Planting garlic before winter must be carried out at strictly defined times. Planting garlic in the fall before winter - when to plant

Planting garlic in the fall before winter for an experienced gardener seems like a trifle. A beginner necessarily has a bunch of questions related to determining the exact dates, preparing planting material, and beds. In order to be able to harvest a good harvest the first time, let's look at the technology of growing a spicy vegetable in our garden.

When to plant garlic in the fall: timing

Optimal landing time winter garlic in the fall, each gardener determines individually. The timing depends on the climate of the region. Usually, garlic is planted before winter three weeks before the expected onset of frost. The soil in late autumn should still keep warm at about +10 ° C. Before winter, teeth or seeds can be planted in colder soil, but it should not be frozen.

The choice of such dates is explained by the fact that before the onset of winter planting material should take root. Late autumn is accompanied by cool weather. Only the earth holds heat. The conditions are optimal so that the garlic develops a root, and not an above-ground green stem. If planting is carried out in early autumn, then leaves will grow along with the roots, since it is still warm outside. In winter, green spaces will freeze or suffocate under a crust of ice.

Approximate planting dates before winter in different regions the following:

• the middle lane - the last days of September and until mid-October;
• south - the last days of October and the whole of November;
• northern regions - the second decade of September, ending in the first days of October.

By folk omens old people try to send garlic to the garden in the fall before the onset church holiday Cover.

The video tells about the timing of planting garlic in the fall:

How to prepare garlic for planting in the fall

To learn how to prepare garlic for planting in the fall, you need to know what a spicy vegetable is grown from. For reproduction, the following material is used:

• Teeth. Planting material is obtained from the head, dividing it into parts. For landing winter garlic in autumn, teeth are not always beneficial, as they are quite large. To plant a large plantation before winter, you will need to use a lot of heads.
• Seeds. Vegetable growers also call this planting material bulbs. You can grow seeds yourself, if you do not pick arrows from the plant.

It is easier to grow a crop from cloves, but over time, you will have to start another garlic, as diseases accumulate in such planting material. With bulbs it is more difficult, but every year there will be a healthy harvest guaranteed.

Preparation of cloves for planting in the fall occurs according to the following rules:

• Select only large intact heads. The onion is divided by hand into teeth, trying not to damage the shell. Be sure to break off part of the bottom.
• There are varieties that do not throw arrows. The bulb may consist of several rows of cloves. For planting in the fall, only the teeth of the outer first row are taken.

The resulting teeth are carefully examined. All damaged ones are thrown away. Get rid of double teeth.

To prepare the bulbs for planting before winter, you first need to know how to grow them. If there are no harvested seeds, teeth are planted in the fall. Feathers will sprout in spring. You can not pick greens for food. Over time, arrows will appear, twisted at the end with a donut. In summer, a peduncle is formed, from which bulbs will appear.

Arrows pluck in autumn. Yellowed foliage will serve as a signal. However, they cannot be overexposed either, otherwise the bulbs will break through the thin shell and crumble to the ground. In order not to accidentally pick unripe seeds, gardeners tie the head of the peduncle with gauze. Even if the bulbs break through the shell, they will all remain in the bag.

Important! If garlic bulbs were planted in the fall, then in the summer a full-fledged head will not grow from them. The first season, a small, rounded onion grows from the seeds - a single-tooth. The resulting seedlings are planted again before winter, and only in the second season does a large head of garlic grow.

How to process garlic in the fall before planting

The treatment of garlic in the fall with disinfectants helps to protect against damage to the bulb. Each vegetable grower has his own method of disinfection. You can use the following options:

• The teeth are soaked for 20 minutes in a solution of the drug "Maxim".
• Soaking in "Fundazol" helps to reliably disinfect the planting material. The time of etching the teeth and the method of preparing the solution are described in the instructions for the preparation.
• The simplest and efficient processing obtained by soaking the teeth for 30 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate color pink.
• Using blue vitriol disinfectant solution prepared from 10 g of powder per 1 liter of water. Etching time - 30 minutes.
• Good results are obtained by soaking the teeth for 10 minutes in the Fitosporin solution.
• From folk methods a solution consisting of 1 liter of water and 2 tbsp is popular. l. kitchen salt. The teeth are soaked for 30 minutes.

When preparing bulbs for planting in the fall, a pink solution of potassium permanganate is used. Seeds are soaked for 2 hours, after which they are dried a little. There is another folk recipe, based on the use of saline. In two liters of water dissolve 1 tbsp. l. salt, immerse the bulbs for 3 minutes. While the seeds are pickling, prepare another solution of two liters of water and 1 tsp. copper sulfate. Bulbs extracted from salt water are sent to be pickled for 3 minutes in a new solution.

The video tells about the preparation of garlic for planting:

Preparing the soil for garlic in the fall

At least two weeks in advance, they begin to prepare the soil for planting garlic in the fall, so that the earth has time to slightly compact. Too loose soil is unacceptable for planting garlic. When settling, the earth will draw planting material to a greater depth.

The bed is broken in a sunny area. The optimal location is from north to south. The soil is dug up to a depth of about a shovel bayonet. Weed roots are selected from the ground, cleaned of large stones. A spicy vegetable grows well on a light fertile soil with neutral acidity, well permeable to water and oxygen. If the soil is heavy, sand is added during digging. Acidity is reduced with lime or chalk.

How to cultivate the land before planting garlic in the fall

In autumn, all pests hide in the ground. The soil may contain spores of fungi and other pathogens. For prevention, a few days before planting, the entire garden is watered with a 1% solution of copper sulfate. If poured from a watering can, 1 bucket of liquid is enough for 2 m 2. On the day of planting, urea granules of about 20 g / m 2 are scattered on the surface of the beds and watered from above. clean water from a watering can.

Fertilizer for garlic when planting in the fall

During the preparation of the beds, fertilizers are applied in autumn for garlic per 1 m 2:

• compost, peat or humus - 1 bucket;
• ash - 1 cup;
• superphosphate - 1 tbsp. l.;
• potassium sulfate - 2 tbsp. l.

Fertilizers are dug along with the ground after cleaning the beds from the roots of grass and debris.

Attention! Fresh manure cannot be used for fertilizer. The heads of garlic will grow loose. In winter, the crop will not be stored well.

How to plant garlic in the fall

The general rules for planting garlic in the fall in the ground include the following:

• taking into account the rules of crop rotation, they choose the optimal place for the beds;
• prepare the soil;
• process planting material;
• grooves are cut in the garden, adhering to the planting pattern;
• plant teeth, single teeth or bulbs;
• sprinkled with earth.

In cold regions, for the winter, the bed is additionally covered with organic mulch. From above, you can put small tree branches to hold the snow.

Then you can plant garlic in the fall

Planting a spicy vegetable before winter is carried out taking into account crop rotation. Garlic grows well after:

• legumes;
• cabbage;
• cucumbers;
• zucchini;
• green manure, excluding barley and oats.

A spicy vegetable grows medium well after all other garden crops. The exception is carrots, spicy greens, radishes.

Attention! In one place, garlic can be planted before winter only two years in a row.

How deep to plant garlic in the fall

The teeth are buried in the ground by about 10 cm. Vegetable growers have two rules for planting for the winter:

1. The depth is determined by the height of the tooth, adding 5 cm to the result.
2. According to the second most common rule, the depth is calculated by multiplying by 3 the height of the clove.

In the ground, the teeth are immersed with the bottom down.

Bulbs when planting before winter can not be deepened much. Seeds are sown in grooves 3 cm deep, covered with earth from above. The bed is not watered. Before the arrival of winter, crops are covered with straw or other mulch.

From the bulbs in July, full-fledged single-toothed teeth will grow. Bulbs are dug up, dried in the shade. Before winter, single teeth are planted to obtain heads of garlic for the next season. The depth of immersion of the bulbs in the ground is no more than 4 cm. For the winter, a bed with single teeth is covered with mulch.

The scheme of planting garlic in the fall

The scheme of planting teeth before winter involves cutting long grooves. Between the rows leave a gap of about 30 cm, so that it is convenient to weed with a chopper. If the bed is very long, it is difficult to cut even grooves. Vegetable growers use a stretched rope as marking.

Cloves can be planted in holes if the bed is small. Pits are dug with a spatula or squeezed out with the neck of a bottle. The distance between the teeth is about 10 cm.

When garlic is planted with seeds in the fall, a distance of 2 cm can be left between the bulbs, but not more than 10 cm. Single teeth are planted for the winter in the same way as garlic cloves.

Care after landing

In autumn, planted garlic requires little or no care, but a little preparation for winter is needed. The bed after planting the teeth and single-tooth is usually not watered. Enough rain. If autumn is dry, the ground can be slightly moistened with a watering can so that the bulbs take root faster.

For the winter, the bed needs to be insulated. The rule does not apply only to residents southern regions. In all other areas, the bed is covered with mulch from straw, foliage, and small branches from above. In the spring, large organic matter is removed. Small mulch can not be raked out. Organics will serve as a fertilizer, prevent the evaporation of moisture, and inhibit the growth of weeds. Planting material that survived the winter well can be identified by green sprouts breaking through in the spring from under the mulch. You don't need to water the garlic. For the first time, there will be enough moisture in the ground after the snow melts. As soon as the bed begins to crust after drying, the first loosening is performed. You can not tighten it, otherwise the crops may suffocate.

Conclusion

Planting garlic in the fall before winter, as well as caring for plantings, is a simple process. Enough to stick simple rules agricultural technology, and a spicy vegetable will thank you with a generous harvest.

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Garlic, the cradle of which is Central Asia, is a herbaceous, perennial joy from the genus Onion. Vegetable culture, recognized throughout the world, can be cultivated as a spring and winter crop. Before planting garlic before winter, you should learn about all the intricacies of winter sowing of a popular vegetable that is in demand not only in cooking, but also in the medical field.

Planting site selection and soil preparation

Sowing garlic, which is a light-loving crop, is carried out on sunny areas with loose fertile soil non-acidic reaction. Prepare a place for the future placement of garlic should be 2-3 weeks in advance. The site is dug up to a depth of 20-30 cm with the simultaneous application of organic and mineral fertilizers at the rate of 5 kg of humus, 30 g of superphosphate, 20 g of potassium salt per 1 m2. Fresh manure, which is the reason for the greater susceptibility of the plant to harmful organisms, should not be applied. After enriching the earth with nutrients, it should be disinfected - pour it with a solution of copper sulfate, prepared from 1 teaspoon of the product, diluted in 10 liters of water. For the best effect, it is recommended to cover the area with a film.

How to determine the time of planting a plant

To collect good harvest it is necessary that the garlic stop growing, having managed to build up a root mass 12 cm long, without developing the aerial part. Considering these requirements optimal timing fall in the second half of September until October 20, depending on the agro-climatic conditions of the cultivation area, since vegetable crop planted 35-45 days before the arrival of frost.

Important! Unrooted winter garlic or developing green mass will die. In order to avoid freezing the vegetable, it is necessary to strictly observe the terms of planting.

Choosing a variety for planting

One of the components of obtaining a large and high-quality crop is the choice of a zoned variety of winter garlic. Among the most common and sought after are:
"Lyubasha" is a winter and drought-resistant variety bred by Ukrainian breeders. It is represented by heads weighing 70 g, consisting of 7 teeth, as well as an aerial part up to 120 cm high.
"Ukrainian White" is a non-shooting variety, the planting of which can be carried out both in spring and autumn. A bulb weighing 140 g has up to 12 cloves.
"Jubilee Gribovsky" - high yielding variety with a bright spicy taste, distinguished by resistance to pests and diseases. High degree of softness.
"Messidor" dutch variety with excellent yields and large bulbs out of 10 teeth.
"Purple Kharkiv" is a disease-resistant variety that gives arrows. Name owes purple flattened bulbs, the weight of which can reach 70 g.

Proper technology and scheme for planting garlic before winter

In order to harvest a rich harvest of a popular vegetable next season, it is necessary to study the nuances of how to properly plant garlic before winter.

Then you can plant garlic

Before choosing a territory for cultivating a vegetable, one should decide on the optimal and acceptable predecessors, the placement of winter garlic after which will not reduce the potential indicators of its yield. Suitable predecessor crops are nightshades, cucurbits and cereals with a short vegetative phase. If root crops were cultivated on the site, depleting the soil from early spring to mid-autumn, then another place should be found.

How deep to plant garlic

The depth of planting garlic will depend on the selected planting material.

Grooves with a depth of 15-20 cm are prepared for the teeth.

If the gardener decided to plant bulbs that give a full-fledged bulb only in the second year, then you should not dig furrows deeper than 3 cm.

How to plant garlic

Landing technology provides for a number of mandatory manipulations:
1. The planting material is sorted out and inspected: injured, rotten and with a damaged shell are rejected.
2. Healthy teeth are disinfected by soaking in ash liquor for 2 hours.
3. In the selected area, grooves are prepared with a distance of 20-25 cm.
4. The bottom of the grooves is sprinkled with a layer of coarse sand of 1.5-3 cm, which will protect the teeth from contact with the ground and possible decay.
5. The distance between the planting material is maintained at 8-15 cm, which depends on its size.
6. After embedding, the plantings are mulched with a layer of peat or sawdust of 2-3 cm.
7. In winters with little snow, the beds are covered with roofing material, which is removed immediately after the start of snowfalls to form a snow cover.
Note! To prepare ash liquor, it is enough to dilute 400 g of ash in 2 liters of cool water, previously boiled for about 30 minutes.

How to care for winter varieties

Garlic is a cold-resistant crop that, with proper planting and care in winter with a developed root system, will not cause much trouble, having pleased with an excellent harvest.

Soil treatment

With the advent of spring, plantings are freed from shelter, if it has not been removed earlier, and from a layer of mulch, which will allow sprouts to break through easily and quickly. After the emergence of seedlings, the beds can be mulched again, which will save time on weeding and loosening, which is required after watering or natural precipitation.

Watering

Winter garlic requires abundant watering during the period of active growth. When the bulb formation stage begins, the volume and frequency of wetting are reduced, which further contributes to the long-term storage of the crop. In rainy summer conditions, additional watering is not necessary.

Top dressing and fertilizers

When seedlings appear, garlic should be fed with nitrogen, which it can get from urea, a solution of mullein prepared in a ratio of 1:5 with water, or a solution of bird droppings with a ratio of 1:10. At the end of June, it is recommended to carry out a second top dressing using 300 g of ash per bucket of water.

Important! When choosing fertilizers, preference should be given to organic matter, to which garlic responds better.

pruning

At the beginning of summer, the development of arrows is noted, which should be cut off or simply broken out until they reach a height of 10 cm or the formation of a characteristic curl inside. In the absence of such a procedure, the bulb will not have time to develop properly and will remain quite small.

Treatment for diseases and pests

During rainy summers or overflows on garlic, manifestations of rust and fusarium can be detected, which should be immediately dealt with by spraying the beds systemic fungicide. Also, garlic can be attacked by insects such as onion moth and onion leaf beetle, which will be dealt with by an insecticide applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. To prevent the colonization of garlic even more dangerous pests- root mites and stem nematodes - crop rotation and pre-planting of cloves will help.
So, the correct planting of winter garlic in compliance with all agrotechnical requirements is the key to a large and high-quality harvest.

Compliance with the basic rules of agrochemical science will allow anyone who wants to get large heads as a result, like in a supermarket, to plant garlic for the winter. That's just stored winter varieties plants are very bad - this should be taken into account by all gardeners.

• Choice of landing site
• How to plant
• Frost protection
• Work in the spring

Choice of landing site

The plant "loves" the sun's rays, so a well-lit area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe garden will be an ideal place for it. At the same time, water in such a place should not stagnate. good predecessors plants are legumes, cucumbers and melons, potatoes. It is not recommended to plant a vegetable in the same place all the time.

According to the qualitative characteristics, the soil may have a different composition - both black soil and sandy or loamy soil are suitable. The main condition is that the earth must be loose. To do this, about a month before the expected planting date of the cloves, it is necessary to dig up the area allotted for garlic, with the addition of fertilizers, so that the plant planted for the winter is large. Usually, experienced gardeners for the winter, a vegetable is planted in beds or in boxes filled with fertile soil.

As fertilizers for garlic are used:

Nitrophoska;
superphosphate;
humus;
compost.

"Ennoble" clay or sandy soil will help peat mixed with loam. Level the prepared soil and disinfect with a solution of copper sulfate.

Important! Garlic does not like acidic soil, so it is best to get tested at the nearest seed station. If the soil turned out to be highly acidic, the situation is corrected by adding when digging dolomite flour or lime.

Optimal terms of work

Before planting garlic before winter and in order to be large in early summer, you should carefully read the weather forecasts for the next 2-3 weeks. Early planting will force the plant to grow and it will die from frost. Late - will not allow the cloves to take root well. On average, work on planting seed for the winter begins in the Middle lane in late September - early October.

Variety selection and preparation of planting material

Preference should be given to zoned varieties intended specifically for the region in which the gardener lives. You can also use foreign winter-hardy species garlic, however, it should be remembered that the conditions for plants in another country are somewhat different from the local ones. This may adversely affect the future harvest.

Divide the heads into cloves, trying not to break the dry shell on each of them.

Soak the prepared garlic in one of the following compositions for half an hour:

Saline solution;
potassium permanganate solution (potassium permanganate);
solution wood ash;
copper sulphate solution;
solution "Fitosporin-M".

Such measures are necessary to combat fungal diseases, for which the surface of planting material is a fertile breeding ground.

Important! You can not keep the teeth in the compositions long before planting, so as not to degrade the quality of the planting material.

How to plant

Winter-hardy varieties of garlic are gaining weight and size well with enough free space around. Therefore, the distance between the cloves should be at least 10 cm. The aisles in the garden with spices should be left at least 20 cm.

The planting material planting depth exceeds the spring one and is about 10 cm, so that the garlic does not freeze out at very low temperatures during the winter months. Most often, the calculation of the depth of the grooves is done in a simple way- it should be equal to twice the height of the average garlic clove.

Frost protection

Often in the middle lane European plain sub-zero temperatures come before heavy snowfalls, freezing the surface of the soil several tens of centimeters deep. To avoid damage to the future crop from the cold, beds with winter garlic should be mulched. Suitable as a covering material:

Peat;
sawdust;
humus;
needles;
spunbond or agrofibre.

To delay in the beds with winter-hardy plants as possible large quantity snow, you can cover them with trimmings of branches.

Work in the spring

As soon as the positive temperature is established and the snow melts, all the mulch should be removed. This will help the spice grow faster. spring top dressing it is better to carry out after the soil has dried in the aisles to combine it with the first watering. Suitable potash fertilizers or urea.

Garlic responds well to loose soil, so regular weeding between rows helps not only to get rid of weeds, but also to saturate the soil with oxygen after winter "hibernation".

Important fact: winter garlic often throws arrows after the sun has warmed it enough. They should be broken out without fail, leaving “stumps”, 2-3 cm in size.

There are varieties that are suitable only for winter sowing (as a rule, shooters, with wide leaves), and some grow equally well both in autumn and in autumn. spring planting. Growing winter garlic is not difficult, but here it is necessary to meet the deadlines for planting. This moment is extremely important! Garlic planted early in autumn will have time to germinate and die in winter, planted late - will not have time to take root and safely winter. The choice of planting time before winter depends on the region, weather conditions and individual preferences of the gardener.

When to plant garlic according to the lunar calendar in September 2018

AT northern regions planting of winter garlic begins in September. It is better to do this on the waning Moon on the Days of the Root, when the night star passes through the fertile signs of the Zodiac.

According to the lunar calendar, the most suitable days in September will be: September 1, 5, 6, 18, 19, 27, 28, 29 September.

• new moon - 8, 9, 10 September
• full moon - September 25

Lunar calendar for planting garlic before winter in October 2018

In October, it is already possible to plant not only garlic, but also to carry out winter sowing root crops such as carrots, beets, radishes. Planting days all these cultures are almost the same.

The lunar calendar of gardeners and gardeners recommends planting garlic on October 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 25, 26, 29, 30 October.

• on the new moon - October 8, 9, 10 (new moons in September and October coincided)
• full moon - October 24

How to prepare garlic for planting in the fall

To learn how to prepare garlic for planting in the fall, you need to know what a spicy vegetable is grown from. For reproduction, the following material is used:

• Teeth. Planting material is obtained from the head, dividing it into parts. For planting winter garlic in autumn, cloves are not always beneficial, as they are quite large. To plant a large plantation before winter, you will need to use many heads;
• Seeds. Vegetable growers also call this planting material bulbs. You can grow seeds yourself, if you do not pick arrows from the plant.

It is easier to grow a crop from cloves, but over time, you will have to start another garlic, as diseases accumulate in such planting material. With bulbs it is more difficult, but every year there will be a healthy harvest guaranteed.

Preparation of cloves for planting in the fall occurs according to the following rules:

• Select only large intact heads. The onion is divided by hand into teeth, trying not to damage the shell;
• Be sure to break off part of the bottom;
• There are varieties that do not throw arrows. The bulb may consist of several rows of cloves. For planting in the fall, only the teeth of the outer first row are taken.

How to process garlic before planting before winter

Ash lye.

This is a solution of wood ash, which not only disinfects planting material, but is also valuable. mineral fertilizer that improves the growth of garlic. To prepare lye for processing, 2 cups of ash are added to 2 liters of water and kept on low heat for 30 minutes. The solution is allowed to stand and cool. Then the upper transparent part is drained, in which the teeth are soaked for 1 hour.

Potassium permanganate or potassium permanganate.

It is a well known antiseptic. But, in order to prevent burns, you need to use its slightly pink solution, stirred until the crystals are completely dissolved. Before planting, the teeth are kept in the solution for 1 to 3 hours, depending on the condition of the material.

Disinfectant solutions should be cool so as not to stimulate the teeth to germinate.

Phytosporin.

The action of the drug is based on the use of beneficial bacteria that destroy harmful microorganisms, spores and fungi. Most often it is used in the presence of signs of the disease, even on individual teeth that are not used for planting. The solution of the drug is prepared in accordance with the instructions and the teeth are placed in it for 30-60 minutes. The same solution can be used to disinfect the soil in the beds before planting. Fitosporin-M also has a tonic effect and improves plant growth.

Maxim.

This drug has the same effect as Fitosporin, so one of them is chosen for disinfection. Available in liquid form in ampoules. Usually one ampoule is designed for 1 liter of water, unless the manufacturer has provided other proportions. Processing is carried out immediately before planting for 30 minutes. The solution of the drug is used to cultivate the soil.

Copper vitriol.

Treatment with a 1% solution of the drug is carried out for 2-3 minutes. You can also first use a saline solution (3 tablespoons of salt per 5 liters of water) for 2-3 minutes, and then a solution of copper sulfate (1 teaspoon per 10 liters of water).

Salt.

Promotes the destruction of bacteria and fungi. Processing is carried out immediately before planting. The solution is prepared at the rate of 5-6 tbsp. l. simple table salt without additives per 10 liters of water. The teeth are kept in the solution for 2-3 minutes and, without washing, are planted in the ground.

Such simple measures for preparing garlic for planting before winter are available even to novice vegetable growers. And the result of their implementation is an excellent harvest of healthy products.

Personal experience of gardeners

When to plant garlic before winter is the main question that worries summer residents in the fall. The planting time depends on the weather conditions: autumn will be somewhat warm when the first frosts come and steady cold sets in. But we are not weather forecasters and not clairvoyants (unfortunately), nevertheless, experienced gardeners already have their own secrets, which they successfully share in newspapers and magazines, as well as on the Internet. Let's take a look?

Leonid Shapkin from the Kaluga region writes on the pages of the Dacha newspaper that he is planting garlic on September 10-15. He considers this time to be optimal for winter planting.

“It was the case, I planted it earlier - before September 10, but the garlic did not have time to sprout in the fall. Once planted in October - the garlic was all frozen. When planting, he does not press garlic into the ground, but puts his teeth in a groove, sprinkles with loose earth and mulches with rotted grass, hay. The author claims that early planting allows you to increase the yield.

Andrey Ershov from Lipetsk on the pages of the same newspaper gives the following advice on deepening the teeth:

“If you plant garlic earlier, it means you need to go deeper, later, higher. When planting until mid-October, you put the teeth in grooves 10-12 cm deep. Garlic takes root well and tolerates frost. And, it happened, he planted later - at the end of October! Then it was necessary to deepen the sponges by only 5 cm, but (necessarily!) Mulch with grass to preserve heat with a layer of at least 10 cm. So, “playing with depth”, you can vary the planting time.

The author of the video blog "Garden for the Soul" Svetlana Samoilova every year tries to have time to plant garlic before the Intercession - until October 14th. But I had to plant even on the November holidays, and the garlic pleased with the harvest. The main thing is that wild frosts do not strike, and the earth is not bound by ice. Svetlana's site is located in the Moscow region.

The author of the video blog “Whether in the garden, in the garden” Yulia Minyaeva usually plants garlic from September 20 to October 1. But, sometimes, the dates are postponed due to warm, rainy weather. Svetlana's site is located in the Moscow region.

The author of the Garden World video blog, Natalya Petrenko, starts planting garlic on October 15 and it always grows good. At early landing garlic feather germination can occur and the garlic becomes vulnerable to frost. When planted in the middle of the month, garlic has time to take root. The author's site is located in Nizhny Novgorod.

When to plant garlic before winter and what and how, so as not to be late with the landing and the onset of frost did not destroy the culture? Let's talk about the timing and other subtleties of planting winter garlic.

Experienced gardeners know that the planting time for this crop should be chosen accurately.

Important! If you are late with planting in the fall, then the garlic will not have time to take root. Planting too early will produce shoots that will also die in a cold winter.

The wrong time to plant garlic in the fall will lead to the loss of part of the crop or to its complete death. In order for it not to freeze and give a rich harvest, there are some rules.

When to plant garlic before winter

The main rule is that garlic should be planted before the arrival of frosty days. The ideal time for planting is 15-20 days before frost. When the air temperature in the region stays around +5 degrees for 2 weeks, then the crop needs to be planted, as it will be cold soon.

Interesting! According to lunar calendar for middle lane For Russia, including for the Moscow region, this time falls on the end of September - the beginning of October. In regions with a warm climate, the procedure for planting crops is scheduled for the month of November.

What kind of garlic can be planted

There are 2 types of garlic:

• winter;
• spring.

They possess different characteristics and have many differences from each other. Need to know what kind of garlic is planted before winter. This is winter view, which has obvious differences in size, taste, aging and storage time.

Winter

A distinctive feature of this species is the head, which consists of 4-12 fairly large teeth. They are covered with a pink film with purple streaks. The teeth are held by a strong rod.

The taste of winter garlic is sharp, even burning. This type is usually used for various preparations for the winter. Also, it is used for sowing. In its pure form, it is not left for storage in winter time of the year.

Spring

This species does not have a stem. Small cloves in the amount of up to 25 pieces are collected in a circle in several rows. It tastes much softer than winter. It can be stored throughout the winter until warm spring days.

Winter and spring garlic are also divided into the following groups:

• shooter;
• non-shooting.

arrowed

These types of garlic release an arrow during the ripening period. Air bulbs are formed on it, in which children are placed. They can be planted in the ground to produce single teeth, which can then be planted in the fall. Consider several arrow varieties of garlic.

Alekseevsky. A fruitful variety with a large head. Weight can reach up to 180 g. Some specimens reach up to 240 g. The scaly coating is gray. There are approximately 5 large teeth in the head. The plant itself looks impressive, it can grow up to 1.5 m in height (with an arrow). long time. The taste is intense. The variety is valued for its resistance to Fusarium.

Gulliver. This variety has a large head weighing about 120 g. large garlic can reach up to 250 g. gray color, the taste is pungent. There are about 12 cloves in one head. The mid-late variety Gulliver can be planted not only for the winter, but also in the spring.

Belorussian. The head of this variety of garlic weighs about 80 g. It contains up to 8 cloves. The finish is white with purple strokes. The variety belongs to early ripening.

Lyubasha. The ripening period of this culture is medium. The head of garlic is not small and weighs up to 120 g. It usually contains 7 cloves. Garlic has a spicy taste.

Nazus. Usually this variety is planted by gardeners living in cold regions. One head of garlic, which contains 5-6 cloves, weighs about 65 g. The vegetable is covered with red-white scales. Refers to the mid-season type.

Non-shooting

This group of plants does not develop an arrow.

Novosibirsk. The variety has small heads, weighing 22 g and about 6 cloves inside.

Cover color is light pink. The taste of garlic is not as sharp as its counterparts. The variety is mid-season, gives a good harvest.

Podmoskovny. Mid-season variety, which is endowed with a sharp taste. One bulb can weigh up to 60 g.

Inside there are 6-8 cloves. The color of the coating of the vegetable is gray with purple splashes.

After which crops to plant

Years of gardening experience has shown after which cultures on the site sow winter garlic on the site. The vegetable grows well in the area where its predecessors were:

• legumes,
• cucumbers,
• tomatoes,
• pumpkin,
• early cabbage,
• zucchini.

After these crops the land is rich organic fertilizers and minerals.

Do not plant a vegetable for the winter in the garden where it previously grew:

• potato.

The fact is that garlic is susceptible to such diseases (fusarium, nematode, etc.), so there is a risk of infection.

Important! On the land that have recently been fertilized with manure, you can not plant garlic for the winter.

Garlic will “leave” in the green with abundant tops, and the heads of garlic will be loose, which will make them vulnerable to various diseases.

Watch the video! Correct fit garlic in autumn

How to plant

Choosing a place for winter garlic

For planting garlic in the fall, you should choose the most fertile land, which has normal or low acidity. It will be better if the site is located on the sunny side. The beds should be arranged in a north-south direction.

Soil preparation

The land must be prepared in advance. You can work from the end of August to mid-September. First, add fertilizer to the soil. To do this, prepare a mixture:

• humus - 10 kg,
• ash - 2 cups,
• chalk - 1 glass,
• potassium sulfate - 2 tbsp,
• superphosphate - 1 tbsp.

Important! This amount of fertilizer is applied per square meter. The fertilized area must be dug well to a depth of 20 cm.

We are preparing a garden

Before planting garlic, it is imperative to form a bed correctly. It should have the following parameters: width - up to 1 m, height - up to 25 cm.

Soil settling time

After the site has been dug up, it is necessary to give time for the shrinkage of the earth. If there is not enough rain at the beginning of autumn, then you can water the bed several times with water.

It is important to know, when to plant vegetable. A big mistake of gardeners is to rush when planting garlic without waiting for the soil to shrink. This negatively affects its development. Over time, the earth will still settle, and the planted cloves will be deeper in the ground than expected. In the spring, they will need more time to germinate.

We cultivate the soil

It is necessary to carry out another important procedure before planting winter garlic. In order to prevent infection of the culture, the area should be treated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate.

To prepare it, you need to take:

• 1 tbsp copper sulphate;
• to a bucket of water.

Using a watering can, water the entire bed for sowing with this solution. One bucket of liquid is enough for approximately 2 square meters of area. Immediately before planting a vegetable, scatter urea over the area (10-20 g per 1 sq.m). Then pour water over it.

How to prepare garlic for planting

Before landing work, you need to familiarize yourself with what kind of garlic can be planted in the autumn, as well as with the rules for preparing vegetables for planting.

• We disassemble the head into teeth. We carefully sort out all the cloves and select the largest, dry and healthy ones. Teeth of non-shooting varieties for planting should be selected only from the outer layer.
• Disinfection. Healthy cloves, which were selected for planting in the fall, are soaked for 24 hours in a solution of potassium permanganate (0.1%). You can also use a solution of copper sulfate (1%).

Single tooth planting

We create holes

After preparing the site, we plan places for the holes. For this purpose, you can use an ordinary stick, with which we make holes in the soil every 10 centimeters. We place the rows at a distance of 20-25 cm from one another.

Depending on how the garlic is planted, the depth of the holes can vary from 3 to 15 cm.

Deepen the garlic cloves

Place one healthy clove of garlic in each well. It is not recommended to press them into the ground, as this can cause late root formation. Dry soil should be watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. We fill the holes with rotted prepared compost.

We mulch the garden

As a mulch, the layer of which should be about 10 cm, you can use:

• dry leaves,
• needles,
• peat.

Advice! In warm areas, beds with planted garlic for the winter do not need to be mulched.

An alternative way to plant winter garlic

Gardeners use this method in rare cases, but it has its advantages.

• First, you need to fertilize the area where winter garlic will be planted.

In the last days of August, the following fertilizers are applied per sq.m:

• potassium sulfate - 2 tbsp;
• superphosphate - 1 tbsp;
• humus - 10 kg;
• wood ash - 2 cups;
• chalk - 1 glass.

Fertilizer is applied in dry form to the entire area.

• Now it is necessary to carry out high-quality cultivation of the soil. For faster shrinkage, it should be well watered. If it rains at this time, then watering is not needed.
• An important point of this method is the planting of oats, peas and white mustard along the beds for garlic. We place the rows of these crops 35-45 cm from the prepared beds.
• A couple of days before the procedure for planting a vegetable, top dressing is applied:
  • 10-20 g of urea per 1 sq.m.;
  • After that, the entire area is well watered.
• In early October, peas and oats will already grow over 20 cm in height. Now is the time to plant garlic in the beds located between the green shoots.

Although this method is not as popular among gardeners, it is quite effective. The foliage of the crops will collect snow in the area, so the garlic will be provided with a warm covering. With the advent of warm spring days, it will be provided with moisture.

Watch the video! Planting garlic before winter

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