRYAL).

The Russian language is currently the fourth most widely spoken language in the world. leading the way English language(for an estimated 500 million people it is their first or second language and over 1 billion more people speak it as a foreign language) and Chinese (it is spoken - almost exclusively as a mother tongue - by over 1,350 million people). The third place is Spanish language(it is owned by about 360 million people, including an estimated 335 million - as a native).

Thus, the huge role of the Russian language in the modern world is determined by its cultural value, its power and greatness.

3. Modern language situation

The turbulent socio-political shifts in Russia in the last decade have led to a radical change in the social structure of Russian society, which, of course, could not but affect the development and functioning of the Russian language.

Specificity current state The linguistic situation in Russia is that the vast majority of changes in the language are associated with changes in society. Modern Russian society is a society in which the principles of political freedom are actually implemented.

The strict regulation of the life of members of society by the state, the administrative-command system, has disappeared. All sections of society were given the opportunity to actively express themselves in political organizations, in market relations people are active in public life. On the other hand, the activity of the majority of members of society, previously suppressed by the totalitarian state, found an explosive outlet during the period of reforming the country, which led to the release of not only activity (business and political), but also to the release of aggressiveness and rudeness in part of society.

The previously restrained activity of many members of society spilled out, including in the form of aggressiveness, rudeness, defiant, uncontrollable behavior. Another reason for the release of aggressiveness in modern Russian society turned out to be the emerging fear of the market, the loss of people's sense of total lifelong state security, the fear of unemployment. The accumulation of aggressiveness in people, due to its long-term suppression by external forces, as well as the fear of the outside world that arises in the subject with a sharp change in the circumstances of existence, is a natural reaction of a person.

In the sphere of language, this is manifested in the growth of the aggressiveness of the dialogue, the increase specific gravity evaluative vocabulary in speech, the growth of vulgar and obscene word usage, jargonization of speech of certain segments of the population, etc. Freedom of speech has become the most visible political reality in contemporary Russian society.

The elimination of censorship, the expansion of people's access to information, the independence of the media, the diversity of printed materials, radio and television programs in the country, the expansion of live broadcasts on radio and television, the return of previously banned authors to scientific and cultural use are undoubted signs of today's Russia.

With freedom of speech, people's access to information has expanded significantly. Expanding access to information leads to an increase in the vocabulary of people in all age categories. At the same time, features of information fatigue are observed.

The proportion of people who consider it possible for themselves to disdain the norms of speech etiquette is increasing. There has been a marked increase in the frequency of using the appeal to "you" to strangers, especially in major cities, there is a tendency for people to form an opinion about the "conventionality" of speech etiquette, its uselessness in modern communication.

The culture of speech and the general culture of workers in the media of the press, radio and television have fallen sharply. AT live multiple speech errors, gross deviations from the norms of speech culture. The uninhibited behavior on the air that has become fashionable in terms of language leads to increased volume, an accelerated tempo of speech, increased tension of articulation and excessive emotionality of dialogue with the viewer, as well as often to the use of profanity, risky speech epithets and metaphors. The level of speech culture has fallen in all social and age groups.

Computer typing and layout of printed publications, especially newspapers, lead to gross errors in the field of transfers, which creates a strong opinion among the population that the transfer rules have now been canceled.

In society, attention is growing to the speech side of the speeches of political figures, their speech errors are noticed and ridiculed in the press. This encourages politicians of the new generation to treat their speech more responsibly and work on it.

The openness of Russian society is connected, first of all, with the development of broad contacts between Russians and foreign countries. At present, many foreign firms operate in the country, a large number of foreign specialists; the travel of Russian citizens abroad has been greatly simplified; open access to foreign books, journalism, film and video products, the Internet; the opportunities for personal contacts of Russians with foreign citizens have grown significantly - foreign holidays have become possible for Russian citizens, free communication with foreigners in their own country and abroad, study and internships in foreign countries.

Financial difficulties reduce people's access to newspapers and magazines - now few people subscribe to more than one newspaper, mostly local, and many families have stopped subscribing to newspapers altogether. Decreased written communication, shorter steel telephone conversations- both that, and another, first of all, because of their rise in price.

The intensive technical re-equipment of the life of Russians can be called a technical revolution, and it is connected, first of all, with widespread in everyday life of complex household and office equipment, mostly foreign-made. Computers, camcorders, new generation televisions, faxes, copiers and duplicators, Appliances, foreign cars - all this contributes to the emergence in the Russian language of many new concepts and words, mostly borrowed. At the same time, a variety of instructions for imported equipment in a foreign language, inscriptions on the controls of the equipment stimulate the study foreign language, mostly English.

high quality modern communication - mobile phones, computer communication, etc. - leads to a reduction in the written form of communication, an increase in the proportion telephone communication and communication through technical means. It leads to a decrease in the literacy of the population, especially young people. For the same reason, the volume of reading fiction, especially highly artistic, is reduced. An increase in the share of communication with the media (radio, television) leads to a predominance of modern man perception of information by ear and the weakening of the skills of understanding and interpreting the written text.

Therefore, the future of the Russian language depends on us. Will it continue to be one of the most powerful and richest languages in the world, or will it join the ranks of the disappearing ones.

Preserving the language, taking care of it further development and enrichment - a guarantee of the preservation and development of Russian culture. Therefore, every citizen of the Russian Federation, no matter who he works, no matter what position he holds, is responsible for the state of the language of his country, his people.

Thus, there arises the problem of purposeful work to maintain the norms of the culture of speech in modern Russian society, the problem of forming people's attention to their own speech culture.

language speech literacy

Conclusion

The state of the Russian language is currently an acute problem for the state, for the whole society. Disorder and vacillation in society, the decline of morality, the loss of characteristic national traits- all this affects the language, leads to its decline.

In the context of the scientific and technological revolution, the increasing role human factor it is impossible not to pay attention to the fact that every third person of non-Russian nationality does not speak it freely. This situation seriously hinders the development and implementation of new equipment and technology, the leveling of cultural development levels, and the familiarization of people with recent achievements Sciences. Historical events The twentieth century could not help but influence the history of the Russian language. Of course, the language system has not changed in one century - social events do not affect the structure of the language. The speech practice of Russian speakers has changed, ...

The thoughtless familiarization with Western civilization that is now observed leads, ultimately, to the destruction of the Russian language, Russian culture, Russian traditions and Russian national identity. Now there is a lot of talk about the development of a Russian national idea that could unite all Russians. One of the components of such an idea may well be the Russian language. After all, it is the cultivation of the native language and native culture that helps not only to unite all Russians, but also to preserve everything that makes Russia proud.

Despite all the difficulties of the modern period, we should not forget that the Russian language is our national treasure, and we must treat it like a national wealth - preserve and increase.

List of used literature

1. The culture of Russian speech. ( Tutorial) Maslov V.G., 2010. - 160 p.

2. Russian language and culture of speech: Textbook for universities. L.A. Vvedenskaya, L.G. Pavlova, E.Yu. Kashaeva, Rostov n / a: publishing house "Phoenix", 2001. - 544 p.

3. Russian language and culture of speech / I.A. Dolbina, T.A. Karpinets, O.A. Saltymakov; Kuzbass State Technical University, 2011. - 63p.

4. Russian language of the end of the XX century. V. L. Vorontsova and others - M .: Languages of Russian culture, 2009. - 478 p.

5. Modern Russian language. Textbook. Valgina N.S., Rosenthal D.E., Fomina M.I., 2002. 6th ed., 528p.

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