Minimum temperature for outdoor operation. What should be the temperature in the office

In order to make it pleasant and comfortable for the employee to work, as well as to ensure that his work is efficient and effective, and the functional state, working capacity and health of the employee are not affected, the Sanitary rules and norms SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 were developed. Hygiene requirements to the microclimate of industrial premises”, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated 01.10.96 No. 21.

In accordance with clause 1.2 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, sanitary rules apply to microclimate indicators at workplaces of all types of industrial premises and are mandatory for all enterprises and organizations.

Sections 5 and 6 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 provide for optimal microclimatic conditions and permissible microclimatic conditions in relation to the performance of work various categories during cold and warm periods of the year.

So, for example, for employees in the field of management who work while sitting with little physical stress (category Ia), the air temperature in the room is cold period time should be 22-24 degrees Celsius, and in the warm period - 23-25 ​​degrees.

The rules establish that when the air temperature at the workplace is above or below the permissible values, the time spent at the workplace (continuously or in total per shift) should be limited. For example, at a room temperature of 29 degrees, the time an employee spends at the workplace should not exceed 3–6 hours, depending on the category of work.

However, Art. 163 Labor Code The Russian Federation established that the employer is obliged to provide acceptable conditions for the employees to fulfill the production standards. Therefore, in case of violation of the temperature regime, the employer is obliged to take appropriate measures to eliminate them. It could be like new system ventilation, as well as the installation of a conventional office air conditioner or a (multi) split system.

In the event of a violation sanitary norms during the inspection by the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service Russian Federation(SES of Russia) an organization may be held administratively liable. So, for violation of the current sanitary rules on entity a fine of 10 to 20 thousand rubles is imposed. or suspension of activities for up to 90 days (Article 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). Employees have the right to complain about non-compliance with sanitary standards and call the labor inspectorate.

Each organization is free to choose its own policy to address temperature violations in office space and at the enterprise. However, the installation of climate technology helps to maintain the pace of productivity, and the money invested will pay off not only in this, but also in subsequent periods, because there are split systems that are designed not only for cooling, but also for heating. So, such climate technology can come in handy in the subsequent cold period.

1. DEVELOPED: Research Institute of Occupational Medicine of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (Afanasyeva R.F., Repin G.N., Mikhailova N.S., Bessonova N.A., Burmistrova O.V., Losik T.K.); Moscow Research Institute of Hygiene. F.F. Erisman (Ustyushin B.V.); with the participation of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases (Sinitsina E.V., Chashchin V.P.); Goskomsanepidnadzor of Russia (Lytkin B.G., Kucherenko A.I.).

1.1. These Sanitary Rules and Norms (hereinafter referred to as the Sanitary Rules) are intended to prevent the adverse effects of the microclimate of workplaces, industrial premises on well-being, functional state, performance and human health.

1.2. These Sanitary Rules apply to microclimate indicators at workplaces of all types of industrial premises and are mandatory for all enterprises and organizations. References to the obligation to comply with the requirements of these sanitary rules should be included in the regulatory technical papers: standards, building codes and regulations, specifications and other regulatory and technical documents regulating operational characteristics production facilities, technological, engineering and sanitary equipment, which determine the provision of hygienic microclimate standards.

1.3. In accordance with Articles 9 and 34 of the Law of the RSFSR "On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population", organizations must carry out production control over compliance with the requirements Sanitary regulations and carrying out preventive measures aimed at preventing the occurrence of diseases working in industrial premises, as well as monitoring compliance with working and rest conditions and the implementation of measures of collective and personal protection working from the adverse effects of the microclimate.

1.4. Heads of enterprises, organizations and institutions, regardless of the form of ownership and subordination, in order to ensure production control are obliged to bring workplaces in line with the requirements for the microclimate provided for by these Sanitary Rules.

1.5. State sanitary and epidemiological supervision and control over the implementation of these Sanitary Rules is carried out by bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, and departmental sanitary and epidemiological supervision and control - by bodies and institutions of the sanitary and epidemiological profile of the relevant ministries and departments.

1.6. State sanitary and epidemiological supervision over the construction of new and reconstruction of existing production facilities is carried out at the stages of project development and commissioning of facilities, taking into account the nature technological process and compliance of engineering and sanitary equipment with the requirements of these Sanitary Rules and Building Codes and Rules for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning.

1.7. Project documentation for the construction and reconstruction of industrial premises must be agreed with the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Russia.

1.8. The commissioning of industrial premises in order to assess the compliance of the hygienic parameters of the microclimate with the requirements of these Sanitary Rules must be carried out with the mandatory participation of representatives of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the Russian Federation.

2.2. Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Regulation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 5, 1994, N 625.

2.3. Management " General requirements to the construction, presentation and execution of sanitary-hygienic and epidemiological regulatory and methodological documents" dated February 9, 1994 R1.1.004-94.

3.1. Industrial premises - closed spaces in specially designed buildings and structures, in which constantly (in shifts) or periodically (during the working day) labor activity of people.

3.2. Workplace- a section of the premises where labor activities are carried out during the working shift or part of it. Multiple locations can be a workspace. production premises. If these areas are located throughout the premises, then the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe premises is considered the workplace.

3.5. Average daily temperature outside air - the average value of the temperature of the outside air, measured at certain hours of the day at regular intervals. It is taken according to the meteorological service.

The thermometer on the street drops lower and lower every day, which means that it is time for Rostrud to remind the temperature standards in the office in winter and general rules organization of work of employees at low temperatures.

Are you warm girl?

In an official press release, Rostrud recalled that in order to ensure comfortable work, managers are required to support optimum temperature in the office in the winter in the area plus 21 degrees (Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision No. 21, dated October 1, 1996).

However, normal temperature in the office in winter - a relative concept, because in the Sanitary Norms and Rules (SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96), it, as well as the temperature in industrial premises, is tied to the type of activity.

For managers, office clerks, seamstresses and other professionals who spend most of the day in a sitting position, a temperature of plus 22-24 degrees is considered comfortable.

For those who spin like a squirrel in a wheel all day and spend time on their feet (sales assistants, hairdressers, etc.) - plus 21-23.

For specialists such as tour guides, for example, plus 19-21 degrees is enough.

If the work is related to the transfer of goods weighing up to 10 kg and constant walking - plus 17-19.

But with heavy physical labor, loaders, casters, blacksmiths must work in rooms where the thermometer does not fall below plus 16-18 degrees.

On a note! Each degree below normal shortens the working day by an hour. If the temperature in the premises is below plus 12, the work will have to be stopped, and the forced downtime will be paid in the amount of at least 2/3 of the tariff.

Rostrud reminded not only what the temperature in the office should be in winter, but also that employers are obliged on your own carry out cleaning of the territory, remove dangerous ice, knock down icicles and clean snow from roofs. “Obligation” is beneficial primarily to the employers themselves, because reducing the risk of injury minimizes payments to victims.

Punishment for violators

As practice shows, not all employers are ready to comply with the instructions and listen to reminders, therefore fines and other types of punishments, up to criminal liability, are provided for "evaders".

Art. 6.3 Administrative Code: for violation of sanitary standards officials you will have to pay 1 thousand rubles, individual entrepreneurs - up to 1 thousand rubles, legal entities - up to 20 thousand rubles. For the last two categories, a ban on conducting activities for up to 90 days is also provided.

Art. 236 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: if temperature regime was not observed, and the employees fell ill en masse, officials will be fined up to 80 thousand rubles, criminal imprisonment or correctional labor for a year is also possible; if inaction led to the death of an employee, the manager can sit down for 5 years.

Special conditions

With special attention it will be necessary to approach the organization of labor of those who work under open sky or in unheated rooms. Article 109 of the Labor Code clearly states that workers must take breaks in order to warm up in heated rooms (gatherings around a lit fire are a direct violation labor law). It is important that such breaks are included in work time. Their duration and frequency are prescribed in the internal regulations.

At the disposal of builders and other professionals working on fresh air, heated trailers and change houses should be provided, in which the air is heated to 21-25 degrees. The rules even state that it is necessary to equip special "warmers" for hands and feet with a temperature of 35-40 degrees.

Employees should be given special warm clothes - hats, mittens, and in the trailer - there should be a first-aid kit with medicines for the prevention and elimination of frostbite.