SOUND METHOD OF TEACHING READING

The sound method is almost 150 years old. But, unfortunately, recently it has not been so popular (or rather, not fashionable). New advanced techniques - "warehouses", reading whole words, etc. - won the hearts of parents and teachers. The sound method began to be considered obsolete. But in vain! It turns out that it is the sound method that most harmoniously combines with the peculiarities of the organization of our psyche and the structure of the Russian language.

How do we read

Recent studies have confirmed that people even silently read words by letter, that is, they mentally pronounce the letters before understanding what the word is in front of them. But due to the fact that this process occurs instantly, it seems that we perceive the word as a whole. Proponents of the theory of perception of the text as a whole do not agree with such a statement. They believed and still believe that when we read, we perceive words as a holistic image, without dividing into parts (letters), so they build their training precisely on memorizing a word as a holistic image. But recent research has shown that silently reading uses the same part of the brain as reading aloud, when we pronounce individual letters quickly and smoothly. This means that a person is forced to isolate letters and put them into words, although this operation takes a fraction of a second.

We speak and read Russian

In some languages, the relationship between letters and sounds is very complex. For example, in English, many words are read completely differently than they are written. The British even have a saying: "Write Liverpool - read Manchester." The reading rules depend on whether the syllable is closed or open, on the order of the letters and on their combinations with each other, and sometimes they do not depend on anything, you just need to learn how the word is read. That is why in English-speaking countries, methods of teaching reading are popular, in which they simply memorize the whole image of the word.

In Russian, everything is much simpler. Most words are read the way they are written. The exception is cases of the so-called "laziness" of the language, when the historical appearance of the word is changed by the modern pronunciation ("malako" instead of "milk", "sun" instead of "sun", etc.). But even if we read the word as it is written, it will not be a mistake and will not change the meaning of the word itself. Therefore: the sound method agrees very well with the structure of the Russian language.

Stages of mastering reading (sound method):

Introduction to sounds and letters.

Merging sounds into syllables.

Building words from syllables.

Reading words and sentences.

At the first stage, the child learns to hear and distinguish different sounds in words. He learns that sounds are hard and soft, vowels and consonants, deaf and voiced, and that each sound has its own designation - a letter.

Then comes another stage - the child learns to put sounds into syllables. For example, “m” and “a” form MA, “p” and “o” - PO, etc. First, simple syllables are mastered, consisting of two sounds, then complex ones: they consist of three or four letters, a soft and hard sign appears in them, several consonants or vowels go in a row.

And finally, when the child has mastered and mastered the principle of reading syllables, he begins to put syllables into words. Words, at first short, gradually “grow here”, and very soon the child moves from reading words to reading sentences and short stories.

And it turns out that the baby already knows how to read!

Advantages of the sound method:

Slowly but surely

Easy at school

A child who begins learning to read by learning sounds will have no difficulty in school. Neither phonemic analysis, nor the division of words into syllables during hyphenation, nor the selection of vowels and consonants will present difficulties for him.

Literacy

As mentioned above, the sound method is most suitable for the structure of the Russian language. Babies quickly learn to write correctly, easily navigate the rules, intuitively feel the language.

Easy for parents

This is perhaps the only method that does not require a large preparatory work. As you have already noticed, you will need to cut out the alphabet from cardboard (or buy a cash register of letters) and prepare word plates. And for most of the exercises, you only need a pen and a piece of paper. Simple and convenient. And yes, you can do it anywhere. The kid will play with pleasure word games and at home, and in the country, and on the train, and in a long queue at the clinic.

Improving pronunciation

The sound method is often called speech therapy. After all, children learn not only to read, but also to hear sounds, pronounce them correctly and clearly. One of undoubted merits method is that it develops phonemic hearing and fights pronunciation defects.

Cons of the sound method:

Reading in syllables

A toddler who has been taught in this way will not begin to read at once in whole words and sentences. The path from sound to syllable and word is quite difficult and long. The child will read words syllable by syllable for a long time, rather slowly, with errors. This is especially true for words with a hard, soft sign, complex syllables consisting of three or four letters. And even simple in composition, but long words, the baby will read with difficulty.

We read and do not understand

Since reading, connecting syllables into a word requires effort, at first the baby will read the word, but not understand its meaning. Therefore, be sure to ask to say the whole word, ask what it means, ask to retell the text.

Starting at four years old

It's hard to say if this is a plus or a minus. But now, when parents want to teach their children to read almost from the cradle, we rank this requirement of the method as a minus. The material of the sound method is quite complicated, although the exercises resemble the form of a game, they require efforts from the child. Therefore, it is pointless to start before three and a half years. So, the kid will learn to read fluently no earlier than five years.

METHOD OF TEACHING READING BY N. ZAYTSEV'S CUBES AND TABLES

After observing the children, how they comprehend the letter, Nikolai Zaitsev came to the following conclusions. To learn to read, it is not necessary to know the names of the letters.

A common phenomenon: mother bought the alphabet, the child learned the letters, but cannot read. His words don't stick.

“The alphabet is harmful,” says Nikolai Aleksandrovich. In the alphabet, a picture is given for each letter: “A” is a stork, “B” is a hippopotamus, etc. The kid will remember both the letter and the picture, but how then to explain to him that h ebra - but ist - I sap - c the blobs flashing in his mind should form the word " Hare". And even if the child did not learn letters according to the alphabet, which makes it difficult to remember the names of the letters, it is still difficult for him to immediately realize that “B” and “A” turn into the syllable BA. That is why teachers are forced to go to different tricks to show how two letters merge into a syllable.

In Russian, a syllable can contain from 1 to 10 letters. If you meet in the text such a surname as Pfeldrt or Mkrtchyan, you will not read it right away, but there is only one syllable. Of course, the baby does not need to read such complex words, but even a simple one-syllable word “splash” will cause certain difficulties for a child reading in syllables.

An alternative to syllables - warehouses

The basic unit of language for Zaitsev is not a sound, letter or syllable, but warehouse. Warehouse is a pair of a consonant and a vowel, or a consonant and a hard or soft sign, or even one letter. For example, SO-BA-KA, PA-RO-VO-3, A-I-S-T, etc. The warehouse principle of reading is the basis of the Zaitsev method of teaching children to read.

Why warehouse?

“Everything we pronounce is combinations of a vowel-consonant pair,” Nikolai Alexandrovich explains. A consonant must be followed by a vowel. It may not be indicated on the letter, but it is there. Our ancestors felt this and put “yat” at the end of nouns ending in a consonant. Say, for example, the word: “o-a-zis”, holding your hand on your throat, and you will feel the force of the ligaments before “o” and before “a”, or, according to Zaitsev’s terminology, “the muscular effort of the speech apparatus”. This very effort is the warehouse.

Warehouses on cubes

The baby sees warehouses not in a book, not on cards, but on cubes. This is the fundamental point of the Zaitsev system.

Why cubes?

Reading requires the work of analytical thinking (letters are abstract icons; the brain converts them into sounds from which it synthesizes words), which begins to form only by school. That is why we and our parents at this age began to learn to read.

The lack of analytical thinking is compensated by the child's heightened perception of the signals that the sense organs supply to him. Therefore, Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev made a bet on vision, hearing and tactile sensations. He wrote warehouses on the faces of the cubes. He made the cubes different in color, size and sound that they emit, so each time they are accessed, different channels of perception are turned on. This helps children to feel, rather than understand, the difference between vowels and consonants, voiced and soft.

What are the cubes

There are 52 cubes in the Zaitsev Cubes set (seven of them are repeated to build the words PA-PA, MA-MA, VO-VA, BA-BU-SH-KA, DYA-DYA, TE-TYA, KO-SH-KA and the like, which are closest to the child, especially at first). Cubes are divided into large and small, single and double, golden, iron-gold, wood-gold. There is one white cube with punctuation marks. Also, the cubes differ in color.

Large- These are cubes with solid warehouses.

small- cubes with soft warehouses.

However, Nikolai Alexandrovich strongly disagrees with the definition of “soft-hard”: what is hard and soft here? But there is a big one and a small one! Compare how your mouth opens when you say BA or BYA.

Large and small cubes come in different colors and with different fillings.

Double- these are cubes glued together, with consonants that are combined - "friends" - not with all vowels. For example, F (F) - ZHA-ZHO (SAME) - ZHU-ZHI-ZHE. Options such as “zhy”, “shy”, “chya”, “schya” are simply excluded.

Iron - cubes with voiced warehouses.

wooden cubes- with a muffled warehouse.

Golden- cubes with vowels.

Iron-wood- used for warehouses with solid signs.

Wooden gold- for warehouses with soft signs.

white cube used to indicate punctuation marks.

The letters on the cubes are written different color: vowels - blue; consonants - blue; hard and soft sign- green.

For example, in the warehouse MA "m" of blue color, "a" in blue, in stock MB "m" blue color, "b" - green. Many teachers and parents are embarrassed by this coloring, because the school adopted a completely different one: consonants are blue or green, vowels are red. So, the baby will have to be retrained. However, the author of the method claims that the avoidance of red-blue-green combinations makes it possible to avoid the color “tornness” of words, and therefore children immediately begin to read fluently, without hesitation.

Advantages of the N. Zaitsev system:

Read fast, read fluently

The undoubted advantage of this technique is that the child immediately remembers the warehouse, the combination of letters in a playful way. He does not need to puzzle over how to read the B and A standing next to each other. The kid does not stumble and quickly masters reading.

We write competently

On Zaitsev's cubes there are only those combinations of letters that are fundamentally possible in the Russian language. So, for example, in his system there are no combinations or ZhY. Studying with Zaitsev’s allowances, the child will be immediately and for the rest of his life insured against the most stupid mistakes (for example, he will never write “zhyraf” or “shyn” incorrectly).

The system is not tied to age

Zaitsev's cubes allow you to teach a child to read even from the age of one. But even a five-year-old is not too late to start. The system is not tied to a certain age.

"Ambulance" for a non-reading child

If the child does not keep up with the pace of modern school programs, the Zaitsev system can become a kind of "ambulance". It is built in such a way that it is easy to understand and easy to work with. Moreover, the author himself claims that, for example, a four-year-old will start reading for several lessons.

Children learn through play

Ideally, cubes and tables should become a part of life, and the classes themselves should become invisible. Let each of them last only a few minutes - the result will not keep you waiting! And time is saved at the same time - after all, everything happens as if in between times.

Maintain health and develop sense organs

Zaitsev's cubes affect many sense organs.

Their color is bright, subtly and precisely matched, does not irritate the eye, the text is large and visible from afar, the manuals are located in different places premises, which means that during the game the eye muscles are trained.

The cubes make sounds of different timbres and pitches, and a parent or teacher will “voice” the cubes many times. This develops an ear for music, a sense of rhythm, and musical memory.

Often being in the hands of children, cubes of different sizes will affect the fine motor skills of the hands, which in itself has the strongest effect on the development of intelligence.

If the aids are correctly placed, along the walls throughout the room and above eye level, you can forever forget about the potential threat of scoliosis, physical inactivity and didactic congestion as a result of classes.

Cons of N. Zaitsev's system:

Relearning at school

But, as is often the case, a plus in some cases becomes a minus.

We said that the baby immediately learns warehouses and this speeds up the process of mastering reading. But to understand how one letter connects, merges with another, means to make some kind of discovery. Zaitsev deprives the child of the opportunity to come to this discovery himself, immediately offering a ready-made warehouse. What does this lead to? Speech therapists and speech pathologists say that children who have learned to read “according to Zaitsev” often “swallow” the endings, cannot figure out the composition of the word (after all, they are used to dividing it exclusively into warehouses and nothing else).

Children have to be retrained already in the first grade, when they begin to undergo phonemic analysis of the word. First, the teacher asks to lay out the word on the cards: the vowel sound is a red card, the voiced consonant is blue, the voiceless consonant is green. In Zaitsev's technique, sounds are marked with completely different colors. The child may make mistakes in sound parsing.

Method inconsistency

On the cubes there is no combination of ZhY or SHI. This is good, the child will write correctly. But then there are combinations of the consonant with the vowel E (BE, VE, GE, etc.). This means that the child gets used to this combination as possible in the language. Meanwhile, this combination is possible only in very few exceptions. In Russian, there are almost no words in which the letter E is written after a consonant (except for “sir”, “mayor”, “peer”, “ude”, “plein air”, and the last word in the modern press is also written through E ). This means that every word in which “e” is heard after a solid consonant and E is written, we will have to explain separately, stopping the child’s attempts to write E, and there are a lot of such words, for example, “coupe”, “tennis”, "highway", etc.

Expensive and time-consuming benefits

Another important aspect. Not every family can afford Zaitsev's benefits. Moreover, you are unlikely to be able to reduce the cost of training, even if you make cubes yourself. You still have to spend money on color printing, cardboard, paper, etc.

Benefits need to be glued together, it will take more than one evening. And finally, the cubes need to be stored somewhere. And in case of damage to benefits, which is inevitable if he plays with a cardboard cube Small child, restore them.

LEARNING TO READ BY GLEN DOMAN'S CARDS

Doman believed that letters are abstract concepts, and the ability to abstract thinking develops in a child only by school age. Therefore, young children can and should learn to read words and sentences at once.

“Reading letters is very difficult, because no one has ever eaten, caught, carried or opened A. But everyone ate a banana, caught a ball, wore a hat and opened a book. The letters that make up the word "ball" are abstract, but the ball itself is quite concrete, so it's easier to learn the word "ball" than the letter M.

Advantages of the Glenn Doman technique:

Quick start, easy start

Certainly this is the most the right way teach to read very small child. Moreover, the baby will not guess that you are conducting serious classes. All training will be a game for him, an opportunity to communicate with his mother, to learn something new and interesting.

Your child will learn to withstand heavy loads without serious losses, will be ready for the demands and rhythm of modern life.

The baby will develop a phenomenal memory. He will easily memorize and analyze a huge amount of information.

Thanks to the training according to the Doman method, encyclopedic knowledge is acquired. Having matured a little, your kid will jokingly answer the questions of the game “What? Where? When?".

Cons of the Glenn Doman technique:

Sticking cards day and night

Of course, parents are afraid of the excessive labor intensity of the process. Just imagine how many cards you will have to draw, cut out. And then show them to your child. There will be no time left for food, sleep and unhurried walks in the park.

True, this is a minus of the technique in our time, we can easily overcome it. Now manufacturers are producing ready-made sets of cards, specially adapted for mastering reading using the Doman method. Also, a set of cards can be obtained from the mother of an already reading child prodigy. Take a look at the parent forum on the Internet, and you are sure to come across offers to pick up or buy a set of cards.

Methodological gaps

The technique has shortcomings and a purely methodical nature. So, in Doman's books you will not find answers to the following questions:

What to do if the child does not have time to memorize the words, and the parent does not have time to cut out the cards, because each kid still has his own pace of mastering the material, and each parent has his own pace of making cards?

Is it possible to return to already completed cards without adding new text, because if the child is very small, in a month he will forget the cards you have removed?

How to organize your day, based on all the necessary recommendations of the author of the method, when and how to play with a child learning by this method?

Is it possible to give cards to a child in his hands, because kids love to touch, crush and tear everything they see so much? If possible, how and when?

But what to do if the child does not react to the cards at all? (Among parental inventions, we found, for example, the following: ring a bell behind the card in order to somehow attract the attention of the child?) You will have to answer these questions yourself, based on the experience of classes and the characteristics of your child .

Toddlers read ... only cards

Many parents enthusiastically began to teach their child to read. Soon the first positive results appear: the child began to recognize the words written on the cards. But immediately the enthusiastic parent suffers the first disappointment: if the same word was written to the baby with a pencil on paper or shown in a book, he did not want to recognize in it what, it seems, he already knew how to do well. read from the card.

Alas, the peculiarity of children's thinking is such that in the early stages the baby is not able to transfer one specific image to all such images. After all, these are already the beginnings of analytical thinking, but it is not developed in a child. So the cat is your specific Murka cat, and not the cat in the book and not soft toy. But, in fairness, it should be noted that the baby sooner or later copes with this problem. So the parent just needs to be patient.

Problems at school

Many teachers note that a child who has learned to read according to Doman cannot then cope with school curriculum, he often has problems with literacy.

The fact is that in order to master the Russian language, you need to be able to break words into syllables, highlight parts of a word (root, prefix, suffix, ending). It is on this that the laws of spelling are based. The child, on the other hand, is used to perceiving words as a whole, he does not see the parts of which it consists, has no idea about sounds, vowels and consonants, etc. This does not mean that Doman was wrong, just his technique was made under the English language, where, having remembered once the image of the word, the child will continue to write it correctly.

Turning negatives into positives

Maybe it will seem to someone that Glenn Doman's methodology more cons than pluses. Let's not forget that Doman designed his method, firstly, for children with developmental disabilities, and secondly, for native speakers of another language, which is very different in its grammar from Russian. Maybe that's why some parents have failed in using it to teach their children to read. But not all!

Parental creativity can overcome almost all the shortcomings of the methodology. A parent is not a machine that blindly follows the methodology, but a creator who always takes into account the interests and characteristics of his own child. Therefore, when there is a desire to practice, all difficulties can be overcome.

Source: Kirillova L. Encyclopedia of methods for teaching reading (Letters, syllables, cubes ...). - M., 2008.

The main thing is that the book is good, no matter how many parts it consists of.

It depends on what genre we are talking about: if you want to read romantic books, then writers. And if the book is about the war, then writers.

3. Buy only in a bookstore or in an online store?

Only in the bookstore, because. In addition to the content of the book, the buyer should also pay attention to other factors: font, format, cover, (for true book lovers also the smell) of books.

4. So that all books become films or series?

Most books should remain books.

6. Be a professional critic or writer?

Writer, because The writer creates himself, and the critic examines what has already been created.

7. Constantly re-read your 20 favorite books or always read new ones?

I choose both options, because. usually you want to learn something new. But if you need old memories related to your favorite books to come flooding back, then sometimes you should reread them.

8. Be a librarian or bookseller?

Definitely a librarian, not a seller, because. I feel sorry for parting with books, knowing that they will no longer return to me.

All genres, because these are new sensations, events and thoughts, but you should also not abandon your favorite genre.

Move from one to another depending on the situation.

This does not exist, because. I usually don't judge a book by its cover.

2. Do you prefer reading during the day or at night?

During the day, but sometimes when I go into book binges, I can do it at night (the misfortune of most book lovers).

3. Do you cry while reading?

4. If you could adopt a pet from any book, who would you choose?

Someone from the Potter.

5. What section of the bookstore do you visit first?

Section of the classics of world literature.

6. Is there a movie you prefer to the book? If so, which one?

Haven't met yet.

7. Are the books on your shelves sorted?

I need silence, because noise, especially loud, is distracting and I can hardly understand the essence of what I read.

9. Do you prefer children's, teen or adult books?

Mostly adults, but sometimes I can read a teenager.

10. What book can you call the book of your childhood?

Harry Potter book series.

1.Where do you usually read?

At home, because outside environment is distracting.

2. Bookmark or just a piece of paper?

Bookmark, carefully stored for several years.

3. Can you just stop while reading or do you have to make sure you read to the end?

4. Do you eat or drink while reading?

Only sweets and tea.

5. TV or music while reading?

Not at all. When I read, I must be completely immersed in reading.

6. One book or several at once?

One at a time, otherwise it will turn out something like this: Harry Potter, a prisoner of If Castle, must deliver the Ring of Omnipotence to Narnia and participate in the Hunger Games.

7. Do you always read at home or somewhere else?

At home, because, as mentioned earlier, I am distracted by extraneous surroundings.

To myself, because it's faster and more efficient.

9. Do you skip pages while reading?

In no case.

10. Do you read books carefully?

11. Do you write in books?

No, I do not accept this attitude towards the book.

Learn English by adapted books: advantages and disadvantages

Literature lovers often make a serious mistake - they start learning English from fiction books. But soon they “give back”, as a mass of new words and constructions falls upon them, which the brain is not able to “digest”. Usually reading with a dictionary ends already on the 10-20th page of the printed edition. But everything would be much easier if beginners and advanced with an average level of knowledge would first start reading adapted works.

What are the pros and cons of reading adapted books?

As we have already said, reading adapted texts allows you to learn frequently used words and phrases. in English. After all, adaptations are essentially the same works of art, but written in a simpler and more ordinary language. This means that you do not have to wade through the jungle of unfamiliar words. Everything adapted books in english divided into levels, so new vocabulary and grammatical constructions will appear in the texts gradually, without shocking English learners with their number.

Many experts advise beginners to start by reading children's fairy tales, but does that make sense? Indeed, in such literature there are often words from fairy world that are not used in everyday speech. For example, will you need such words as "bowler hat", "potion", "fairy" in everyday communication?

For many English learners, self-esteem drops after reading a few pages of a work in the original. But when working with adaptation books, the motivation to learn English increases. After all, with each regular lesson, you will know the meaning of everything. more words).

How to choose the right reader for reading?

All adapted books are divided into levels for the convenience of students. And experts believe that depending on the level, it is worth choosing such literature. We are of a slightly different opinion.

Another situation: imagine a person who studied English some time ago (for example, at school). Most likely, he remembers the basic words of one and two syllables, but in the grammar, while the person has not studied, gaps may form. Accordingly, having opened an adapted book, he understands that most of the words are familiar to him, and therefore closes this book and opens another - more high level. As a result, he replenishes the vocabulary, but the person did not bother to repeat the simplest grammatical constructions, degrees of comparison of adjectives and grammatical tenses of the English language. Of course, it is worth repeating the forgotten rules with the help of classic textbooks, but it is advisable to consolidate their use in the process of reading if you study English on your own. After all, when learning a language with a tutor, the teacher controls the correctness of the written translations on a particular grammatical topic, corrects the student's mistakes. If you are doing it yourself, then without knowledge grammar topic self-control will not bring significant results.

So, in order to choose the right reader, you need to start reading the first adapted book that caught your eye. As you read, pay attention to two things:

• the number of unfamiliar words on the page (it is best to choose an adapted book for reading with 15-20% of unknown lexical units);
• the number of unfamiliar grammatical structures. If their number is equal to or more than 5% - this is a signal that you need to repeat their use from the textbook, and then consolidate in practice (in the process of reading this adapted book).

Which publisher to choose?

Tips for working with adapted holdings.

If you are new to English and know only a few words, then read 1-2 paragraphs. Write down words you don't know and be sure to listen to them about wearing them. If you already know English well, you can read the book page by page, sorting out incomprehensible moments and writing out words.

After reading the chapters of the book, do not forget to complete tasks for self-control. It is advisable to both write down your answers and pronounce them. With this method, you will develop not only writing skills, but also speaking.

If the book is accompanied by an audio version of the presentation, be sure to listen to it as you read the English adapted book.

Important point: The last thing we would recommend to learners (regardless of the level of knowledge of the English language) is to translate each unfamiliar word and memorize it. Look at the meanings and learn only those words, without which the whole meaning of the context is lost.

And now we offer a small selection of adapted books by levels:

Some educators consider the adapted books to be "meager, lifeless sheets," but we think that their scarcity is exaggerated. Yes, they do not have such rich speech patterns, metaphors and specific idioms. But this is their advantage! After all, people with zero or Elementary levels it is difficult to feel the beauty of the language of the book. They get confused in the meaning of words, and sometimes they cannot understand the context at all.

Sometimes you want to think categorically. No halftones, only black and white keys. Without sharps and flats. Only black and white. For me, there are people who read and those who don't. But the word "read" has a special meaning for me.

Once upon a time, when there were no computers and the Internet, the only sources of communication with outside world there were newspapers, a television with two channels, a radio hanging on the wall in every house, and books. For whom and what exactly was in the first place, is not so important. We are all different people, we have different habits and tastes.

Everything was unimportant to me except books. Where I just didn’t read these books: at the lessons at school I managed to read thick books, hid a book and a flashlight from my parents under the covers, during home dinner The book was always in front of my eyes. And at that time, a program sounded on the radio, in which they also read works of art, and sometimes, looking up from reading, she listened to a voice coming from the speakers, telling about amazing events and adventures of heroes from books that could not be bought anywhere.

I know that you guessed and you are absolutely right - this happened in the last century. Books in those days were in great short supply, and what could be begged in the library or from girlfriends was read in one gulp. And then a new dose was needed.

This can also be called a kind of addiction. It is this “dependence” that we will talk about today. Why do people read?

Are there any benefits to reading books?

Probably, each for himself in a different way can answer the question, why does he read? For some, this is a pleasure, for some a book is a source of knowledge, someone reads to pass the time, for example, on the road. Today, paper books have been squeezed out the latest technology- eBooks. But the essence of this does not change. Books are still read, and people continue to be born who read from the cradle and those who do not read. Strange, but the fact remains. It often happens that children grow up in the same family with completely different attitudes towards reading. Do you think the love of reading should be considered a talent or a special gift?

They say a lot that the love of reading can and should be instilled with early childhood. That by their example, reading parents will be able to arouse their child's interest in books. I have no degrees to discuss this topic, but I doubt very much that such actions will guarantee that the child loves to read. I admit only isolated cases. Even if you consider the fact that habits are developed in 21 days.

What benefit does a person get from such a useful habit as reading?

1. In the first place, I would put the development of a clear and precise thinking and imagination. Thinking about what you read and reflecting, thinking out a continuation for the author and coming up with your own ending is a very exciting experience. We are learning to read between the lines.

2. Reading books makes a person literate. By rereading tons of well-formed sentences and correctly spelled words, we learn to write correctly and without errors. Reading aloud is especially helpful. Today, this skill is becoming rare.

4. Good books make a person smarter. Such people are called well-read. Books broaden our horizons. We can keep the conversation going different topics or be competent and better versed in one thing. They will no longer be able to call us a person who cannot even connect two words.

5. Books develop memory. If you love poetry, then you know many of them by heart. By memorizing and remembering, we can apply the acquired skills in our other activities and activities.

6. Books teach empathy. Being alone with the heroes of the novel, we become one with them and experience a whole range of feelings and emotions when reading. Reading books gives rise to our emotions.

7. If the book is well designed, if it has beautiful graphics and pictures, all this contributes to the formation of the right aesthetic taste.

8. When we read aloud, we develop and improve our diction. which is very useful for public speaking. beautiful speech is always an advantage.

9. Reading books with a pencil in hand helps to learn to highlight the main and important, because it's no secret that when we write something down, we improve our mechanical memory and information is remembered much better.

10. Reading books, we develop our own system of perception of information through books. We have our own method of reading, with the help of which we better assimilate information.

Not everyone has forgotten that Russia was considered the most reading nation. Those days are gone, but most people still feel the need to find, buy and read a good book.

And although the Internet is considered a place where you can find everything for free, download and read absolutely everything that interests you - you can’t find everything for free. Many authors assert their copyright in their works, and do exactly the right thing by suggesting that we buy a book in a store. And the speed of reading a "paper" book is higher than an electronic one. Again, there are no fields in the e-book where you can express your thoughts and make the necessary notes. That in itself is an important skill.

However, there are many different opinions on this matter, which is better electronic or paper version of the book. But we will not argue. Since today each of us chooses the option that suits him best.

But assistants in choosing books today are online stores that offer us not only to buy a book, but also to acquaint us with the review in advance and allow us to flip through and read a few pages. All this, as well as feedback from those who have already read these books before, allows us to make right choice and make a decision: to buy or not to buy this book.

One of the first online stores that provides huge selection literature, became OZON. RU. More than 600,000 visitors visit the company's website daily. Today you can buy almost everything on the site. But for my readers, I have made available a selection of good business literature on topics related to the topic of the blog - personal effectiveness, leadership, marketing. Regular visitors will have the opportunity not to miss the novelties appearing in these book sections and to purchase their favorite book "on the spot" in the library on home page blog.

I hope that the benefits of reading books that you read in my article will further convince you that the book is a source of knowledge for us, and is one of the main ways to develop necessary to a person skills. At all times, everyone needs a book: both old and small. But with books we have the same situation as with people, Feuerbach wrote. Although we get to know many people, we choose only a few to be our friends.

Read Only best books, Dear friends, and it will be a great investment in your piggy bank personal growth. Happy reading and good books!

Today's parents are not limited to printed books when they read bedtime stories to their little ones. High tech Invitingly beckon with advanced features, and now you can choose not only the book itself, but also the way to get acquainted with it. And if electronic devices are mostly a curiosity for parents, then children from an early age get used to this format of reading. Due to the fact that this method of self-education still has many opponents, a logical question arises: what is an e-book for a child - evil or good?

For non-reading children

Parents of very young children choose to read as The best way interactions and bonding with children. It would seem, what difference does it make which book is in the hands of mom - electronic or printed? However, many adults fear that the glowing screens of gadgets attract more attention from children than the story itself. People are afraid that the priceless sacrament of the birth of a fairy tale will be lost. There is another big concern. Moms and dads are afraid that the child will not learn to read correctly with an e-book. It is logical that people who grew up on printed books ah with hardcovers, perceive everything new with suspicion. But are these fears realistic?

With the advent of the computer age, the literacy rate has increased

According to a study by the Kaiser Family Foundation, today's children have not given up on books. You'll be surprised, but print media still has a strong foothold when it comes to family reading. Over the past 10 years, the role of books in the lives of children and adults has increased. And this means that electronic technologies have not supplanted the traditional forms of self-education of young readers. These findings support the University of Cambridge findings that child literacy rates have only increased over the past decade. Apparently, there really are more benefits in more choice.

How to develop literacy in a child?

But electronic technologies are not going to stop there, offering users more and more tempting opportunities. If you allow your older child to read electronically, you must teach him to recognize the clear difference between books and apps that develop literacy but are more like games. For reading, select the format without sound signals and moving images. Turn off intrusive ads. But the increased number of interactive features, on the contrary, is welcome. For example, your child will be able to move objects that get in the way of Alice traveling through Wonderland, or make main character famous fairy tale grow.

Apps that motivate you to read

Be wise when choosing apps or how you read. For example, if your daughter loves Disney princess stories, find printed books featuring her favorite characters. The book in the hands will bring the baby a lot of joy. Printed fairy tales, in turn, can be supplemented with game applications in the form of another nice bonus. This must be done in order to encourage the child's desire to pick up a real book.

On the role of reading in the family

For a child to become addicted to reading, this activity should be welcomed by all family members. And it doesn't matter that dad has a fresh newspaper in his hands, and mom has a ladies' novel. For a change, each of you can pick up an e-book, but a child from an early age will be among the reading family members. He will definitely want to imitate you. Don't be influenced by the fashion trends of technology. As a parent, you and you alone have the right to decide how you present new information to your child. Ideally, e-books should be used if the library or bookstore does not have the copy you need (for example, from the list of works assigned for the summer).

What types of e-books are there?

In the event that the child needs to familiarize himself with the work, but it was not at hand, you can resort to the electronic reading format. Currently, there are several types of applications. Simple books include all popular works of domestic and foreign authors. They can be read like normal prints by simply turning the page.

Touch applications allow you to activate sound when interacting with the screen. Also, the child can, in the course of reading, find out what this or that unfamiliar word means. By touching the image of the picture, the baby can put it into action. Such applications are indispensable when we are talking about learning the alphabet. By pressing a finger on the letter or syllable that appeared on the screen, the baby immediately hears the sound.

Also on the e-book market, there are interactive stories that allow your little inquisitive student to control the characters himself. For example, the application "Puss in Boots" allows you to choose adventures "on the cat's head."

Creating the right balance

In order to avoid overstimulating your child, you need to create the right balance between reading printed books and using electronic applications. This is important so that the child has the opportunity to switch his attention. Become the main example for your own child! Visually show your child that turning over rustling book pages has its own charm. Let the child perceive books not as a general educational necessity, but as a journey into the world of fascinating stories.