How to sharpen a drill for metal with your own hands - home-made drawings and a tool for sharpening, how to simply and correctly sharpen a tool on a machine. Device for the correct sharpening angle of the drill Homemade sharpening of drills

When working with hard workpieces, the working surface of the drill wears out quickly. A dull drill gets very hot and loses its strength. This is due to the "release" of the metal. The tool needs to be sharpened periodically. However, this does not only apply to drills.

Drills are inexpensive devices. In any case, those models that are used in household. However, buying a new tip every time it becomes dull is wasteful.

There are factory-made sharpeners, but this violates the concept of economical use of home tools.

Wood drills practically do not become dull, except that the tool can be “driven” at high speeds in a resinous workpiece. Pobedite tips and stone are not sharpened. It remains to sharpen the drill for metal. Many experienced locksmiths carry out this procedure, without any devices.

However, the accuracy of the work leaves much to be desired, and not everyone has an eye home master developed so professionally. In any case, minimal mechanization is necessary.

How to make a homemade tool for sharpening drills?

First of all, it is necessary to acquire a means of control. No matter how you sharpen the drill, you need a template to check the accuracy of the work.

Conventional drills for working with ferrous metals have an edge angle of 115-120 degrees. If you have to work with different materials- read the table of angles:

Processed material	sharpening angle
Steel, cast iron, carbide bronze	115-120
Brass alloys, soft bronze	125-135
red copper	125
Aluminum and soft alloys based on it	135
Ceramics, granite	135
Wood of any species	135
Magnesium and alloys based on it	85
Silumin	90-100
Plastic, textolite	90-100

Knowing these values, you can prepare several templates, and in accordance with them, sharpen yourself. In this case, you can use the same drill for different workpieces, you just need to change the angle of the top of the working area.

If we talk about those drills that are used by craftsmen at home, then their cost in stores is low. But even in this case, you should not use them as a consumable for a single use. After all, updating the drill to the best working condition will not be difficult if the master has the skill or special tools.

There are factory machines that are intended for sharpening, but this is a separate expense item, so most often craftsmen create such devices with their own hands.

Drills for metal create the most problems, and wooden blanks do not reduce the sharpness of the cutting edges so quickly.

To make a machine for restoring the sharpness of cutting elements, the necessary means of control (template), which is used to verify the tool.

Usually tools for ferrous metal, carbide bronze, steel or cast iron - with an edge angle of 115-125 degrees. The length of the other material, these parameters are different.

for soft bronze, red copper - 125, for brass alloys - 135;

for aluminum and soft aluminum alloys, granite, ceramics and wood - 135 degrees;

for magnesium and its alloys - 85 degrees;

for plastic, textolite and silumin - from 90 to 100 degrees.

Wizards, if necessary, make templates according to the above data. By the way, theoretically a single copy of the drill can be suitable for all these metals and other materials, if each time you sharpen different working surfaces.

An elementary handicraft fixture that is often used, bushings attached to the base. There are many drawings on the Internet for self-manufacturing. It should be noted that the tool must be well clamped, the accuracy depends on 1 degree.

If desired, you can make a significant size clip using aluminum or copper tubes correlative with the typical characteristics of drills or drill many holes in a soft metal workpiece. It is necessary that the sharpener has a comfortable hand rest to move the device and hold the stop.

This primitive sharpening machine is easy to install on a workbench or table.

Practical example of working with a drawing

The essence of the problem: there are drills, they need to be sharpened.
We will use one of the sharpening methods, close to the factory ones. Too lazy to catch hands. Better monkey way - put it and you're done. It took about 1 hour to make the fixture according to the finished drawing.

A little welding work by template. A corner has been made. Put on the puck, it's just pressed on.

Let's try the first sharpenings, if everything is assembled correctly, we will refine and cultivate, make a quick adaptation.

After sharpening drills and we do a test. Two casting chips are visible, which means that the sharpening was carried out correctly.

The only drawback is that one chip is longer than the other, which means they missed the length of the edges. It is necessary to make an emphasis, which will regulate the length, ensure the symmetry of the edges. To do this, we will make a thrust washer, which will be exposed and machined. Or we cut it so that it becomes possible to process shorter drills.

Picking up correct drawing devices for sharpening drills, you can make home-made full-fledged equipment at home. Thanks to this device, the task of providing the necessary geometric shape tool.

When using it, there is no need to worry not only about the rotation of potentially dangerous whetstones, but also about the sharpening angles that need to be properly maintained, catching every degree by hand.

Features of the use of sharpening homemade devices

In the process of drilling holes in metal products, the drills wear out quite a lot, which leads to their heating and loss of their properties. In order to avoid such a phenomenon, measures are required to ensure the regular restoration of their geometric parameters. This can be done using special equipment for sharpening drilling tools. The creation of such a simple device can be done independently, which will allow high-quality sharpening without any significant financial costs.

Many experienced professionals practically do not use sharpening devices because they are absolutely confident in their experience and the eye that allows them to sharpen drills correctly. But in practice, the use of such devices is extremely necessary, as this allows mechanization of this process. As a result of such work, maximum accuracy and quality of the performed sharpening will be ensured.

The modern market offers different kinds equipment that allows you to qualitatively restore the geometry cutting tools, even in the absence of experience in this matter. At the same time, there is no urgent need to purchase such products, since they can be made by hand according to the existing drawings of devices for sharpening drills.

Drawings of the simplest fixtures

The simplest devices for sharpening can be bushings, inner diameter which corresponds to the transverse dimensions of the drills. The sleeve is rigidly fixed in a reliable base, taking into account a certain angle. When selecting a bushing for such devices, one should pay attention to the correspondence of its inner diameter with the transverse size of the tools being sharpened. It is forbidden for the processed tools to dangle in the sleeve, since even with a deviation of 1-2 degrees along the axis from the required values, the quality and accuracy of sharpening can be significantly reduced.

Such home-made devices for sharpening drills must be equipped with clips. For their manufacture, copper or aluminum tubes are suitable, the inner diameter of which is equal to the typical size of the drilling tool used.

In some cases, the task can be simplified by setting on a given structure wooden block, in which holes are to be drilled, with a diameter corresponding to the tool used. One of essential elements such a product is considered to have a handguard, which is necessary for:

ensuring the correct fixation of the drilling tool and the possibility of precise movement in relation to the surface of the abrasive stone;
creating a stop point for the drill being sharpened.

Such products made of oak bars, in which holes of various sizes are provided, are the most reliable. Thanks to them, high-quality and accurate sharpening of tools is performed. The main task that must be solved by a homemade machine or similar device is the correct orientation of the cutting part of the processed tools in order to obtain the accuracy of the required sharpening angle.

For the manufacture of homemade machine for sharpening drills, a number of different design variations of such equipment can be used. If you have the appropriate drawings and understand the principle of operation of this equipment, you can make grinding equipment yourself at home.

The design consists of the following elements:

Promoport site

Attachment for drill and stop screw

Bolts, nuts, pins, screws

Exist important rules, which must be observed during the operation of such a device, namely, the tool being sharpened should not rotate around its axis. In the event of even a slight turn, the sharpening must be carried out again.

The sharpened tool must be cooled natural way. After that, you should check its restored geometric parameters. You can use a template for this. It should be borne in mind that each cutting edge of the drill may differ from each other by no more than a tenth of a mm. Wherein, Special attention it is worth paying attention to this parameter if the drills have a small diameter.

Video "Device for sharpening drills according to the drawing"

Drawing of a complete fixture

A fairly simple way to make homemade grinding equipment, which is practically no different from a factory product. It takes about 1.5-2 hours to assemble it according to ready-made drawings.

To make do-it-yourself devices for sharpening drills, it is necessary to provide for the following Supplies, equipment and tools:

welding machine;
electric drill;
grinders;
standard locksmith tool kit;
corner, the size of the shelves of which is 30x30, and its length is 100-150 mm;
metal plates having different thicknesses (3-5 mm);
hairpins or a piece of steel rods, the diameter of which is 10-12 mm;
washers, screws, bolts and nuts of various sizes.

First of all, the manufacture of the frame is carried out, which will be the base in the grinding device. For this, a steel plate is used, on which it is welded steel bar(12 mm in diameter) at an angle of 75 degrees. It will be the axis.

After that, a washer should be put on the welded rod, which will be a thrust bearing. The angle, rotation of the bed when sharpening the drill will be insignificant, so there is no reason to use a standard ball bearing.

The bed where the sharpened tool will be placed is made from a prepared corner. One side on the corner profile that faces the side of the grindstone needs to be ground off at a 60 degree angle. On the bed, according to the drawing, a bracket is welded, through which the device's rotary assembly will be fixed. As a result of this, a structure will be made, the corners of which, in the case of a parallel position of the bed and bed, must be located to the surface of the abrasive stone in accordance with the angle of the drill being sharpened.

At grinding machine, which is shown in the drawing, fixed angles of inclination are provided, but for greater opportunities it is desirable to provide the possibility of adjusting the angles. In such cases, there will be a better chance of using the device if necessary to restore the tools, with different angles sharpening, for example, if you need to sharpen drills for metal, concrete, etc.

To create a more functional assembly, you can use the drawings of other structures that have the ability to adjust the angles:

Video "Device made according to the drawing"

Drills must be of high quality and well sharpened in work professional master. IN old days drill bits were sharpened by hand.

To date, special devices for sharpening drills have appeared, and their design is very simple.

What is sharpening for?

If the drill is blunt, then it is very difficult, and sometimes impossible, for them to drill through the surface. It is also worth noting that for different types drill surfaces must have a certain sharpening angle, for example, for a plastic surface, the angle will be 30 degrees, for hardened steel, this angle will be 130 degrees.

In cases where a perfectly drilled hole is not required, the sharpening angle can be 90 degrees.

How to properly sharpen a drill

You can sharpen the drill with your own hands using abrasive discs. During sharpening, the drill must be held by the work surface. Hold the tail of the drill with the other hand.

From the side, the drill must be pressed against the abrasive disc. Then it is desirable to turn it with utmost care, as a result, the cutting edge will take the required angle and structure.

Drill sharpening must be done on each side separately. It is also necessary to ensure that the tip of the drill is located exactly in the center at the time of sharpening the cutting part. This must be done correctly, as an error in sharpening can cause the drill to mow sideways.

Do-it-yourself drill sharpening is not the best good way, since it is capable of carrying a number of inaccuracies, for example, cutting edges may not be correct with respect to the tool axis.

Sharpening device

The device is designed for sharpening blind or through drills, which are made of cast iron and steel. Such a device is made taking into account the types of sharpening, as well as its size. It is easy to change the angle of sharpening on the machine.

There are two types of devices that will help sharpen a drill: a household and an industrial machine. In the first case, the sharpening device takes up little space and fits perfectly for working in the home, but such a machine can only sharpen small drills.

Industrial machines have great power, which are made in order to sharpen drills with a large diameter. The industrial machine has a clamp and a circle for sharpening.

With this device, the sharpening of the drill takes place under the supervision of the operator, who easily controls the process. Such devices are designed for long-term operation.

How to make a machine for sharpening drills with your own hands

We will need the following materials: abrasive disc, switch, motor with good power, stand, wires, axle and plug. Also, for the safe use of the machine, it must have a housing, outside of which it is necessary to put an axis with an abrasive wheel for work.

First you need to decide on the installation location of the machine, as it will be connected to a power outlet.

Also, our device should be placed on a table, preferably made of metal, where you will need to put the engine, and place marks for making holes for the bolts.

An abrasive disk is put on the motor shaft. To fix it on the shaft, you must first put on the washer, then the disk and again the washer. After that, install the mounting nut on the pre-prepared thread on the shaft.

As a motor for our device, an engine from washing machine. The power of its motor will be sufficient for the process of sharpening drills. Wires can also be taken from improvised equipment.

Note!

You need to connect the wires to the starter, which should be with three open contacts. The winding must be able to connect phase lines using two starters connected in series.

The off button must be connected to NC, and the start button will be connected to HP, it must also be in parallel connection with two NO contacts of the starter.

When the power button is pressed, voltage will be applied to the winding, as a result, the circuits should close. When the button is released, the voltage supplied to the starter should not be removed. When disconnected, the engine should stop.

The engine itself is a safe device, but to protect its mechanisms from dust, it is necessary to make a frame that will protect it from environmental influences.

To make it, you can use metal box or do protective screen from glass. It is also worth installing a casing that covers the end of the disk by a third. It will protect the worker in case the abrasive disc cracks.

DIY drill sharpening photo

Note!

One of the main parameters of a twist drill is the point angle, which for strong metals (steel, cast iron, hard bronze, titanium, etc.) is approximately 120 degrees.
The deviation of this angle up or down from nominal value makes it difficult efficient work drill. In the first case, productivity drops and the tool overheats, in the second, the drill can simply break, unable to withstand the excessive load.
In order to comply with the sharpening parameters without special devices, it is necessary to be highly qualified and experienced as a tool sharpener. Well, for a non-specialist, especially in living conditions, it would be almost impossible to do so.
But with some tools and simple materials, you can make a not very complicated, but reliable device for sharpening the angle at the top of a twist drill for hard metal.

What you may need to work on the device

This will require the following tools:

calipers;
marker;
vice for metal;
Bulgarian;
pliers;
welding machine;
grinding machine with an emery wheel.

Of the materials for work, you must have at hand:

a regular hex nut;
castellated nut;
a bolt of the same size and thread as the nuts;
twist drill requiring sharpening.

Manufacturing process

A feature of a hex nut is that any two adjacent faces of it converge at an angle of 120 degrees. Approximately the same size angle at the top of a twist drill for working on hard metals. This random match can be used to make a twist drill sharpener.

To do this, with the help of a caliper and a marker on the nut, we outline the cut lines to get a triangular slot, symmetrical with respect to the diagonal connecting the two opposite angles nuts. The drill will be longitudinally laid in it before the sharpening process.

To cut out the intended triangular groove in the nut, it is clamped in a vise and the grinder makes cuts along pre-drawn lines. You can use pliers to remove the sawn off pieces of the nut.

Next, a castellated nut is taken and its base is welded to the first nut from the side of the cut groove. Moreover, it is necessary to observe their absolute alignment, because when small-diameter drills are sharpened, the bolt, having passed through the castellated nut, will begin to be screwed into the lower nut in order to firmly clamp the drill in its groove.

Now we screw the corresponding bolt into the slotted nut, which will securely press the drill, which is laid in the groove for sharpening on the emery of the grinding machine.

It remains only to sharpen the drill on an emery wheel, using the edges of the lower nut as a template.

To do this, we simply grind the protruding part of the drill flush with the edges of the nut, which even a first-year vocational school student can easily cope with.

After sharpening is completed, the bolt is loosened, the drill is removed from homemade device and can be used as intended.

Additions and improvements

In the process of welding nuts, splashes of liquid metal can get on the threads of slotted and ordinary nuts. To eliminate this trouble, it is necessary to screw a bolt into them and, thereby, protect the thread.
Since one fixture will not be able to cover all the drills in diameter, at least two template clamps will be required: one for small drills, the other for large products. Accordingly, in the first case, the nuts will be small in size, and in the second - large.