If the only source of water in your country house is a well, then it should be protected and protected from all kinds of pollution. Even if every effort is made to protect it, pollution cannot be completely avoided. But at the same time, there are many ways how the well is cleaned.

There are many reasons why it's time to clean your well. In order to achieve the best result when doing this work, it is important to know the cause and root of the problem. There are several signs:

• bad smell;
• Colour;
• the presence of impurities, etc.

The most common problems:

Problem	Consequences and causes
silting up	As a result, the liquid becomes cloudy. Clay and sand deposits are observed at the bottom
Oil film	Sign of oil products. The reason may be the depressurization of the mine
rusty water	It is explained by the large amount of iron in the liquid.
bacteria	When water from a source is rarely used, then bacteria start up in it. The reason may be household debris that got into the mine, such as animals / birds and the like.
Bad smell	One of the reasons is the penetration of sewage
green water	The reason may come down to algae. Grows when exposed to a lot of sunlight
muddy water	In most cases, the reason for this is a failed bottom filter.

Cleaning is also required when you notice a drop in the fluid level. In almost all cases, this work can be done independently, without the involvement of specialists.

How often is correct?

Ideally, once a year. The spring season is predominantly chosen.

Advice: even if you don’t have any of the symptoms listed above, preventive cleaning will get rid of possible problems.

Regardless of whether you are carrying out preventive maintenance or scheduled cleaning of the source, it should be done on time when the snow has completely melted. Otherwise, there is a risk that the drained liquid will again return to the source through the perch.

Methods for cleaning the mine in the country, from silt and dirt

There are two main methods:

1. To go down.
2. Don't go down.

In the first case, serious precautions should be taken to get the job done. But you can achieve a better result, because it is so real to see what is happening at the bottom of the source.

The second way is the safe method. To solve the problem, special pumping and other equipment is used.

Safety

Carelessness can end fatally for the worker. It is necessary to take a number of measures:

• Do not do the work yourself: at least three people.
• When descending into the mine, be sure to use a safety rope attached to the belt.
• Before starting, make sure that there are no gases.
• In the event of a fall of tools from above, the worker below must press as tightly as possible against the wall. Moreover, work should be carried out in a protective helmet.
• It is unacceptable to stand at the bottom of the well at one point for a long time.
• You can not purge those who have heart problems.
• The ladder used must have a platform at the bottom, and securely hook it with a rope from above.
• Use reliable equipment, including a bucket, cable, etc.

Common Mistakes:

• Before starting work, the strength of the cable was not checked; the bucket being lifted may break.
• Unexplained causes of bottom silting. For example, if sand is present, the rings should be checked for integrity. Otherwise, sand can be pumped out indefinitely.
• If the source is standing, then the rapid pumping of sand will lead to subsidence of the mine. There may be rupture and seal failure.

Manual cleaning: what needs to be prepared?

Prepare the following tools, materials and clothing in advance:

1. Safety rope.
2. Long staircase. Instead, you can use a swing on a rope with a board tied at the bottom.
3. Durable bucket.
4. Metal brush.
5. Rope for lifting a bucket.
6. Cable for lifting and holding the ladder.
7. Slings.
8. Drum for lifting water.
9. winch.
10. Rubber boots.
11. Kasku.
12. Protective waterproof overalls.

A complete set of everything you need, will allow you to carry out work quickly and efficiently.

The process of cleaning the mine from concrete rings with your own hands

Let's consider in detail how to do it correctly, without using a pump. All work consists of several successive stages, such as:

1. Pumping out.
2. Inspection and cleaning of the bottom filter.
3. Analysis and repair of joints between reinforced concrete rings.
4. Mine cleaning.

The first step is to solve the pumping problem. The easiest way is to use a pump. If it is absent, then pumping is performed by buckets. A very long and laborious process. In the latter case, a winch and a drum for lifting buckets are installed.

Advice: this work should be done alternately, because a serious burden will be placed on one person. It is important to reach the conveyor so that the liquid is continuously pumped out.

You can pump out the liquid with a pump within a couple of tens of minutes, and the same work using buckets will take several hours.

The next step is to clean the walls of the mine. Drop into it and lock it. You need to start working from the top down.

For cleaning, a metal brush or some kind of scraper is used, some use a chopper. Very handy as they have a long handle.

Having cleaned the walls of the mine, it is necessary to start cleaning the bottom of the well. First, sand, silt, dirt and the like are scooped out with the help of buckets. Filling it, give a signal for extraction. Gradually, the bottom will be cleared of silt and other contaminants. The status must be checked. If necessary, it can be replaced or flushed with the existing one.

The condition of each seam between the reinforced concrete ring should be examined. If cracks are observed or the existing mortar peels off, then the old putty should be completely removed, a new mortar should be prepared and the joints should be sealed. Also, everything is covered with a waterproofing material, which is allowed in direct contact with clean water.

At the end of the work, the entire mine is disinfected. You can use ten percent bleach and a bucket of water. Mixing them, simply coat the walls with this composition. Thus, disinfection occurs, and all existing microorganisms simply die out.

How to clean from clay without going down into it?

A special self-priming pump is used. When performing work, difficulties may arise, since layers of gravel, sand, crushed stone are formed at the bottom. If you do not carry out timely cleaning of the well, then these layers will compact with each other. A pump with high power is required, which can quickly pump out liquid.

Important: if you use a weak pump, you can provoke even more pollution of the well. Moreover, the device itself under serious load will simply burn out.

Work begins with the following:

1. Lower the pump to the bottom for cleaning.
2. It dives to a distance from the bottom to one meter, and half a meter is possible.
3. Then the pump turns on and the dirt is pumped out.
4. After that, the liquid from the pump should be sent back to the mine. The jet will break up all deposits on the bottom.

It is extremely important to lift the device from time to time to the surface in order to clean the filters. The process is repeated until a clear liquid flows or until no large inclusions remain.

Before disinfecting the water in the well, you can take it to the laboratory for samples.

Advice: a clamshell bucket can be used to automate the process.

Features of using a clamshell bucket

A grab is a design consisting of two buckets. In the center they are connected by elongated levers-hinges. A chain or cable is attached to the edges of the buckets, which will pull to close the clamshell bucket. Well, if it will have a small weight.

The use of a clamshell bucket makes it possible to completely eliminate the need to go down into the mine yourself. Its use will allow you to raise silt, sand and other dirt from the bottom of the source. You can actually do the work alone, but it will be easier with assistants.

Before using it, you must completely pump out the liquid. Then the work is carried out in the following sequence:

• The clamshell bucket is suspended on a cable.
• During the descent, silt is captured (due to its fall under its own weight).
• Then you should pull the cable, and the buckets will close. A locking ring is installed so that they do not open when raised.
• Next, the grab is lifted by a cable to the surface.
• Buckets open up. All trapped silt, sand and the like are removed from them.

This tool is considered optimal for cleaning the well bottom.

Disinfection, cleaning products

There are several disinfection methods that can be used to disinfect well water.

White

The amount of whiteness should be calculated based on one can per ring. Having treated all the walls of the mine with this solution, you should leave it for a day. The head must be covered with plastic wrap.

Advice: when disinfecting a home well using whiteness or chlorine, be sure to buy protective gloves and a respiratory respirator.

After a day, all the accumulated liquid should be pumped out. If necessary, it can be pumped out several times during the week.

Potassium permanganate

Simple potassium permanganate will allow high-quality disinfection of country wells with drinking water. One bucket needs one tablespoon of potassium permanganate. Dilute it by mixing thoroughly. Pour all the product into the source to clean it from bacteria. After that, you need to wait about two hours, closing the head. After the time has elapsed, pump out the water. You can drain into the garden, such a composition will be useful for the soil.

Bleaching powder

If the liquid in the source was contaminated with bacteria or contaminated with organic matter, then a bleach solution is used. One liter of water requires 20 milligrams of bleach.

After adding this chemistry to the source, leave it for six hours. After the time has elapsed, the liquid is pumped out twice. After one week, it is recommended to boil the water. Now you know how to disinfect the water in your well if it has been attacked by bacteria or organics.

Iodine

Before you start cleaning the source with an iodine solution, you need to weigh the pros and cons. A number of researchers claim that this remedy has an excellent antibacterial effect. It destroys a large number of microorganisms and does not allow them to multiply. On the other hand, there is an opinion that iodine will make the liquid undrinkable.

If it is not possible to do a complete disinfection, then this tool is used to delay the completion of this work. So, for one liter of water you need three drops. The entire composition is poured into the source. Iodine should increase.

Pills

There are a lot of tableted products, mostly they contain chlorine, for example, Ecobreeze, Septolit and others. Their use is permissible only after preliminary cleaning of the source from all kinds of deposits on the bottom and walls of the mine. How to use them is indicated in the instructions from the manufacturer. By adhering to it exactly, you will be able to clean your source yourself and understand how often this procedure is necessary.

Ultraviolet

The use of ultrasound and ultraviolet refers to an alternative method. We immediately note the high cost of this purification option. But the advantage is that it is less labor intensive. Ultrasonic disinfection is carried out only after the preliminary cleaning of the shaft.

The disinfection process is carried out by a special unit, inside which there is an ultraviolet lamp. It is worth noting that this technology does not change the chemical composition of the liquid.

Preventive work

Potassium permanganate, iodine, or another drug described above can be used as prophylactic agents. Some tablets may also be used. But for this you need to read the instructions for their use.

What is the price?

If you are unable to cope with the task, you can contact specialized companies. Approximate prices in rubles:

• cleaning of a mine up to five rings deep - about 5 thousand;
• repair and sealing of one seam - about 300;
• waterproofing one seam - about 300;
• source pumping - about 2.5 thousand;
• disinfection with manganese - about 3 thousand rubles;

In any case, the cost will be formed individually, because each case is unique (region, distance from the city, etc.). You can focus on these prices before contacting specialists. With regard to the guarantee for work, it is approximately one year. This is true if the source is not used so intensively. If it is the main source of water, then you will have to clean it twice a year.

Conclusion

So we have considered all the features of how you need to learn, all the ways for this, what tools are used and how to make the work safe. By following all the tips and recommendations, you will be able to cope on your own. From time to time, carry out preventive cleaning so that at one moment it simply does not stop giving you clean water.

To consolidate the whole theory, we suggest watching the prepared video material at the end of the article. And if you have personal experience in this area, then share it by leaving comments at the end of the article. Your experience will help beginners.

Useful video

The well has long ceased to be the main source of water supply in dachas and rural areas, but still the owners are in no hurry to part with it. Indeed, in the summer there is a large flow of liquid for watering the garden, and if you connect the hose to the central water supply, then the water bills will increase significantly. And in the well, water is free and always in place. True, the periodic use of wells leads to a deterioration in water, and at one point the owners discover that it is simply impossible to drink it. There are two ways out: either leave everything as it is and use this source only for economic purposes, or perform a “general cleaning” of the mine. Consider how the well is cleaned with your own hands, depending on the cause of the pollution.

Before cleaning the well in the country, you need to understand what caused the water pollution. This will help to fix the problem exactly where it arose, and not act blindly. What could cause spoiled water is judged by signs: color, smell, the presence of impurities in the liquid raised from the bottom.

Leaky seams between the rings are to blame for the deposits of clay and sand at the bottom of the well, allowing muddy top water to enter the mine

Floating leaves and debris on the surface of the water signal that the owners do not care too much about the condition of the mine, forgetting to close the door of the house

The most common types of contaminants are:

• Water loses transparency and looks cloudy. The main reasons: the seams between the rings were depressurized, and the top water began to penetrate inside. It carries small particles of earth and clay, which is deposited at the bottom of the mine, interfering with the operation of the bottom filter. The second reason is poor-quality filtration of the aquifer. And the bottom filter is to blame.
• There is large debris, leaves or a fallen neighbor's cat in the water. The reason is free access to the mine from above. If the door is skewed, or it is completely absent, then the wind will cause a lot of dust and debris into the water, and its quality will gradually deteriorate.
• Darkening of the water. Dark shades are direct evidence that the owners rarely use the well. Water is not updated and stagnates. Bacteria begin to multiply actively in it.
• Greening. Green color indicates the presence of small algae in the water. And the owners are to blame for this, who leave the mine open. Penetrating sunlight causes the rapid growth of microorganisms on the inner walls, turning the well into a swamp.
• Red color of water. Yellow-red shades in the liquid indicate an excess of iron in the well. If such water is poured into a container and allowed to stand, then a rust coating will be noticeable on the walls. The reason is the poor quality of the aquifer, which cannot be eliminated by cleaning the well. It is necessary to install a filtering system at the water inlet to the house, and if the pipeline is not created, then use special home filters.
• Sewer smell and bad taste. If the water stinks, and extraneous tastes are felt when drinking, then the problem is in the depressurization of the mine. Somehow, sewer drains get into it. By the way, these same signs will be if an animal that you had no idea about fell into the water.

If too many deficiencies are identified, perhaps it is worth drilling a well? You can compare the pros and cons of both water supply options using the following arguments:

Preventive well cleaning

The main thing for the owners should be the annual preventive cleaning of the mine after the winter. Even if the water looks quite decent on the outside, it must be sanitized. To do this, they buy ordinary potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate), dissolve it in a bucket of water and fall asleep directly into the mine. One tablespoon is enough. After 2-3 hours, complete pumping of water is carried out. By the way, it can be poured directly into the garden. At the same time, you will disinfect the earth.

Important! Sanitation should be carried out after the snow has melted and the likelihood of precipitation and perched water penetration will decrease.

Complete cleaning of the mine: options

If the water does not suit you because of the sandy or clay sediment that has covered the bottom filter and interferes with its operation, and the quality and taste are at the level, then you can clean the well with a drainage pump.

The scheme of work is as follows:

1. Buy or borrow from friends, such as "Brook", and drainage, designed for pumping dirty cold water.
2. The brook will play the role of "troublemaker". It is lowered to the very bottom by screwing a short hose (up to half a meter). It must create intense fluid movement in order to raise as much sand and debris from the bottom as possible.
3. The drainage pump is suspended on a cable or winch so that it does not reach 30 centimeters to the bottom. Its hose should extend beyond the well to where you plan to drain the dirty water.
4. First, the "Brook" is turned on so that it stirs up the water, and after 5 minutes the drainer is launched.
5. By the state of the pumped water, you will see how much cleaner it has become. Typically, a 10 cm layer of sand is removed in 2 hours of pumping.

Important! The strength of the drainage pump should be enough for 2-3 hours of continuous operation. Low-power models will not cope with such a volume of sand, and the filter will instantly clog.

If you don't want the dirt from the bottom to flood your area with a layer of viscous clay, take the hose away from lawns and flower beds

If, after cleaning, the sand still appears, then you will have to do a general cleaning with the simultaneous repair of the mine itself, through the cracks of which the sand enters the water.

Major cleaning and repair of the mine

If the water in the well has become unusable due to the growth of algae, depressurization of the seams, or the ingress of some organic matter, you will have to completely pump out the mine, because it is impossible to clean the well filled with water (unless you are a diver!).

Since you will have to wash the walls and the filter manually, a series of devices should be prepared for cleaning:

1. Water pump for pumping liquid.
2. Safety ropes for the one who will descend into the mine.
3. The stairs are longer. If this is not found, build a rope swing with a board tied to it. On the board, the cleaner will stand with his feet.
4. Rubber boots.
5. Bucket and soft metal brush.

Important! Cleaning wells by hand is not done alone. This work requires 3 people: one will go down into the mine, the second will take buckets, tools out and feed them in, the third will monitor the safety equipment.

Wells with deep shafts need to be cleaned by the three of us, descending in turn, since at a depth there is a lack of oxygen and it is difficult for one person to work for a long time

Cleaning begins with immersion of the pump. It is launched and waited until the first ring is pumped out. Then you can go down and start mechanical cleaning of the empty ring, while the pump will gradually pump out the next one. If a person works alone (which is extremely dangerous!), Then it is better to first pump out the shaft completely and only then dive inside. True, before starting the descent, you need to make sure that you can breathe normally at the bottom. It happens that unsafe gases that have come out of the ground accumulate there. The easiest way to check the air quality is to dip a lit candle into a container. If it is not extinguished, then there is enough oxygen at the bottom for breathing.

The walls are cleaned with a brush with a moderate degree of hardness so as not to damage the concrete. If, during cleaning, cracks are noticed in the rings and seams, they are immediately covered with liquid glass mixed with cement.

After sanitation and repair of the rings, they begin to clean the bottom. Dirt, silt and sandy deposits clogged the bottom filter are taken with a shovel into a bucket and lifted out with a winch. It is advisable to work at the bottom in a construction helmet, because God forbid the bucket breaks on the rise! The material laid as a filter is washed, and if it collapses, then they get it upstairs and make a complete replacement.

When sediment rises from the bottom of the well, drops of dirt can fly, so the head of the cleaner must be protected by a construction helmet

If such a long period of disinfection does not suit you, treat the walls with a solution of potassium permanganate and leave for a day. Then pump it out twice - and you can use it. But in this case, the level of disinfection will be weaker, so it is recommended to throw a mesh with silicon to the bottom. It is considered a natural disinfectant. Six months later, the silicon is replaced with a fresh one.

As you can see, it is not difficult to put a stagnant well in order if you do not act alone and in compliance with all safety measures.

Any tank in operation needs to be cleaned. And a well filled with surface water is no exception. But, even knowing the need for regular carrying out of this procedure, not all owners are ready to pay large sums for the services of specialists.

Some do the cleaning themselves - the work is quite laborious and associated with certain risks. However, adhering to the methodology, and observing safety precautions, it is quite possible to return the source of water intake to its former purity without the involvement of professionals.

We will tell you for what reasons the tank clogs most often, we will describe how preventive and comprehensive cleaning of the well is carried out with our own hands, and we will also give tips on maintaining the water intake point.

A properly made well can last for decades. But even a well-equipped structure gets dirty over time.

Falling leaves, dropped foreign objects cause biological processes. And metal impurities can even worsen its condition, making it potentially dangerous for human health.

A number of signs will indicate that it is necessary to clean the well in the country:

1. The water has acquired an unpleasant odor and a strange taste.
2. Well, filamentous fibers began to occur in its composition.
3. Clay deposits formed on the walls of the structure.
4. The dynamic and static water levels have dropped.

A yellow tint indicates a high concentration of iron, a green color indicates the active reproduction of algae, and a brown-black indicates the presence of decay products of organic substances.

Causes of pollution

One of the main causes of water pollution in the well is the irregular use of the structure, as a result of which it simply silts up.

Silting often occurs if no one lives on a suburban area, and the well is used only from time to time

For the same reason, during a break in the use of a structure, it is recommended to remove filters and submersible pumping equipment from it so that they do not fail ahead of time. It is especially important to perform these actions in the winter.

A number of other problems can also be the cause of deteriorating water quality. Let's look at each in detail.

Poorly closing building cover

The well should be opened only at the moment when water is extracted from it. The rest of the time, its neck should be tightly covered with a lid. Otherwise, dust and dirt in the air will certainly fall into the mine and "do their dirty work."

A tightly closed lid protects the contents of the tank from direct sunlight, because ultraviolet promotes the rapid growth of algae.

Incorrectly made shutter from melt water

It should be a permanent waterproof "layer" around the upper casing ring. The thickness of the clay castle should be at least 50-100 cm.

If this condition is not met, the top water will penetrate into the tank, which, along with it, carries garbage, waste products and eroded pieces of soil.

Rupture of seams

No matter how well the seams in the well are sealed, with the annual freezing of the soil, cracks can form in them.

Through poorly sealed seams, surface groundwater seeps into the mine, which contains fertilizers and domestic sewage. You can correct the situation by closing the cracks with mortar with the addition of liquid glass.

Structural Ring Offset

The shift of structural elements is possible for various reasons, among them - improper installation and natural factors.

Ring offset options:

1. At the bottom of the trunk- occurs due to the influence of quicksand. We'll have to cover the separation points with cement mortar
2. Pushing out the top rings- occurs due to freezing of the soil. It is necessary to tighten the sheared rings with pins with thick wire.

To seal large joints, it is better to use "tension" cement of the brand NTs-80 or 87. A material characterized by increased elasticity is used in the construction of subways and underground tunnels.

The duration of the uninterrupted operation of the structure largely depends on how correctly the well is cleaned.

In order to unconditionally get rid of pollution and eliminate design defects, it is necessary to decide in advance how best to clean the well and, if necessary.

Image gallery

Over time, bottom sediments, debris, clay and silt accumulate in the well. To maintain the necessary freshness of drinking water, the owner will have to regularly clean the bottom and shaft. The frequency of the procedure depends on the composition of the water, the type of soil and other terrain features, but cleaning should be done at least once every five years. It is not difficult to clean the well - we will consider the main methods in this article.

Cleaning is a necessary preventive measure that allows not only to improve the quality of water, but also to extend the life of the well.

Can be distinguished several signs, indicating that it is time to carry out cleaning work:

• the appearance of an unpleasant odor (most often hydrogen sulfide);
• turbidity of water, the presence of suspension, which does not settle for a long time;
• shallowing due to the accumulation of a large amount of quicksand sand;
• ingress of foreign objects into the mine.

Any summer resident will be able to clean the well from bottom sediments, alluvial silt and debris, and without even going down into it.

Causes of pollution

There are many reasons why the water in the well loses its original purity and freshness. Let's single out those that owners face most often:

1. Irregular use- stagnation and silting of water can be observed with rare operation. Most often this happens when no one lives permanently in a country dacha and the hydraulic structure is used only from time to time.
2. Lack of cover- It is necessary to ensure that the well is tightly covered. It should only be opened at the time of use. Otherwise, dust, small debris, branches and leaves from trees will fall into the mine, significantly reducing water quality. The presence of a cover will also protect from direct sunlight, which will significantly reduce the rate of growth and development of algae.
3. Incorrect mounting of the melt water shutter- the shutter is a permanent waterproof layer with a thickness of at least 50 cm, covering the upper casing ring. If the technology was not followed during construction, the top water containing eroded pieces of soil and other debris will penetrate into the tank.
4. Seam damage- over time, cracks can form in the seams of concrete rings, through which groundwater enters the mine. You can correct the situation by draining the tank and sealing the cracks with a mixture of mortar with the addition of liquid glass.
5. Ring offset- most often occurs from the effects of quicksand or freezing of the soil. In the first case, the lower part of the barrel moves, in the second, the upper rings are pushed out. To eliminate damage, the gaps are sealed with cement mortar or the displaced rings are pulled together with pins with thick wire.

Having found the reason why the well is getting dirty, you can determine the required amount of work and choose the most appropriate method of cleaning.

Cleaning methods

Drinking dirty water is not only unpleasant, but also dangerous to health. Therefore, if there is an unpleasant smell or taste, it is urgent to take action.

There are several available methods that allow you to quickly clean a well from concrete rings with your own hands, without even going down into it. With wooden log structures, the situation is a little more complicated, since for cleaning work you will have to go down into the mine and check the integrity of the lower rims.

Submersible pumps

During the construction of the well, the bottom is covered with filter layers of gravel, sand and crushed stone, making an embankment at least 40 cm thick. During operation, the particles of these bulk materials become covered with silt, and the water becomes cloudy. You can deal with the problem yourself with the help of drainage pump, picking it up taking into account the volume and depth of the mine.

The pump is lowered to a depth of 0.5-1.0 m from the bottom. Water is drawn into the pipes through filters and returns under pressure to the well, raising silt deposits from the bottom. Periodically it is necessary to turn off and remove the pump to clean the filters. The procedure is carried out until they remain clean. To verify the effectiveness and evaluate the effect obtained, you can give a water sample for analysis.

With the help of a drainage pump, they not only get rid of bottom silt, but also remove small branches, leaves and other debris. This procedure should be carried out regularly (2-3 times a year), and not only in cases of emergency.

The following video shows how to clean a well with a drain pump:

The accumulation of silt at the bottom leads to a decrease in the water level, which significantly affects its quality. In this case, you can clean the well with fecal (sewer) pump. Unlike drainage, it is more powerful and does not clog with sand. To organize such an event, you need to contact specialists - sewers.

Iron objects that accidentally fell into the well can be tried to get with a strong magnet.

Manual cleaning

If the previous options have not brought the desired result and the water quality is still low, manual cleaning of the walls and bottom is recommended. To do this, you will have to call one or two assistants for insurance, get special equipment and go down into the mine. Experts recommend that, for preventive purposes, manual cleaning and maintenance be performed annually at the end of summer, when the filling of underground sources is minimal.

Manual cleaning includes several stages:

1. Water is gradually pumped out or scooped out in buckets from the well and at the same time the inner surface is cleaned. Contaminants are removed with a scraper and a metal brush without detergents and other chemicals.
2. After removing the bulk of the water, they begin to thoroughly clean the bottom, removing the filtration layers of sand and gravel and replacing them with new ones. Large stones can be thoroughly washed and put back.
3. Then, the seams are strengthened and defects are sealed, which become clearly visible on the cleaned surfaces.

After cleaning and repair work, experts advise treating with disinfectant solutions.

Safety precautions for manual cleaning of the well

Manual cleaning of the well is not only a very laborious undertaking, but also associated with an immediate risk to health. Therefore, we are obliged to talk about safety rules:

• you can't clean the well alone. A person who descends into the trunk must be insured at the top by at least two;
• main worker puts on a strong belt with a reliable cable attached to it. At the first signs of a deterioration in well-being, colleagues are obliged to understand it on the surface;
• stairs down which a man descends into the well, equipped with a special wooden platform for greater stability;
• after pumping water into the well shaft lower a container with a fortified burning candle. The fact is that gases dangerous to humans (for example, hydrogen sulfide) can accumulate at the bottom. If they are, the candle will go out. In this case, you will have to work in a gas mask;
• chemical disinfection of walls should be done by wearing goggles and respirator, to avoid eye damage and poisoning;
• air at a depth of 2 m or more contains much less oxygen than at the surface. Therefore p work in the well shaft cannot be trusted to persons suffering from diseases of the cardiovascular system, arterial hypertension, bronchial asthma and pathologies of the respiratory system;
• all works associated with the presence of a person in a well shaft, must be completed before dusk.

Final disinfection

Disinfection not only guarantees the safety of drinking water, but also improves its taste. The most effective and safest treatment for the walls of the well is the use of potassium permanganate solution(1 tablespoon per bucket of water). Also apply 10% bleach solution(such as the standard "Whiteness"), with which the walls of the structure are first covered, and the remains are evenly distributed along the bottom.

After chlorine treatment, the tank is tightly closed, the lid is wrapped with a tarpaulin and left until the barrel is filled with water to the usual level (this may take from several hours to several days). Then the water is pumped out, diverting it outside the site (it is impossible to water the beds with such a liquid). The procedure with pumping out the filled well must be repeated one or two more times to remove all residual disinfectant reagents. Water from a well that has undergone chemical disinfection can be used for technical purposes only after the final disappearance of the smell of chlorine (it is better to boil it for cooking and washing dishes).

As a result of properly carried out cleaning and disinfection, the water should be clear, devoid of any impurities, unpleasant odors and tastes. For further safe use, experts recommend letting the water stand for several days.

Video

Watch a video that shows the well cleaning procedure in more detail:

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“Frost-resistant” varieties of garden strawberries (more often simply “strawberries”) also need shelter, like ordinary varieties (especially in those regions where there are snowless winters or frosts alternating with thaws). All strawberries have superficial roots. This means that without shelter, they freeze out. Assurances of sellers that strawberries are “frost-resistant”, “winter-hardy”, “tolerate frosts down to -35 ℃”, etc. are a lie. Gardeners should remember that no one has yet been able to change the root system of strawberries.

From varietal tomatoes, you can get "your" seeds for sowing next year (if you really liked the variety). And it is useless to do this with hybrid ones: the seeds will turn out, but they will carry the hereditary material not of the plant from which they were taken, but of its numerous "ancestors".

In Australia, scientists have begun cloning experiments on several cold-weather grape varieties. Climate warming, which is predicted for the next 50 years, will lead to their disappearance. Australian varieties have excellent characteristics for winemaking and are not susceptible to diseases common in Europe and America.

It is believed that some vegetables and fruits (cucumbers, stalk celery, all varieties of cabbage, peppers, apples) have a “negative calorie content”, that is, more calories are expended during digestion than they contain. In fact, only 10-20% of the calories received from food are consumed in the digestive process.

Compost - rotted organic residues of various origins. How to do? Everything is put in a pile, a pit or a large box: kitchen leftovers, tops of garden crops, weeds mowed before flowering, thin twigs. All this is interbedded with phosphorite flour, sometimes straw, earth or peat. (Some summer residents add special composting accelerators.) Cover with foil. In the process of overheating, the pile is periodically stirred or pierced to bring in fresh air. Usually compost "ripens" for 2 years, but with modern additives it can be ready in one summer season.

It is necessary to collect medicinal flowers and inflorescences at the very beginning of the flowering period, when the content of nutrients in them is as high as possible. The flowers are supposed to be torn by hand, breaking off the rough pedicels. Dry the collected flowers and herbs, scattering in a thin layer, in a cool room at natural temperature without access to direct sunlight.

The birthplace of pepper is America, but the main breeding work for the development of sweet varieties was carried out, in particular, by Ferenc Horváth (Hungary) in the 20s. XX century in Europe, mainly in the Balkans. Pepper came to Russia from Bulgaria, which is why it got its usual name - “Bulgarian”.

Convenient applications for Android have been developed to help gardeners and gardeners. First of all, these are sowing (lunar, flower, etc.) calendars, thematic magazines, collections of useful tips. With their help, you can choose a day favorable for planting each type of plant, determine the timing of their maturation and harvest on time.

Both humus and compost are rightfully the basis of organic farming. Their presence in the soil significantly increases the yield and improves the taste of vegetables and fruits. In terms of properties and appearance, they are very similar, but they should not be confused. Humus - rotted manure or bird droppings. Compost - rotted organic residues of various origins (spoiled food from the kitchen, tops, weeds, thin twigs). Humus is considered a better fertilizer, compost is more accessible.

No matter how well the well is built, after a while it will need to be cleaned - the water becomes cloudy and with an unpleasant aftertaste. Knowing how to clean the well with your own hands, you don’t have to worry that the water will become unusable.

When is a well cleaned?

A cloudy color, an unpleasant smell and taste are all signs of contamination of the water in the well. When they appear, the well must immediately be cleaned, and before that, water should be used only for household needs.

Water pollution in a well can often be determined even visually.

Before you start cleaning, you need to find out the causes of cloudy water and the appearance of a smell. It could be:

• depressurization of the seams between the rings. A top water with parts of rock (clay and sand) enters the well and the water becomes cloudy;
• neglect of the well shaft. If you leave it open, then debris and insects will fall into the water. Also, under the influence of sunlight, microorganisms actively develop and the walls of the mine turn green, and with them the water;
• ingress of sewage into the water - the water becomes unpleasant in taste and smell.

In the first two cases, manual cleaning of the well will help. In the third - it is necessary to look for the root cause - sewage, cesspools in the immediate vicinity of the well.

Well design

Before starting work on cleaning the well, it is necessary to study its design and depth. Most often, wells are built using concrete rings, which are lowered as the soil is excavated at the bottom.

Scheme: well device

The rings themselves are fixed together with metal brackets, and the seams are smeared with cement mortar.
A bottom filter is arranged at the bottom of the well - this is a mixture of gravel, coarse sand and crushed stone.
The purpose of cleaning the well is to remove plaque from the walls (concrete rings) and flush the bottom filter (and, if necessary, replace it).

Well cleaning methods

There are two ways to clean a well:

• manually - a rather laborious process, but sometimes you can’t do without it;
• using a drain pump is an easier way, but a powerful pump is required.

In addition, it is necessary to regularly carry out preventive cleaning and disinfection of the well.

Well disinfection

After any type of cleaning, as well as for prevention purposes, it is necessary to disinfect the well. The main methods of disinfection are using a solution of bleach and potassium permanganate.

Disinfection of water in the well can be carried out with potassium permanganate or bleach

If disinfection is carried out with bleach, the following steps must be followed:

• the volume of water in the well is calculated, for this the cross-sectional area is multiplied by the value of the water level to the bottom.
• water is completely pumped out; - preparing a chlorine solution - 20 grams of powder per liter of water;
• the walls of the mine are wiped or sprayed with the resulting solution;
• while the well is filling with water, another solution is being prepared - already in a proportion of 200 mg. for every litre;
• the chlorine solution is poured into the well (without sediment that forms at the bottom), mixed and left for 12 hours. At the same time, the head of the well must be well covered so that chlorine does not evaporate.

After 12 hours, the water from the well is pumped out several times until the smell of chlorine disappears.

Important! After treating the well with bleach, raw water from it cannot be drunk for 2 weeks. After this time, it is better to give it for analysis to a chemical laboratory.

When using potassium permanganate, the principle of action remains the same, but it is enough to pump out the water only twice. This method is rather weak and does not guarantee complete disinfection.

The process of disinfecting the well with a solution of potassium permanganate

Another important point is that it is necessary to foresee in advance where the water from the well will drain. If I drive with potassium permanganate, you can pour it into the garden, and it will even be useful, then this cannot be done with bleach. It is necessary to drain into a cesspool or take the hose away from the site.

Cleaning the well by hand

Do-it-yourself cleaning of the well begins with pumping out water. Of course, you can do this with buckets, but this is a very difficult task that will take a lot of time. It is better to use a powerful pump that will cope with the task in a few minutes.
For cleaning you will need:

• stairs;
• scraper or brush for metal on a long handle;
• sponge;
• buckets;
• "waders.

After the water is pumped out, a ladder is installed in the well shaft and, from top to bottom, the rings are gradually cleaned of plaque with a scraper.

The process of cleaning the well manually

When the surface part is cleaned, you can proceed to cleaning the bottom filter. To do this, gravel, sand and silt are collected from the bottom in buckets and rise up.

Important! Since the bottom of the well is unstable, it is impossible to stay in one place for a long time, so you can get bogged down in the slurry. During work, one person must always be upstairs with insurance.

After cleaning the bottom, a new bottom filter is created - gravel, coarse sand and gravel are poured in layers.
If the seams between the rings are damaged and surface water flows through them, then they must be resealed. This can be done with the same solution of cement and sand that was used in the construction of the well.
At the end of all work, the well is disinfected.
Manual cleaning can be done not only in critical cases, but also for prevention - once every two years.

Cleaning the well with a drainage pump

If you do not want to clean the well manually, you can use a drainage pump. It will allow you to organize circulation, thereby removing contaminated water and forcing clean water.

Cleaning a well with a drainage pump

It is necessary to start work with the selection of a pump of sufficient power. If it is too weak, then it will not work to clean the well. Then you need to do the following:

• the drain pump sinks to the bottom. First you need to build a stand that will not allow it to fall into the silt;
• a pressure hose is lowered into a previously prepared container on the surface. It can be a bath or a barrel of water;
• the drainage pump is turned on, the liquid is pumped out of the well, and the walls of the shaft are washed with water from the tank under pressure.

The procedure can be repeated several times until the water becomes clear. Then the mine is disinfected.

Preventive well cleaning

Preventive cleaning of the well should be carried out annually, at the end of the winter period. Water may not have visible flaws, but, nevertheless, it is better to play it safe and do the work.
It is produced using a solution of potassium permanganate - 1 tablespoon per bucket of water. One bucket will be enough - it is poured into the mine and left for 2-3 hours. After that, the water is completely pumped out 2 times.

Preventive purification of water with a weak solution of potassium permanganate

Such cleaning of the well is recommended after the snow melts and floods. If you hurry, then precipitation and perched water can get into the well water, which will make the work pointless.
Also, cleaning may be required in case of stagnant water. This is typical for dachas where the residence is seasonal. At the beginning of each season, water must be pumped out.

Well Cleaning Precautions

In any embodiment - manual cleaning, or using a pump, safety measures must be observed. This includes:

• cleaning should be carried out by at least three people - two on the surface and one in the mine; - a worker in a mine must be tied with a safety rope and have a helmet;
• if a ladder is used, then it must be installed on a support platform that will not allow it to sink into the sand;
• a worker who is in the mine should not be in one place for a long time, since there may be quicksand or quicksand at the bottom, which will tighten;
• it is impossible to stay at the bottom of the mine for a long time, since there is a lack of oxygen there. At the slightest indisposition of a person in the well, it is necessary to raise him to the surface.

well cleaning insurance