Dimensions of cars traffic rules. Permissible trailer dimensions

Russian legislation clearly regulates the permissible dimensions of a trailer and semi-trailer.

According to Russian legislation, the length of the trailer must be no more than 12 m, the width - 2.55 m, and the height - 4 m. This also applies to the dimensions of containers transported on trailers. The maximum allowable trailer body dimensions depend on the body type. So, the width of refrigerators and isothermal bodies is allowed no more than 2.60 m, all other types - 2.55 m. The length and height are the same for all types.

The total length of the road train is allowed no more than 18.75 m. In this case, the distance between the rear axle of the van and the front of the trailer must be 3 m or more.

The length of the semi-trailer is not specified separately and is calculated together with the length of the tractor. The total length of the articulated vehicle allowed no more than 16.5 m. In this case, the distance between the locking axle and the rear part of the semi-trailer must not exceed 12 m, and the distance from the fifth wheel coupling to the front part of the semi-trailer must not exceed 2.04 m. Thus, the semi-trailer has an allowable length about 13.6 m, the exact figure depends on the length of the tractor.

Trawls used to transport large equipment have big sizes compared to trailers and semi-trailers. The trawl can have a working platform up to 20 m long, but the driver must have a special permit.

Maximum trailer vehicle weights

According to the law, the permissible weight of the trailer depends on the number of axles. Two-axle trailers must be no heavier than 18 tons, three-axle - 24 tons.

The mass of articulated vehicles is also determined by the number of axles.

A two-axle tractor articulated with a semi-trailer on 2 axles must have a mass not exceeding 36 tons.
Two-axle tractor with a semi-trailer on 3 axles - 38 t.
The permissible mass of a three-axle tractor with a semi-trailer on 2 axles is 37 tons.
The maximum mass of a three-axle tractor with a trailer on 3 axles is 38 tons.

The permissible weight of the road train depends on the number of axles truck and a trailer, the length of the total base and varies from 36 to 44 tons.

Dimensions of goods transported on trailers

Legislation determines not only the dimensions of trucks, but also the dimensions of the goods transported on them.

Loads transported in open bodies must have a height of no more than 4 m, taking into account the height of the wheels and the platform. Thus, low-bed trailers allow you to carry loads of greater height.

The length of the load must be equal to the length of the body. The permissible overhang of the cargo from the trailer is 2 m. If this indicator is violated, it is necessary to obtain a special permit for the transportation of oversized cargo. With an overhang of 1 to 2 m, a special permit is not required, it is enough to mark the overhanging part of the load with a red tape.

Purchase of trailers

You can buy new semi-trailers, trailers and trawls of different carrying capacity, as well as spare parts for them at the Spare Parts and Trailers Center. Products of the Chelyabinsk Machine-Building Plant car trailers is different high quality and competitive prices, and wide selection trailers allows you to choose a model for any needs.

Regardless of the type of vehicle, sometimes you need to transfer something that exceeds its dimensions or permitted weight. In order to avoid problems, you need to know in which case this is considered a violation, when it is necessary to hang the appropriate sign and what are the dimensions of the “oversized cargo” sign, as well as the degree of responsibility of the driver who does not comply with the norm. So, we analyze the question “Oversized cargo: dimensions, requirements SDA".

What is oversized cargo

The traffic rules describe two options: items that go beyond the dimensions of the car, or exceed the maximum weight allowed for transportation. The dimensions of oversized cargo according to traffic rules are determined as follows:

The load in front or behind protrudes 100 cm or more.
Protrudes from the side: from 40 cm.

For trucks, the following parameters are considered non-standard:

Vehicle height over 2.5 m.
Weight - over 38 tons.
Length - from 24 m.
Width - from 2.55 m.

Installation of the sign according to the requirements

If it became necessary to transfer a non-standard size cargo (oversized) on a passenger car, the requirements of the SDA state that it is necessary to fix it so that it does not interfere with the driver’s view, cannot slip off and does not touch the road. It is forbidden to transport objects larger than 2.55 m wide and 2.5 m long on a passenger car. For violation of this rule, the driver can be deprived of the rights for six months.

When transporting a protruding object, it is necessary to attach a special sign to the body or other places visible to other road users. The dimensions of the “oversized cargo” sign according to GOST are 40 * 40 cm. This metal shield must have red and white stripes painted on it, located diagonally. You can also use not a shield, but a special sticker.

In addition, in order to comply with the dimensions of the “oversized cargo” sign, you need to make sure that its surface is reflective. This is necessary to prevent an emergency when transporting in the dark. In this case, it is worth additionally hanging reflectors (red and white, respectively).

For a truck, in addition to a similar designation, other, special ones are also used: large size, long length, road train.

Penalties for violations

For non-compliance with the rules regarding the size of the load or its improper fastening, which threatens to cause an emergency on the road, the driver is responsible. The fine for oversized cargo in length and for violation of the rules for securing it is 2.5 thousand rubles.

If such placement or excess weight by freight transport allowed by an authorized employee of the company, a fine is charged from him in the amount of 15-20 thousand rubles. Legal entities for such violations, they are already fined for 400-500 thousand rubles.

In addition to a monetary fine, the driver is sometimes deprived of his license for six months, depending on the severity of the violation. Thus, we found out what an oversized cargo of size can be according to the requirements of traffic rules.

According to the rules of the road Russian Federation(hereinafter SDA) the permissible width of the vehicle is 2 meters 60 centimeters for refrigerators and isothermal vans and 2 meters 55 centimeters for other vehicles. The maximum vehicle height is 4 meters. The maximum length of a road train including one trailer cannot exceed 20 meters, while the length of the tractor and trailer cannot exceed 12 meters.

The permissible mass of a two-axle vehicle (hereinafter referred to as the vehicle) cannot exceed 18 tons, 25 tons for a 3-axle vehicle and 32 tons for a 4-axle vehicle. The mass of a 3-axle road train must not exceed 28 tons, a 4-axle road train 36 tons and a 5-axle road train 40 tons.

The maximum axial load at a distance of more than 2 meters between the nearest axles should not exceed 10 tons per axle, at a distance of 1.65 to 2 meters inclusive 9 tons, at a distance of 1.35 to 1.65 m inclusive. should not exceed 8 tons, at a distance of 100 to 135 cm, the maximum axial load should not exceed 7 tons, and with a distance between the nearest axles, the maximum axial load per 1 axle should not exceed 6 tons.

All vehicles that do not fit into these restrictions are oversized and for their movement on roads common use special permits are required. For driving a vehicle exceeding these dimensions, the driver is fined or withdrawn by the VU in accordance with the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

The main problem is the lack of understanding by drivers of these norms. So let's break it down into questions and answers.

B: car width 2.55 + mirrors. Is it oversized?
A: No, this is the size.

Q: Is it possible to overhang the load by 0.4m on each side and 2m behind?
A: yes, but at the same time, the width of the vehicle with a load cannot be more than 2.55 m, and the length of the road train cannot be more than 20 meters.

Q: what does the phrase "strike along the axes" mean.
A: For example, a 3-axle truck enters the scale. The total weight is less than 25 tons, the distance between the rear axles is 135 cm, but the load on the rear bogie is 20 tons, i.e. not 8 tons per axle, but 10. This is not much better than that if the truck weighed more than 25 tons.

Q: I was carrying tires (tires are taken as an example), they fell apart on the road, the awning was opened and my license was taken away. IDPS right?
A: Yes, IDPS is right, as the dimensions of the vehicle are exceeded, but there is no permit. The driver is responsible for exceeding the dimensions.

Q: The walls of the refrigerator, which according to the documents has a width of 2.6 m, are “inflated” even without cargo, will the rights be taken away?
A: Yes, they will.

B: height of the vehicle on raised cushions (meaning axle cushions, analogue of springs) in transport position is 402 cm, will they take away the rights?
A: Yes, the rights will be taken away. If in the transport position the vehicle exceeds the dimensions, then these are your problems, they do not care about IDPS. Try to bleed air during stops or look for legal justifications for the fact that your vehicle was measured not in accordance with GOST.

Q: according to the documents, the cargo is 20 tons, it fits into the gauge, it turned out on the scales that there are 25 tons, who is to blame.
A: the shipper is to blame, he will pay for all the "representation", but often it is not always possible to immediately prove this, so legal delays are possible.

As you can see, the working conditions are quite tough and the driver almost always has good chance to be left without documents, but you should not be afraid of this and give money, since giving a bribe is a serious article, and your guilt has yet to be proven in court. According to the stories of those who carry oversized cargo, there are years when they travel for 8-10 months a year not with a license, but with a temporary permit. The main thing is to know the laws, and not at the level of “heard somewhere”, but verbatim formulations and, if possible, carry a collection of laws with you.

The maximum width of the transported cargo, height and weight must not only correspond to the dimensions of the vehicle, but also comply with the transportation rules approved by regulatory documents. For most cargo transportation, no approval is required, as the products fit comfortably in the back of a car of the appropriate size and carrying capacity. When transporting voluminous and heavy products, it is necessary to comply with established rules.

Traffic regulations for the carriage of goods

In the rules traffic operating on the territory of the Russian Federation, the maximum allowable dimensions of transported goods are clearly defined by car, as well as the mass and purpose of products. The owner of a truck, when performing a commercial flight or when using the equipment personally, must comply with the following requirements:

Each vehicle has a maximum allowable load per axle set by the manufacturer. These parameters must be respected under all conditions.
The dimensions of the width of the transported cargo, its length and height are not significant in case of poor installation and fastening of products in the car body. The driver is responsible for placing and fixing the goods.
Transportation of cargo must be carried out without restricting the driver's view, interfering with movement, including other vehicles.
The maximum length of the transported cargo must correspond to the size of the body. If the product protrudes more than a meter, a special designation is required. With a greater excess, the products fall under the category of large-sized and are indicated by special signs.
The permitted dimensions of the transported cargo in width and height are also strictly regulated.
Transportation of products that pose a danger to the public, or with overall parameters in width, height or length of 2.55 meters, 4 meters and 20 meters, respectively, falls under the category of oversized. In such cases, the rules provide for the issuance of a special permit.

The cargo taxi "Gazelkin" will carry out the transportation of any product, including large-sized ones. Our equipment fully complies with the requirements of the traffic police, and transportation is carried out with the necessary precautions.

Responsibility for exceeding the dimensions of the transported cargo or transportation conditions

Compliance with restrictions on the height of the transported cargo, the maximum permitted width and length is a prerequisite for each carrier. Freight taxi "Gazelkin" is fully responsible for compliance with the requirements normative documents and is not taken for work that does not comply with the rules of traffic rules.

The safety of cargo, road safety are the main criteria for this kind of work. The tolerance of the dimensions of the transported goods is checked by the police, and if the conditions are not met, penalties are imposed:

In the absence of a designation on the load protruding beyond the body.
If the transportation of bulky or oversized products is carried out without special permission or, for any requirements, does not comply with the information in the document.
Penalties apply when exceeding the maximum permissible load on the axle.
Not allowed traffic violation drivers transporting products or items.
If the consignor has submitted incorrect information about the composition, weight and dimensions of the goods, sanctions are also imposed on him.
Not the dimensions of goods transported by road, transported in excess of the permissible mass of the car, lead to the removal of the car from the route.

When accepting an order, loading and fixing it in the body, it must be taken into account that the fine is imposed on the driver, officials and the owner of a transport company.

Basic rules for the transportation of oversized cargo

Maximum allowable height of the transported load from the ground or the permitted width of the transported load on the trailer, as well as the weight of the product are not the only criteria for quality and safe transportation. Freight taxi "Gazelkin" when accepting orders takes into account a large number of factors that allow you to perform the work as efficiently and rationally as possible.

Qualified employees know exactly how much, according to the rules, can be transported in length, how to stack and fix in the body various items under what conditions a permit will be required. In order to avoid problems for the customer, the following requirements are met:

Heavier items are placed in the lower part of the body. This arrangement allows you to achieve greater stability of the vehicle, respectively, safety when driving.
Products are evenly placed in the body, and the gaps between the items are filled with soft pads, foam and other similar materials.
All products in the body are carefully fixed, and deviations from regular places are monitored during movement. In case of any suspicion, the products are fixed again.
To inform other road users, a sign “ Oversized cargo". Additional installation of reflective elements is possible.
When transporting special cargoes, an appropriate permit is issued.

It is allowed to use vehicles with an external and internal turning radius of not more than 12.5 and 5.3 meters, respectively.

In accordance with the accepted rules, the cargo is suitable for bulky if the total weight of the loaded equipment is not more than 38 tons, and also if its length and width do not exceed 24 and 2.55 meters, respectively, and the height is 2.5 meters. In case of any deviation, the products are classified as oversized and require a special permit.

Contacting a Gazelkin cargo taxi is an opportunity to quickly and inexpensively resolve the issue of transporting any cargo, regardless of the distance of transportation. Availability of technically prepared and serviceable machines of various carrying capacities, as well as professional staff guarantees flawless execution of the application. The car will arrive at exactly the specified time to the desired address, and all related issues can be discussed with the manager, available by phone or e-mail.

Often, goods are transported by rail or by road train, the dimensions of which go beyond the standard limits. They are called oversized, require special marking, fixing and stowage during loading. Dimension - what is it and why is it needed? There are several main types of dimensions that are used to calculate the type of a particular cargo, equipment, and also allow you to take into account travel routes in problem areas.

Railway dimensions

Considering that trains travel in a strictly fixed direction and cannot turn around to go around an unexpected obstacle, there are certain dimensions related to buildings, cargo and rolling stock that have clear and fixed dimensions.

The outline perpendicular to the axis of the track, in which the railway stock standing on the straight track should be placed, without the parts going beyond this contour, regardless of the load, is called the gauge of the rolling stock. These dimensions refer to wagons and platforms that circulate on all types of general purpose tracks. railways Russia and can be operated exclusively on lines where devices and buildings meet the requirements included in the size of the building.

building zoom

Dimensions - what is in relation to the approach of buildings on the railway? The maximum transverse contour, inside which, in addition to trains and other rolling stock, other elements of devices and structures should not enter, is the clearance of buildings.

Excluded from this list are only parts directly related to the train (ensuring its operation). These include:

Hump retarders for wagons.
Signaling and communication devices.

The placement of these devices within the overall space must be coordinated by the elements interacting directly with them. Gosstandart provides for two types of dimensions for approaching buildings: "C" and "Sp".

Cargoes and equipment (dimensions)

Dimensions and dimensions of cargo are regulated by the loading gauge. It represents the maximum transverse contour in which the load must be placed, without any parts extending beyond established norms. This indicator is close to the same indicator but has large tolerances in width by 15 cm (340 instead of 325).

Products and goods that cannot be placed in accordance with the loading gauge are classified as oversized items. Their transportation is carried out in the order provided by management RUSSIAN RAILWAYS. In order to control the correct placement of transported objects at points of mass loading (on access roads, in ports, at transfer points), clearance gates are mounted that control the freedom of passage of a loaded transport train.

Container dimensions

To ensure safety, efficiency and maximum productivity during loading and unloading and transport operations, all containers have certain fixed dimensions, depending on the type. Below are the dimensions of containers that are most often used in the transportation of goods.

Standard twenty-foot modification:

External length/height/width - 6096/2591/2370 (mm).
Similar internal indicators - 5935/2383/2335 (mm).
Maximum weight (with container) - 24 tons.
Volume - 33.9 cubic meters. m.

40ft refrigerated container:

External length/height/width - 12192/2591/2438 (mm).
Similar internal dimensions - 11555/2280/2286 (mm).
Gross weight (maximum) - 30.48 tons.
Container (weight) - 4.37 tons.

Requirements and dimensions for oversized cargo

Oversized cargo is transported products, the size of which goes beyond the limits established by the relevant paragraphs of the transportation rules, as well as the technical indicators of the vehicle (TC). Such goods are not intended for transportation on ordinary trucks or wagons.

According to the rules of the road, oversized cargo must be transported by vehicles that have the following indicators:

Width (mm) - 2500.
Length (mm) - 20,000.
Altitude from road level - 4000 m.

If the dimensions, dimensions of the cargo are more than four meters wide, it must be transported under the supervision and accompanied by employees of the State Traffic Inspectorate.

Limitations of the functionality of the vehicle in terms of capacity:

Height - 2500 mm.
Length - - 13 600 mm.
Width - - 2500 mm.

If at least one indicator is exceeded, the products are classified as oversized cargo. Dimensions also affect the cost of transportation.

Peculiarities

Knowing the concept of "dimension", what it is and what its features are, it is much easier to navigate in optimal choice cargo transportation. Transport goods that are larger than normative indicators, is not always acceptable. All pros and cons should be considered.

The advantages include the following:

Carrier's guarantees on the safety of products and ensuring traffic safety.
Usability different kind transport, depending on the characteristics of the cargo.
As a variant, railway rolling stock can be operated.

Among the shortcomings there are such aspects:

The complexity of the installation and stowage of cargo, the dimensions of which do not make it possible to optimally place it on the transport platform.
The need to coordinate such transportation with Federal Service trucking.
High price.

Transportation methods

Dimensions of equipment or other cargo that exceed the standard dimensions require individual approach to their transportation in each particular case.

If the goods have an excessively large mass, then it is appropriate to use platforms with an appropriate load capacity and the maximum possible number of axles, which serve to protect against deformation of the roadway and ensure weight distribution over the entire loading plane.

Transportation of oversized cargo can be carried out by special vehicles (ferries, barges, transshipment ships, high-power truck tractors, special railway rolling stock).

Conclusion

In the transportation of goods, it is very important to take into account any size. What it is, has been discussed above. Briefly, it can be summarized that standard size is a guideline, the excess of which requires a different approach to the transportation of goods, taking into account its width, length, height and weight. These same parameters mainly affect the choice of the vehicle that will be transported. At the same time, vehicles must be equipped with special signs and plates warning about oversized cargo.