Series of houses 464 9 floors layout. Typical series of Khrushchev

1957-1962: First batch of episodes

Series I- 515 (5-floor panel, 9-floor - in the 70s)

Multi-section, panel residential building with ordinary and end sections.
In house 1, 2, 3 room apartments.
Ceiling height 2.48 m.
Exterior walls are claydite-concrete panels-blocks 400 mm thick.
Internal - concrete panels of thickness. 270 mm.
Partitions gypsum concrete panels 80 mm thick.
Ceilings reinforced concrete multi-hollow panels 220 mm thick.

Had a continuation as a mass 9-storey series
and experimentally - 12-storey.

As a rule, they are relatively well preserved.
Reconstructed series

Reconstruction project for a 5-storey residential building series 1-515 without resettling residents.

Series II-32 (5-story panel)

II-32 - a series of panel five-story multi-section residential buildings,
one of the first series of industrial housing construction, the basis of some areas
mass housing development of the 60s.
Distinctive feature:
the balconies rest on supports extending from the foundation to the last floor.

There are no elevators in the houses, but garbage chutes are usually present.
Heating, cold and hot water supply - centralized.
The houses provide 1, 2 and 3-room apartments with separate and combined bathrooms,
three apartments per floor.
Ceiling height - 2.60 m.
The outer walls of the facades are made of vibro-brick panels with a thickness of 320 mm
with insulation from large-porous expanded clay concrete.
Internal walls - vibrobrick panels in one brick.
Calculations showed that the bearing properties of vibro-brick panels are twice as high,
than ordinary wall brick, however, due to the smaller thickness and greater
filling voids with mortar, many positive properties were lost.
Ceilings and external end walls are reinforced concrete panels.

There is also a version of the II-32 series houses with small apartments.
Several of these houses can be found on Zelenogradskaya Street. in Moscow.
In this case, there are no balconies, the ends are deaf, consisting of 4 panels,
and in the entrance there can be 8-10 apartments per floor.
Part facade panels has two narrow vertical windows - these are kitchen windows
two neighboring apartments at the same time.
After the end of the production of panels for the II-32 series, another
several dozen houses with small apartments,
but already with purely brick walls.

Destroyed series. Interesting comparatively great height floors.
As a rule, they are quite significantly worn out, the Nodes were especially affected,
balcony supports and roofing.

The most massive and most unsuccessful series in terms of durability.
Practically demolished. Only a few copies remain. See the link in the title for more.

Series I-335 (5-story panel, partial frame)

Most common throughout former USSR a series of panel 5-storey residential buildings.
In the form of individual inclusions are found even in Moscow. The first house in this series was built in
Cherepovets. The largest number houses of this series can be found in St. Petersburg-
Leningrad. There they were produced by Polyustrovskiy DSK. The series was recognized as the most unsuccessful of all
a series of residential buildings designed under Khrushchev. However, oddly enough, they were not included in the list.
houses demolished in Moscow in the first place. The houses of this series were built from 1958 to 1966,
after which they switched to the construction of the modernized series 1-335A, 1-335AK, 1-335K and 1-335D,
which were produced until the late 1980s.

Relative of K7 by design. Has similar problems.

"About the main complexity of the reconstruction work of panel housing
mass series will be semi-frame structures with external load-bearing walls and
inner row of columns, i.e. basic series I-335, widely used
until 1966."

In Moscow, presented in a single copy of the 5th st. Falcon Mountain

The external difference between the 1-335 series and other series in Moscow is wide windows
(double-leaf windows look square), iron 4-pitched roof
and elongated windows almost the entire height of the panel on the stairwells.
The end walls consist of 4 panels with windows on the outer ones.
Usually there is an external fire escape at one of the ends of the house.
In another modification, including which he built
Polyustrovskiy DSK (it is also found in the Moscow region)
may be flat roof no attic at all. There are 4 apartments on the site.

1-2-3-room apartments, ceiling height - 2.55 m. The central room is a walk-through.
Bathroom combined. Water, - and - centralized heat supply.

- spatial rigidity and stability of frame-panel buildings
provided by the joint work of floor panels, columns
and stiffening diaphragms in the form of prefabricated reinforced concrete walls,
interconnected and with metal columns
connections on welding or bolts;

Semi-framed residential buildings of the I-335 series are almost everywhere
are now in a pre-emergency state with almost exhausted reliability
design scheme, therefore, first of all, need to be strengthened
and increasing the rigidity of the system of supporting structures of the entire building as a whole.

Series I-464 (5-floor panel)

The construction of the 464 series of houses began in 1960.
However, these houses did not receive wide distribution,
In addition, the 464 series had a small step of transverse carriers.
walls 2.6-3.2 m. The house of the 464-series was 3
sectional five-story house. Section consists of 4 apartments
on the floor: one 1-room, one two-room
(with adjoining rooms) and two 3-room
(with adjoining-separate rooms) apartments.
The main characteristics of the 464-series:

Thickness bearing walls: 0.35 m
Load-bearing wall material: concrete with ceramic tiles
Ceilings: reinforced concrete, flat per room. (See attached drawings)
Kitchen area: 5-6 m2

Main disadvantages: poor layouts,
small kitchens, thin load-bearing external walls, thin coverings,
moral and physical aging of buildings of the series.

Building construction:
External walls are foam block 400 mm.
Internal panel thicknesses 200.
Partitions - gypsum concrete panels 160, 80 mm thick.
Overlappings - panels 140 mm thick.

A very rare and interesting project. Unlike its progenitor 439a, the very same walls with floor support that we see now in modern monoliths are used here. IN
Moscow did not come across to me ...

And the rest is the standard set of options at that time ...

Well, using these drawings, you can easily understand constructive solution building.

Well, the architectural concepts are presented below.

Reconstruction project for a 5-storey residential building series 1-511 without resettlement of residents for mass

II-29 (9-storey brick)

House type - panel
Floors - 5
Apartments - 1,2,3 rooms
Floor height - 250mm
Three-layer outer panels
Ceilings per room 140mm thick
Manufacturer - until 1962 Giprostroyindustriya trust, further DSK-2
Years of construction - 1958-1966
Distribution cities - Moscow, Dolgoprudny,

Series1605 (5-floor panel)

In the history of large-panel development in Moscow, there are one-day ones, like the already considered II35th & K7th and centenarians. Undoubtedly, the 1605 series, originally developed and produced by the GIPROSTROYINDUSTRIY trust, also belongs to the centenarians. The first versions of the series appeared in 1958, a little late compared to the K-7. BUT latest version built in 1985. when they were already building 44M in full. The record held for a long time and only in last years was beaten by the P44 and P3 series, but at the same time, the 1605th kept the record in conditions of fierce competition with the series of other authors and sometimes changed beyond recognition.

to be continued...

Previous series:

Redevelopment of the week: is it possible to modernize a small Khrushchev into comfortable housing?

It is no secret to anyone that most of the country's housing stock is outdated - both physically and morally. One of the first mass-produced houses that cities began to build up were five-story buildings, which are now pejoratively called Khrushchevs. This is a derived expression from the two words "slum" and "Khrushchev". So, in vain, contemporaries scold five-story buildings: these houses have proven themselves well and paved the way for the further evolution of typical housing construction. Today, about 70% of all residential buildings in Russia are typical ( apartment buildings built according to standard project(series).

IN major cities, for example, now there is a process of liquidation of five-story buildings, but not all of them. Since several series of five-story buildings were developed and erected, only those buildings whose technical wear does not allow for reconstruction were identified as "demolished" series. It is worth noting that the Khrushchev houses were actively built as temporary housing, with an estimated service life of 25-30 years, but even now these houses continue to stand, although their service life expired 30 years ago. And all because Soviet engineers and designers were highly qualified and made structural calculations that allow five-story buildings not only not to crumble from time to time, but make it possible to reconstruct, and in some cases, complete the construction of two floors.

It is now that we, contemporaries, wince at the sight of five-story buildings, and in the sixties people were happy to move from communal apartments on Patriarch's Ponds to separate housing with their own bathroom and kitchen in Novye Cheryomushki.

We propose to look at the example of a one-room apartment in a five-story building: is it possible to modernize it and turn it into high-quality housing that is relevant for contemporaries?

For a review of technical capabilities, the 464 series (1-464), built in 1958-1963, was chosen. The houses of this series include 1,2,3-room apartments and are "unbearable, that is, they are not subject to demolition in the near future.

Technical characteristics of the apartment

The apartment consists of one living room with an area of ​​19.6 square meters; kitchen area of ​​5.8 square meters; shared bathroom; hallway and balcony. The apartment is gasified. Its windows are directed to two sides of the world. Inside the apartment there is a main wall separating the room and the kitchen, and the ventilation duct is located between the kitchen and the bathroom.

First option. No redevelopment

This is the most budget way reorganization of the space, since there are no redevelopment works in it. Requires cosmetic finishing and updating engineering networks. The apartment has a small area - only 30 square meters, so it is important not to litter it with furniture, but to maintain a sense of space and use it as functionally as possible. For example, in this embodiment, there is a closet for storing clothes in the hallway, 85 cm are left for the passage, which is acceptable. However, if this space is not enough for you, then you can use a narrower cabinet model, not 60 cm deep, but 40 cm deep. If the cabinet is up to the ceiling, then you can organize additional places for storage.

The bathroom hasn't changed much. Only the toilet bowl was replaced with a model with a hidden barrel, which helped to hide communications. And under the sink you can place a narrow washing machine.

In a small kitchen, it is important to organize a comfortable space for cooking, so there was no place for a table in it ( dinner table located in the living room), but organized space for equipment. A countertop continues near the window - this allows you to increase the area for cooking and eating.

The living room is divided into two zones: a guest room and a bedroom. If everything is clear with the guest part and according to the drawing, then it is worth explaining about the bedroom area: we recommend using a wardrobe bed as a bed, which can be easily hidden.

Second option

Here the living room has been changed, namely, two autonomous rooms have appeared: a bedroom and a living room of 7.5 and 11 m2, respectively. The organization of the two rooms will take place without dismantling works, since there is a large opening in the main wall, in the center of which the wall is being built. You need to build this wall from a lightweight material, for example, from plasterboard or thin foam block. If erect new wall brick, then there will be a large load on the floor slab, which can break the frame of the building's rigidity. Since the configuration of the walls is changing, it will be necessary to approve the redevelopment project in the appropriate authority. The proposed option does not violate the Code of Rules and the Building Regulations, so it will not be difficult to obtain permission for such redevelopment.

Third option

If more work space is required in the kitchen, then the equipment can be arranged in a “P” scheme, of course, a place for breakfast is saved.

In the second option, the bedroom has a bed measuring 1,600-1,900 cm, which is the smallest size for a double bed. If this bed is not enough, then you can increase its size, as shown in the third option. Here, a space near the balcony was determined for a separate bedroom, and the other part of the room was given over to the living room.

In this option, the bedroom area is larger (7.6 m2) and, in addition to the bed, there is a large wardrobe and a bedside table. In the living room, which occupies an area of ​​12 m2, not only a guest area is organized, but also a workplace.

As we can see, housing in a five-story building can be modernized and turned into a comfortable space. Of course, the area of ​​​​the apartment has not increased, but if you follow our advice and do not "clutter up" the apartment extra furniture using light colors in interior design, you can get a comfortable living environment.

It is important to carry out redevelopment legally, therefore, in our options, it was not proposed what is unacceptable to do in this apartment, namely: to add a balcony to the residential part (the balcony floor slab in this series is separate and is not designed for the weight of insulated walls), neither kitchen or bathroom (since their expansion requires conditions that this series does not have), a gasified kitchen is also unacceptable to be combined with a living room (this is a violation of the Code of Practice).

Soon we will continue technical reviews of standard series houses.

Which was built a relatively small amount on Chokolovka and Otradnoe. Both 9-storey and 5-storey buildings of the 464-series were developed by the Moscow Institute "Giprostroyindustriya". This series was all-Union. The first 9-storey building of this series was released in 1965. It was a dotted 9-story house of the series 1-464A-20.

The construction of these houses was carried out throughout the territory of Kyiv, but especially many of them were built on Chokolovka, Otradnoe, Nivki, Voskresenka, Shulyavka, Solomenka, Darnitsa. But 3 years after the start of construction, the construction of houses of the 1-464A-20 series was discontinued. The reason was that the internal undesirable premises were used inefficiently: large areas were given to the stairwells located in the center of the building. In addition, the stairwells did not have windows to the street. This was bad in terms of lighting (it had to work around the clock) and fire safety.

The series has old diseases: a small step of transverse load-bearing walls of 2.6-3.2 m and thin external panels. Currently, realtors often calls the series 1-464A-20"box", erroneously classifying it as a "Khrushchev". However, this is not true. The layouts in this series are a little better, the kitchens are bigger. The house has an elevator. Houses of the 1-464A-20 series are single-section. The section consists of six apartments per floor: one 1-room apartment, four 2-room apartments (with separate and adjoining rooms) and one 3-room apartment (with adjoining rooms) or six 2-room apartments.

1-464A-20:

Series marking: 1-464A-20

Bearing wall thickness: 0.35 m

Ceilings: reinforced concrete, tented

Kitchen area: 6-7 m2

The main disadvantages: poor layouts, small kitchens, thin load-bearing external walls, thin hipped ceilings, moral and physical aging of the buildings of the series.

Series Description 1-464A - 51, 52, 53, 54.

For further modernization of the series, the Kyiv Institute KievZNIIEP was determined. By that time (early 70s), the share of the 464-series of Ukrainian house-building plants was 70% of their capacity. As a result of improvements, new modifications of the 464-series appeared: 1-464A - 51, 52, 53, 54.

Ideologically, the concept was already applied in the new nine-story houses 480-series. New modifications 464-series changed externally: they became multi-sectional, got windows on the stairwell, which was combined with the elevator shaft and the garbage chute. However, these houses were built from the same concrete panels with a record low thickness of 0.35 m, with the same small step of transverse load-bearing walls of 2.6-3.2 m. But with all the shortcomings, the series was the simplest, most economical and technologically advanced of all at that time, which made it possible to meet and exceed housing construction plans.

The construction of houses of series 1-464A - 51, 52, 53, 54 began in 1967. Due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, the series instantly spread throughout construction sites. And not only in Kyiv. The series was all-Union and was built in many cities. During the 60-70s, entire micro-districts were built up with the 464-series: Bereznyaki, Borshchagovka, Obolon, Vinogradar, Minsk, Kharkov, Komsomol

The layouts in these houses were "modest". All the same kitchens 6-7 m2, in one-room apartments- shared bathrooms small size living rooms and corridors. Externally, the modifications of the 9-storey houses of series 1-464A - 51, 52, 53, 54 practically do not differ, but inside they have a different structure: latitudinal (4 apartments in a section) and meridional (6 apartments in a section). For example:
1-464A-52 six-section house. The section consists of four apartments per floor: two 2-room apartments (with separate rooms) and two 3-room apartments (with shared-separate rooms);
1-464A-54 six-section house. The section consists of six apartments on the floor: in the end part - three 2-room apartments (with separate passages), two 3-room apartments (with joint-separate rooms) and one 4-room apartment (with joint-separate rooms), in the inner part - two 1-room apartments, two 2-room apartments (with separate rooms) and two 3-room apartments (with shared separate rooms).

In the early 70s, the construction of new 12-storey houses of the series 1-464A-52.
The planning structure of the 12-storey large-panel residential building was based on the end section 2.2.3.3 9-storey residential building 1-464A-52 using a new solution for a vertical transport hub. Smoke-free stairwell, required by the standards for 12-storey buildings, is moved outside the building and gives the facade from the entrance side a new architectural expression.
This made it possible to use the vacated space for the installation of a second elevator and the organization of floor elevator halls connected to the stairs by passages. Setting the staircase at an angle to the building made it possible to arrange a small entrance lobby on the first floor leading to the elevator hall. The garbage chute is placed in a separate light room. The 12-storey building is designed as a 2-section building. If necessary, sections can be combined into 4- and 6-section residential buildings. The section of this house consisted of 4 apartments per floor: 2 two-room apartments (with separate rooms) and 2 three-room apartments (adjacent-separate rooms)

The new 12-storey building absorbed all the shortcomings of the 464-series into the web, but allowed to increase the number of storeys. The apotheosis of construction of this type houses became a CURVILINEAR 12-storey residential building series 1-464A-52
in the residential area "Komsosmolsky", consisting of 24 sections and having 5 through passages.

The main characteristics of the series 1-464A-5xx:

Series marking: 1-464A-5xx

Bearing wall thickness: 0.30 m

Load-bearing wall material: concrete with ceramic tiles

Ceilings: reinforced concrete, flat (all walls are load-bearing)

Kitchen area: 6-7 m2

Main disadvantages: poor layouts, small kitchens, thin load-bearing outer walls, thin flat ceilings, practical impossibility of redevelopment (all walls are load-bearing), moral and physical aging of the series buildings.