16 Apr 2011,

I suggest that parents of third-graders check their children how well they know how to be attentive and smart. Ask them to complete tasks olympiads. Good luck!

1. With which of the given nouns the word round doesn't matter as much as the others? Emphasize. (1 point)

Round excellent student, round orphan, round fool, all year round, round tray.

2. Choose a test word, insert the missing letter, write the words in pairs. (5 points)

1) Amazing ... amazing (maiden, wonder),

2) M ... take (mine, exchange),

3) L ... to drink (sticky, modeling),

4) Skr ... puffy (violin, paper clip, squeak),

5) L ... nivey (molt, laziness).

3 . Rearrange the letters and form new words. (4 points)

Luchok-...., bank -..., shirt-front -..., net-...

4. How many mistakes are made in the text? Correct, rewrite correctly, underline the letter where the mistake was. (7 points)

There is a fox and a beautiful twig here. Harasho go to birigu with good luck. The other day I found sadness in the fox and was pleased..

5 .Write out words with a prefix on. (5 points)

Shelf, plantain, window sill, approached, hold, duvet cover, kinder, clearing, milk, pillow, fly up, think

6. Which of the following words requires a noun in the prepositional case? Emphasize. (1 point)

Faith, Confidence, Aspiration, Hope, Desire

7. From the letters of the word arithmetic make other words (only nouns). (0.5 points per word)

8. Explain how you understand these expressions. (7 points)

White crow - ……………………………………………………………………

Spin like a squirrel in a wheel - ……………………………………………

Lead by the nose-………………………………………………………………………

To take out dirty linen from the hut - ………………………………………………………….

to shelve - …………………………………………………

Nick down -………………………………………………………………

Wash the bones - ……………………………………………………….

8 .Using these parts of the word, make up new words. (0.5 points per word)

top - …………………………………………………………………………………..

Wine - ………………………………………………………………………………….

who - ……………………………………………………………………………………

ox - ……………………………………………………………………………………

the weight - ……………………………………………………………………………………

9 .Which of the words below can express surprise, doubt, and a desire to remind the interlocutor of something? Emphasize. (1 point)

Wait, sit, lie down, run, shut up

10. What expresses clumsy work? Choose and highlight. (1 point)

A) the craft of a carpenter; b) work done with only one axe; c) work that cannot be done without the help of an ax;

listen, read, speak, write, think, speak, remember, explain. what words refer to oral speech? Underline them. what kind of speech do you

can you think of other words? which of these words have the following meanings: a) to use, to speak. b) to talk

A1. Which of the outdated words "start your second life" in modern Russian?

1) over the knee boots; 2) lyceum; 3) a room; 4) peddler

A2. Which of these pairs of words are not antonyms?

1)positive - negative

2) encouragement - punish

3) serious - frivolous

4) natural - artificial

A3. The meaning of which phraseological unit is explained incorrectly?

1) beat the buckets - mess around

2) an hour is quite a long time

3) henbane ate too much - went crazy, stopped thinking

4) rub the glasses - wipe the glasses well

A4. Find a sentence in which there is a phraseological unit.

1) The medicine should be drunk an hour after eating a teaspoon.

2) Suddenly, a flock of swallows swept between heaven and earth.

3) From this news, he felt himself in seventh heaven.

4) The first violin that his parents gave him as a child brought him so much joy.

A5. In what case does an incorrect explanation of the spelling lead to

Spelling error?

1) deep ..yy - an adjective formed from a noun with the help of the suffix -in- is written with one letter n

2) they praise ..t - at the end of the verb II conjugation is written -yat

3) pr .. beat - the prefix attaches - means "attachment"

4) glue ..l - in the past tense of the verb before the suffix -l- the same vowel is written as in the indefinite form - glue

A6. In what words is the spelling of a vowel at the root checked by stress?

A. teacher; B. r.. sten; B. ob..remove; G. prik..sleighing

1) A, B 2) C, D 3) A, C 4) B, D

A7 In which answer option are all the words where the letter e is omitted?

A. moan..t, at the exhibition.., in the museum.., single..sh, plush..vy

B. bed .. sh, considered .. shaft, from time to time .., hung .. l, looking .. sh

B. human..k, command..wat, bell..k, finger..in, offended..l

G. in a review .., about the product .., peas ..k, in a prickly ..m look ..

1) A, B 2) A, C 3) B, D 4) C, D

A8 What words are misspelled?

A. january; B. obezchik; B. Future; G. overcome

1) A, B 2) B, C 3) A, C, D 4) A, B, C

A9 In which answer option are all the words where the soft sign is omitted?

A. smeared .. those, odorous .., schools .., hare .. tail

B. cut .. those, guard .., you hear .., trembling ..

B. discovered .. those, viscous .., near summer cottages .., powerful ..ny

G. smeared ..sya, wore ..schik, hare ..e family, December ..sky

1) A, B 2) B, C 3) B, D 4) A, C

A10 In which answer option are all the words where the letter and is missing?

A.pr..school, pr..cute, pr..overcome

B. impenetrable .. foot, pr .. Volga, pr .. draw

B. pr..buy, pr..miracle, pr..chin

G. pr..opistation, pr..think, pr..say

1) A, B 2) B, C 3) C, D 4) A, D

A11 Which word has the stress on the fourth syllable?

1) provision; 2) language (sausage); 3) hosts; 4) oil pipeline

A12 Which example has no spelling error?

1) a souvenir; 2) play the value; 3) put on

4) the artist painted his self-portrait

A13 Which word does not match the composition: one prefix, root, one suffix, ending?

1) dial; 2) re-read; 3) seaside; 4) shut up

A14 In which answer option are all the words where one letter n is written?

A. oil paint, windy day, crimson..

B. bees..ny, hurricane..ny, vital..ny

B. ice..noy, the book is interesting..a, poplar..ny

G. remarkable ..ny, quality ..ny, long ..ny

1) B, C 2) C, D 3) A, C 4) B, D

A15 Which answer option lists all the words that are written with a hyphen?

A. something (something), (green) eyed, (medium) age

B. (some) something, (pale) blue than (or)

B. purplish (red), (red) nosed, (Old) Roman

G. (south) eastern, (Russian) French, about something (something)

1) A, B 2) B, D 3) C, D 4) A, D

A16 Find a sentence without a grammatical error.

Lunch was less tasty than yesterday.

Pictures have been removed from both walls.

In the village, Pavel missed his parents.

The entire report can be presented on two hundred pages.

A17 In which sentence is the letter e written at the place of the gap?

Carried out .. those extra chairs from the class.

When he took out .. those, we will begin to study.

Went out by sending my books.

Choose .. those topic for writing.

A18 With all the words of which row is not written separately?

(not) afraid; (not) big gaps

(not) acquaintance; (non) moving water

(not) true, but false; not at all a difficult task

(not) confuse; obvious (not) affection

A19 Find a sentence with a punctuation error.

The language of the people is their mind and wisdom.

He gave a fascinating account of the rise and fall of great cities in Asia.

The steep bank ran back, and the mountains seemed to be moving towards us.

The sun was sinking lower and lower towards the horizon, and it was getting dark in the forest.

A 20 Find an error in the characterization of the morphological features of these words.

(c) autumn (bad weather) - adj., initial form - autumn, relative, Vin. fall, unit h., female R.

It was getting dark - vb. meaning, nesov. in., intransitive., I ref., in exclusion, incl., unit. h., last vr., wed. R.

Grandma's (stories) - adj., initial form - grandmother's, attraction., Rod. fall, pl. h.
4) sub-pretext

ATTENTION!

On February 28 and March 1, an experimental game "Russian Bear for Teachers" will be held. The game will be played on the Internet, in the form of online testing. Teachers of any subject can participate, participation is free. The rules can be found on the website of the game-competition "Russian Bear Cub - Linguistics for Everyone" at: www.rm.kirov.ru

Continuation. Beginning see No.21, 22 , 23/2006; 1/2007

Polysemy

The rubric is led by Elena Muravenko

In this issue, we will talk about lexical polysemy, or polysemy. Most words in the Russian language have more than one meaning, i.e., in addition to the original - direct - meaning, words often acquire figurative meanings. Many tasks of the "Bear Cub" are based on this phenomenon.

1. Whose nose is called the same as a small coin?

(A) cows; (B) bear; (B) mice; (D) pigs; (D) a dolphin.

Solution. The nose of a pig, like a five-kopeck coin, is called piglet. Answer:(G).

There seem to be no special names for the noses of cows, bears, mice, and dolphins.

2. Of the five words below, only one has a unique meaning, and each of the others is used in at least two different senses. What word has the only meaning?

(A) Polka; (B) a Frenchwoman; (B) Czech; (D) finca; (D) Dutch.

Solution. All five words can denote a female person of the respective nationality. But besides, polka is a dance Czekh- gymnastic slippers, Finnish- knife, and dutch- stove lined with tiles. Thus, from the above list, only the word Frenchwoman has only one meaning. Answer:(B).

3. Diminutives are often formed from the names of body parts, which can also acquire figurative meanings, for example: take the child by the hand(direct meaning), doorhandle(figurative meaning). Here are six such diminutives: eye, leg, spout, back, tooth, neck. How many of them are words that have figurative meanings?

Solution. Words have figurative meanings leg(chair, table) spout(kettle) back(chair, sofa) neck(bottles). Answer:(G).

4. circle, area, leg, hypotenuse, product, fraction. How many of them are not just mathematical terms?

(A) One; (B) two; (At three o'clok; (D) four; (D) five.

Solution. At the word a circle many meanings, in particular we can say: range of my interests or circle of our acquaintances; these expressions represent explicitly non-mathematical terms. A square is a large and level undeveloped area in a city or town, e.g. Red Square in Moscow. Word work can denote not only the result of multiplication, but also the result of labor, the product of creativity: work of art, literary work. The fraction can be not only arithmetic, but also a rifle shot used for shooting; in addition, the fraction may be beaten by a drummer or a dancer. And here are the words leg and hypotenuse are purely mathematical terms. Answer:(G).

5. Here are some nouns: pronoun, adverb, preposition, conjunction, particle. How many of them are not only the names of parts of speech?

(A) One; (B) two; (At three o'clok; (D) four; (D) five.

Solution. Word pronoun is only the name of a part of speech. Word adverb can mean a collection of local dialects, for example: northern and southern dialects of the Russian language. Used to be a word adverb used in the meaning of 'language': - A Russian is ashamed not to know Bulgarian. Russian must know all Slavic dialects (Turgenev. the day before). Word pretext has the meaning 'reason': pretext for quarreling, pretext for refusing. Union means 'union': trade union, Writers' Union. Particle is a ‘small part’ (dust particles) or figuratively ‘a small amount’ (a particle of talent, a particle of truth). Thus, four of the five proposed nouns are not only the names of parts of speech. Answer:(G).

6. Words given: spades, clubs, hearts, diamonds. How many of them are used not only as the names of the card suit?

(A) None; (B) one; (At two; (D) three; (D) four.

Solution.Peaks- steel arms, worms- lower animals diamonds- musical instruments. And just a word clubs is only the name of the card suit. Answer:(G).

In the previous tasks, polysemantic nouns were considered. But figurative meanings, of course, can have other parts of speech. The following tasks are devoted to the polysemy of the adjective, verb, preposition.

7. Which of these nouns is an adjective round doesn't matter as much as the others?

(BUT) excellent student; (B) orphan; (AT) fool; (G) year; (D) tray.

Solution. Combined with the word tray word round acts in a direct sense, denoting the shape of an object. With the rest of the words round combined in the figurative meaning of ‘full, whole’. Answer:(D).

8. Verbs are given: 1) sits, 2)lies, 3)hanging, 4)goes. Which of them can be used as a predicate if the subject is a word dress?

(And all; (B) all but 1; (B) all but 2; (D) all but 4; (E) 2 and 3.

Solution. Verbs lies and hanging can be used in conjunction with the word dress literally, for example: The dress lies on the sofa. The dress is hanging in the closet. Verbs sits and goes can be used figuratively: The dress fits well. She suits this dress. Answer:(BUT).

9. In which of the sentences per is not used in the same sense as in the others?

(BUT) The boy hid the toy behind his back.

(B) The ball rolled into the goal.

(AT) The father took his son by the hand.

(G) The sun has gone behind a cloud.

(D) The family went on vacation abroad.

Solution. In sentences (A), (B), (D) and (E) the preposition per means ‘behind, on the other side’. And in sentence (B) it has a different meaning, more rare - as in phrases hold on to the handrail, grab by the collar. Answer:(AT).

The main types of value transfer are metaphor, metonymy and synecdoche. The last tasks illustrate these types of value transfers.

10. Each of the five words below is used in direct and figurative meanings. In which of the words did the transfer of meaning occur not on the basis of that in all the others?

(BUT) Bell (ringing bell - blooms bell);

(B) Class (friendly Class - spacious Class);

(AT) hat (knitted hat - hat snow);

(G) Apple (delicious Apple - eye Apple);

(D) needle (sewing needle - pine needle).

Solution. In all these words, except for the word Class, the transfer of meaning is associated with the similarity of the shape of objects: a bell is a flower, the shape resembles a bell; a snow cap resembles a headdress; the eyeball, like the usual one, has a spherical shape; the pine needle is sharp and long, like a sewing needle. This transfer of meaning by similarity is called metaphor. Another thing is the word Class. Here, one word refers to both the premises and the totality of people who work in it. Here is the transfer of value by adjacency (one in the other). It is called metonymy. Answer:(B).

11. When new things come up, old words sometimes take on new meanings. Below are five examples of these new values. One of them relates to the old meaning of the same word differently from the other four. Which?

(BUT) Disk(with sound recording); (B) brushwood(pastry); (AT) diplomat(suitcase);
(G) tail(queues); (D) wing(aircraft).

Solution. In all variants, except (B) diplomat, the transfer of the name from the old thing to the new one occurred due to the similarity of some of their properties: the form (disk, brushwood), locations (tail), locations and functions (wing). This transfer is called metaphor. And the suitcase became be called diplomat as a result metonymy- transferring the name from the object (human diplomat) to the one adjacent to it (the kind of suitcase he uses). Answer:(AT).

12. Given nouns: apple, apricot, cherry, cherry, plum, quince, grape, gooseberry. Which of them is significantly different from the rest in meaning?

(BUT) Apple; (B) apricot; (AT) cherry; (G) plum; (D) quince.

Solution. All words except the word Apple, have two meanings each: ‘plant’ and ‘fruit of this plant’, i.e. the same word designates both the whole and the part of this whole. This type of value transfer is called synecdoche. Apple has only the meaning of a fruit, another word is used for a tree - Apple tree. Answer:(BUT).

1 - I.Rubanov, 2 - E.Muravenko and I.Rubanov, 3–5, 7, 10, 12 - E.Muravenko, 6 - I.Itkin, 8 - N.Muravenko, 9 - L.Iomdin, 11 - E. Dmitrieva.

To be continued